CN102927451A - Method for detecting tiny leakage of oil transmission pipeline - Google Patents
Method for detecting tiny leakage of oil transmission pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN102927451A CN102927451A CN2011104023206A CN201110402320A CN102927451A CN 102927451 A CN102927451 A CN 102927451A CN 2011104023206 A CN2011104023206 A CN 2011104023206A CN 201110402320 A CN201110402320 A CN 201110402320A CN 102927451 A CN102927451 A CN 102927451A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the tiny leakage of an oil transmission pipeline. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a strong magnet at a mileage peg along a pipeline; transmitting a spherical inner detector into the pipeline at the head end of a pipe section to be detected, and getting the spherical inner detector back at the tail end of the pipe section to be detected; transmitting sound, accelerated speed, magnetism and time data which are recorded by a memory in the spherical inner detector to a computer; processing a magnetic signal, a sound signal and an accelerated speed signal respectively to obtain a relational graph of amplitude values and time of the signals; extracting a sound abnormal signal to determine the time when leakage points occur; and determining distance between the leakage points and a certain mileage peg according to the perimeter of the spherical inner detector and periodicity of the accelerated speed signal between the time of the leakage points and the time of a certain magnetic spike signal. The method has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, difficulty in blockage, convenience in use and accurate positioning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method.Belong to the pipeline leakage technology field of detecting.
Background technique
Develop rapidly along with pipeline industry, increasing of pipeline, manage the growth in age, the manufacturing deficiency of pipeline itself, constructional deficiency and corrosion and artificial destruction etc., pipeline accident occurs again and again, caused huge threat for people's life, property and living environment, therefore, the timely detection and diagnosing of pipe leakage has important practical significance.
At present, mainly contain two classes in the various pipeline leakage detection and location methods that occur both at home and abroad: a class is to detect the external detection method that changes because of physical parameters such as flow that leakage causes, pressure, sound, and using more in these class methods is the suction wave leak detecting.When line fracture occurs to leak, the transient negative pressure ripple that the leakage point abrupt pressure reduction produces is swum propagation along tube wall up and down by leak, utilize suction wave to pass through time difference and the velocity of propagation of suction wave in pipeline of upstream and downstream measuring point, can determine the leak position, the data processing algorithms such as recycling correlation analysis, wavelet transformation, pattern recognition, accurately identified leakage and precise positioning.For the accident release greater than 1.5% total discharge, the suction wave leak detecting is sensitive and accurate, but because the suction wave that minute leakage produces decay after long Distance Transmission is serious, pressure transmitter is insensitive to it, for minute leakage the method DeGrain, often occur failing to report.
Detection method in the another kind of pipe that is based on the technology such as magnetic flux, ultrasonic, eddy current, video recording, Inner Examination Technology on Pipeline is to move in pipeline by the intelligent pig that non-destructive detecting device and data sampling and processing and storage system are housed, finish the step by step scanning to body, reach the testing goal to defect size, position.Use the Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device (magnetic flux pipeline pig) of the more leakage field technology that is based in these class methods, document " Yang Lijian. the research of intelligent Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device (J). non-destructive inspection; 2002; 24 (3): 100-102 " described in the detection device outward appearance be cylindric, length is at 1.5m～3m, two ends are rubber cups, leather cup is slightly larger than tested caliber, the thrust of oil is advanced in the whole detection device tube road, in the process that detection device is advanced, the inner electronic equipment of device can record the Magnetic leakage flux of the pipe surface that is magnetized, after detection is finished data analysis in the storage is processed, can be judged the corrosion in the pipeline, the defectives such as damage.The method detects accurately, and precision is higher, and shortcoming is to change the in-pipeline detector of respective diameters when detecting the different-diameter pipeline, and is bulky, block even damage having a big risk of pipeline, and testing cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the method has low cost, little power consumption, detection sensitivity height, accurate positioning, is difficult for stopping up and advantage safe and convenient to use.
The present invention is realized by the following technical programs: a kind of oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the device that the method adopts is for detecting the spherical internal detector of Pipeline Leak, this spherical internal detector, comprise the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and the aluminum enclosure, polyurethane foam outside the spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, offer cone shape hole on it, interface card, core circuit plate, power supply circuit board are set in the housing; At interface card electronic device is set, comprises the Mini USB interface and power on and the mechanical switch that cuts off the power supply, status indicator lamp; Be provided with arm processor at the core circuit plate, the electronic device that is connected with this processor is: the IMU Inertial Measurement Unit, this Inertial Measurement Unit includes three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes, the A/D analog-digital converter, crystal oscillator, USB interface, sdram memory, NAND Flash storage, Micro SD storage card wherein was anti-aliasing low-pass filter, preamplifier and electret capacitor microphone successively before the A/D analog-digital converter; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with chargeable lithium cell and power module at power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by 8 core winding displacements and core circuit plate; Detect the method for oil transport pipeline tiny leakage, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1) the oil transport pipeline left and right sides below the pipeline kilometer stone that arranges along the line arranges the extremely relative strong magnet of the N utmost point, S, and the every group of strong magnet that arranges is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
k, k is the number that gauge point is set, the corresponding relation of strong magnet and each numbering kilometer stone respectively numbered in record;
2) spherical internal detector of first-class electricity is put into the wiper service cylinder of pipeline section head end to be detected, according to the service of wiper service flow process, spherical internal detector is transmitted in the pipeline, roll under the promotion of spherical internal detector oil product in pipe, in rolling process, begin at synchronization, by the electret capacitor microphone collection of spherical internal detector sound signal along the line, gather the acceleration signal that spherical internal detector rolls by accelerometer, gather its magnetic signal on every side in the spherical internal detector rolling process by magnetometer, by the time chip recording time information, the above-mentioned four kinds of information that collect are stored in the Micro SD storage;
3) according to draw flow velocity and the duct length of oil product in the pipeline, calculate that spherical internal detector arrives the time of oil transport pipeline end to be detected, when spherical internal detector by being located at ball on the pipe end ball collecting chamber to be detected when the indicator, reclaim this spherical internal detector by the wiper ball collecting chamber;
4) open the sealing head of the spherical internal detector of recovery, by Mini USB interface and the computer on the USB cable connection spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board, Micro SD storage records in the transmission spherical internal detector sound, acceleration, magnetic and time data;
5) data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect are determined leakage point and the position thereof of oil transport pipeline, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) magnetic signal is carried out filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of magnetic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein appear spike suddenly at strong magnet place magnetic signal, each Rush Hour is designated as respectively T
0, T
1, T
2... ..T
n, the time difference of adjacent two Rush Hours represents the distance of adjacent two kilometer stones.
(2) sound signal is carried out filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, Analysis deterrmination leaks the cacophonia signal that causes, described cacophonia signal is the peak amplitude sound signal of appearing suddenly in sound signal stably, extract the corresponding time point of this cacophonia signal, and it is numbered, be respectively t
0, t
1, t
2... ..t
m, m is the number of the cacophonia signal that detects, contrast acoustic signal and time chart and magnetic signal and time chart are determined certain cacophonia signal moment t
iBe positioned at constantly T of any two magnetic blips
j, T
sBetween, and determine constantly t of this cacophonia signal
iWith magnetic blip moment T
jOr T
sThe magnetic blip moment that time difference is less;
(3) the three-dimensional acceleration signal being carried out filtering, noise reduction and vector synthesizes, obtain the amplitude of resultant acceleration signal and the graph of a relation of time, synthetic acceleration signal presents periodic variation, the corresponding spherical internal detector of the one-period of acceleration signal rolls a week in pipeline, calculates constantly t of cacophonia signal
iWith T
j, T
sThe periodicity T of the acceleration signal of a magnetic blip between the moment that the time difference is less, the girth S of known spherical internal detector can determine this cacophonia signal t according to formula X=TS
iApart from certain magnet gauge point M
jOr M
sDistance, also be certain leakage point and magnet gauge point M
jOr M
sDistance X between the corresponding mileage pile No..
Advantage of the present invention: in the process that the spherical internal detector that this method adopts rolls in pipeline, the sound transducer that arranges in it with leak the sound source near distance, but therefore sensing minute leakage acoustic signal, detection sensitivity is high; Because the internal detector that this method adopts is that external diameter is less than the spherical structure of internal diameter of the pipeline, so that this device is difficult for occuring the phenomenon of blocking in detecting pipeline; The kilometer stone place that this method adopts arranges strong magnet and serves as a mark and a little carry out auxiliary positioning, and is easy to use, accurate positioning; In this method, utilize existing wiper transceiver, emission that can be easily and fast with receive the spherical internal detector that adopts in this method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of spherical internal detector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the internal circuit configuration block diagram of spherical internal detector of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic representation that utilizes the emission of wiper receiving ball tube, reclaims spherical internal detector.
Fig. 4 is the schematic representation of spherical internal detector oil transport pipeline cross section when being rolled under the kilometer stone.
Among the figure: 1-service cylinder fast-opening blind; 2-serve a ball the cylinder; The 3-spherical internal detector; 4-head end branch line valve; 5-head end main valve; 6-head end sphere-lok; 7-pipeline kilometer stone; The 8-strong magnet; The 9-leakage point; The terminal main valve of 10-; The terminal branch line valve of 11-; The terminal ball valve of receiving of 12-; The 13-ball passes through indicator; The 14-ball collecting chamber; 15-ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind; The 16-oil transport pipeline; Oil product in the 17-pipeline.
The magnetic marking signal schematic representation of Fig. 5 for collecting in theory.
The leakage acoustic signal schematic representation of Fig. 6 for collecting in theory.
The acceleration periodic signal schematic representation of Fig. 7 for collecting in theory.
Fig. 8 is the magnetic marking signal that the embodiment of the invention collects.
Fig. 9 is the leakage acoustic signal that the embodiment of the invention collects.
Figure 10 is the acceleration periodic signal that the embodiment of the invention collects.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with certain site test and accompanying drawing oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method of the present invention is described further.
The present invention uses the spherical internal detector that detects Pipeline Leak as detection device, and this spherical internal detector comprises the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and the aluminum enclosure, aluminium spherical shell external diameter Φ 100mm, and wall thickness 8mm designs withstand voltage 〉=5MPa; Be polyurethane foam outside the spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, this foam layer thickness is 30mm, offers 8 up big and down small cone shape holes on it; Interface card, core circuit plate and power supply circuit board are set in spherical shell, are provided with the Mini USB interface at interface card, control powers on and mechanical switch and polychrome status indicator lamp are stirred in outage; Be provided with arm processor S3C2440 at the core circuit plate, the electronic device that is connected with this processor is: IMU Inertial Measurement Unit ADIS16405, this Inertial Measurement Unit include three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes; A/D analog-digital converter AD7934-6, the setting sample rate is 44.1KHz; The 12MHz crystal oscillator; The Mini USB interface; Sdram memory MT48LC16M16A2, capacity are 64Mbit; NAND Flash storage K9F2G08U0A, capacity is 256MB; Micro SD storage card, capacity are 4GB; Wherein before the A/D analog-digital converter be successively: anti-aliasing low-pass filter MAX7424, cutoff frequency is made as 22KHz; Preamplifier MAX9814 has the gain that automatic gain is controlled (AGC) and maximum 60dB; Electret capacitor microphone WM-61B, this transducer sensitivity is-35dB that Hz-KHz is 20～20KHz; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with the chargeable lithium cell of 9.8Ah capacity and the power module of responsible voltage transformation at power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by the core circuit plate in 8 core winding displacements and another hemisphere aluminum hull.
Utilize the leakage detection test pipeline of above-mentioned spherical internal detector in Langfang PetroChina Company Limited. pipeline science and technology research center to carry out repeatedly simulated leakage and detect test, this test pipe whole audience 2.5Km, internal diameter of the pipeline 168mm, aqueous medium, be equipped with for the receipts of launching and receive wiper at pipeline first and last end, the service cylinder, described wiper (pig) is to advance under the promotion of fed sheet of a media in pipeline, the instrument that is used for cleaning tube wall and monitoring pipeline internal state, at distance initial point 500m, 1000m, 1500m, the 2000m place is provided with 4 seat valve wells, flow control valve is arranged in the valve pit, be used for simulated leakage, at distance initial point 100m, 280m, 460m ... 2080,2260m, the 2440m place is provided with 14 kilometer stones, and numbering is respectively 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# etc.The step of certain Leak testtion simulation test of carrying out at this test pipe is as follows:
1) as shown in Figure 4, before the Leak testtion simulation test, the pipeline left and right sides below 14 kilometer stones arranges two extremely relative strong magnets 8 of the N utmost point, S, and the every group of magnet that arranges is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
14
2) Fig. 3 is the schematic representation that utilizes the emission of wiper receiving ball tube, reclaims above-mentioned spherical internal detector.Under normal circumstances, fed sheet of a media flows to downstream by head end main valve 5 and terminal main valve 10 via terminal main line from the upstream via the head end main line, and head end branch line valve 4, terminal branch line valve 11, head end sphere-lok 6, the terminal ball valve 12 of receiving all are in closed condition; During service: open service cylinder fast-opening blind 1, the spherical internal detector 3 of first-class electricity pushed in the service cylinder 2 hold out against, close fast-opening blind, open head end branch line valve, the pressure at balance head end sphere-lok two ends is closed the head end main valve after opening the head end sphere-lok, begin under the promotion of this spherical internal detector liquid in pipeline to roll, writing down time this moment is 16:49, at this constantly, and by electret capacitor microphone, accelerometer, the magnetometer while image data signal of spherical internal detector; After service is finished, open the head end main valve, close head end branch line valve and head end sphere-lok; In the operation of serving a ball, in the 1# valve pit of distance initial point 500m, open the flow control valve simulated leakage, the actual measurement leakage rate is 1L/min;
3) show that according to the head end flowmeter instantaneous flow is 146.6m
3/ h, then flow velocity is 1.83m/s, the time that calculates this spherical internal detector arrival end is about 17:11, when 17:05, prepare to receive ball at pipe end, open in order the terminal ball valve 15 of receiving, terminal branch line valve 14 is partly or entirely closed terminal main valve 13, treat that ball detects ball by indicator 13 and passes through signal, show that this spherical internal detector has entered ball collecting chamber 14, the time of writing down this moment is 17:10, opens terminal main valve 10, close terminal ball valve 12 and the terminal branch line valve 11 received, open ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind 15, take out above-mentioned spherical internal detector, close the ball collecting chamber fast-opening blind;
4) by Mini USB interface and computer on the USB cable connection spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board, the data of Micro SD card recorded are to computer in the transmission spherical internal detector, the data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect, determine the position of leakage point, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) voice data that electret capacitor microphone is collected carries out the processing such as filtering, denoising, normalization, obtain the amplitude of normalized acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein find to leak the cacophonia signal in the time period at 295s～302s, as shown in Figure 9, whole process acoustic signal amplitude presents fusiformis and changes, and as can be seen from the figure the maximum of points of fusiformis leakage signal appears near the 298s place;
(2) magnetic signal that magnetometer is collected divides filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the graph of a relation of magnetic signal intensity and time, the intercepting starting point obtains Fig. 8 to the magnetic signal between the 530s, as can be seen from the figure, 5 spike magnetic anomaly signals appear in this segment signal, these 5 magnetic anomaly signals are the magnetic gauge point at corresponding 1#～5# kilometer stone place respectively, as can be seen from the figure, appear near the leakage acoustic signal of 298s between 3# and 4# magnetic anomaly signal, also be between 3# and the 4# kilometer stone, with near the leakage acoustic signal time gap the 298s nearer be 3# magnetic anomaly signal, this magnetic anomaly signal appears at 275s;
(3) acceleration signal that accelerometer is collected carries out filtering, noise reduction, vector is synthetic, the acceleration signal that obtains synthesizing on amplitude with the graph of a relation of time, acceleration information between intercepting 275s～298s obtains Figure 10, can find out among the figure that synthetic acceleration information presents periodic variation, extract the peak point in this section acceleration information, to count also be that periodicity T is 107 to this section acceleration information peak value as calculated, known spherical internal detector girth S is 0.408m, then simulated leakage point is apart from the distance X=ST=43.656m of 3# kilometer stone, known 3# kilometer stone is apart from pipeline initial point 460m, this simulated leakage point is 503.656m apart from the pipeline initial point so, and actual 1# valve pit leakage point is 500m apart from the pipeline initial point, relative error is within 1%, and the minute leakage for 1L/min in this time test (account for total leakage rate 0.04%) is relatively more responsive, and the method has improved sensitivity and Location accuracy that Pipeline Leak detects greatly.
Claims (1)
1. oil transport pipeline tiny leakage detecting method, the device that the method adopts is for detecting the spherical internal detector of Pipeline Leak, this spherical internal detector, comprise the electronic equipment in spherical pressure-bearing aluminum enclosure and the aluminum enclosure, polyurethane foam outside the spherical pressure-bearing aluminum hull, offer cone shape hole on it, interface card, core circuit plate, power supply circuit board are set in the housing; At interface card electronic device is set, comprises the Mini USB interface and power on and the mechanical switch that cuts off the power supply, status indicator lamp; Be provided with arm processor at the core circuit plate, the electronic device that is connected with this processor is: the IMU Inertial Measurement Unit, this Inertial Measurement Unit includes three axis accelerometer, three axle magnetometer and three-axis gyroscopes, the A/D analog-digital converter, crystal oscillator, USB interface, sdram memory, NAND Flash storage, Micro SD storage card wherein was anti-aliasing low-pass filter, preamplifier and electret capacitor microphone successively before the A/D analog-digital converter; Interface card and core circuit plate are realized electrical connection by 6 core winding displacements; Be provided with chargeable lithium cell and power module at power supply circuit board; Power supply circuit board is realized electrical connection by 8 core winding displacements and core circuit plate; Detect the method for oil transport pipeline tiny leakage, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1) the oil transport pipeline left and right sides below the pipeline kilometer stone that arranges along the line arranges the extremely relative strong magnet of the N utmost point, S, and the every group of strong magnet that arranges is numbered, and is respectively M
0, M
1, M
2... M
k, k is the number that gauge point is set, the corresponding relation of strong magnet and each numbering kilometer stone respectively numbered in record;
2) spherical internal detector of first-class electricity is put into the wiper service cylinder of pipeline section head end to be detected, according to the service of wiper service flow process, spherical internal detector is transmitted in the pipeline, roll under the promotion of spherical internal detector oil product in pipe, in rolling process, begin at synchronization, by the electret capacitor microphone collection of spherical internal detector sound signal along the line, gather the acceleration signal that spherical internal detector rolls by accelerometer, gather its magnetic signal on every side in the spherical internal detector rolling process by magnetometer, by the time chip recording time information, the above-mentioned four kinds of information that collect are stored in the Micro SD storage;
3) according to draw flow velocity and the duct length of oil product in the pipeline, calculate that spherical internal detector arrives the time of oil transport pipeline end to be detected, when spherical internal detector by being located at ball on the pipe end ball collecting chamber to be detected when the indicator, reclaim this spherical internal detector by the wiper ball collecting chamber;
4) open the sealing head of the spherical internal detector of recovery, by Mini USB interface and the computer on the USB cable connection spherical internal detector inner joint circuit board, Micro SD storage records in the transmission spherical internal detector sound, acceleration, magnetic and time data;
5) data of utilizing the host computer procedure Treatment Analysis to collect are determined leakage point and the position thereof of oil transport pipeline, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) magnetic signal is carried out filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of magnetic signal and the graph of a relation of time, wherein appear spike suddenly at strong magnet place magnetic signal, each Rush Hour is designated as respectively T
0, T
1, T
2... ..T
n, the time difference of adjacent two Rush Hours represents the distance of adjacent two kilometer stones.
(2) sound signal is carried out filtering, noise reduction process, obtain the amplitude of acoustic signal and the graph of a relation of time, Analysis deterrmination leaks the cacophonia signal that causes, described cacophonia signal is the peak amplitude sound signal of appearing suddenly in sound signal stably, extract the corresponding time point of this cacophonia signal, and it is numbered, be respectively t
0, t
1, t
2... ..t
m, m is the number of the cacophonia signal that detects, contrast acoustic signal and time chart and magnetic signal and time chart are determined certain cacophonia signal moment t
iBe positioned at constantly T of any two magnetic blips
j, T
sBetween, and determine constantly t of this cacophonia signal
iWith magnetic blip moment T
jOr T
sThe magnetic blip moment that time difference is less;
(3) the three-dimensional acceleration signal being carried out filtering, noise reduction and vector synthesizes, obtain the amplitude of resultant acceleration signal and the graph of a relation of time, synthetic acceleration signal presents periodic variation, the corresponding spherical internal detector of the one-period of acceleration signal rolls a week in pipeline, calculates constantly t of cacophonia signal
iWith T
j, T
sThe periodicity T of the acceleration signal of a magnetic blip between the moment that the time difference is less, the girth S of known spherical internal detector can determine this cacophonia signal t according to formula X=TS
iApart from certain magnet gauge point M
jOr M
sDistance, also be certain leakage point and magnet gauge point M
jOr M
sDistance X between the corresponding mileage pile No..
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