CN105424619A - Device and measured value compensation method for measuring concentration of endogenous carbon monoxide in alveolar air - Google Patents
Device and measured value compensation method for measuring concentration of endogenous carbon monoxide in alveolar air Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 46
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 175
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 43
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004847 absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003748 differential diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000777 hematopoietic system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001745 non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004393 prognosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and measured value compensation method for measuring the concentration of endogenous carbon monoxide in alveolar air. The device is an instrument which can not only measure CO but also measure CO2, and the compensation method is a compensation method of an alveolar air endogenous CO measured value. Under the same temperature and pressure, the CO2 concentrations (X<CO2> and X<CO2>) in sample gas and reference gas are measured, and a concentration difference (X<CO2>-X<CO2>) is calculated; the CO concentrations (X<CO> and X<CO>) in the sample gas and the reference gas are measured, a concentration difference (X<CO>-X<CO>) is calculated, and the CO concentration difference is compensated through the CO2 concentration difference. According to the device and measured value compensation method for measuring the concentration of the endogenous carbon monoxide in the alveolar air, the CO and the CO2 are measured through the same device, and the measured value of the CO2 serves as a compensation basis of the measured value of the CO so as to eliminate the influence brought when calibration is conducted at different temperatures and pressures through different instruments during measurement; meanwhile, by means of the same proportionate concentration or dilution relation between the CO2 concentration and the CO concentration and the compensation method, the situation that due to the fact that operation methods of gas sampling and/or gas feeding are inconsistent, the sample gas is mixed with environmental gas, and a deviation of the endogenous CO concentration measured value is caused can be eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical diagnosis, in particular to a device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas and a compensation method of a measured value.
Background
One particular and important role of the mammalian hematopoietic system is the production of red blood cells, which deliver oxygen to various tissues of the animal body. The erythrocyte life span can be used for the differential diagnosis of the causes of various diseases such as anemia and the like, the understanding of the pathogenesis of the diseases and the judgment of treatment prognosis, so the measurement of the erythrocyte life span of the human body is very important. Studies have confirmed that the difference between the CO concentration of exhaled alveolar gas and the CO content in the air (ambient gas) in the place where the subject was located before the collection of exhalation can be accurately measured, and the human erythrocyte life can be deduced. However, the measured values measured by the existing devices are the CO concentration in the measurement chamber, and the concentration has a certain deviation from the normal CO concentration in the alveolar gas, and the deviation is caused by the mixing of the environmental gas caused by inconsistent operation methods during gas production and/or gas intake, and the existing methods and devices cannot identify and even eliminate the deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the following technical problems are encountered when measuring the concentration of a certain component in a breath sample using gas absorption spectroscopy with an open measuring cell: a. the CO concentration in the sample gas and the real concentration in the alveolar gas can be deviated due to the reasons of the mixing of the environmental gas caused by the inconsistency of the operation methods and the like during gas collection and/or gas intake, and the deviation of the measured value and the real value can be caused by the difference of the temperature and the pressure during measurement and the temperature and the pressure during calibration of the instrument. The invention provides a device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas and a measured value compensation method, which solve the problem that the existing method and equipment cannot identify and even eliminate the deviation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
provided is a measurement value compensation method for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas by using a gas absorption spectrometry method of an open measurement gas chamber, comprising the following steps:
s10, measuring CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas by the same device under the same temperature and pressure2The concentration or concentration difference of the gas, the concentration or concentration difference of the CO gas, and the measured valuesIs marked asOr (a)) Andor (a))；
S20, calculating the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas according to the following compensation formula:
wherein,
in the method for measuring the endogenous CO concentration in alveolar gas, the water vapor and CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas are removed before the concentration of the CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas is measured2A gas.
The invention also provides a device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, which comprises the following components in the same device:
CO2a measurement gas cell and a CO measurement gas cell, the CO2The measuring gas chamber and the CO measuring gas chamber are connected with the gas inlet through a gas pipeline and communicated with the environment through a gas outlet, and the CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas is measured at the same temperature and pressure2Concentration of gasOr difference in concentration of () And measuring the concentration of CO gas in the sample gas and the bottom gasOr difference in concentration of ()；
A processing unit for calculating a net volume ratio (V/V) concentration M of endogenous CO in alveolar gas using the following compensation formula:
wherein,
in the device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, an absorption bag assembly can be arranged between the air inlet and the CO measuring gas chamber in an installing or detachable mode through the connection of a tracheal pipeline, and is used for removing water vapor and CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas entering the CO measuring gas chamber2A gas.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) respectively measuring CO in the collected sample gas2Concentration of gas and CO gas by the relatively stable CO in alveolar gas2The concentration of CO is compensated and corrected by means of the concentration2The concentration of the carbon dioxide and the concentration of the CO are in the same proportion concentration or dilution relationship, and the deviation of the measured value caused by the mixing of the environmental gas due to the inconsistency of the operation method during gas production and/or gas intake can be eliminated by using a compensation formula;
(2) because of the CO of the sample gas and the bottom gas under the temperature and the pressure when the measuring device (instrument) is calibrated2And CO concentration measurement with the same sample gas, bottom gas at another temperature, pressureCO2And the CO concentration measurements are related as follows:
wherein,p, T are respectively the pressure and temperature at which the instrument is calibrated, is CO of sample gas and bottom gas under the conditions of pressure and temperature at calibration time2And CO volume ratio (V/V) concentration, P ', T' being another pressure and temperature condition, respectively,therefore, the CO of the same sample gas and bottom gas under the condition of another pressure and temperature2And the instrumental measurement of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of CO, so that the compensation formula is used in the process of implementing the invention
(wherein,)
when the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas is calculated, the influence on the CO concentration measurement value caused by the difference between the temperature and the pressure of the measuring device during use and calibration is automatically eliminated.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method of measuring the endogenous CO concentration in the alveolar gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a second preferred embodiment of the method of measuring the endogenous CO concentration in the alveolar gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a third preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The prior art methods and devices for measuring CO concentration measure CO concentration in a sample gas (collected subject exhalations, and all references to "sample gas" are used herein), but the following deviations cannot be identified, and even eliminated: a. the method comprises the following steps of b, measuring the temperature and the pressure of the instrument during measurement, and b, measuring the temperature and the pressure of the instrument during calibration, wherein the CO concentration value in sample gas and the actual value in alveolar gas are deviated due to the fact that environmental gas is mixed due to inconsistent operation methods and other reasons, for example, the CO concentration is higher than that in a normal condition due to overlong gas holding time during gas production, the external environmental gas enters and dilutes CO due to untight sealing during gas production or gas intake, and the deviation between the CO measurement value and the actual value is caused due to the difference between the temperature and the pressure during measurement and the temperature and the. The main innovation points of the invention are as follows: under the same pressure and temperature conditions, the same device is used to measure CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas (the environmental gas at the place where the breath is collected, the "bottom gas" is the same as the description in the text)2The concentration or concentration difference between the gas and the CO gas, by the relatively stable CO in the alveolar gas2The concentration of CO is compensated and corrected according to a compensation formula, so that the two types of deviations are eliminated, and a more accurate endogenous CO concentration value in the alveolar gas is obtained.
First, the principle of the compensation formula of the present invention is described in detail.
Relationship between one, gas concentration rho, level number D, and gas concentration measurement value X
Under the first measurement conditions, the pressure and temperature were P, T, respectively, for a sample with a CO concentration ρ:
D＝a·ρ+b(1)
X＝A·D+B(2)
the formula (1) is a formula for converting CO gas into a level number, and the level number D measured by a CO sensor is in direct proportion to the CO concentration rho, wherein rho is the real concentration of a sample; equation (2) is a formula for converting the number of levels into a concentration measurement, showing that the concentration measurement X is proportional to the number of levels D, X being the volume concentration measurement (V/V, concentration measured by the instrument). And if the temperature and the pressure during measurement are the same as those during calibration of the measuring device, rho is equal to X, otherwise rho is not equal to X.
Under the second measurement condition, the pressure and temperature are respectively P ' and T ', the CO concentration of the same sample under the second measurement environment condition is from rho → rho ', the same sample is measured by the same instrument (a, B, A and B are not changed), and the method comprises the following steps
D→D′D′＝a·ρ′+b(3)
X→X′X′＝A·D′+B(4)
Secondly, determining the relation between X' and X
Bringing (3) into (4) to obtain
X′＝A(a·ρ′+b)+B＝A·a·ρ′+(A·b+B)(5)
Bringing (1) into (2) to obtain
X＝A(a·ρ+b)+B＝A·a·ρ+(A·b+B)(6)
According to the ideal gas equation (assuming ideal gas) have
Bringing (7) into (5) to obtain
From (6) and (8)
Namely, it is
Because the interference of the bottom gas on the measurement result needs to be removed in the actual measurement, and the measurement conditions of the sample gas and the bottom gas are the same, therefore,
to simplify the formulation and calculation, a constant c is set, and the value of c,
thirdly, use CO2Concentration measurement calculation to compensate endogenous CO concentration values in alveolar gas
The equations (13) and (14) apply to both CO and CO2Let d be the ratio of alveolar gas to total expired air, M be the endogenous CO concentration in alveolar gas, and CO in alveolar gas25% of the total amount of CO in the bottom gas2Concentration and CO in alveolar gas2The concentration ratio is negligible, then
As can be seen from equations (15) and (16):
(wherein,)(17)
as can be seen from equation (17), we pass through the relatively stable CO in the alveolar gas2The concentration of CO is compensated and corrected by the concentration, so that the problem that the difference exists between the measurement result and the actual value due to the difference of temperature, pressure and the like can be solved, meanwhile, the deviation can be caused to the measurement value due to the mixing of the environmental gas caused by the inconsistency of the operation method during gas production and/or gas intake, and the CO is used for correcting the concentration of the CO2Concentration in relation to concentration or dilution in proportion to CO, such deviation can be eliminated by using the formula (17).
In the present invention, a compensation method is proposed which is suitable for the calculation of a concentration measurement value for one component from a concentration measurement value for the other component in the concentration measurement of a multi-component gas mixture (under certain conditions, the measurement value differs from the actual value, and the compensated measurement value can be easily equalized to the actual value after compensation by the method), which is suitable for the case where the concentration measurement is carried out by the spectral absorption method and the measurement gas chamber used is connected to the external environment via an exhaust port. In the invention, the compensation method is particularly applied to the calculation and compensation of the measured value of the endogenous CO in the alveolar gas.
In a first preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the endogenous CO concentration in alveolar gas according to the present invention, the CO concentration is compensated and corrected using compensation formula (17), specifically including,
s10, measuring CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas under the same temperature and pressure2Concentration of gas Or difference in concentrationMeasuring CO in sample gas and bottom gasConcentration of gasOr difference in concentrationThe first measurement conditions previously described are the pressure and temperature at the site of calibration P, T; the pressure and temperature P ', T' under the second measurement condition are the pressure and temperature at the time of actual measurement.
S20, calculating the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas by using the formula (17).
In a second preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the endogenous CO concentration in alveolar gas according to the present invention, the step S20 is preceded by the steps of:
s15, calculating the ratio d of the alveolar gas to the whole sample gas by using the formula (15), and judging:
if the value of d falls within the interval range [0.6, 1.5] indicating that the ratio falls within the normal correctable range, calculating the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas by directly using formula (17);
if the value d is not within the interval range of [0.6, 1.5], the sample gas collection or the gas intake process has serious errors, the correction error is large, and the sample introduction and the re-measurement are required.
In a third preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas according to the present invention, the step S20 is preceded by the steps of:
if the value d falls within the interval range [0.6, 1.5], the method further comprises the following steps before proceeding to step S20:
s16, if d value falls into the endogenous CO of alveolar gas of the subject2Within the range of d-value fluctuation due to individual differences in concentration, e.g. [1, 1.1]]The interior is considered as the CO of the sample gas and the bottom gas2The deviation of the concentration difference from 5% is due to endogenous CO in alveolar gas of the subject2Individual differences in concentration were not considered to beSince the environmental gas is mixed due to inconsistency of the operation method of gas production and/or gas intake, d is directly determined to be 1, and then the process proceeds to step S20, where the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of the endogenous CO in the alveolar gas is calculated by the following formula:
if the value of d is not within the interval [1, 1.1], the process proceeds to step S20.
In another preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas according to the present invention, water vapor and CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas are removed before the concentrations of the CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas are measured2A gas. The invention uses a CO probe and CO2The probe measures CO and CO2The concentration of (c). For example, the CO probe adopts a high-sensitivity room-temperature indium antimonide infrared detector, and meets the CO detection index. CO 22The NDIR probe is adopted as the probe, so that wide temperature compensation is realized, the stability is good, the water-air interference resistance is realized, and the precision is high. The elimination of the background noise for CO detection is mainly to eliminate the background noise contained in the sample gas and the background gas in the measurement period by the principle that the background noise is basically the same, and the sample gas and the background gas are subjected to the difference calculation of the measurement results. Meanwhile, CO alone in the present invention2Measuring chamber for measuring CO alone2Concentration, avoiding the influence on the measuring result under the gas flow. Blowing off CO with air before each measurement2After residual gas in the chamber, the residual gas is larger than CO2Pumping sample gas with 100 times of chamber volume into CO2Probing the chamber to ensure CO2The gas inside the chamber is completely the sample gas component, and the measurement is performed after the gas is balanced (for example, waiting for 30S).
The invention also provides a device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, which comprises: tracheal tube, CO2The device comprises a gas measuring chamber, a CO gas measuring chamber and a processing unit. CO 22The gas measuring chamber and the CO gas measuring chamber are connected to the gas inlet through a gas pipeline, and the CO in the sample gas and the CO in the bottom gas are respectively measured under the same temperature and pressure2Concentration of gasOr difference in concentrationConcentration of CO gas in sample gas and bottom gasOr difference in concentrationThe processing unit obtains the measured value or the difference between the sample gas and the background gas, and calculates the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of endogenous CO in the alveolar gas by using the formula (17).
In another embodiment of the device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, an absorption bag assembly is arranged between the gas inlet and the CO gas measuring chamber and is connected with the gas pipeline, and the absorption bag assembly is used for removing water vapor and CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas2Gas to eliminate water vapor and CO2Interference of gas on CO gas measurement.
In another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas according to the present invention, the absorption bag unit is detachably installed between the gas inlet and the CO gas measurement chamber through the connection of the tracheal tube, and is replaced immediately after the absorbent inside the absorption bag unit fails.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A device for measuring the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, which is capable of measuring both the concentration and concentration of CO2A concentration gas absorption spectrometer comprising:
CO2a gas measuring chamber and a CO gas measuring chamber, the CO gas2The gas measuring chamber and the CO gas measuring chamber are connected with the gas inlet through a gas pipeline, and the CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas is measured at the same temperature and pressure2Concentration of gasOr difference in concentration of () And measuring the concentration of CO gas in the sample gas and the bottom gasOr difference in concentration of ()；
A processing unit for calculating a net volume ratio (V/V) concentration M of endogenous CO in alveolar gas using the following compensation formula:
wherein,
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an absorption bag assembly is detachably or fixedly installed between the gas inlet and the CO gas measuring chamber via a connection of a tracheal tube, and is used for removing water vapor and CO in the bottom gas and the sample gas entering the CO gas measuring chamber2A gas.
3. A compensation method for measuring a measure of the concentration of endogenous CO in alveolar gas, comprising the steps of:
s10, measuring CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas by the same device under the same temperature and pressure2The concentration or concentration difference of the gas and the concentration or concentration difference of the CO gas, and the measured values are respectively recorded asOr (a)) Andor (a))；
S20, calculating the net value M of the volume ratio (V/V) concentration of the endogenous CO in the alveolar gas by using the following compensation formula:
wherein,
4. the method of claim 3, wherein the water vapor and CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas are removed before the concentration of the CO in the sample gas and the bottom gas is determined2A gas.
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| WO2017143739A1 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 深圳市先亚生物科技有限公司 | Method and device for measuring lifespan of red blood cell |
| CN108663503A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 福建省先亚药业有限公司 | A kind of method and system of intelligent measurement red blood cell life span |
| CN109490466A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-19 | 深圳市先亚生物科技有限公司 | The digitized compensation method and red blood cell life span determination method of null offset |
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Effective date of registration: 20161214 Address after: Unit D fourteen layer 518000 in Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Baoan District manhole street after Mao Ting Zhoushan Industrial Park to the Arts crafts emporium Technology Park Chong Building Applicant after: Zhang Houde Address before: 518057 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District Baishizhou Shahe industrial district 28 Building 2 floor Applicant before: Ma Yongjian |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |