CN105423411A - Temperature control device and temperature control method - Google Patents
Temperature control device and temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105423411A CN105423411A CN201511022755.2A CN201511022755A CN105423411A CN 105423411 A CN105423411 A CN 105423411A CN 201511022755 A CN201511022755 A CN 201511022755A CN 105423411 A CN105423411 A CN 105423411A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1048—Counting of energy consumption
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature control device and a temperature control method, and solves the technical problems that the conventional temperature control valve cannot be suitable for two kinds of heat-supply temperature-control energy-saving integrated systems, and cannot achieve high cost, high reliability and higher comfort at the same time. The temperature control device comprises a motor and a motor and an output shaft which are connected together, and further comprises a photoelectric sensor and a value full-closed sensor, wherein the photoelectric sensor comprises an encoding disc and an infrared double photoelectric cells; the encoding disc is connected with the output shaft; the valve full-closed sensor comprises a limiting press block and a micro switch; the limiting press block is connected with the output shaft. The temperature control device and the temperature control method can be widely applied to the field of centralized heat supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heating temperature control system, is a kind of attemperating unit and Temp. control method specifically.
Background technology
Central heating is the indispensable measure of north heating, building energy consumption accounts for larger proportion, and especially in the area that present air quality causes anxiety, heat supply heating is one of main arch-criminal of urban atmosphere haze, therefore, how realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction is the subject matter that country is concerned about.
In current central heating technical field, need to solve and how the problem of measuring Yu charging is carried out to the heating of user.According to " heat metering technical regulation " that country newly puts into effect, heat metering method is mainly divided into following four kinds: radiator heat distribution method, family calorimeter method, flow temperature method and make-and-break time area-method, in fact, sort out from the charge method of Thermal Corp, mainly contain and share charge and charging per heat two kinds.
Winter heating is a basic living demand of northern resident, and concerning huge numbers of families, terminal use is first it is of concern that the comfortableness of heat supply and the reasonability of charge.
Adopt the later development of electronic information technology, take into account the interests of country, company and individual three, through research and development in a few years and popularization, heating field most popular two kinds of major ways are at present defined, namely based on the heating energy temperature control integral system of make-and-break time lhare by area and the heating energy temperature control integral system based on calorimeter, these two kinds of systems complement each other, and are widely used.Due to the development of heat supply information system and energy-saving temperature-control integral system, northern China starts to take leave of traditional heating system, stride forward towards energy-saving and cost-reducing target, this general orientation meets the development strategy of country, both obtain the support of industry, have also been obtained acceptance and the accreditation of heating company and heating user.From the angle that terminal use uses, user is sitting in family, as operating air conditioner, control heating temperature; In the heating information management system of heat supply company in Office PC, the heating installation service condition of each user can be understood, also can intervene heating process according to payment situation.
But in the evolution heating information system management and heating temperature control integral system, also expose many problems.First problem is, based on the heating energy temperature control integral system of " make-and-break time lhare by area ", from past traditional coming according to living space charge differentiation, user is acceptant, and cost of equipment is also low, but in such systems, due to employing is on-off type working method, be easy to the big ups and downs of the pressure caused in hot duct, the equipment life of influential system, the Thermal comfort of terminal use is also very poor.Based on the heating energy temperature control integral system of calorimeter, although equipment investment is large, can not cause the big ups and downs of the pressure in hot duct, the Thermal comfort of terminal use might as well.When adopting the community based on the heating energy temperature control integral system of make-and-break time lhare by area, when being converted to the heating energy temperature control integral system better based on calorimeter, the hardware device of original system will be scrapped, reinstall new system, not only cost can be added, also will pay larger equipment Removal and mounting cost, also not having at present can the product of these two kinds of heating energy temperature control integral systems compatible.
Second Problem, these two kinds of systems are from the viewpoint of large, structure is the same, all belongs to three-level computer distributing system, i.e. the embedded control system of the host computer information management system of Thermal Corp, building or cell data acquisition processing system and point family valve and temperature.What be in the lowermost end of three-level system is the heating temperature control subsystem of each heating subscriber unit, and the key technique of this system is the control technology of temp .-control valve, at present, mainly adopts two kinds of valve-gating technology.
One is the on-off valve used in " make-and-break time area-method ".This valve adopts DC micromotor to drive common ball-valve structure, can realize simple standard-sized sheet, and full cut-off controls.Its advantage is that structure is simple, and cost is lower, good reliability.Its temperature control process is: when indoor temperature is lower than design temperature, the valve on resident family's thermal pipe just opened by control circuit, otherwise when indoor temperature is higher than design temperature, control circuit just cuts out the valve on resident family's thermal pipe.Obviously, this temperature control mode has two shortcomings: the Overlay that the frequent opening and closing of heating valve of all heating users in a building causes, and can impact the Hydraulic Circulation of heat distribution pipe network, and build-up of pressure is unstable, also can shorten the service life of valve; Because the inertia of temperature is very large, indoor temperature fluctuates along with the switch of valve, greatly reduces the temperature pleasant sense of resident family.
Another is the temperature-sensing valve used in " heat death theory temperature control integrated method ".This valve adopts micro-step motor, can according to design temperature controlling opening of valve, and temperature control effect is better.This mode has two shortcomings: one is that the rotating torque of micro-step motor is little, and cannot drive ordinary ball valve structure reliably, therefore must adopt Special valve structure, this provides for improved valve cost, reliability is low.Second, although the walking angle that the umber of pulse of stepper motor is corresponding certain, but principle or opened loop control, in the long-term work of valve, often occur losing step phenomenon, make the umber of pulse of stepper motor cannot be accurately corresponding with the aperture of valve, this just exacerbates the adjustment frequency of valve, shorten the service life of valve, also reduce reliability.
In addition, heating temperature-control energy-saving integral system, be a computerized information control and management system, whole for warm season, system is all in round-the-clock continuous duty, not which one malfunctions of guard system and obliterated data, making troubles to the charge of Thermal Corp in capital, makes troubles, because current existing valve control device does not generally all have heating data memory function also to the heating etc. of user, when system malfunctions, the heating historical data of heating user will be lost.
Known by analyzing above, there are three large subject matters in prior art, one is that temperature-sensing valve is from type of drive, two kinds of heating temperature-control energy-saving integral systems can not be taken into account simultaneously, two is that temperature-sensing valve can not take into account low cost, high reliability and better comfort level simultaneously, and three is that temperature-sensing valve does not possess heating data backup functionality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can not take into account two kinds of heating temperature-control energy-saving integral systems to solve existing temperature-sensing valve simultaneously, the technical problem of low cost, high reliability and better comfort level can not be taken into account simultaneously, there is provided one can take into account two kinds of heating temperature-control energy-saving integral systems simultaneously, have that cost is low, reliability is high, the better attemperating unit of comfort level and Temp. control method.
For solving the problem, thinking of the present invention is: hardware aspect, in the structure of general on-off valve, arranges two cover sensors, and one is valve full cut-off sensor, and one is photoelectric sensor; In software, adopt the PID of industrial automation to regulate algorithm, define the reponse system of an aperture and temperature double closed-loop; Control circuit board designs a user data memory.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, provides a kind of attemperating unit, comprises the motor and output shaft that link together, also comprises photoelectric sensor and valve full cut-off sensor; Photoelectric sensor is made up of pipe code-disc and infrared electro, and code-disc is connected with output shaft; Valve full cut-off sensor is made up of spacing briquetting and microswitch, and spacing briquetting is connected with output shaft.
Preferably, also comprise gear reduction unit and valve control device main control board, gear reduction unit is connected between motor and output shaft; Microswitch is connected with valve control device main control board, and infrared electro is connected with valve control device main control board pipe; Motor is connected with valve control device main control board.
Preferably, valve control device main control board comprises Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer, memory, MBUS interface circuit, valve control device power circuit, motor-drive circuit, power failure protection circuit and valve control device wireless module, and memory, MBUS interface circuit, valve control device power circuit, motor-drive circuit, power failure protection circuit are connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer respectively with valve control device wireless module;
Motor is electrically connected with motor-drive circuit, and the signal output part of microswitch is electrically connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer, and infrared electro is electrically connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer the output of pipe.
Preferably, motor is DC micromotor.
Preferably, also comprise temperature controller, temperature controller comprises temperature control single chip computer, setting button, liquid crystal display, temperature sensor, temperature controller power circuit and temperature controller wireless module, and setting button, liquid crystal display, temperature sensor, temperature controller power circuit are connected with temperature control single chip computer respectively with temperature controller wireless module.
The present invention also provides a kind of Temp. control method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, initializes;
Step 2, inquiry radio communication mark, when there being wireless receiving flag, receiving packet, checking byte of shaking hands, carrying out command decode and process;
Step 3, when the order received is temperature control order, first carries out School Affairs ID Address Recognition, then carries out successively asking temperature deviation, increment type PID computing, drive motors, after these work complete, also will reply temperature controller, represent that this temperature control terminates.
Preferably, increment type PID operational formula is:
△P(n)＝K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]
Wherein:
△ P (n) is that the increment type PID of n-th sampling exports expression formula;
K
pfor proportionality coefficient;
K
i=K
p* T/T
i, be integral coefficient;
K
d=K
p* T
d/ T is differential coefficient;
T is the sampling period;
E (n) is the temperature deviation of n-th sampling;
E (n-1) is the temperature deviation of (n-1)th sampling;
E (n-2) is the temperature deviation of the n-th-2 times samplings;
In △ P (n) counting subroutine, first to obtain temperature deviation e (n) of n-th time, refresh temperature deviation unit e (n), e (n-1), e (n-2) respectively, carry out Symbol processing; Then enter calculation procedure, with the method for subtotaling, call multiplication subroutine, point three steps are obtained:
K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]；
The part obtained and i.e. △ P (n), then convert single byte of data to;
Finally carrying out the judgement of control mode, when being operated in break-make control mode, will revise PID result of calculation; If △ P (n) is greater than zero, put valve opening value; If △ P (n) is less than zero, put pass threshold values; If △ P (n) equals zero, put constant mark;
When being operated in valve opening control mode, then directly preserve the result of calculation of △ P (n), the symbol in result determines the rotation direction of valve, and the absolute value in result determines the rotational angle of valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, attemperating unit of the present invention is that a kind of heat that is applicable to shares the dual purpose heat supply heating temperature control system with heat death theory, has taken into account the interests demand of country, heat supply company and heating user completely.User can according to outdoor climate temperature, the condition such as self to need, in line with energy-conservation economical principle, sets itself indoor temperature, and need not lowering the temperature by the stupid way opening door and window, has saved the energy, has met the energy-saving and emission-reduction requirement of country; When changing toll project, equipment investment need not be repeated again, for Thermal Corp has saved expense, substantially increasing temperature pleasant degree and the satisfaction of user.This device has that cost is low, reliability is high, the advantage that temperature pleasant degree is good.Be embodied in:
(1) when the toll project of whole computer heating information management system is changed between methodology and measurement Law, temperature control system need not the change of hardware, only by a software command, can need switch easily rapidly, decrease overlapping investment, save cost.
(2) valve location has been installed and valve opening two overlaps sensor, thus has achieved the closed loop PID feedback regulation of valve opening, reduced the action frequency of valve, greatly reduce the fluctuation of ductwork pressure, and make temperature control system cost low, good reliability.
(3) valve opening and indoor temperature double closed-loop PID feedback regulation principle is adopted, can anticipation to the trend of temperature, rapidly, accurately, temperature control is carried out stably, with minimum valve event, realize best temperature control effect and precision, make indoor temperature governing speed fast, precision is high, substantially increases temperature pleasant degree and the satisfaction of user.
(4) user heating data are recorded in mass storage, as the backup of system because breaking down during obliterated data.
Further aspect of the present invention and aspect, by the description of the detailed description of the invention below with reference to accompanying drawing, clearly recorded.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of attemperating unit;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of valve control device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of valve full cut-off sensor;
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of valve control device main control board;
Fig. 5 is the theory diagram of temperature controller;
Fig. 6 is double circle automatic control system schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the general flow chart of temperature control process;
Fig. 8 asks Δ P (n) arithmetic subroutine flow chart.
Symbol description in figure:
1. ball valve; 2. ball valve is rotationally connected axle; 3. valve control device; 4. temperature controller; 5. valve control device shell; 6. valve control device main control board; 7. DC micromotor; 8. gear reduction unit; 9. output shaft; 10. photoelectric sensor; 11. code-discs; 12. infrared electros are to pipe; 13. valve full cut-off sensors; 14. spacing briquettings; 15. microswitches; 16. Valve controlling single-chip microcomputers; 17. memories; 18.MBUS interface circuit; 19. valve control device power circuits; 20. direct current motor drive circuits; 21. power failure protection circuits; 22. valve control device wireless modules; 23. temperature control single chip computers; 24. setting buttons; 25. liquid crystal displays; 26. temperature sensors; 27. temperature controller power circuits; 28. temperature controller wireless modules; T represents design temperature, and t represents indoor temperature.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to accompanying drawing, with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, valve control device 3 is rotationally connected axle 2 by ball valve and is connected with the ball valve 1 be arranged on pipeline, and temperature controller 4 is connected with valve control device 3.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, valve control device 3 comprises valve control device shell 5, valve control device main control board 6, DC micromotor 7, gear reduction unit 8, output shaft 9, photoelectric sensor 10 and valve full cut-off sensor 13 is provided with in valve control device shell 5, gear reduction unit 8 is connected with DC micromotor 7, and output shaft 9 is connected with gear reduction unit 8.Photoelectric sensor 10 comprises code-disc 11 and infrared electro to pipe 12, and infrared electro to mate with code-disc 11 pipe 12 and combines, and code-disc 11 is connected with output shaft 9, and infrared electro is fixedly connected on valve control device main control board 6 pipe 12.Valve full cut-off sensor 13 comprises spacing briquetting 14 and microswitch 15, and spacing briquetting 14 is connected with output shaft 9.Microswitch 15 is fixed on gear reduction unit 8.
Photoelectric sensor 10 is used for measuring the angle that turns over of output shaft 9.Valve full cut-off sensor 13 is used for measuring ball valve 1 complete closure state, and namely microswitch 15 exports two switching signals.Valve full cut-off sensor 13 can measure ball valve 1 state in the closed position, also be the angle initial point of photoelectric sensor 10, by the cooperation between these two sensors, as long as know the pulse number that photoelectric sensor 10 feeds back relative to valve full cut-off sensor 13, what just energy was corresponding knows the angle that output shaft 9 rotates, thus achieves the closed loop feedback of angle position.
Ball valve is rotationally connected axle 2 and is connected with output shaft 9.Under the driving of DC micromotor 7, ball valve is rotationally connected axle 2 and turns an angle, and ball valve 1 can be made to open completely or close completely, and ball valve 1 also can be made to be opened to any one aperture.
As shown in Figure 4, valve control device main control board 6 comprises Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, memory 17, MBUS interface circuit 18, valve control device power circuit 19, direct current motor drive circuit 20, power failure protection circuit 21 and valve control device wireless module 22, memory 17 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, MBUS interface circuit 18 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, valve control device power circuit 19 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, direct current motor drive circuit 20 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, power failure protection circuit 21 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, valve control device wireless module 22 is connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16.
DC micromotor 7 is electrically connected with direct current motor drive circuit 20, and direct current motor drive circuit 20 is for driving DC micromotor 7 action.The signal output part of microswitch 15 is electrically connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16, and infrared electro is electrically connected with Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 output of pipe 12.
When code-disc 11 rotates along with output shaft 9, its grill portion carries out cutting movement to infrared electro to the optical axis between the transmitting tube of pipe 12 and receiving tube, thus obtains flip angle pulses signal, and flip angle pulses signal feedback is to Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16.
Memory 17 is serial high-capacity FLASH memories, can record and preserve the field evidence of valve control device 3, its operational data recorded amounts is minimum more than January, and take new data progressively to cover the refreshing mode of old data, when upper collecting computer is due to fault, when lost user heating data, Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 the user data of backup in memory 17, can be uploaded to upper collecting computer by MBUS interface circuit 18.Power failure protection circuit 21 has power measurement circuit; when system blackout time; supply voltage declines rapidly; power measurement circuit perceives this signal; and feed back to Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 in time, Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 according to the power down mode preset in advance, before stand-by power supply exhausts; control direct current motor drive circuit 20 and send instruction, to open ball valve 1, close ball valve 1 or ball valve 1 is opened to certain aperture.The data communication of Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 and host computer is responsible for by MBUS interface circuit 18.Valve control device wireless module 22 is responsible for the data communication between Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 and temperature controller 4.
The host computers such as a building data acquisition unit, by MBUS interface circuit 18, send break-make and control working method instruction, or aperture control working method instruction to Valve controlling single-chip microcomputers 16.
As shown in Figure 5, temperature controller 4 comprises temperature control single chip computer 23, setting button 24, liquid crystal display 25, temperature sensor 26, temperature controller power circuit 27 and temperature controller wireless module 28, setting button 24 is connected with temperature control single chip computer 23, liquid crystal display 25 is connected with temperature control single chip computer 23, temperature sensor 26 is connected with temperature control single chip computer 23, temperature controller power circuit 27 is connected with temperature control single chip computer 23, and temperature controller wireless module 28 is connected with temperature control single chip computer 23.Temperature sensor 26 is for the temperature in nernst cell.
As shown in Figure 6, temperature control single chip computer 23 control temperature sensor 26 timing sampling, thus gather indoor actual temperature, also to carry out judgement process to the temperature value obtained, try to achieve the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of indoor actual temperature.Then the temperature of user's setting, and the arithmetic average of the indoor actual temperature of trying to achieve is packed, and send to valve control device main control board 6 by temperature controller wireless module 28, the temperature control packet that valve control device main control board 6 transmits according to temperature controller 4, according to the working method that upper collecting computer sets, the aperture of ball valve 1 is controlled, its control mode is not simple break-make mode, neither simple aperture mode, but adopt software PID control algolithm, in the temperature that indoor temperature is stabilized in set by user quickly and accurately.
When system works controls working method in aperture, due to the effect of photoelectric sensor 10 and valve full cut-off sensor 13, in fact system has become a typical double circle automatic control system, namely inner ring is valve location closed-loop feedback control system, outer shroud is temperature closed loop feedback control system, this just substantially increases the control accuracy of valve location, reduces the requirement to the valve linearity.Temperature control effect aspect, as long as choose rational ratio, integration, differential coefficient, when heating user infrequently switch door and window (in fact majority of case is like this), the stability of temperature can be improved, accomplish the astatic effect of temperature, improve the Thermal comfort of heating user, decrease valve regulated number of times, also improve the reliability of system.
Design temperature T is heating user default preferred temperature on temperature controller 4, indoor temperature t is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the temperature of actual measurement, when the temperature control cycle arrives, temperature controller 4 can wake up from resting state, and the information package such as design temperature T and indoor temperature t are sent to valve control device 3, after valve control device 3 receives temperature control packet, first to obtain temperature deviation, then process in two kinds of situation:
The first situation, when temperature control system is operated in break-make control mode, although ball valve 1 is in break-make working method, but regulate owing to adopting PID temperature, by arranging the rational sampling period, ratio, integration, differential coefficient etc., can anticipation to the trend of temperature, rapidly, carry out temperature control exactly, with minimum valve on-off action, realize best temperature control effect, decrease the impact that general on-off type temperature-sensing valve causes due to frequent Switch Controller heat distribution pipe network, thus extend the service life of valve, improve the reliability of system, substantially increase the Thermal comfort of heating user.
The second situation, when temperature control system is operated in aperture control working method, be exactly a typical double circle automatic control system, namely inner ring is ball valve 1 position closed loop feedback control system, and outer shroud is temperature closed loop feedback control system.The room temperature output quantity of temperature ring, also be the final control object of system, temperature deviation value is after PID arithmetic, what obtain is ball valve 1 Angle-domain imaging amount, this amount is again the set-point of ball valve 1 position, it compares with the umber of pulse of photoelectric coding, just obtains the positional increment of DC micromotor 7, in this link, only carry out simple ratio control.After DC micromotor 7 drives ball valve 1 to rotate certain angle, this temperature control process terminates.If this time the angle position of valve is opened greatly than original position, will cause the increasing of hot water instantaneous delivery, the rising of heating room temperature, in the sampling period of next temperature control, this feedback quantity will increase, and temperature deviation will reduce; Otherwise if this time the angle position of valve is turned down than original position, will cause the minimizing of hot water instantaneous delivery, the reduction of heating room temperature, in the sampling period of next temperature control, this feedback quantity will reduce, and temperature deviation will increase.In PID arithmetic, as long as choose rational ratio, integration, differential coefficient, when heating user infrequently switch door and window (in fact daytime working and the time of having a rest in the evening, upper majority of case is like this), substantially increase the control accuracy of valve location, reduce the requirement to the valve linearity, in temperature control effect, the astatic effect of temperature can be accomplished, improve the Thermal comfort of heating user, decrease valve regulated number of times, also improve the reliability of system.
The general flow chart of temperature control process as shown in Figure 7, is the main program run in the Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer 16 of valve control device main control board 6, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, initializes, and comprises the setting of MBUS serial communication, and calendar clock RTC arranges and starts, and the initialization of wireless communication module, special element puts initial value, the detection etc. of valve initial position.
Step 2, inquiry radio communication mark, when there being wireless receiving flag, receives packet, checks byte of shaking hands, carries out command decode and process, and in the present embodiment, temperature control order byte of shaking hands is 12 bytes.
Step 3, when the order received is temperature control order, first carries out School Affairs ID Address Recognition, carry out successively again asking temperature deviation, asking the increment type PID algorithm of Δ P (n), drive motors, after these work complete, also to reply temperature controller 4, represent that this temperature control terminates.
The effect that PID regulates is, can integrate the characteristic of the rapidity of proportion adjustment and the elimination static error of integral adjustment, be that the static and dynamic c haracteristics of system all makes moderate progress.
Δ P (n) arithmetic subroutine as shown in Figure 8, formula is:
△P(n)＝K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]
Wherein:
△ P (n) is that the increment type PID of n-th sampling exports expression formula;
K
pfor proportionality coefficient;
K
i=K
p* T/T
i, be integral coefficient;
K
d=K
p* T
d/ T is differential coefficient.
T is the sampling period;
E (n) is the temperature deviation of n-th sampling;
E (n-1) is the temperature deviation of (n-1)th sampling;
E (n-2) is the temperature deviation of the n-th-2 times samplings.
In △ P (n) counting subroutine, first to obtain temperature deviation e (n) of n-th time, refresh temperature deviation unit e (n), e (n-1), e (n-2) respectively, carry out Symbol processing; Then enter calculation procedure, with the method for subtotaling, call multiplication subroutine, point three steps are obtained:
K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]；
The part obtained and i.e. △ P (n), then convert single byte of data to.
Finally carry out the judgement of control mode, when being operated in break-make control mode, will revise PID result of calculation, at this moment, the absolute value of PID result of calculation need not be considered, only need to carry out by-pass valve control according to the symbol of PID result of calculation.If △ P (n) is greater than zero, put valve opening value; If △ P (n) is less than zero, put pass threshold values; If △ P (n) equals zero, put constant mark.
When being operated in valve opening control mode, then directly preserve the result of calculation of △ P (n), the absolute value in result and symbol, all have effect to the control of valve, its symbol determines the rotation direction of valve, and absolute value determines the rotational angle of valve.
From increment type PID algorithm formula, no matter be break-make control mode or aperture formula control mode, adopt the adjustment each time of pid algorithm, this temperature deviation should be considered, also the temperature deviation of last time, upper last time will be considered, only consider the past history of temperature deviation, the variation tendency of ability look-ahead temperature, is described further for break-make control mode below.
Common on-off type algorithm, only considers this error, does not consider the history of error, so, when design temperature is greater than observed temperature, valve open; Otherwise, when design temperature is less than observed temperature, valve closing.Due to the inertial element that temperature is large, control like this to cause larger overshoot, make temperature fluctuation, valve frequent movement.And adopt the on-off type of pid algorithm to control, when design temperature is greater than observed temperature, valve is not necessarily opened, when finding that, in the sampling of upper twice, time temperature rises faster, not only valve can not be opened, and also can close, and namely closes in advance, to prevent overshoot; Otherwise when design temperature is less than observed temperature, valve is also not necessarily closed, when finding that in the sampling of upper twice, time temperature declines faster, not only valve can not be closed, and also can open, namely open in advance, to prevent overshoot.This phenomenon is the fundamental difference of common break-make control and the break-make control with pid algorithm, obviously, adding of pid algorithm, substantially improves temperature regulation effect, decreases valve event number of times, improve the reliability of system.
The above, only to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Every in claim limited range of the present invention, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an attemperating unit, comprises the motor and output shaft that link together, it is characterized in that, also comprises photoelectric sensor and valve full cut-off sensor; Described photoelectric sensor is made up of pipe code-disc and infrared electro, and described code-disc is connected with described output shaft; Described valve full cut-off sensor is made up of spacing briquetting and microswitch, and described spacing briquetting is connected with described output shaft.
2. attemperating unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise gear reduction unit and valve control device main control board, described gear reduction unit is connected between described motor and described output shaft; Described microswitch is connected with described valve control device main control board, and described infrared electro is connected with described valve control device main control board pipe; Described motor is connected with described valve control device main control board.
3. attemperating unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described valve control device main control board comprises Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer, memory, MBUS interface circuit, valve control device power circuit, motor-drive circuit, power failure protection circuit and valve control device wireless module, and described memory, MBUS interface circuit, valve control device power circuit, motor-drive circuit, power failure protection circuit are connected with described Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer respectively with valve control device wireless module;
Described motor is electrically connected with described motor-drive circuit, and the signal output part of described microswitch is electrically connected with described Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer, and described infrared electro is electrically connected with described Valve controlling single-chip microcomputer the output of pipe.
4. attemperating unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described motor is DC micromotor.
5. attemperating unit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, also comprise temperature controller, described temperature controller comprises temperature control single chip computer, setting button, liquid crystal display, temperature sensor, temperature controller power circuit and temperature controller wireless module, and described setting button, liquid crystal display, temperature sensor, temperature controller power circuit and temperature controller wireless module are connected with described temperature control single chip computer respectively.
6. apply a Temp. control method for attemperating unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, initializes;
Step 2, inquiry radio communication mark, when there being wireless receiving flag, receiving packet, checking byte of shaking hands, carrying out command decode and process;
Step 3, when the order received is temperature control order, first carries out School Affairs ID Address Recognition, then carries out successively asking temperature deviation, increment type PID computing, drive motors, after these work complete, also will reply temperature controller, represent that this temperature control terminates.
7. Temp. control method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described increment type PID operational formula is:
△P(n)＝K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]
Wherein:
△ P (n) is that the increment type PID of n-th sampling exports expression formula;
K
pfor proportionality coefficient;
K
i=K
p* T/T
i, be integral coefficient;
K
d=K
p* T
d/ T is differential coefficient;
T is the sampling period;
E (n) is the temperature deviation of n-th sampling;
E (n-1) is the temperature deviation of (n-1)th sampling;
E (n-2) is the temperature deviation of the n-th-2 times samplings;
In △ P (n) counting subroutine, first to obtain temperature deviation e (n) of n-th time, refresh temperature deviation unit e (n), e (n-1), e (n-2) respectively, carry out Symbol processing; Then enter calculation procedure, with the method for subtotaling, call multiplication subroutine, point three steps are obtained:
K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)；
K
p[e(n)-e(n-1)]+K
ie(n)+K
d[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)]；
The part obtained and i.e. △ P (n), then convert single byte of data to;
Finally carrying out the judgement of control mode, when being operated in break-make control mode, will revise PID result of calculation; If △ P (n) is greater than zero, put valve opening value; If △ P (n) is less than zero, put pass threshold values; If △ P (n) equals zero, put constant mark;
When being operated in valve opening control mode, then directly preserve the result of calculation of △ P (n), the symbol in result determines the rotation direction of valve, and the absolute value in result determines the rotational angle of valve.
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