CN105405564B - A kind of many rare earth phase materials and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of many rare earth phase materials and preparation method Download PDF

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CN105405564B
CN105405564B CN201510962497.XA CN201510962497A CN105405564B CN 105405564 B CN105405564 B CN 105405564B CN 201510962497 A CN201510962497 A CN 201510962497A CN 105405564 B CN105405564 B CN 105405564B
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many rare
earth phase
remelting
magnet
preparation
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CN105405564A (en
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王玲
陶诏灵
赵浩峰
张仕昭
王巧玲
张泽中
刘妍慧
阿穷
李树岭
王槐亮
牟雯婷
汪修双
何晨晨
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Jiangsu Nanfang Permanent Magnetic Technology Co., Ltd.
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of many rare earth phase materials and preparation method.Its component carries out dispensing according to following mass percent:Nd 15 20%, Ir3 4%, Ga 4.5 6%, Cr 6.0 8.0%, Pr 3 4%, Gd 0.15 0.20%, Sr 0.3 0.4%, B 2 5%, Co 0.45 0.60%, Mn 0.01 0.04%, Mo 0.01 0.04%, remaining is Fe.The material of the present invention has uniform tissue, is good for strong structure, can both improve the anti-corrosion capability of material, and magnetic property makes moderate progress.The material is made in the process of the present invention, the simple and effective anti-oxidation method, and magnet surface and internal oxygen content difference can be made smaller, makes it possible acquisition high-performance rare-earth material.Permanent-magnet material of the present invention has good stability and practicality, can be widely applied to the every field such as electronic device, aeronautical and space technology, computer equipment, magnetic separator, communication apparatus, Medical Devices, electric bicycle, electronic toy.

Description

A kind of many rare earth phase materials and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, and in particular to a kind of many rare earth phase materials and preparation method.
Background technology
Modem magnetic materials have been widely used among our life, for example, permanent-magnet material is used as into motor, application Core material in transformer, the magneto-optic disk used as memory, computer magnetic recording floppy disk etc..In big bit information Say, magnetic material is closely related with informationization, automation, electromechanical integration, national defence, the every aspect of national economy.And it is usual Think, magnetic material refers to directly or indirectly produce the material of magnetic by transition element iron, cobalt, nickel and its alloy etc..Magnetic Property material can be divided into soft magnetic material and retentive material by the difficulty or ease of degaussing after magnetization.Easily remove the material of magnetic after magnetization It is soft magnetic material, it is not easy to which the material of degaussing is retentive material.Soft magnetic material remanent magnetism is smaller in general, hard magnetic material Expect that remanent magnetism is larger.
Chinese patent CN201410730163.5 discloses a kind of high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof.The material Material category R-T-B systems alloy, the formula of the alloy is RxT100-x-y-zMyQz, R is including in all rare earth elements including Y in formula One or more, T be Fe, Co, Ni in one or more, M be Nb, V, Mo, W, Cr, Al, Ti, Zr, Cu, Ga in one kind or Several, Q is the one or more in B, N, C;Wherein x, y, z is met:The atom % of 10≤x≤13;The atom % of 0≤y≤5;0.9≤ The atom % of z≤2.But the magnetic energy product of the material is high not enough.
The B and H of any point product are our referred to as magnetic energy products of BH on demagnetizing curve, and B × H maximum is referred to as Maximum magnetic energy product, is the D points on demagnetizing curve.Magnetic energy product is to weigh one of important parameter of energy size stored by magnet. Corresponding to the magnet of certain energy when magnet is used, it is desirable to which the volume of magnet is as small as possible.In numerous magnetic parameters, its is direct Industrial significance is:Magnetic energy product is bigger, and required magnetic material is fewer when producing effect same.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at above-mentioned technological deficiency there is provided a kind of many rare earth phase materials, and the material has high Magnetic energy product.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, the preparation method technique is simple, Production cost is low, suitable for industrialized production.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of many rare earth phase materials, its component carries out dispensing according to following mass percent:Nd 15-20%, Ir3-4%, Ga 4.5-6%, Cr6.0-8.0%, Pr 3-4%, Gd 0.15-0.20%, Sr 0.3-0.4%, B 2-5%, Co 0.45- 0.60%, Mn 0.01-0.04%, Mo 0.01-0.04%, remaining is Fe.
A kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, comprises the following steps:
The raw material prepared by above-mentioned formula is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, and heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, insulation Poured into after 20-30 minutes in ingot mould, natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs.The vacuum level requirements of electric furnace are less than 0.1Pa.By making band, powder processed, die mould, sintering.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction Remelting is carried out in remelting tubular type crucible in forming furnace, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in On vacuum induction quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.Then above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are subjected to powder processed, compacting Shaping, sintering processes are to obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Compared with prior art, material of the invention has uniform tissue, is good for strong structure, can both improve the resistance to of material Erosion ability, and magnetic property makes moderate progress.
The material is made in the process of the present invention, the simple and effective anti-oxidation method, can make magnet surface and internal oxygen Content difference is smaller, makes it possible acquisition high-performance rare-earth material.
Permanent-magnet material of the present invention has good stability and practicality, can be widely applied to electronic device, Aero-Space The every field such as technology, computer equipment, magnetic separator, communication apparatus, Medical Devices, electric bicycle, electronic toy.
The preparation method of the permanent-magnet material of the present invention takes full advantage of waste material and directly produces alloy raw materials, and composition is matched somebody with somebody Than flexible, quality control in place, and can reduce cost, and technique is simple, fully utilize hyperoxic powder scrap, ring Protect, be effectively improved environment, with very high social value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is many rare-earth phase materials microstructure figures of the invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, comprises the following steps:
1) dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 15%, Ir 3%, Ga 4.5%, Cr6%, Pr 3%, Gd 0.15%, Sr 0.3%, B 2%, Co 0.45%, Mn 0.01%, Mo 0.0%, remaining is Fe;
2) the above-mentioned raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, vacuum sense The vacuum level requirements of stove are answered to be less than 0.1Pa, insulation is poured into ingot mould after 20-30 minutes, and natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent magnetism Material alloys ingot;By band processed, above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are then subjected to powder processed, compressing, sintering processes Obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction forming furnace Remelting is carried out in interior remelting tubular type crucible, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in vacuum sense Answer on quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.As seen from Figure 1, material structure dense uniform of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, comprises the following steps:
1) dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 20%, Ir4%, Ga 6%, Cr8.0%, Pr4%, Gd 0.20%, Sr 0.4%, B5%, Co0.60%, Mn 0.04%, Mo0.04%, remaining is Fe;
2) the above-mentioned raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, vacuum sense The vacuum level requirements of stove are answered to be less than 0.1Pa, insulation is poured into ingot mould after 20-30 minutes, and natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent magnetism Material alloys ingot;By band processed, above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are then subjected to powder processed, compressing, sintering processes Obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction forming furnace Remelting is carried out in interior remelting tubular type crucible, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in vacuum sense Answer on quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, comprises the following steps:
1) dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 18%, Ir 3.5%, Ga 5%, Cr7%, Pr 3.5%, Gd 0.18%, Sr 0.35%, B 4%, Co 0.5%, Mn 0.03%, Mo 0.03%, remaining is Fe;
2) the above-mentioned raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, vacuum sense The vacuum level requirements of stove are answered to be less than 0.1Pa, insulation is poured into ingot mould after 20-30 minutes, and natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent magnetism Material alloys ingot;By band processed, above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are then subjected to powder processed, compressing, sintering processes Obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction forming furnace Remelting is carried out in interior remelting tubular type crucible, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in vacuum sense Answer on quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, comprises the following steps:
1) dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 11%, Ir 2%, Ga 4%, Cr5%, Pr2%, Gd 0.1%, Sr 0.2%, B1%, Co 0.3%, Mn 0.005%, Mo 0.005%, remaining is Fe;
2) the above-mentioned raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, vacuum sense The vacuum level requirements of stove are answered to be less than 0.1Pa, insulation is poured into ingot mould after 20-30 minutes, and natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent magnetism Material alloys ingot;By band processed, above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are then subjected to powder processed, compressing, sintering processes Obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction forming furnace Remelting is carried out in interior remelting tubular type crucible, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in vacuum sense Answer on quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.
Embodiment 5
1) dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 21%, Ir 6%, Ga 7%, Cr9%, Pr 5%, Gd 0.3%, Sr 0.6%, B6%, Co 0.70%, Mn 0.06%, Mo 0.06%, remaining is Fe;
2) the above-mentioned raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, vacuum sense The vacuum level requirements of stove are answered to be less than 0.1Pa, insulation is poured into ingot mould after 20-30 minutes, and natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent magnetism Material alloys ingot;By band processed, above-mentioned many rare-earth phase material alloys bands are then subjected to powder processed, compressing, sintering processes Obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials.During band processed, obtained many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs are put into vacuum induction forming furnace Remelting is carried out in interior remelting tubular type crucible, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, and the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed in vacuum sense Answer on quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.
The material property of the present invention see the table below:

Claims (2)

1. a kind of preparation method of many rare earth phase materials, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)Dispensing is carried out according to following mass percent:Nd 15-20 %, Ir3-4%, Ga 4.5-6%, Cr6.0-8.0%, Pr 3-4%, Gd 0.15-0.20%, Sr 0.3-0.4%, B 2-5%, Co 0.45-0.60%, Mn 0.01-0.04%, Mo 0.01- 0.04%, remaining is Fe;
2)The raw material prepared is added in the crucible of vaccum sensitive stove, heating reaches 1560-1580 DEG C, is incubated 20-30 minutes After pour into ingot mould, natural cooling obtains many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet material alloy pigs;By band processed, then by above-mentioned many rare-earth phase materials It is to obtain many rare-earth phase permanent-magnet materials to expect that alloy strip carries out powder processed, compressing, sintering processes;During band processed, what is obtained is more dilute Remelting is carried out in the remelting tubular type crucible that native phase permanent-magnet material alloy pig is put into vacuum induction forming furnace, remelting temperature is 1650-1670 DEG C, the bottom of remelting tubular type crucible is placed on vacuum induction quick quenching furnace runner wheel rim at 2-4mm.
2. the preparation method of many rare earth phase materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vacuum of vaccum sensitive stove It is required that less than 0.1Pa.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1234589A (en) * 1998-03-23 1999-11-10 住友特殊金属株式会社 Permanent magnet and R-TM-B series permanent magnet
CN101630557A (en) * 2008-07-16 2010-01-20 宁波科宁达工业有限公司 Gadolinium-containing sintered rare earth permanent magnet alloy and preparation method thereof
JP2013098447A (en) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-20 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd Treatment liquid for film formation of rare earth iron-based magnet and manufacturing method of rare earth iron-based magnet

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1234589A (en) * 1998-03-23 1999-11-10 住友特殊金属株式会社 Permanent magnet and R-TM-B series permanent magnet
CN101630557A (en) * 2008-07-16 2010-01-20 宁波科宁达工业有限公司 Gadolinium-containing sintered rare earth permanent magnet alloy and preparation method thereof
JP2013098447A (en) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-20 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd Treatment liquid for film formation of rare earth iron-based magnet and manufacturing method of rare earth iron-based magnet

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