CN105402442B - 一种高温高压球阀 - Google Patents

一种高温高压球阀 Download PDF

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CN105402442B
CN105402442B CN201510968615.8A CN201510968615A CN105402442B CN 105402442 B CN105402442 B CN 105402442B CN 201510968615 A CN201510968615 A CN 201510968615A CN 105402442 B CN105402442 B CN 105402442B
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CN105402442A (zh
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汪团员
樊丽丽
韩明兴
马文斌
贺冬
赵立帅
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China Petrochemical Corp
Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/087—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug
    • F16K11/0873—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug the plug being only rotatable around one spindle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/06—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks
    • F16K27/067—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks with spherical plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0647—Spindles or actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0657—Particular coverings or materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F16K5/0689—Packings between housing and plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
    • F16K5/20—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces
    • F16K5/201—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces with the housing or parts of the housing mechanically pressing the seal against the plug

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种高温高压球阀，包括阀体，在阀体内设有阀座孔，在阀座孔内从内至外依次设有补偿性弹簧、上阀座、阀球、下阀座、螺塞，所述螺塞将下阀座、阀球、上阀座、补偿性弹簧压装在阀座孔内，在阀体内还设置有连接杆与阀球相连，在阀体的两端两侧对称设置有轴向A口和轴向B口，螺塞上设置有轴向P口，在下阀座上设置有径向通孔和轴向通孔，所述径向通孔的两端分别连通A口和B口，所述轴向通孔连通P口，在阀球内设有L型油口，并与下阀座的径向通孔和轴向通孔相对应，构成两位三通阀。本发明体积小、结构紧凑，占用安装空间小，且密封可靠，适用于、石油、天然气井下驱采系统、发电厂等高温高压场合。

Description

一种高温高压球阀
技术领域
本发明涉及核电站、油气开采等高温高压领域所用的阀门，具体设计一种高温高压球阀。
背景技术
在核电站，原油开采、采矿工业等领域，除了要适应极端高温高压的工作环境，其安装空间往往有限。因此对控制阀提出了更高的要求，不仅要能在高温高压的工作环境下实现可靠密封，还需要更小的外观尺寸，安装空间小，结构更加紧凑，占用更小的安装空间。
球阀通过球形阀芯来灵活控制介质的合流、分流、及流向的切换。由于球阀自身良好的密封性能(球面密封形式能实现完全密封)，结构简单等优点，球阀在各工业领域应用十分广泛。国内外的高温高压阀中，如世伟洛克(Swagelok)的83系列和H83系列以及HOKE76系列等高温高压阀，多采用对称布置2组蝶形弹簧组进行温度、压力和磨损补偿，外形多为方形结构，外形尺寸较大，油口布置不在同一端面，不利于管路安装的集成，需要占用较大的安装空间。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术存在的不足提供一种安装小、结构紧凑、密封可靠的高温高压球阀。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，包括柱形阀体，在阀体内设有阀座孔，在阀座孔内从内至外依次设有补偿性弹簧、上阀座、阀球、下阀座、螺塞，所述阀球通过球窝面分别与上阀座和下阀座相配合，所述螺塞将下阀座、阀球、上阀座、补偿性弹簧压装在阀座孔内，在阀体内还设置有连接杆与阀球相连，在阀体的两端两侧对称设置有轴向A口和轴向B口，螺塞上设置有轴向P口，在下阀座上设置有径向通孔和轴向通孔，所述径向通孔的两端分别连通A口和B口，所述轴向通孔连通P口，在阀球内设有L型油口，并与下阀座的径向通孔和轴向通孔相对应，构成两位三通阀。
按上述技术方案，所述上阀座和下阀座分别通过密封圈与阀座孔密封配设，所述螺塞端面通过密封圈与下阀座密封配设。
按上述技术方案，在连接杆上设置有1/4环形限位台阶，在阀体上设有3/4环形沟槽，并与连接杆的限位台阶相配合。
按上述技术方案，所述补偿性弹簧为蝶形弹簧组。
按上述技术方案，在阀球上设有矩形键槽，连接杆前端设置的矩形方头与阀球的矩形键槽相配合。
按上述技术方案，在阀体的上端配置有阀盖，在连接杆与阀盖之间设置有滑动轴承。
按上述技术方案，所述连接杆与减速电机输出轴相连。
按上述技术方案，所述上、下阀座采用塑料制成，阀球为耐蚀合金球。
按上述技术方案，在下阀座的尾端设置有外径内小外大的台阶，该台阶与阀体上设置的台阶孔相配合。
本发明所取得的有益效果为：
1、本发明体积小、结构紧凑，占用安装空间小，且密封可靠，适用于、石油、天然气井下驱采系统、发电厂等高温高压场合。
2、本发明通过在柱形阀体上布置轴向A口、B口2个出油口，高压进油口P口设置在螺塞上，这3个油口处于同一端面上，可以方便管路的安装，节省整个阀的安装空间，使其更加紧凑；
3、本发明的阀座整体结构采用上下分体式阀座，对称布置于阀球的上下两端，上下阀座的预紧力大小一致，并可通过调节螺塞可方便的调节预紧力的大小，扩大了阀的工作压力范围，使其在低压和高压系统内都具有防漏完整性；
4、在上阀座与阀体之间安装有补偿性弹簧，可对上下阀座与阀球进行轴向的补偿，补偿量具有随温度压力变化的自适应性，不仅可以防止热胀卡死而无法灵活的转动，而且还可以对阀球阀座转动摩擦副的运动磨损进行补偿，以保证密封的可靠性；
5、阀球采用的是耐腐蚀合金球球阀，使其具有更好的抗高压与密封能力，阀座采用高强度工程塑料，使阀口密封部位实现软密封配合，密封比压小，可实现零泄漏密封，安全可靠；
6、在连接杆与阀盖之间安装有滑动轴承，可以减小摩擦扭矩，减小启动扭矩，保证了阀运动部件在高压下灵活可靠的运动；
7、通过在连接杆与阀体上设置限位结构，即通过阀内部的结构来控制阀芯的转动位置，而无需在阀外部设置限位结构，使其结构更加紧凑；
8、本发明能满足对安装空间受限的高压高温场合，工作介质为高阻燃液压油，由于采用的是直流电机驱动的电动控制，能够完成油路的自动化控制，适用性高。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图。
图2为本发明的职能符号图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1、2所示，本实施例提供了一种高温高压球阀，包括外形为圆柱体的阀体6，在阀体6内设有阀座孔，在阀座孔内从内至外依次设有补偿性弹簧9、上阀座8、阀球5、下阀座3、螺塞1，所述阀球5通过球窝面分别与上阀座8和下阀座3相配合，上阀座8和下阀座3上分别加工有沟槽用于安装密封圈7和密封圈4，密封圈7和密封圈4与阀体6配合形成静密封，所述螺塞1将下阀座3、阀球5、上阀座8、补偿性弹簧9压装在阀座孔内，通过设置补偿性弹簧9，使阀球5为浮动式结构固定，可以沿轴向移动，以对压力温度的波动进行补偿。其中，螺塞1与阀体6之间为螺纹连接，拧松或拧紧螺塞1就可以调整所需的初始预紧力，使其达到密封比压要求。螺塞1的上端面上加工有沟槽用于安装密封圈2，密封圈2与下阀座3配合形成静密封。下阀座3的尾端设置有外径内外大的台阶面，与阀体6上的相应台阶相配合起限位作用，防止预紧力过大，而造成阀球卡死无法转动。在阀体内还设置有连接杆10与阀球5相连，所述连接杆10的另一端与减速电机13输出轴相连，在阀体的上端配置有阀盖11。在阀体6上设置有A口、B口，所述A口和B口对称设置在阀体6的下端两侧，并轴向设置，在螺塞1上设置有轴向P口，在下阀座3上设置有径向通孔和轴向通孔，所述径向通孔的两端分别连通A口和B口，所述轴向通孔连通P口，在阀球5内设有L型油口，并与下阀座3的径向通孔和轴向通孔相对应，构成两位三通阀。
本实施例中的补偿性弹簧9为蝶形弹簧组，相比传统的弹簧，蝶形弹簧组体积小刚度大，适用于微小型结构中的压力、温度补偿。
本实施例中，上、下阀座采用高强度工程塑料，阀球为耐蚀合金球，与上下阀座软硬配合，形成线密封，在其上部加工有矩形键槽与连接杆10前端的矩形方头配合，驱动阀球5进行左右旋转实现换向。连接杆10设计为不对称的台阶结构，在连接杆上设置有1/4环形限位台阶，而在阀体6的相配合部位设有3/4环形沟槽，实际转动的时候就将连接杆10的转动幅度控制在±180°(正反转)，在连接杆10与阀盖11之间安装有滑动轴承12，阀盖11与阀体6为螺纹连接，连接杆10所受的轴向力均作用在滑动轴承12和阀盖11上，减速电机13不受轴向力作用，以保证阀运动部件在高温高压下的灵活可靠运动，减小了摩擦阻力降低了转动扭矩。

Claims (8)

1.一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，包括柱形阀体，在阀体内设有轴向阀座孔，在阀座孔内从内至外依次设有补偿性弹簧、上阀座、阀球、下阀座、螺塞，所述阀球通过球窝面分别与上阀座和下阀座相配合，在下阀座的尾端设置有外径内小外大的台阶，该台阶与阀体上设置的台阶孔相配合，所述螺塞将下阀座、阀球、上阀座、补偿性弹簧压装在阀座孔内；在阀体内还设置有连接杆与阀球相连，在阀体的下端两端两侧对称设置有轴向A口和轴向B口，螺塞上设置有轴向P口，在下阀座上设置有径向通孔和轴向通孔，所述径向通孔的两端分别连通A口和B口，所述轴向通孔连通P口，在阀球内设有L型油口，并与下阀座的径向通孔和轴向通孔相对应，构成两位三通阀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，所述上阀座和下阀座分别通过密封圈与阀座孔密封配设，所述螺塞端面通过密封圈与下阀座密封配设。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，在连接杆上设置有1/4环形限位台阶，在阀体上设有3/4环形沟槽，并与连接杆的限位台阶相配合。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，所述补偿性弹簧为蝶形弹簧组。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，在阀球上设有矩形键槽，连接杆前端设置的矩形方头与阀球的矩形键槽相配合。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，在阀体的上端配置有阀盖，在连接杆与阀盖之间设置有滑动轴承。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，所述连接杆与减速电机输出轴相连。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高温高压球阀，其特征在于，所述上、下阀座采用塑料制成，阀球为耐蚀合金球。
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