CN105424167A - Underwater self-contained sound intensity instrument and sound intensity measurement method - Google Patents
Underwater self-contained sound intensity instrument and sound intensity measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater self-contained sound intensity instrument and a sound intensity measurement method. A sound intensity probe is installed at the lower end of a storage bin bottom seat, and the interior of a storage bin is provided with a lower partitioning plate and an upper partitioning plate. A signal conditioning module is disposed on the lower partitioning plate, and a microprocessing and storage module and a power module are disposed on the upper partitioning plate. A data reading interface and a storage battery charging interface are disposed on an upper cover plate of the storage bin, and are sealed through O-shaped rings. An output end of the sound intensity probe is connected with an input end of the signal conditioning module. An output end of the signal conditioning module is connected with the microprocessing and storage module. The power module supplies power to the sound intensity probe, the signal conditioning module and the microprocessing and storage module at the same time. The data reading interface is connected with the microprocessing and storage module, and the storage battery charging interface is connected with the power module. The instrument can enable the instant sound intensity, mean sound intensity and complex sound intensity data to be stored in an instrument without a cable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underwater sound metrology and measurement field, particularly relate to the sound intensity under water that can measure on space three-dimensional direction in 20Hz-2000Hz band limits, a kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit and sound intersity measurement method.
Background technology
The sound intensity is the physical quantity representing acoustic energy flow size and Orientation in sound field.In Underwater Acoustics Engineering application, utilize the sound intensity can carry out Underwater Target Detection and identification, marine environment detect and the research in the branch field such as underwater sound source structural_acoustic system characteristic.
The research of acoustic intensity unit starts from the thirties in last century.The HarryOlson of RCA Corp. of the U.S. has just invented in 1931 for the acoustical power test macro in aeroacoustics; 1956, the two microphones ratio juris of TJSchultz application RHBolt, tried to achieve particle vibration velocity by the sound pressure signal of two microphones, thus had started the beginning of particle vibration velocity indirect inspection in the sound field of space, and huge contribution has been made in the development for sound intersity measurement.By 1977, after the F.J.Fahy of Southampton, Britain university demonstrates the cross-spectrum relational expression of the sound intensity, the application of sound intersity measurement was more and more extensive.
At present, acoustic intensity unit general is both at home and abroad use P-P method to carry out sound intersity measurement mostly, namely utilize dual sensor (two microphones or bi_hydrophone) as sound intensity probe, utilize the method for finite-difference approximation to obtain particle vibration velocity information in sound field, thus indirectly obtain the sound intensity.The CF-6400 sound intensity measurement system (three-dimensional sound intensity probe type number is MI-6420) that the portable acoustic intensity measurer B & K4433 (model of two microphones probe is B & K3520) that typical products has B & K company of Denmark to release, Japanese little Ye Ce device company release and the 50VX type sound intensity probe etc. of G.R.A.S company of Denmark.And sound intersity measurement aspect under water, due to the inconsistency between two pressure hydrophone, cause the result utilizing the method to obtain to there is comparatively big error, theory calculate and experimental verification are all to this has been proof.
Compared to two pressure hydrophone sound intensity probe, utilize single vector hydrophone as sound intensity probe, acoustic pressure amount under water can not only be measured, can also synchronously, the measurement particle vibration velocity under water of concurrent, greatly reduce the errors of principles of bi_hydrophone phonometry, improve measuring accuracy.As far back as nineteen sixty-five, F.Schloss has just applied for the patent of " particle acceleration type phonometer " by name, and this sound intensity probe adopts piezoelectric ceramics as sensitive element.In decades after this, scholars have devised the multiple sound intensity probe for the underwater sound, have promoted the development of Noise Intensity Testing Technique under water.The people such as Thomas utilize vibration velocity sensor and piezoelectric ceramics to develop the sound intensity probe that simultaneously can obtain acoustic pressure, vibration velocity and acoustic pressure gradient, can detect the acoustic pressure in a certain plane under water and particle vibration velocity information.Based on ground, the people such as K.J.Bastyr visit that device develops can the U-U sound intensity probe of acceleration measurement.The domestic nineties in last century, what first Amway of Harbin Engineering University constitutes a set of P-U method sound intensity measurement system with a kind of cylindricality mark-vector hydrophone, and utilizing the experimental study that the system have been the sound intersity measurement of large-scale excited vibration structure under water, its result shows that this system and method is effective.
In sum, the sound intensity probe based on vector hydrophone can increase substantially sound intersity measurement work efficiency under water, and can detect by widespread use Yu Haiyang, Marine Geology is investigated, and the fields such as Underwater Target Detection, have broad application prospects.But because signal adopts cable transmission, the interference brought by cable in process often affects acoustical behavior and the technical indicator of sound intensity measurement system entirety; Meanwhile, the cable required for bathymetry is long, has both been inconvenient to lay, and turn increases measurement cost, reduces system reliability.Along with miniaturization, develop low power consumption integrated circuit, and Large Copacity, small size battery appearance, without the need to cable and the self-tolerant instrument that information can be stored into instrument internal is applied to every field more and more.In addition, although sound intersity measurement under water has high using value, the method for traditional this physical quantity of acquisition remains based on the pressure and particle velocity amount that obtains by nautical receiving set, utilizes aftertreatment to obtain the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity.Up to now, not direct using the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity as the underwateracoustic intensity measurer of output quantity, certainly, also have no the bibliographical information of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of unfavorable cable and the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and multiple sound intensity data can be stored in underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit in instrument.Object of the present invention also comprises provides that a kind of speed is fast, efficiency is high, based on the sound intersity measurement method of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit.
A kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit, comprises sound intensity probe 1, storage silo 2, Signal-regulated kinase 3, micro-process and memory module 4, power module 5, upper cover plate 6, data read port 7, charge in batteries interface 8, lower clapboard 9, upper spacer 10 and O type circle 11;
Sound intensity probe 1 is arranged on storage silo 2 base lower end, storage silo 2 inside is provided with lower clapboard 9 and upper spacer 10, Signal-regulated kinase 3 is arranged on lower clapboard 9, micro-process and memory module 4 and power module 5 are arranged on upper spacer 10, digital independent interface 7 and charge in batteries interface 8 are arranged on the upper cover plate 6 of storage silo 2, and seal with O type circle 11;
The output terminal of sound intensity probe 1 is connected with the input end of Signal-regulated kinase 3, the output terminal of Signal-regulated kinase 3 is connected with micro-process and memory module 4, power module 5 powers to sound intensity probe 1, Signal-regulated kinase 3 and micro-process and memory module 4 simultaneously, digital independent interface 7 is connected with micro-process and memory module 4, and charge in batteries interface 8 is connected with power module 5.
A kind of underwater self-containing formula of the present invention acoustic intensity unit, can also comprise:
1, sound intensity probe comprises 3 vibration transducers, 2 semisphere piezoelectric ceramics and joint flange;
3 vibration transducers are placed on equilateral triangle joint flange summit place respectively, and the overall centers of gravity of 3 sensors overlap with triangle center, and 3 sensor main direction of principal axis are vertically mutual between any two, and respectively with X, Y, Z tri-rectangular coordinate axis being parallel; 3 vibration transducers after being connected by joint flange are positioned at a semisphere piezoelectric ceramics center, adopt low-density composite the two to be poured in together, then are poured in together in another semisphere piezoelectric ceramics, form the inner sensitive element of sound intensity probe; Inner for sound intensity probe sensitive element is linked together by vibration isolation material and storage silo base, finally goes out to utilize polyurethane material embedding shell at the inner sensitive element of sound intensity probe.
2, Signal-regulated kinase 3 comprises 4 channel signal modulate circuits, and each passage comprises filter unit, amplifying unit and Date Conversion Unit, and each passage encapsulates separately.
3, sound intensity probe 1 is measured and is obtained three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal, sends Signal-regulated kinase 3 to, and after conditioning, signal enters micro-process and memory module 4 processes, and obtains the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and multiple sound intensity data and preserves.
Based on a sound intersity measurement method for underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit, comprise the following steps,
Step one: sound intensity probe measurement obtains three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal, sends Signal-regulated kinase to;
Step 2: signal sends micro-process and memory module to after conditioning;
Step 3: after sound pressure signal p (t) and particle vibration velocity signal u (t) Combined Treatment, obtain x, the instantaneous sound intensity in y, z all directions and average sound intensity;
In x, y, z all directions, the instantaneous sound intensity of a direction is:
I(t)＝p(t)u(t)
Average sound intensity:
Fast fourier transform (FFT) is done to the signal in a period of time, calculates x, the multiple sound intensity in y, z all directions;
In x, y, z all directions, the multiple sound intensity of a direction is:
Wherein, P (ω) and U (ω) is the Fourier transform of p (t) and u (t) respectively, and * represents complex conjugate.
Beneficial effect:
Three-dimensional underwater self-containing formula sound-intensity measuring device of the present invention, by vector hydrophone and signal condition, process, storage and integrated design of powering, avoid and use cable in actual bathymetry, greatly reduce the interference brought by cable, improve overall performance and the index of sound intersity measurement under water, and improve the reliability of sound intensity measurement system in practical engineering application; Secondly, the present invention adopts trivector hydrophone as sound intensity probe, directly can measure and economize the three-dimensional instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity often under water; Meanwhile, instantaneous for the three-dimensional sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity are stored in instrument internal by the present invention, not only save the finishing time calculating this physical quantity and spend, simultaneously for follow-up signal process provides the selection of more horn of plenty.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cut-away view of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is sound intensity probe structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Signal-regulated kinase block diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is data processing of the present invention and Stored Procedure figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
The object of the invention is to the weak point overcome existing for prior art, one is provided to utilize vector hydrophone as sound intensity probe, and using Signal-regulated kinase, micro treatment module, data memory module and power module integrated design in storage silo as green end under water, the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and multiple sound intensity data can be stored in the three-dimensional underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit in instrument by unfavorable cable.
By three, independently vibration transducer and two semisphere piezoelectric ceramics form described sound intensity probe, vibration transducer is positioned over semisphere piezoelectric ceramics center, adopt low-density composite to be poured in together by the two, last coated polyurethane material shell, forms spherical sound intensity probe.Sound intensity probe ring flange there is O type circle groove, adopt O type circle by watertight between sound intensity probe and warehouse, and fix with bolt.
Signal-regulated kinase, micro treatment module, data memory module and power module is comprised in described storage silo.
Described storage silo shell is manufactured by stainless steel, and upper cover plate has watertight effect.
The digital independent interface of described storage silo, charge in batteries interface all thereon on cover plate, and are protected with gland bonnet.
The output terminal of described sound intensity probe is connected with the input end of Signal-regulated kinase, and the output terminal of Signal-regulated kinase is connected with microprocessor, and described microprocessor goes back connection data memory module simultaneously.Described power module powers to sound intensity probe, Signal-regulated kinase, microprocessor module and data memory module simultaneously.
Described Signal-regulated kinase comprises independently 4 channel signal modulate circuits, and each passage comprises amplification filtering unit and Date Conversion Unit, and each passage encapsulates separately.
Described microprocessor module, by after sound pressure signal p (t) and particle vibration velocity signal u (t) Combined Treatment, can obtain the instantaneous sound intensity and average sound intensity; Fast fourier transform (FFT) is done to the signal in a period of time, calculates the multiple sound intensity.The data obtained are sent into memory module.
The instantaneous METHOD FOR SOUND POWER CALCULATION expression formula of a direction is:
I(t)＝p(t)u(t)
Average sound intensity calculation expression is:
The multiple METHOD FOR SOUND POWER CALCULATION expression formula of a direction is:
Wherein P (ω) and U (ω) is the Fourier transform of p (t) and u (t) respectively, and * represents complex conjugate.
Described memory module adopts SD card mode to store, and directly stores the sound intensity amount data of all directions.
A kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit, utilize vector hydrophone as sound intensity probe, and using Signal-regulated kinase, signal processing module, data memory module and power module integrated design in storage silo as green end under water, unfavorable cable can store data in instrument internal.Signal-regulated kinase is divided into 4 tunnels, and there are independent amplifying unit, filter unit and Date Conversion Unit in each road, and there is independent shell on each road as encapsulation, prevents interchannel crosstalk.
Sound intensity probe is made up of trivector hydrophone, and working band is 20Hz ~ 2000Hz.
The instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity can be calculated, and above physical quantity is directly stored in the storage medium of instrument internal as output quantity.
Accompanying drawing 1 is structural representation of the present invention.As shown in the figure, a kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit by sound intensity probe 1, storage silo 2, Signal-regulated kinase 3, micro-process and memory module 4, power module 5, upper cover plate 6, data read port 7, charge in batteries interface 8, lower clapboard 9, upper spacer 10, O type circle 11 and connection wire 12 form.Wherein, Signal-regulated kinase 3 is arranged on lower clapboard 9, and micro-process and memory module 4 and power module 5 are arranged on upper spacer 10.Digital independent interface 7 and charge in batteries interface 8 are placed on the upper cover plate 6 of storage silo 2, and with O type circle 11 form watertight protection.
Described sound intensity probe 1 by three independently vibration transducer 1a and two semisphere piezoelectric ceramics 1b form, its structure is as shown in Figure 2.Its concrete embodiment is: three vibration transducer 1a are placed on equilateral triangle joint flange 1c summit place respectively, and the overall center of gravity of three sensors is overlapped with triangle center.Every sensor main direction of principal axis is mutually vertical between any two, and respectively with X, Y, Z tri-rectangular coordinate axis being parallel.Vibration transducer after connection is positioned over a semisphere piezoelectric ceramics center, adopts low-density composite 1d the two to be poured in together.After perfusion is shaped, at another semisphere piezoelectric ceramics of continuation control, the inner sensitive element of final formation sound intensity probe.Then inner for formation sound intensity probe sensitive element is linked together by vibration isolation material 1e and data conditioning storage silo base 2a, finally inner for sound intensity probe sensitive element is utilized polyurethane material 1g embedding shell, final formation sound intensity probe 1.
Described by accompanying drawing 3 is theory diagram of the present invention.Four tunnel simulating signals (three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal) the first entering signal conditioning module 3 obtained is measured by sound intensity probe 1, after conditioning, signal enters by micro treatment module 4a process, the instantaneous sound intensity obtained, average sound intensity and multiple sound intensity data, then data are sent in memory module 4b and are preserved.Power module 5 provides power supply for other all modules comprising sound intensity probe 1.
Described by accompanying drawing 4 is Signal-regulated kinase block diagram of the present invention.Every road signal, via after independent filter unit 3a, amplifying unit 3b and Date Conversion Unit 3c, enters micro treatment module 4a.Wherein 3d is the shell that every road signal condition unit encapsulates separately, for isolating the crosstalk between every passage.
Described by accompanying drawing 5 is data processing of the present invention and Stored Procedure figure.First initialization after system electrification, the CPU in micro treatment module 4a sends and starts acquisition instructions, record current time, and utilizes current time in SD card, to create file as title; Meanwhile, CPU starts to control collection signal conditioning module 3 Zhong tetra-road signal, and three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal is processed respectively, calculates x, the instantaneous sound intensity in y, z all directions, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity; Controlled result to be write in the new file created by CPU after having calculated; After this judge that whether SD card storage space is full, if space is full, gather storage program and stop, system enters park mode; If still have living space, then return beginning and process storage program next time.
Underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit, utilize vector hydrophone as sound intensity probe, and using Signal-regulated kinase, signal processing module, data memory module and power module integrated design in storage silo as green end under water, unfavorable cable can store data in instrument internal.Signal-regulated kinase is divided into 4 tunnels, and there are independent amplifying unit, filter unit and Date Conversion Unit in each road, and there is independent shell on each road as encapsulation, prevents interchannel crosstalk.Working frequency range of the present invention is 20Hz ~ 2000Hz, the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and the multiple sound intensity can be remained on instrument internal as output quantity.Invention increases overall performance and the index of sound intersity measurement under water, and improve the reliability of sound intensity measurement system in practical engineering application.
Claims (5)
1. a underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit, it is characterized in that: comprise sound intensity probe (1), storage silo (2), Signal-regulated kinase (3), micro-process and memory module (4), power module (5), upper cover plate (6), data read port (7), charge in batteries interface (8), lower clapboard (9), upper spacer (10) and O type circle (11);
Sound intensity probe (1) is arranged on storage silo (2) base lower end, storage silo (2) inside is provided with lower clapboard (9) and upper spacer (10), Signal-regulated kinase (3) is arranged on lower clapboard (9), micro-process and memory module (4) and power module (5) are arranged on upper spacer (10), digital independent interface (7) and charge in batteries interface (8) are arranged on the upper cover plate (6) of storage silo (2), and seal with O type circle (11);
The output terminal of sound intensity probe (1) is connected with the input end of Signal-regulated kinase (3), the output terminal of Signal-regulated kinase (3) is connected with micro-process and memory module (4), power module (5) gives sound intensity probe (1), Signal-regulated kinase (3) and micro-process and memory module (4) power supply simultaneously, digital independent interface (7) is connected with micro-process and memory module (4), and charge in batteries interface (8) is connected with power module (5).
2. a kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sound intensity probe comprises 3 vibration transducers, 2 semisphere piezoelectric ceramics and joint flange;
3 vibration transducers are placed on equilateral triangle joint flange summit place respectively, and the overall centers of gravity of 3 sensors overlap with triangle center, and 3 sensor main direction of principal axis are vertically mutual between any two, and respectively with X, Y, Z tri-rectangular coordinate axis being parallel; 3 vibration transducers after being connected by joint flange are positioned at a semisphere piezoelectric ceramics center, adopt low-density composite the two to be poured in together, then are poured in together in another semisphere piezoelectric ceramics, form the inner sensitive element of sound intensity probe;
Inner for sound intensity probe sensitive element is linked together by vibration isolation material and storage silo base, finally goes out to utilize polyurethane material embedding shell at the inner sensitive element of sound intensity probe.
3. a kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Signal-regulated kinase (3) comprises 4 channel signal modulate circuits, each passage comprises filter unit, amplifying unit and Date Conversion Unit, and each passage encapsulates separately.
4. a kind of underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sound intensity probe (1) is measured and obtained three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal, send Signal-regulated kinase (3) to, after conditioning, signal enters micro-process and memory module (4) process, obtains the instantaneous sound intensity, average sound intensity and multiple sound intensity data and preserves.
5., based on a sound intersity measurement method for underwater self-containing formula acoustic intensity unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
Step one: sound intensity probe measurement obtains three tunnel vibration velocity signals and a road sound pressure signal, sends Signal-regulated kinase to;
Step 2: signal sends micro-process and memory module to after conditioning;
Step 3: after sound pressure signal p (t) and particle vibration velocity signal u (t) Combined Treatment, obtain x, the instantaneous sound intensity in y, z all directions and average sound intensity;
In x, y, z all directions, the instantaneous sound intensity of a direction is:
I(t)＝p(t)u(t)
Average sound intensity:
Fast fourier transform (FFT) is done to the signal in a period of time, calculates x, the multiple sound intensity in y, z all directions;
In x, y, z all directions, the multiple sound intensity of a direction is:
Wherein, P (ω) and U (ω) is the Fourier transform of p (t) and u (t) respectively, and * represents complex conjugate.
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| CN108917911B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-11-20 | 南京海精电子技术有限公司 | Portable self-contained hydrophone |
| CN109766060A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-17 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of portable high steady deep-sea data recording equipment |
| CN109766060B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-04-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Portable high-stability deep sea data recording device |
| CN114459591A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-10 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) | Deep-sea high-sensitivity optical fiber vector acoustic detection subsurface buoy device and system |
| CN114459591B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-04-26 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) | Deep sea high-sensitivity optical fiber vector acoustic detection submerged buoy device and system |
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