CN105424193B - A kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device - Google Patents
A kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424193B CN105424193B CN201510778170.7A CN201510778170A CN105424193B CN 105424193 B CN105424193 B CN 105424193B CN 201510778170 A CN201510778170 A CN 201510778170A CN 105424193 B CN105424193 B CN 105424193B
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device, which includes：Element antenna, radio-frequency transmitter, antenna support arm, conducting slip ring, radio frequency rotary joint, digiboard and clock module, three-axle table, turntable support and numerical control processor cabinet, it is characterized in that, the element antenna is mounted in the first order and second level mounting surface of three-axle table, it can realize and carry out double-speed rotating scanning around same central rotating shaft, while signal transmission is carried out by slip ring and radio frequency rotary joint between each road radio-frequency transmitter, digiboard and clock module and numerical control processing cabinet in the same plane.The present invention has following benefit：The working method of the double-speed rotating scanning of element antenna is realized, and solves the transmission problem of each road signal, while using the turntable mechanism of two-stage superposing type independent control, and by the digiboard and clock module as second level orientation rotation face.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave remote sensing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of passive microwave radiometer imaging device especially relates to
And a kind of microwave radiometer scanned imagery device that high spatial resolution is realized using interferometric synthetic aperture imaging technique.
Background technology
Microwave radiometer is a kind of important detection instrument in microwave remote sensing field, it is by receiving the natural spoke of measured target
Penetrate the radiation brightness to obtain target, and then some certain physical parameters of inverting measured target.Microwave radiometer is in air, sea
The remote sensing fields such as ocean, vegetation, soil are widely used, while also in the emerging neck such as environment investigation, hiding target acquisition, lossless safety check
Domain promotes and applies.
Due to being limited by antenna aperture, a major defect of microwave radiometer is that spatial resolution is relatively low.From previous generation
It records after introducing aperture synthesis interference imaging technology the eighties, spatial resolution obtains a degree of promotion, but still cannot expire
The growing high spatial resolution demand of foot.The concept of clock scan antenna array proposed at present is further room for promotion
Resolution ratio provides a kind of effective way, uses this system that can realize that the antenna array mouth face of bigger (can with relatively low cost
With reference to J.Wu, C.Zhang, H.Liu, W.Sun, and J.Yan. " Clock scan of imaging interferometric
Radiometer and its applications, " Proc.IGARSS, pp.5244-5246, Jul.2007. and C.Zhang,
J.Wu,and H.Liu.“Clock Scanning Microwave Interferometric Radiometer and
Potential Application Analysis”,DOI:10.1109/JSTARS.2015.2428173)。
Since the antenna submatrix that clock scan antenna array is rotated by two groups with friction speed forms, the technology brought
Problem is mainly that the signal transmission between double freedom turning table control mechanism and antenna submatrix is more complicated.Design is a kind of simple
Reliable device is to solve to realize the clock scan of antenna array and realize that the high-precision signal between two surfacess of revolution transmits
Clock scan formula synthetic aperture radiometer moves towards the key of practical application.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to the difficulty to overcome double freedom antenna array rotation sweep technology, solves clock scan
The problem of turning table control mechanism and signal transmission meets the needs of clock scan interference microwave radiometer moves towards practical application, this
Invention proposes a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device.
To realize foregoing invention target, the present invention provides a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device, described
Imaging device includes：Minute hand element antenna 1, second element antenna 2, minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3, second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4, minute hand
Antenna support arm 5, second hand antenna support arm 6, first order conducting slip ring 16, second level conducting slip ring 18, radio frequency rotary joint 17, number
Plate and clock module 15, three-axle table, turntable support 21 and numerical control processor cabinet 22.
The three-axle table includes two-stage orientation shaft and a pitching to shaft, and first order orientation shaft is by first
Grade servo motor 8 and first order gear drive 9 drive, and first order mounting surface 7 is driven to be freely rotated around axis L, the
Class B bearing is driven to shaft by second level servo motor 12 and second level gear drive 13, and drives second level mounting surface
11 are freely rotated around axis L, and the first order mounting surface 7 is parallel with the second mounting surface 11；The pitching is to shaft by bowing
It faces upward servo motor 19 and pitching gear drive 20 drives, and first order mounting surface 7 and second level mounting surface 11 is driven to surround
Axes O is freely rotated；The axis L and axes O are mutually perpendicular to；
The element antenna shares N number of, and N number of element antenna is divided into two groups, i.e., described minute hand element antenna 1 and second single
First antenna 2；The minute hand element antenna 1 is connected by minute hand antenna support arm 5 with the first order mounting surface 7；The second hand list
First antenna 2 is connected by second hand antenna support arm 6 with the second level mounting surface 11；The second hand element antenna 2 and minute hand unit
Antenna 1 is located at the top of second hand antenna support arm 6 and minute hand antenna support arm 5 respectively；Wherein, N >=2；
The quantity of the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 respectively with minute hand element antenna 1 and second hand list
The quantity of first antenna 2 is identical, and the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 are separately mounted to minute hand antenna support arm 5
In second hand antenna support arm 6, it is used to implement and the output signal of element antenna is amplified, is filtered and frequency-conversion processing；
The digiboard is mounted on clock module 15 on the second level mounting surface 11, is used to implement and each road minute hand is penetrated
The output signal of frequency receiver 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 carries out digital collection and relevant treatment, and is each road minute hand radio frequency
Receiver 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 provide synchronizing clock signals；
The first order conducting slip ring 16 and second level conducting slip ring 18 are separately mounted to first order mounting surface 7 and the second level
Center on mounting plane 11 is used to implement the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 and the numerical control
Handle the circuit transmission between cabinet 22；
The radio frequency rotary joint 17 shares 1, at the central rotating shaft of the first order mounting surface 7, for reality
The now radio signal transmission between the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and the digiboard and clock module 15；
The turntable support 21 is used to that the three-axle table to be supported and moved；
The numerical control processing cabinet 22 is used to control the three-axle table, and to the digiboard and clock mould
The output signal of block 15 carries out imaging.
Optionally, above-mentioned two-stage orientation shaft realizes 360 ° of unlimited continuous rotations, and in two orientation shafts
Mandrel line L overlap and central rotating shaft L perpendicular to the element antenna the surfaces of revolution.
Further alternative, 0 ° to 90 ° of continuous rotation is realized in above-mentioned pitching to shaft.
The rotating speed of above-mentioned two-stage orientation shaft is different, and two-stage orientation shaft can either rotating Vortex also can be reverse
Rotation, the rotating speed of two-stage orientation shaft can be adjusted according to application demand, so realize specific scanning track and into
As temporal resolution.
The length of above-mentioned antenna support arm can adjust, to realize specific imaging space resolution ratio.
Above-mentioned N number of element antenna is in approximately the same plane；The direction of N number of element antenna is consistent and is revolved with center
Shaft axis L is parallel；
The vertical range for belonging to element antenna to the central axis L in same group is equal.
Above-mentioned radio frequency rotary joint shares " M+1 " road radio-frequency channel；Wherein, M paths are used to install the first order
The radio signal transmission of M roads radio-frequency transmitter output on face (7) to the digiboard and clock module, all the way channel is used
It is penetrated in the clock signal transmission for exporting the digiboard with clock module to the M roads being located on first order mounting surface (7)
Frequency receiver；The value range of M is：[1, N-2].
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1) present invention realizes the double freedom rotation sweep function of antenna array, and solve each road radio-frequency transmitter sum number
The line transmission problem of radiofrequency signal and electric signal between letter stencil and clock module and numerical control processing cabinet.
2) three-axle table in the present invention respectively drives the two-stage surfaces of revolution by two independent motors and driving mechanism and carries out
Orientation rotation sweep can flexibly realize various sweeping schemes, and can be according to application demand to the rotating speed of the two-stage surfaces of revolution
It is adjusted at any time, improves flexibility and the reliability of system.
3) three-axle table in the present invention is using two-stage superposing type turntable driving structure, can improve two groups of element antennas it
Between relative rotation speed control accuracy, and then reduce image error, improve image quality.
4) digiboard in the present invention is placed on the second level surfaces of revolution of three-axle table, therefore only need one with clock module
The radiofrequency signal and clock letter between all radio-frequency transmitters and digiboard and clock module can be realized in a radio frequency rotary joint
Number transmission, greatly reduce system complexity, save cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is scanned imagery device overall structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is three-axle table overall structure diagram
Fig. 3 is three-axle table internal structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is scanned imagery device circuit and signal transmission link figure；
Fig. 5 is baseline scan trajectory diagram when scanning means uses rotating Vortex；
Fig. 6 is baseline scan trajectory diagram when scanning means uses counter-rotating.
Attached drawing identifies：
1st, minute hand element antenna 2, second hand element antenna 3, minute hand radio-frequency transmitter
4th, second hand radio-frequency transmitter 5, minute hand antenna support arm 6, second hand antenna support arm
7th, first order mounting surface 8, first order servo motor 9, first order gear drive
10th, first order angular encoder 11, second level mounting surface 12, second level servo motor
13rd, second level gear drive 14, second level angular encoder 15, digiboard and clock module
16th, first order conducting slip ring 17, radio frequency rotary joint 18, second level conducting slip ring
19th, elevation servo motor 20, pitching gear drive 21, turntable support
22nd, numerical control processing cabinet 23, universal wheel 24, retractable supports arm
25th, first order support cabin 26, second level support cabin 27, pitching shaft
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the invention will be further described.
Interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, for receiving external electromagnetic
8 element antennas of wave signal are divided into 2 groups, every group 4, respectively minute hand element antenna 1 and second hand element antenna 2.8 units
Antenna can be operated in arbitrary radio-frequency range.4 minute hand element antennas 1 are separately mounted to the top of 4 minute hand antenna support arms 5.4
Second hand element antenna 2 is mounted on the top of second hand antenna support arm 6.Second hand element antenna 2 is in the outside of minute hand element antenna 1,
And it is co-located in same plane.The installation direction of all element antennas is parallel with central axis L.
Minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4 are separately mounted to minute hand antenna support arm 5 and second hand antenna support arm
It on 6, is amplified, filters and down-converted for the output signal to element antenna.The installation position of radio-frequency transmitter 3 and 4
Putting should be close proximity to minute hand element antenna 1 and second hand element antenna 2, to reduce the transmission loss of radiofrequency signal.
Antenna support arm 5 and 6 is mounted on three-axle table, and the orientation rotation and pitching of element antenna 1 and 2 are directed toward by three
Shaft rotation platform is realized to control.The overall structure figure of three-axle table is as shown in Fig. 2, minute hand antenna support arm 5 is fixed on three-axle table
On first order mounting surface 7, and it is evenly distributed around central axis L with 90 ° of intervals, and second hand antenna support arm 6 is fixed on second level peace
On dress face 11, and it is evenly distributed around central axis L with 90 ° of intervals.First order mounting surface 7 supports cabin 25 and the by the first order
Two level mounting surface 11 is connected, and second level mounting surface 11 supports cabin 26 to be connected with pitching shaft 27 by the second level.Three-axle table
Pitching direction is driven by elevation servo motor 19 by pitching gear drive 20 so that first order mounting surface 7 and second
Grade mounting surface 11 can surround the rotation in the range of 90 ° of the progress of pitch axis 27, and the tune at angle is directed toward so as to fulfill the pitching of element antenna
It is whole.
Three-axle table is mounted on turntable support 21.21 bottom of turntable support is installed by universal wheel 23 and retractable supports arm
24, move freely the steady fixed function of peace with realize whole device.
The internal structure of three-axle table as shown in figure 3, first order mounting surface 7 in first order servo motor 8 and first order tooth
Central axis L progress orientation can be surrounded under the driving of wheel drive mechanism 9 to rotate freely, which is compiled by first order angle
Code device 10 measures to obtain.Second level mounting surface 11 is in the driving of second level servo motor 12 and second level gear drive 13
Under can surround central axis L carry out orientation rotate freely, which is measured to obtain by second level angular encoder 14.
Digiboard is located at the inside in first order support cabin 25 with clock module 15, and is fixed on second level mounting surface 11.The first order is led
Electric slip ring 16 is mounted on the top center in first order support cabin, is used to implement first order mounting surface 7 and second level mounting surface
Electric signal transmission between 11.Radio frequency rotary joint 17 is located at the lower section of first order conducting slip ring 16, is used to implement first order peace
Radio signal transmission between dress face 7 and second level mounting surface 11.Second level conducting slip ring 18 is mounted on second level support cabin
Top center, the electric signal transmission being used to implement between second level mounting surface 11 and numerical control processing cabinet 22.
The interference circuit of microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device provided by the invention and radio signal transmission chain graph
As shown in Figure 4.The electromagnetic signal that two groups of element antennas 1 and 2 receive is amplified through radio-frequency transmitter 3 and 4, filters and frequency conversion
The digiboard and clock module 15 being transmitted to after processing on second level mounting surface 11.Digiboard is with clock module 15 to defeated
Enter signal and carry out digital collection and relevant treatment, while synchronizing clock signals are provided to each road radio-frequency transmitter 3 and 4, to ensure
Each radio-frequency transmitter 3 and the synchronous coherence of frequency variation signal that 4 are exported.
Since second hand radio-frequency transmitter 4, digiboard and clock module 15 and second level mounting surface 11 belong to the same surfaces of revolution,
It therefore can be by way of direct line into horizontal electrical signal and radio frequency between radio-frequency transmitter 4 and digiboard and clock module 15
Signal transmission.Since minute hand radio-frequency transmitter 3 and digiboard belong to the different surfacess of revolution from clock module 15, to avoid
There is circuit winding during the rotation sweep of first order mounting surface, between radio-frequency transmitter 3 and digiboard and clock module 15
Electric signal and radio signal transmission needs realized respectively by first order conducting slip ring 16 and radio frequency rotary joint 17.Together
Sample, to avoid occurring circuit winding in the rotary course of second level mounting surface, the output number of digiboard and clock module 15
The measuring signal of signal and first order angular encoder need to be connect by second level conducting slip ring 18 with numerical control processing cabinet 22, with reality
Now further imaging.Numerical control processing cabinet 22 can be directly to 12 transmission of control signals of second level servo motor, at numerical control
Managing cabinet 22 need to be by second level conducting slip ring 18 to 8 transmission of control signals of first order servo motor.
The mode that sliding rail may be used in antenna support arm 5 and 6 freely stretch to change the length of antenna support arm, therefore divide
The distance of 2 distance center axis L of needle element antenna 1 and second hand element antenna can be adjusted according to observation requirements, and adjustment is former
It is then：Two groups of element antennas 1 and 2 distances and u away from central axis LmaxIt is related with imaging angle resolution ax θ, it should meet
umax≥1/Δθ.Range difference Δ u imaging viewing field angular dimension θ of two groups of element antennas 1 and 2 away from central axis LFOVIt is related, it should
Meet the θ of Δ u≤1/FOV.Table 1 gives two kinds of parameter settings of the scanning means described in case study on implementation of the present invention and corresponding property
Can index, both parameter settings correspond to rotating Vortex and the common clock scan mode of two kinds of counter-rotating respectively.It is corresponding
The scanning track difference of antenna baseline is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Table 1
Note：λ is operation wavelength
Technical solution provided by the invention is suitable for the passive remote sensing imaging device of arbitrary radio-frequency range.
It should be noted that Yi Shang case study on implementation is merely to illustrate embodiment of the present invention and not limits.This field
It will be appreciated by the skilled person that it is any to the modification of technical solution of the present invention or equivalent substitute without departure from the technology of the present invention side
The spirit and scope of case should all cover in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device, which is characterized in that the imaging device includes：Minute hand unit
Antenna (1), second hand element antenna (2), minute hand radio-frequency transmitter (3), second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4), minute hand antenna support arm (5),
Second hand antenna support arm (6), first order conducting slip ring (16), second level conducting slip ring (18), radio frequency rotary joint (17), digiboard
With clock module (15), three-axle table, turntable support (21) and numerical control processor cabinet (22)；
The three-axle table includes two-stage orientation shaft and a pitching to shaft, and first order orientation shaft is by the first servo
Motor (8) and first gear transmission mechanism (9) driving, and the first mounting surface (7) is driven to be freely rotated around axis L, the second level
Orientation shaft is driven by the second servo motor (12) and second gear transmission mechanism (13), and the second mounting surface (11) is driven to enclose
It is freely rotated around axis L, and first mounting surface (7) is parallel with the second mounting surface (11)；The pitching is to shaft by pitching
Servo motor (19) and pitching gear drive (20) driving, and the first mounting surface (7) and the second mounting surface (11) is driven to enclose
It is freely rotated around axes O；The axis L and axes O are mutually perpendicular to；
The element antenna shares N number of, N number of element antenna is divided into two groups, i.e., described minute hand element antenna (1) and second hand unit
Antenna (2)；The minute hand element antenna (1) is connected by minute hand antenna support arm (5) with first mounting surface (7)；The second
Needle element antenna (2) is connected by second hand antenna support arm (6) with second mounting surface (11)；The second hand element antenna and point
Needle element antenna is located at the top of second hand antenna support arm and minute hand antenna support arm respectively；Wherein, N >=2；
The quantity of the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter (3) and second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4) respectively with minute hand element antenna (1) and second hand
The quantity of element antenna (2) is identical, and the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter (3) and second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4) are separately mounted to minute hand
In antenna support arm (5) and second hand antenna support arm (6), it is used to implement and the output signal of element antenna is amplified, filtered and become
Frequency is handled；
The digiboard on second mounting surface (11), is used to implement to each road minute hand radio frequency with clock module (15)
The output signal of receiver (3) and second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4) carries out digital collection and relevant treatment, and is penetrated for each road minute hand
Frequency receiver (3) and second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4) provide synchronizing clock signals；
The first order conducting slip ring (16) and second level conducting slip ring (18) are separately mounted to the first mounting surface (7) and the second peace
Center on dress face (11) is used to implement the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter (3) and second hand radio-frequency transmitter (4) and the number
Circuit transmission between control processing cabinet (22)；
The radio frequency rotary joint (17) shares 1, at the central rotating shaft of first mounting surface (7), is used to implement
With the radio signal transmission between the minute hand radio-frequency transmitter (3) and the digiboard and clock module (15)；
The turntable support (21) is for being supported and move to the three-axle table；
The numerical control handles cabinet (22) for controlling the three-axle table, and to the digiboard and clock module
(15) output signal carries out imaging.
2. a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two
Grade orientation shaft realizes 360 ° of unlimited continuous rotations, and the central axis L of two orientation shafts is overlapped and the center turns
Axis L is perpendicular to the surfaces of revolution of the element antenna.
3. a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to bow
It faces upward to shaft and realizes 0 ° to 90 ° of continuous rotation.
4. a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two
The rotating speed of grade orientation shaft is different, and two-stage orientation shaft can either rotating Vortex also can counter-rotating, two-stage orientation
It can be adjusted to the rotating speed of shaft according to application demand, and then realize specific scanning track and imaging time resolution ratio.
A kind of 5. interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the day
The length of line support arm (5,6) can adjust, to realize specific imaging space resolution ratio.
A kind of 6. interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N
A element antenna is in approximately the same plane；The direction of N number of element antenna is consistent and parallel with central rotation axis L；
The vertical range for belonging to element antenna to the central axis L in same group is equal.
7. a kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to penetrate
Frequency rotary joint shares " M+1 " road radio-frequency channel；
Wherein, M paths are used to pass the radiofrequency signal of the M roads minute hand radio-frequency transmitter output on first mounting surface (7)
The digiboard and clock module are transported to, channel is used for the clock signal transmission by the digiboard and clock module output all the way
To the M roads minute hand radio-frequency transmitter being located on the first mounting surface (7)；The value range of M is：[1, N-2].
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| CN201510778170.7A CN105424193B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | A kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device |
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| CN201510778170.7A CN105424193B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | A kind of interference microwave radiometer clock scan imaging device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106092336B (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of one-dimensional interference type micro-wave Radiometer Image inversion method |
| CN106597433A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 无锡市雷华科技有限公司 | Low-altitude monitoring radar |
| CN106876985B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2023-08-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Stable platform system of airborne dual-band antenna |
| CN106887703B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2020-10-09 | 合肥开泰机电科技有限公司 | 5-meter antenna turntable |
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