CN105413023A - Needless injector - Google Patents
Needless injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105413023A CN105413023A CN201610000659.6A CN201610000659A CN105413023A CN 105413023 A CN105413023 A CN 105413023A CN 201610000659 A CN201610000659 A CN 201610000659A CN 105413023 A CN105413023 A CN 105413023A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- trigger
- piston
- housing
- button
- needleless injector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/30—Syringes for injection by jet action, without needle, e.g. for use with replaceable ampoules or carpules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/3129—Syringe barrels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31501—Means for blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M2005/3101—Leak prevention means for proximal end of syringes, i.e. syringe end opposite to needle mounting end
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/19—Constructional features of carpules, syringes or blisters
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a needless injector, comprising a housing. The horizontal direction of the housing is provided with an activation surface. The injection end of the housing is provided with an adapter. The housing is internally provided with a piston. One end of the piston, facing a trigger end, is provided with a lock catch. A compression spring is sleeved on the piston. The elastic force applied on the piston by the compression spring faces the injection end. The trigger end of the housing is rotatably connected with a trigger. The activation surface is provided with a button. The tail of the trigger is abutted against the tail of the button. The head of the trigger is provided with a clamping hook. When the piston is on an inactive position, the clamping hook is clamped and connected with the lock catch, and the compression spring is in a compressed state. When the piston is on an active position, the clamping hook separates from the lock catch, and the piston moves to the injection end. The button drives the trigger to rotate, so as to promote to separate the clamping hook and the lock catch. The needless injector uses the trigger to realize locking and releasing of the piston. The needless injector is simple in structure and is not easy to stick, and is high in reliability. Since the button is arranged on the tail end of the housing, a user can conveniently perform self-injection, and in injection, the injector and skin are vertical, thereby preventing leakage. Injection sound is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to syringe, particularly a kind of needleless injector.
Background technology
Needleless injection techniques does not pierce through the skin-communication medicine of object to experimenter.Compared with regular injection, some benefits of needleless injector comprise: the risk of acupuncture accident reduces; Reuse the harm that spreads disease that syringe needle causes to be eliminated; Reduce hemorrhage or injury with blood-stasis; Faster, can repeat administration; Prevent experimenter frightened to pin; And be more suitable for self-injection.
According to its specification, Needleless injection device can be suitable for subcutaneous, and percutaneous or intramuscular use, such as:
A kind of spring driven needlefree injection syringe is disclosed in PCT patent application WO2012/154025.Spring and piston head, be slidably received within the handle of described ejector, and wherein two are associated." upon compression, spring is positioned in the open end of the device on handle, and relative opening is connected to needleless injector and keeps the plunger end of fluid to be injected into.The opening being pivotally mounted to this device by the retainer of trigger is replaced to keep near handle by the spring compressed.Move described trigger stop from piston head when triggering starts, be stored in spring powered driven plunger head depression of plunger and force to enter the skin of examinee from fluid nozzle.One back-moving spring returns and is triggered to non-actuated position.
Many existing needleless injectors have important restriction.Such as, the triggering being placed in ejection side may be not easy to self-injection, is difficult to the skin of syringe perpendicular to user because it may be user, and keeps stable.When syringe is not by vertical to skin safely, just cause leakage in possibility failure or injection process.In addition, the spring force of some ejectors is only enough to inject small size fluid.Small-volume injection is not necessarily suitable for some user/patients.In some ejectors, form factor is fixing, and this syringe can not be modified, to increase its spring force to increase dosage.
Some needleless injector uses non-spring force as power, and as utilized Compressed Gas, electronic or pyrotechnical charge carrys out drive fluid by nozzle and to enter or through the skin of experimenter or tissue.Such as, United States Patent (USP) 8734384 discloses a kind of Compressed Gas and piston is pushed fluid filling chamber, its pressure fluid, and creates a fluid jet, makes fluid spray spray-hole.In this case, the activation of ejector preferably triggers from the device being pressed against patient skin.
Now also have needleless injector utilize ball carry out locked and activate but its stuck rate higher, and stuck after cannot realizing self disassembling maintenance.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of needleless injector.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of needleless injector, comprise housing, described shell one end is trigger end, the described housing other end is dispensing end, the axis of described housing is jet axis, described housing comprises outer surface and inner surface, the trigger end of described housing is horizontally arranged with activated surface, the dispensing end of described housing is provided with adapter, described adapter is for connecting syringe, the plunger being convenient to syringe stretches into the dispensing end of housing, piston is provided with in described housing, described piston is provided with piston head towards one end of dispensing end, described piston is provided with snap close towards one end of trigger end, described piston head moving direction and described plunger moving direction conllinear, described piston bush has Compress Spring, described Compress Spring and have gap between piston and inner surface, be convenient to piston slide in housing and Compress Spring stretch, the elastic force that Compress Spring applies piston is towards dispensing end, trigger is rotatably connected in described housing trigger end, described activated surface is provided with the button that can press, trigger afterbody and button afterbody are fitted, described trigger head is provided with the snap fit with described snap close clamping, when described piston is in un-activated position, described snap fit and described snap close clamping, described Compress Spring is in compressive state, when described piston is in active position, when described snap fit and described snap close depart from, described piston moves to dispensing end, described button drives described trigger rotation and then impels snap fit and described snap close to depart from.
Utilize trigger realization to the snap close of piston and release in above-mentioned design, structure is simple, and not easily stuck, reliability is high, is convenient to user's self-injection because button is arranged on shell end, and it is vertical with skin to be convenient to syringe during injection, Leakage prevention, and injection sound is little.
As the further improvement of the design, described snap close comprises and extending radially outwardly from described jet axis, and towards housing dispensing end faced by the snap-latch surface of ring-type; Trigger head comprises and extending radially inwardly from described jet axis, and towards housing trigger end faced by composition surface; When trigger is in un-activated position, described snap-latch surface and the laminating of described composition surface, when trigger is in active position, described snap-latch surface and the laminating of described composition surface depart from.Stability is high, and prevent under external force shake, activate, safety is high.
As the further improvement of the design, described snap-latch surface is annular slope; Described composition surface is inclined-plane, is convenient to clamping.
As the further improvement of the design, be provided with back-moving spring in the trigger end of described housing, described back-moving spring is pressed in described trigger afterbody and forces trigger afterbody to rotate to push-button.Back-moving spring is convenient to button and trigger resilience, improves trigger and the locked stability of piston.
As the further improvement of the design, described back-moving spring is the spring leaf being biased in trigger afterbody, and structure is simple, and volume is little, and reliability is high.
As the further improvement of the design, also comprise the movable safety lid for stoping button to be pressed.
As the further improvement of the design, described safety head is rotatably connected on activated surface, prevents maloperation, and safety is higher.
As the further improvement of the design, the inner surface of described housing is provided with towards jet axis and blocks the blocking-up block of Compress Spring extension, is convenient to Compress Spring compression.
As the further improvement of the design, described adapter is connected with described housing dismountable mechanical, is convenient to dismounting and change parts and is suitable for the syringe of different size.
As the further improvement of the design, described housing configuration different size piston and Compress Spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes trigger realization to the snap close of piston and release, and structure is simple, not easily stuck, reliability is high, is convenient to user's self-injection because button is arranged on shell end, and it is vertical with skin to be convenient to syringe during injection, Leakage prevention, injection sound is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is generalized section of the present invention.
1. housings, 2. dispensing end, 3. trigger end, 4. adapter in the drawings, 5. outer surface, 6. inner surface, 7. piston head, 8. piston, 9. block block, 10. snap-latch surface, 11. back-moving springs, 12. composition surfaces, 13. triggers, 14. safety heads, 15. Compress Springs, 16. buttons, 17. jet axis, 18. activated surfaces, 19. snap closes, 20. snap fits.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, illustrative examples wherein and explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment: described housing 1 and miscellaneous part are made up of rustless steel, or any other suitable metal (such as, zinc-plated carbon steel) or any other suitable rigid material, as rigid plastics (such as PCEABS plastics) or analog.
Described housing 1 can according to occupation mode different designs different size.Such as, the size of housing 1 can design and be shaped cosily to be convenient to user hands and grip (such as size is about the cylinder of 13 centimeter length × 1.5 cm diameters).
User can self-injection, such as, at abdominal part, and arm, other positions of lower limb or health.Alternatively, user can be the technical staff of medical professionalism or other people are by infusion of medicine people or animal subjects.
A kind of needleless injector, comprise housing 1, described housing 1 one end is trigger end 3, described housing 1 other end is dispensing end 2, the axis of described housing 1 is jet axis 17, described housing 1 comprises outer surface 5 and inner surface 6, the trigger end 3 of described housing 1 is horizontally arranged with activated surface 18, the dispensing end 2 of described housing 1 is provided with adapter 4, described adapter 4 is for connecting syringe, the plunger being convenient to syringe stretches into the dispensing end 2 of housing 1, piston 8 is provided with in described housing 1, described piston 8 is provided with piston head 7 towards one end of dispensing end 2, described piston 8 is provided with snap close 19 towards one end of trigger end 3, described piston head 7 moving direction and described plunger moving direction conllinear, described piston 8 cover has Compress Spring 15, described Compress Spring 15 and have gap between piston 8 and inner surface 6, be convenient to piston 8 to slide in housing 1 and Compress Spring 15 stretches, the elastic force that Compress Spring 15 pairs of pistons 8 apply is towards dispensing end 2, trigger 13 is rotatably connected in described housing 1 trigger end 3, described activated surface 18 is provided with the button 16 that can press, trigger 13 afterbody and button 16 afterbody are fitted, described trigger 13 head is provided with the snap fit 20 with the clamping of described snap close 19, when described piston 8 is in un-activated position, described snap fit 20 and the clamping of described snap close 19, described Compress Spring 15 is in compressive state, when described piston 8 is in active position, when described snap fit 20 departs from described snap close 19, described piston 8 moves to dispensing end 2, described button 16 drives described trigger 13 to rotate and then impels snap fit 20 and described snap close 19 to depart from.
For subcutaneous injection, Compress Spring 15 can change according to the desired depth of infiltration.Spring force scope is between 185N to 165N, and this depends on the degree under the skin of fat.The typical limiting examples that spring force is used for intramuscular injection is around 200N.
The material of described Compress Spring 15 is high-carbon spring wire and filament diameter is 0.4 millimeter, 3.2 millimeters, 9 actuating coils and 11 overall coil, the average line loop diameter of the spring rate of 0.86N/mm.
Utilize trigger 13 to realize the snap close 19 of piston 8 and release in above-mentioned design, structure is simple, not easily stuck, reliability is high, is convenient to user's self-injection because button 16 is arranged on housing 1 end, and it is vertical with skin to be convenient to syringe during injection, Leakage prevention, injection sound is little.
As the further improvement of the design, described snap close 19 comprises and extending radially outwardly from described jet axis 17, and towards housing 1 dispensing end 2 faced by the snap-latch surface 10 of ring-type; Trigger 13 head comprises and extending radially inwardly from described jet axis 17, and towards housing 1 trigger end 3 faced by composition surface 12; When trigger 13 is in un-activated position, described snap-latch surface 10 and described composition surface 12 are fitted, and when trigger 13 is in active position, described snap-latch surface 10 and described composition surface 12 are fitted and departed from.Stability is high, and prevent under external force shake, activate, safety is high.
As the further improvement of the design, described snap-latch surface 10 is annular slope; Described composition surface 12 is inclined-plane, is convenient to clamping.
As the further improvement of the design, be provided with back-moving spring 11 in the trigger end 3 of described housing 1, described back-moving spring 11 is pressed in described trigger 13 afterbody and forces trigger 13 afterbody to rotate to button 16 direction.Back-moving spring 11 is convenient to button 16 and trigger 13 resilience, improves the stability that trigger 13 is locked with piston 8.
As the further improvement of the design, described back-moving spring 11 is for being biased in the spring leaf of trigger 13 afterbody, and structure is simple, and volume is little, and reliability is high.
As the further improvement of the design, also comprise the movable safety lid 14 for stoping button 16 to be pressed, described safety head 14 is inserted on described activated surface 18, is convenient to push aside.
As the further improvement of the design, described safety head 14 is rotatably connected on activated surface 18, and prevent maloperation, safety is higher.
As the further improvement of the design, the inner surface 6 of described housing 1 is provided with towards jet axis 17 and blocks the blocking-up block 9 of Compress Spring 15 extension, is convenient to Compress Spring 15 and compresses.
As the further improvement of the design, described adapter 4 is connected with described housing 1 dismountable mechanical, is convenient to dismounting and change parts and is suitable for the syringe of different size.
As the further improvement of the design, described housing 1 configures different size piston 8 and Compress Spring 15.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a needleless injector, comprise housing, described shell one end is trigger end, the described housing other end is dispensing end, it is characterized in that, the axis of described housing is jet axis, described housing comprises outer surface and inner surface, the trigger end of described housing is horizontally arranged with activated surface, the dispensing end of described housing is provided with adapter, described adapter is for connecting syringe, the plunger being convenient to syringe stretches into the dispensing end of housing, piston is provided with in described housing, described piston is provided with piston head towards one end of dispensing end, described piston is provided with snap close towards one end of trigger end, described piston head moving direction and described plunger moving direction conllinear, described piston bush has Compress Spring, described Compress Spring and have gap between piston and inner surface, be convenient to piston slide in housing and Compress Spring stretch, the elastic force that Compress Spring applies piston is towards dispensing end, trigger is rotatably connected in described housing trigger end, described activated surface is provided with the button that can press, trigger afterbody and button afterbody are fitted, described trigger head is provided with the snap fit with described snap close clamping, when described piston is in un-activated position, described snap fit and described snap close clamping, described Compress Spring is in compressive state, when described piston is in active position, when described snap fit and described snap close depart from, described piston moves to dispensing end, described button drives described trigger rotation and then impels snap fit and described snap close to depart from.
2. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described snap close comprises and extending radially outwardly from described jet axis, and towards housing dispensing end faced by the snap-latch surface of ring-type; Trigger head comprises and extending radially inwardly from described jet axis, and towards housing trigger end faced by composition surface; When trigger is in un-activated position, described snap-latch surface and the laminating of described composition surface, when trigger is in active position, described snap-latch surface and the laminating of described composition surface depart from.
3. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described snap-latch surface is annular slope; Described composition surface is inclined-plane.
4. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with back-moving spring in the trigger end of described housing, and described back-moving spring is pressed in described trigger afterbody and forces trigger afterbody to rotate to push-button.
5. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described back-moving spring is the spring leaf being biased in trigger afterbody.
6. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the movable safety lid for stoping button to be pressed.
7. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described safety head is rotatably connected on activated surface.
8. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inner surface of described housing is provided with towards jet axis and blocks the blocking-up block of Compress Spring extension.
9. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adapter is connected with described housing dismountable mechanical.
10. a kind of needleless injector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described housing configuration different size piston and Compress Spring.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610000659.6A CN105413023A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Needless injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610000659.6A CN105413023A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Needless injector |
Publications (1)
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CN105413023A true CN105413023A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
Family
ID=55491848
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN201610000659.6A Pending CN105413023A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Needless injector |
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CN (1) | CN105413023A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108837241A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | 龚邦强 | A kind of dedicated needleless injector of beautifying medical |
CN111315429A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-06-19 | 赛诺菲 | Plunger and drug delivery device |
EP4076593A4 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-12-27 | Integrimedical LLC | Spring loaded medical needle-free injection system |
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CN103476444A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2013-12-25 | 赛诺菲-安万特德国有限公司 | Auto-injector |
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CN104080499A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-10-01 | 赛诺菲 | Automatic injector |
CN104540534A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2015-04-22 | 诺和诺德A/S(股份有限公司) | A spring-loaded injection device with an injection button |
CN104689426A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2015-06-10 | 欧文蒙福德有限公司 | Autoinjector |
CN205322929U (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-22 | 苏州肯美威机械制造有限公司 | Needle -free syringe |
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CN1147207A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1997-04-09 | 阿兰·莫罗·德法尔热 | Needleless jet injection device |
US20060089593A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-04-27 | Sergio Landau | Needle-free injection device for individual users |
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CN201020112Y (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-02-13 | 华中科技大学 | Power head for needleless injector |
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CN104689426A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2015-06-10 | 欧文蒙福德有限公司 | Autoinjector |
US20130317447A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2013-11-28 | Owen Momford Limited | Automatic injection device with pneumatic damping |
CN103476444A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2013-12-25 | 赛诺菲-安万特德国有限公司 | Auto-injector |
CN104080499A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-10-01 | 赛诺菲 | Automatic injector |
CN104540534A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2015-04-22 | 诺和诺德A/S(股份有限公司) | A spring-loaded injection device with an injection button |
WO2014042930A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | Hns International, Inc. | Needleless hypodermic injector and related method |
CN205322929U (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-22 | 苏州肯美威机械制造有限公司 | Needle -free syringe |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111315429A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-06-19 | 赛诺菲 | Plunger and drug delivery device |
US11583634B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2023-02-21 | Sanofi | Plunger and drug delivery device |
CN108837241A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | 龚邦强 | A kind of dedicated needleless injector of beautifying medical |
EP4076593A4 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-12-27 | Integrimedical LLC | Spring loaded medical needle-free injection system |
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Inventor after: Li Yewen Inventor after: Salari Hassan Inventor after: Ji Zhangjiang Inventor before: Deng Cuan Inventor before: Salari Hassan |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |