CN102927451B - Method for detecting tiny leakage of oil transmission pipeline - Google Patents
Method for detecting tiny leakage of oil transmission pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN102927451B CN102927451B CN201110402320.6A CN201110402320A CN102927451B CN 102927451 B CN102927451 B CN 102927451B CN 201110402320 A CN201110402320 A CN 201110402320A CN 102927451 B CN102927451 B CN 102927451B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the tiny leakage of an oil transmission pipeline. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a strong magnet at a mileage peg along a pipeline; transmitting a spherical inner detector into the pipeline at the head end of a pipe section to be detected, and getting the spherical inner detector back at the tail end of the pipe section to be detected; transmitting sound, accelerated speed, magnetism and time data which are recorded by a memory in the spherical inner detector to a computer; processing a magnetic signal, a sound signal and an accelerated speed signal respectively to obtain a relational graph of amplitude values and time of the signals; extracting a sound abnormal signal to determine the time when leakage points occur; and determining distance between the leakage points and a certain mileage peg according to the perimeter of the spherical inner detector and periodicity of the accelerated speed signal between the time of the leakage points and the time of a certain magnetic spike signal. The method has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, difficulty in blockage, convenience in use and accurate positioning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method.Belong to the pipeline leakage technology field of detecting.
Background technique
Develop rapidly along with pipeline industry, increasing of pipeline, manage the growth in age, the manufacturing deficiency of pipeline itself, constructional deficiency and corrosion and artificial destruction etc., pipeline accident occurs again and again, caused huge threat to people's life, property and living environment, therefore, the timely detection and diagnosing of pipe leakage has important practical significance.
At present, mainly contain two classes in the various pipeline leakage detection and location methods that occur both at home and abroad: a class is to detect the external detection method changed because of physical parameters such as flow that leakage causes, pressure, sound, and what in these class methods, application was more is the suction wave leak detecting.When line fracture occurs to leak, the transient negative pressure ripple that the leakage point abrupt pressure reduction produces is swum propagation along tube wall up and down by leak, utilize suction wave to pass through time difference and the velocity of propagation of suction wave in pipeline of upstream and downstream measuring point, can determine leak position, the data processing algorithms such as recycling correlation analysis, wavelet transformation, pattern recognition, accurately identified leakage precise positioning.For the accident release that is greater than 1.5% total discharge, the suction wave leak detecting is sensitive and accurate, but, because suction wave decay after long Distance Transmission of minute leakage generation is serious, pressure transmitter is insensitive to it, for minute leakage the method DeGrain, often occur failing to report.
Detection method in the another kind of pipe that is based on the technology such as magnetic flux, ultrasonic, eddy current, video recording, Inner Examination Technology on Pipeline is that the intelligent pig by non-destructive detecting device and data sampling and processing and storage system are housed moves in pipeline, complete the scanning step by step to body, reach the testing goal to defect size, position.Apply the Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device (magnetic flux pipeline pig) of the more leakage field technology that is based in these class methods, document " Yang Lijian. the research of intelligent Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device (J). non-destructive inspection, 2002, 24 (3): 100-102 " the detection device outward appearance described in is cylindric, length is at 1.5m～3m, two ends are rubber cups, leather cup is slightly larger than tested caliber, in whole detection device tube road, the thrust of oil is advanced, in the process of advancing at detection device, install inner electronic equipment and can record the Magnetic leakage flux of the pipe surface be magnetized, after detection completes, data analysis in storage is processed, can judge the corrosion in pipeline, the defects such as damage.The method detects accurately, and precision is higher, and shortcoming is need to change the in-pipeline detector of respective diameters while detecting the different-diameter pipeline, bulky, block and even damage having a big risk of pipeline, and testing cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the method has advantages of that low cost, micro-power consumption, detection sensitivity are high, accurate positioning, be difficult for stopping up and safe and convenient to use.
The present invention is realized by the following technical programs: a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the device that the method adopts is for detecting the spherical internal detector of Pipeline Leak, this spherical internal detector, comprise the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and aluminum enclosure, outside spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, it is polyurethane foam, offer cone shape hole on it, interface card, core circuit plate, power supply circuit board are set in housing; Electronic device is set on interface card, comprises the Mini USB interface and power on and the mechanical switch that cuts off the power supply, status indicator lamp; Be provided with arm processor on the core circuit plate, the electronic device be connected with this processor is: the IMU Inertial Measurement Unit, this Inertial Measurement Unit includes three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes, the A/D analog-digital converter, crystal oscillator, USB interface, sdram memory, NAND Flash storage, Micro SD storage card was wherein anti-aliasing low-pass filter, preamplifier and electret capacitor microphone successively before the A/D analog-digital converter; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with chargeable lithium cell and power module at power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by 8 core winding displacements and core circuit plate; Detect the method for oil transport pipeline tiny leakage, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1) the oil transport pipeline left and right sides below the pipeline kilometer stone arranged along the line arranges the strong magnet that the N utmost point, S are extremely relative, and the every group of strong magnet arranged is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
k, k is the number that gauge point is set, the corresponding relation of strong magnet and each numbering kilometer stone respectively numbered in record;
2) spherical internal detector of first-class electricity is put into to the wiper service cylinder of pipeline section head end to be detected, according to the service of wiper service flow process, spherical internal detector is transmitted in pipeline, under the promotion of spherical internal detector oil product in pipe, roll, in rolling process, at synchronization, start, the sound signal along the line by the electret capacitor microphone collection of spherical internal detector, gather by accelerometer the acceleration signal that spherical internal detector rolls, gather its magnetic signal on every side in the spherical internal detector rolling process by magnetometer, by the time chip recording time information, the above-mentioned four kinds of information that collect are stored in Micro SD storage,
3) according to draw flow velocity and the duct length of oil product in pipeline, calculate that spherical internal detector arrives the time of oil transport pipeline end to be detected, when being located at ball on pipe end ball collecting chamber to be detected by indicator, by the wiper ball collecting chamber, reclaim this spherical internal detector when spherical internal detector;
4) open the sealing head of the spherical internal detector of recovery, connect Mini USB interface and the computer on spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board by the USB cable, sound, acceleration, magnetic and time data that in the transmission spherical internal detector, Micro SD storage records;
5) data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect, determine leakage point and the position thereof of oil transport pipeline, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) magnetic signal is carried out to filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of magnetic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein at strong magnet place magnetic signal, appear spike suddenly, each Rush Hour is designated as respectively T
0, T
1, T
2... ..T
n, the time difference of adjacent two Rush Hours means the distance of adjacent two kilometer stones.
(2) sound signal is carried out to filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, Analysis deterrmination leaks the cacophonia signal caused, described cacophonia signal is the peak amplitude sound signal of appearing suddenly in sound signal stably, extract the corresponding time point of this cacophonia signal, and it is numbered, be respectively t
0, t
1, t
2... ..t
m, the number that m is the cacophonia signal that detects, contrast acoustic signal and time chart and magnetic signal and time chart, determine certain cacophonia signal moment t
ibe positioned at any two magnetic blips T constantly
j, T
sbetween, and determine this cacophonia signal t constantly
iwith magnetic blip moment T
jor T
sthe magnetic blip moment that time difference is less;
(3) the three-dimensional acceleration signal being carried out to filtering, noise reduction and vector synthesizes, obtain the amplitude of resultant acceleration signal and the graph of a relation of time, synthetic acceleration signal presents periodic variation, the corresponding spherical internal detector of the one-period of acceleration signal rolls one week in pipeline, calculates cacophonia signal t constantly
iwith T
j, T
sthe periodicity T of the acceleration signal of a magnetic blip between the moment that the time difference is less, the girth S of known spherical internal detector, can determine this cacophonia signal t according to formula X=TS
iapart from certain magnet gauge point M
jor M
sdistance, be also certain leakage point and magnet gauge point M
jor M
sdistance X between corresponding mileage pile No..
Advantage of the present invention: in the process that the spherical internal detector that this method adopts rolls in pipeline, the sound transducer arranged in it with leak the sound source near distance, but therefore sensing minute leakage acoustic signal, detection sensitivity is high; The internal detector adopted due to this method is the spherical structure that external diameter is less than internal diameter of the pipeline, makes this device be difficult for occurring the phenomenon of blocking in detecting pipeline; The kilometer stone place that this method adopts arranges strong magnet and serves as a mark and a little carry out auxiliary positioning, easy to use, accurate positioning; In this method, utilize existing wiper transceiver, emission that can be easily and fast with receive the spherical internal detector adopted in this method.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is spherical internal detector of the present invention.
The internal circuit configuration block diagram that Fig. 2 is spherical internal detector of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that utilizes the emission of wiper receiving ball tube, reclaims spherical internal detector.
The schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is spherical internal detector oil transport pipeline cross section while being rolled under kilometer stone.
In figure: 1-service cylinder fast-opening blind; 2-serve a ball the cylinder; The 3-spherical internal detector; 4-head end branch line valve; 5-head end main valve; 6-head end sphere-lok; 7-pipeline kilometer stone; The 8-strong magnet; The 9-leakage point; 10-end main valve; 11-end branch line valve; The 12-end is received ball valve; The 13-ball passes through indicator; The 14-ball collecting chamber; 15-ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind; The 16-oil transport pipeline; Oil product in the 17-pipeline.
The magnetic marking signal schematic diagram of Fig. 5 for collecting in theory.
The leakage acoustic signal schematic diagram of Fig. 6 for collecting in theory.
The acceleration periodic signal schematic diagram of Fig. 7 for collecting in theory.
Fig. 8 is the magnetic marking signal that the embodiment of the present invention collects.
Fig. 9 is the leakage acoustic signal that the embodiment of the present invention collects.
Figure 10 is the acceleration periodic signal that the embodiment of the present invention collects.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with certain site test and accompanying drawing, oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method of the present invention is described further.
The present invention uses the spherical internal detector that detects Pipeline Leak as detection device, and this spherical internal detector comprises the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and aluminum enclosure, aluminium spherical shell external diameter Φ 100mm, and wall thickness 8mm, design withstand voltage >=5MPa; Outside spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, be polyurethane foam, this foam layer thickness is 30mm, offers 8 up big and down small cone shape holes on it; Interface card, core circuit plate and power supply circuit board are set in spherical shell, are provided with the Mini USB interface on interface card, control powers on and mechanical switch and polychrome status indicator lamp are stirred in outage; Be provided with arm processor S3C2440 on the core circuit plate, the electronic device be connected with this processor is: IMU Inertial Measurement Unit ADIS16405, and this Inertial Measurement Unit includes three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes; A/D analog-digital converter AD7934-6, the setting sample rate is 44.1KHz; The 12MHz crystal oscillator; The Mini USB interface; Sdram memory MT48LC16M16A2, capacity is 64Mbit; NAND Flash storage K9F2G08U0A, capacity is 256MB; Micro SD storage card, capacity is 4GB; Wherein before the A/D analog-digital converter successively: anti-aliasing low-pass filter MAX7424, cutoff frequency is made as 22KHz; Preamplifier MAX9814, have the gain that automatic gain is controlled (AGC) and maximum 60dB; Electret capacitor microphone WM-61B, this transducer sensitivity is-35dB that Hz-KHz is 20～20KHz; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with the chargeable lithium cell of 9.8Ah capacity and the power module of responsible voltage transformation on power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by the core circuit plate in 8 core winding displacements and another hemisphere aluminum hull.
Utilize the leakage detection test pipeline of above-mentioned spherical internal detector in Langfang PetroChina Company Limited. pipeline science and technology research center to carry out repeatedly simulated leakage and detect test, this test pipe whole audience 2.5Km, internal diameter of the pipeline 168mm, aqueous medium, at pipeline first and last end, the receipts for emission and reception wiper are installed, the service cylinder, described wiper (pig) is to advance under the promotion of fed sheet of a media in pipeline, instrument for clean tube wall and monitoring pipeline internal state, at distance initial point 500m, 1000m, 1500m, the 2000m place is provided with 4 seat valve wells, flow control valve is arranged in valve pit, for simulated leakage, at distance initial point 100m, 280m, 460m ... 2080, 2260m, the 2440m place is provided with 14 kilometer stones, numbering is respectively 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# etc.The step of certain Leak testtion simulation test of carrying out at this test pipe is as follows:
1) as shown in Figure 4, before the Leak testtion simulation test, the pipeline left and right sides below 14 kilometer stones arranges two strong magnets 8 that the N utmost point, S are extremely relative, and the every group of magnet arranged is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
14;
2) Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that utilizes the emission of wiper receiving ball tube, reclaims above-mentioned spherical internal detector.Under normal circumstances, fed sheet of a media flows to downstream by head end main valve 5 and end main valve 10 via the end main line from upstream via the head end main line, and head end branch line valve 4, end branch line valve 11, head end sphere-lok 6, end are received ball valve 12 all in closed condition; During service: open service cylinder fast-opening blind 1, the spherical internal detector of first-class electricity 3 is pushed in service cylinder 2 and holds out against, close fast-opening blind, open head end branch line valve, the pressure at balance head end sphere-lok two ends, close the head end main valve after opening the head end sphere-lok, under the promotion of this spherical internal detector liquid in pipeline, start to roll, writing down the now time is 16:49, at this constantly, and by electret capacitor microphone, accelerometer, the magnetometer while image data signal of spherical internal detector; After having served a ball, open the head end main valve, close head end branch line valve and head end sphere-lok; In the operation of serving a ball, in the 1# valve pit of distance initial point 500m, open the flow control valve simulated leakage, the actual measurement leakage rate is 1L/min;
3) show that according to the head end flowmeter instantaneous flow is 146.6m
3/ h, flow velocity is 1.83m/s, the time that calculates this spherical internal detector arrival end is about 17:11, when 17:05, prepare to receive ball at pipe end, open in order end and receive ball valve 15, end branch line valve 14, end main valve 13 is partly or entirely closed, treat that ball detects ball by indicator 13 and passes through signal, show that this spherical internal detector has entered ball collecting chamber 14, the time of writing down now is 17:10, open end main valve 10, close end and receive ball valve 12 and end branch line valve 11, open ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind 15, take out above-mentioned spherical internal detector, close the ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind,
4) connect Mini USB interface and the computer on spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board by the USB cable, in the transmission spherical internal detector, the data of Micro SD card recorded are to computer, the data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect, determine the position of leakage point, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) voice data electret capacitor microphone collected carries out the processing such as filtering, denoising, normalization, obtain the amplitude of normalized acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein at 295s～302s, in the time period, find to leak the cacophonia signal, as shown in Figure 9, whole process acoustic signal amplitude presents fusiformis and changes, and as can be seen from the figure the maximum of points of fusiformis leakage signal appears near the 298s place;
(2) magnetic signal magnetometer collected divides filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the graph of a relation of magnetic signal intensity and time, the intercepting starting point obtains Fig. 8 to the magnetic signal between 530s, as can be seen from the figure, 5 spike magnetic anomaly signals appear in this segment signal, these 5 magnetic anomaly signals are the magnetic gauge point at corresponding 1#～5# kilometer stone place respectively, as can be seen from the figure, appear near the leakage acoustic signal of 298s between 3# and 4# magnetic anomaly signal, be also between 3# and 4# kilometer stone, with near leakage acoustic signal time gap 298s nearer be 3# magnetic anomaly signal, this magnetic anomaly signal appears at 275s,
(3) acceleration signal accelerometer collected carries out filtering, noise reduction, vector is synthetic, obtain synthetic acceleration signal on amplitude with the graph of a relation of time, acceleration information between intercepting 275s～298s obtains Figure 10, can find out in figure that synthetic acceleration information presents periodic variation, extract the peak point in this section acceleration information, to count be also that periodicity T is 107 to this section acceleration information peak value as calculated, known spherical internal detector girth S is 0.408m, simulated leakage point is apart from the distance X=ST=43.656m of 3# kilometer stone, known 3# kilometer stone is apart from pipeline initial point 460m, this simulated leakage point is 503.656m apart from the pipeline initial point so, and actual 1# valve pit leakage point is 500m apart from the pipeline initial point, relative error is within 1%, and the minute leakage for 1L/min (account for total leakage rate 0.04%) in this test is more responsive, the method has improved sensitivity and positioning precision that Pipeline Leak detects greatly.
Claims (1)
1. an oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the device that the method adopts is for detecting the spherical internal detector of Pipeline Leak, this spherical internal detector, comprise the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and aluminum enclosure, outside spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, it is polyurethane foam, offer cone shape hole on it, interface card, core circuit plate, power supply circuit board are set in housing; Electronic device is set on interface card, comprises the Mini USB interface and power on and the mechanical switch that cuts off the power supply, status indicator lamp; Be provided with arm processor on the core circuit plate, the electronic device be connected with this processor is: the IMU Inertial Measurement Unit, this Inertial Measurement Unit includes three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes, the A/D analog-digital converter, crystal oscillator, USB interface, sdram memory, NAND Flash storage, Micro SD storage was wherein anti-aliasing low-pass filter, preamplifier and electret capacitor microphone successively before the A/D analog-digital converter; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with chargeable lithium cell and power module at power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by 8 core winding displacements and core circuit plate; Detect the method for oil transport pipeline tiny leakage, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1) the oil transport pipeline left and right sides below the pipeline kilometer stone arranged along the line arranges the strong magnet that the N utmost point, S are extremely relative, and the every group of strong magnet arranged is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
k, k is the number that gauge point is set, the corresponding relation of strong magnet and each numbering kilometer stone respectively numbered in record;
2) spherical internal detector of first-class electricity is put into to the wiper service cylinder of pipeline section head end to be detected, according to the service of wiper service flow process, spherical internal detector is transmitted in pipeline, under the promotion of spherical internal detector oil product in pipe, roll, in rolling process, at synchronization, start, the sound signal along the line by the electret capacitor microphone collection of spherical internal detector, gather by accelerometer the acceleration signal that spherical internal detector rolls, gather its magnetic signal on every side in the spherical internal detector rolling process by magnetometer, by the time chip recording time information, the above-mentioned four kinds of information that collect are stored in Micro SD storage,
3) according to mean velocity and the duct length of oil product in pipeline, calculate that spherical internal detector arrives the time of oil transport pipeline end to be detected, when being located at ball on pipe end ball collecting chamber to be detected by indicator, by the wiper ball collecting chamber, reclaim this spherical internal detector when spherical internal detector;
4) open the sealing head of the spherical internal detector of recovery, connect Mini USB interface and the computer on spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board by the USB cable, sound, acceleration, magnetic and time data that in the transmission spherical internal detector, Micro SD storage records;
5) data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect, determine leakage point and the position thereof of oil transport pipeline, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) magnetic signal is carried out to filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of magnetic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein at strong magnet place magnetic signal, appear spike suddenly, each Rush Hour is designated as respectively T
0, T
1, T
2... ..T
n, the time difference of adjacent two Rush Hours means the distance of adjacent two kilometer stones;
(2) sound signal is carried out to filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, Analysis deterrmination leaks the cacophonia signal caused, described cacophonia signal is the peak amplitude sound signal of appearing suddenly in sound signal stably, extract the corresponding time point of this cacophonia signal, and it is numbered, be respectively t
0, t
1, t
2... ..t
m, the number that m is the cacophonia signal that detects, contrast acoustic signal and time chart and magnetic signal and time chart, determine certain cacophonia signal moment t
ibe positioned at any two magnetic blips T constantly
j, T
sbetween, and determine this cacophonia signal t constantly
iwith magnetic blip moment T
jor T
sthe magnetic blip moment that time difference is less;
(3) the three-dimensional acceleration signal being carried out to filtering, noise reduction and vector synthesizes, obtain the amplitude of resultant acceleration signal and the graph of a relation of time, synthetic acceleration signal presents periodic variation, the corresponding spherical internal detector of the one-period of acceleration signal rolls one week in pipeline, calculates cacophonia signal t constantly
iwith T
j, T
sthe periodicity T of the acceleration signal of a magnetic blip between the moment that the time difference is less, the girth S of known spherical internal detector, can determine this cacophonia signal t according to formula X=TS
iapart from certain magnet gauge point M
jor M
sdistance, be also certain leakage point and magnet gauge point M
jor M
sdistance X between corresponding mileage pile No..
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| CN102927451B true CN102927451B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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