CN105420588A - 汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法 - Google Patents

汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105420588A
CN105420588A CN201510735038.8A CN201510735038A CN105420588A CN 105420588 A CN105420588 A CN 105420588A CN 201510735038 A CN201510735038 A CN 201510735038A CN 105420588 A CN105420588 A CN 105420588A
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沈四海
沈军
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Hefei Haiyuan Machinery Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
    • C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/64—Carburising
    • C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，加工步骤包括：铸造杆料，控制杆料的各化学成分的重量百分比应满足下述要求：C2.27～2.44、Mo1.55～1.65、V0.15-0.25、W0.05-0.11、Si1.15～1.45、B0.01～0.04、P0.015～0.025、S≤0.025、Ni1.25～1.54、Cr1.65～1.95、Mn0.22～0.35、Ti0.25～0.35，余量为铁。本发明的汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，提高了螺栓的强度，达到了12.9高强度螺栓所需的硬度值、强度值，解决了高强度下螺栓的延迟断裂和疲劳断裂，在使用中连接可靠，不易折断，提高了螺栓寿命，满足了社会上各行业对高强度螺栓的使用需求。

Description

汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及螺栓加工领域，尤其是一种汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法。
背景技术
汽车车轮用紧固螺栓是机械行业中常用的紧固件，目前的加工方式一般为车削的成型，强度往往难以保证，有时在使用中产生掉头、杆部断裂等不安全现象，对工业生产危害很大。因此对高强度螺栓生产方法加以研究和改进，确保高强度螺栓的质量稳定性，对技术和经济的发展具有重要作用。此外，螺栓处于相对潮湿的环境中时，容易生锈腐蚀，最终导致断裂或裂纹，形成潜在的事故源。
鉴于此，有必要提供一种汽车车轮用紧固螺栓，生产更耐腐蚀的高强度螺栓。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免现有技术中的不足之处，而提供一种汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案如下：
汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，加工步骤包括：
a、铸造杆料，控制杆料的各化学成分的重量百分比应满足下述要求：C2.27～2.44、Mo1.55～1.65、V0.15-0.25、W0.05-0.11、Si1.15～1.45、B0.01～0.04、P0.015～0.025、S≤0.025、Ni1.25～1.54、Cr1.65～1.95、Mn0.22～0.35、Ti0.25～0.35，余量为铁；
b、将往复式辗牙机辗制成型的螺栓外螺纹在900-950℃下，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在330-350℃下进行回火，持续时间80-90分钟，将螺栓的光杆段在500-530℃下，用水性淬火液进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在600-650℃下进行回火，持续时间40-45分钟；
c、将热处理后的螺栓浸入温度为130-150℃的表面磷化处理液中处理14-15min，按重量份计由以下各原料组成：10-12份磷酸钙、11-13份硝酸锰、4-6份植酸、2.5-3.5份氟硼酸钠、1.8-2.5苯甲酸、0.8-1.2份硝酸镍、0.5-0.8份亚硝酸钡、0.3-0.5份三乙醇胺、2.5-3.5引发剂、0.7-1.2份表面活性剂、45-50份水；
d、最后进行渗碳处理，将渗碳剂送入回火炉内，在1000～1150℃温度范围内渗碳处理70～110min，所述的渗碳剂是将质量百分数为三氧化二镁细粉30～50Wt％、石墨粒10～30Wt％、碳酸氢盐30～50Wt％搅拌混合均匀后得到；
e、发黑处理，采用氧化性气体对螺栓进行发黑处理，控制温度380℃-450℃，时间65-70分钟，再进行清洗、风干，即得成品螺栓。
所述渗碳处理，将渗碳剂送入回火炉内，在1075℃温度范围内渗碳处理90min，所述的渗碳剂是将质量百分数为三氧化二镁细粉40Wt％、石墨粒20Wt％、碳酸氢盐40Wt％搅拌混合均匀后得到。
本发明的汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，提高了螺栓的强度，达到了12.9高强度螺栓所需的硬度值、强度值，解决了高强度下螺栓的延迟断裂和疲劳断裂，在使用中连接可靠，不易折断，提高了螺栓寿命，满足了社会上各行业对高强度螺栓的使用需求。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明细化了材质的整形加工工艺，使线材硬度适中，表面具有良好的磷化皮膜，润滑性能好，线材无氢脆，可塑性好；
2、本发明提高了高强度螺栓整体强度，螺栓精度高，质量好，生产效率高，无切削无废料，单位成本大大下降。得到了整体金属流向方向一致的螺栓，大大提高了其抗拉强度；
3、热处理工艺的发明突破了螺栓传统热处理的合金钢材的极限，其超强超韧性的特色已领先国内紧固件行业水平。
具体实施方式
结合以下实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，加工步骤包括：
a、铸造杆料，控制杆料的各化学成分的重量百分比应满足下述要求：C2.27～2.44、Mo1.55～1.65、V0.15-0.25、W0.05-0.11、Si1.15～1.45、B0.01～0.04、P0.015～0.025、S≤0.025、Ni1.25～1.54、Cr1.65～1.95、Mn0.22～0.35、Ti0.25～0.35，余量为铁；
b、将往复式辗牙机辗制成型的螺栓外螺纹在900-950℃下，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在330-350℃下进行回火，持续时间80-90分钟，将螺栓的光杆段在500-530℃下，用水性淬火液进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在600-650℃下进行回火，持续时间40-45分钟；
c、将热处理后的螺栓浸入温度为130-150℃的表面磷化处理液中处理14-15min，按重量份计由以下各原料组成：10-12份磷酸钙、11-13份硝酸锰、4-6份植酸、2.5-3.5份氟硼酸钠、1.8-2.5苯甲酸、0.8-1.2份硝酸镍、0.5-0.8份亚硝酸钡、0.3-0.5份三乙醇胺、2.5-3.5引发剂、0.7-1.2份表面活性剂、45-50份水；
d、最后进行渗碳处理，将渗碳剂送入回火炉内，在1075℃温度范围内渗碳处理90min，所述的渗碳剂是将质量百分数为三氧化二镁细粉40Wt％、石墨粒20Wt％、碳酸氢盐40Wt％搅拌混合均匀后得到；
e、发黑处理，采用氧化性气体对螺栓进行发黑处理，控制温度380℃-450℃，时间65-70分钟，再进行清洗、风干，即得成品螺栓。
根据本发明的汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法生产的螺栓，经过检测试验其机械性能数值如下，螺栓心部硬度达45-48HRC、抗拉强度达到1210Mpa，屈服强度达到1230Mpa，延伸率大于10%,断面收缩率大于35%,冲击韧性大于60J/cm2，综合机械性能比现有工艺制造出的螺栓高10-12%。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (2)

1.汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，其特征在于，加工步骤包括：
a、铸造杆料，控制杆料的各化学成分的重量百分比应满足下述要求：C2.27～2.44、Mo1.55～1.65、V0.15-0.25、W0.05-0.11、Si1.15～1.45、B0.01～0.04、P0.015～0.025、S≤0.025、Ni1.25～1.54、Cr1.65～1.95、Mn0.22～0.35、Ti0.25～0.35，余量为铁；
b、将往复式辗牙机辗制成型的螺栓外螺纹在900-950℃下，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在330-350℃下进行回火，持续时间80-90分钟，将螺栓的光杆段在500-530℃下，用水性淬火液进行淬火，再将淬火后的螺栓在600-650℃下进行回火，持续时间40-45分钟；
c、将热处理后的螺栓浸入温度为130-150℃的表面磷化处理液中处理14-15min，按重量份计由以下各原料组成：10-12份磷酸钙、11-13份硝酸锰、4-6份植酸、2.5-3.5份氟硼酸钠、1.8-2.5苯甲酸、0.8-1.2份硝酸镍、0.5-0.8份亚硝酸钡、0.3-0.5份三乙醇胺、2.5-3.5引发剂、0.7-1.2份表面活性剂、45-50份水；
d、最后进行渗碳处理，将渗碳剂送入回火炉内，在1000～1150℃温度范围内渗碳处理70～110min，所述的渗碳剂是将质量百分数为三氧化二镁细粉30～50Wt％、石墨粒10～30Wt％、碳酸氢盐30～50Wt％搅拌混合均匀后得到；
e、发黑处理，采用氧化性气体对螺栓进行发黑处理，控制温度380℃-450℃，时间65-70分钟，再进行清洗、风干，即得成品螺栓。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法，其特征在于：所述渗碳处理，将渗碳剂送入回火炉内，在1075℃温度范围内渗碳处理90min，所述的渗碳剂是将质量百分数为三氧化二镁细粉40Wt％、石墨粒20Wt％、碳酸氢盐40Wt％搅拌混合均匀后得到。
CN201510735038.8A 2015-11-03 2015-11-03 汽车轮毂固定螺栓制备方法 Pending CN105420588A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103088268A (zh) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 汽车车轮用紧固螺栓的制备方法
CN103084532A (zh) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 T形螺栓加工方法
CN104294251A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-21 合肥市华阳工程机械有限公司 一种齿轮表面处理磷化剂
CN104313561A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-28 合肥市华阳工程机械有限公司 一种建筑型材表面处理磷化剂

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103088268A (zh) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 汽车车轮用紧固螺栓的制备方法
CN103084532A (zh) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 T形螺栓加工方法
CN104294251A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-21 合肥市华阳工程机械有限公司 一种齿轮表面处理磷化剂
CN104313561A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-28 合肥市华阳工程机械有限公司 一种建筑型材表面处理磷化剂

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