CN105399982B - A kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method - Google Patents
A kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105399982B CN105399982B CN201511018765.9A CN201511018765A CN105399982B CN 105399982 B CN105399982 B CN 105399982B CN 201511018765 A CN201511018765 A CN 201511018765A CN 105399982 B CN105399982 B CN 105399982B
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Abstract
A kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method, it is related to a kind of method for preparing reticulated polyurethane foam.The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems, such as that the material channels and collaterals Physical Loss or Damage of current reticulated polyurethane foam preparation method is serious, perforate degree is low, the networking uniformity is poor, networking rate is low, channels and collaterals edge is irregular and rough and process object is size-constrained.Method one：First, rupture of membranes process；2nd, gas replenishment process；3rd, thermal decomposition process；4th, cooling procedure, reticulated polyurethane foam is obtained.Method two：First, rupture of membranes process is inflated；2nd, thermal decomposition process；3rd, cooling procedure, reticulated polyurethane foam is obtained.For the perforate degree of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by the present invention up to 95%~100%, networking rate can meet the requirement of its various functions up to more than 98%.The present invention can obtain a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing reticulated polyurethane foam.
Background technology
Netted new material is an emerging field, and reticulated polyurethane foam can be wide as a kind of material of function admirable
It is general to be applied to the multiple fields such as air-conditioning, architectural environment, construction material, metallurgy, medical science, sewage disposal, the energy, and turn into foam
The important branch in one, field, future will play significant role in more areas, and development prospect is very wide.
The method of existing polyurethane foam networking processing has base extraction method and steam Hydrolyze method, both approaches at present
Obtained reticulated polyurethane foam channels and collaterals edge profile is higher, but due to both approaches cladding material by except
After film, inner layer material can just touch alkali lye or steam, i.e. networking environment meeting ecto-entad gradually invades, and so allows for material
Each position in networking environment exposure time span it is inconsistent, so the networking for the reticulated polyurethane foam prepared is equal
Evenness is very poor.Therefore, both approaches have significant limitation in the size, species of pending object, if pending object
Size is larger or fenestrated membrane is thicker, then easily causes that the channels and collaterals Physical Loss or Damage of cladding material is serious, and mechanical property seriously reduces, and interior
The perforate degree of layer material is extremely low, and fenestrated membrane is not removed also, therefore networking rate also cannot be guaranteed, therefore both approaches are only capable of locating
The reason polyurethane polyurethane foamed material that appearance and size is smaller and fenestrated membrane is relatively thin.Meanwhile the three wastes of base extraction method are very serious, section
The energy feature of environmental protection is poor, and time-consuming for steam Hydrolyze method, and production efficiency is low, it is seen that both approaches are respectively provided with the shortcomings that certain, unfavorable
In reticulated polyurethane foam industrial production and promote the use of.China is in for should not for reticulated polyurethane foam at present
The stage asked, most of material will rely on import, and the basic reason for causing this phenomenon to occur is exactly in the past traditional system
Preparation Method can not meet the current production and application requirement in China.Therefore, study and a kind of new both can guarantee that the physical of material
Can and perforate degree, and can ensure its networking uniformity and networking rate, and environment-friendly high-efficiency, the polyurethane foam net that is produced on a large scale
It is very necessary to change processing method.
Chinese patent CN1233741C mixes soluble foam microshell with polyurethane stock material, solid under normal temperature or heating
Change sizing, formed using microballoon to support, the cruel foams of poly- ammonia containing soluble foam microshell, then with solvent by solvable sex vesicle
Foam microballoon dissolves, so as to obtain netted polyurethane foamed material, reticulated polyurethane foam networking rate and net made from this method
The change uniformity is higher, and channels and collaterals physical property will not be also cut in, but the perforate degree of obtained reticulated polyurethane foam is low, and passes through
Network edge is irregular, rough, it is impossible to meets that it will as the function of the matrix material of the materials such as reticulated ceramic, net metal
Ask.Chinese specially CN103568327A it is also proposed a kind of method of polyurethane foamed material networking processing, and this method is using quick-fried
The fenestrated membrane that broken shock wave breaks through polyurethane foamed material from outside to inside reaches the purpose of networking processing, therefore prepares netted poly-
The urethane foam networking uniformity and channels and collaterals physical property are higher, but have irregular zigzag fenestrated membrane residual, therefore its perforate
Spend undesirable, channels and collaterals edge profile is relatively low, does not meet the follow-up requirement as matrix material, and combustible gas equally
Body is existed only in outside polyurethane foamed material, and shock wave ecto-entad breaks through the fenestrated membrane of polyurethane foamed material, works as shock wave
When traveling to inside polyurethane foamed material, easily because shock wave attenuation causes networking process to can not continue to break through fenestrated membrane
Failure, therefore networking rate cannot be guaranteed.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be for solve the material channels and collaterals Physical Loss or Damage of current reticulated polyurethane foam preparation method it is serious,
Perforate degree is low, the networking uniformity is poor, networking rate is low, channels and collaterals edge is irregular and rough and process object size-constrained is asked
Topic, and a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is provided.
It is based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method when the volume of polyurethane foam is V1, the method for preparing reticulated polyurethane foam,
Complete according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Gas I is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
Power rises to P1, then the dwell time t1 under P1, then is deflated, and the pressure in closed container is down to P2；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Gas II is filled with into closed container makes container inner pressure rise to P3, then the time of repose under P3
t2；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t3；
4th, cooling procedure：Gas in closed vessel is deflated with A outgassing rate, until closed container is interior
Pressure is down to P4；Gas III of the temperature as T1 is filled with into closed container using B inflation rate again, while with C outgassing rate
Deflated, when the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and is obtained netted poly-
Urethane foam.
High-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is based on when the volume of polyurethane foam is V2, preparing the method for reticulated polyurethane foam is
Complete according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until in closed container
Pressure rise to P5, then the dwell time t4 under P5；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t5；
3rd, cooling procedure：Closed container be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container as P5 using D outgassing rate；
Again with E m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the gas V that temperature is T2 into closed container, while with F m3/ s outgassing rate enters
Row is deflated, and when the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and obtains netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
The invention provides a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method, this method tool
Have the advantage that：
First, can ensure simultaneously physical property, perforate degree, the networking uniformity and the networking rate of reticulated polyurethane foam with
And the smoothness of channels and collaterals, wherein, for perforate degree up to 95%~100%, networking rate can meet its various work(up to more than 98%
The requirement of energy.
2nd, the present invention is not limited size, the species of pending polyurethane foamed material.
3rd, energy-conserving and environment-protective of the present invention, production efficiency are high, can substitute the system of existing reticulated polyurethane foam completely
Preparation Method carries out scale industrial production and promoted the use of.
The present invention can obtain a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment two；
Fig. 3 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment three；
Fig. 4 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by example IV；
Fig. 5 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment five；
Fig. 6 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment six；
Fig. 7 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment seven；
Fig. 8 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment eight；
Fig. 9 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment nine；
Figure 10 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment ten；
Figure 11 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 11；
Figure 12 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 12；
Figure 13 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 13.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Netted poly- ammonia is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method when the volume of polyurethane foam is V1
The method of ester foam is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Gas I is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
Power rises to P1, then the dwell time t1 under P1, then is deflated, and the pressure in closed container is down to P2；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Gas II is filled with into closed container makes container inner pressure rise to P3, then the time of repose under P3
t2；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t3；
4th, cooling procedure：Gas in closed vessel is deflated with A outgassing rate, until closed container is interior
Pressure is down to P4；Gas III of the temperature as T1 is filled with into closed container using B inflation rate again, while with C outgassing rate
Deflated, when the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and is obtained netted poly-
Urethane foam.
The process of fenestrated membrane rupture is a kind of weight for the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method
Process is wanted, the purpose of this step is exactly to form hyperbaric environment around polyurethane foam in container, makes pending poly- ammonia
The fenestrated membrane of ester foam ruptures under inside and outside differential pressure effect, ensures that mixed gas II is in polyurethane foam in following gas replenishment process
Diffusion is uniform, ensures the uniformity in temperature field in whole closed container after lighting a fire, so as to effectively avoid networking non-uniform phenomenon, together
When also reduce inflation after mixed gas II diffusion time, improve production efficiency；
Wherein, inflation institute to pressure P1 ruptured by pending polyurethane foam fenestrated membrane when required pressure determine.
The emphasis of present embodiment step 2 is that the ratio of each gas and mixed gas II inflate institute extremely in mixed gas II
Pressure P3 control：
After polyurethane foam rupture of membranes process terminates, the fenestrated membrane of most of polyurethane foam has ruptured in closed container, and
Mixed gas I filled with certain pressure in closed container, is now filled with mixed gas II by certain mixed proportion and stands expansion
A period of time is dissipated, is in order that having gas I and the mixed gas II being filled with closed container in polyurethane foam inner homogeneous
Distribution, make it that violent and uniform chemical reaction occur after lighting a fire, be that the thermal decomposition process of following polyurethane foam is created together
Step and uniform hot environment；
Wherein, during rupture of membranes deflate into pressure P2, gas replenishment process in mixed gas II ratio of each gas and
The inflation of mixed gas II thermally decompose institute's calorific requirement and temperature by the fenestrated membrane of pending polyurethane foam to pressure P3 and determine.
The emphasis of present embodiment step 3 is hot environment duration t3 control：
Gas in closed vessel is reacted rapidly after igniting, and synchronous and uniform high-temperature gas is formed in closed container
Environment, then high temperature gas medium is rapidly to polyurethane heat transfer, the i.e. generation pyrolysis, but due to polyurethane of polyurethane foam
The fenestrated membrane size of foam compares that channels and collaterals size is much smaller, therefore the heat transfer of the two and thermal decomposition process and degree are significantly different
's：Quick pyrolysis occurs for fenestrated membrane, and catabolite is liquid and gaseous state under the hot environment, gaseous decomposition product
Volatilization departs from polyurethane foamed material, and liquid catabolite continues endothermic decomposition while being received under tension to channels and collaterals
Contracting, makes the liquid thermal decomposition product of a small amount of residual be uniformly adhered on channels and collaterals, finally not only gets through whole polyurethane foam
Inner space and channels and collaterals edge it is also smooth neat, at the same time channels and collaterals can also produce the thermal decomposition of slight extent, if but high
Warm environment duration control is suitable, i.e., the polyurethane foam fenestrated membrane disappearance complete moment is the supply for stopping hot environment, is just had
Fenestrated membrane is likely to occur to be wholly absent, but the situation of channels and collaterals loss very little, that is, ensureing the situation of material channels and collaterals intensity and perforate degree
The lower networking processing for completing polyurethane foamed material, and because the hot environment in container is synchronously formed and is evenly distributed on poly-
The each position of urethane foamed material, therefore decomposition reaction is synchronously carried out at each position of material, the thermal decomposition journey at each position
Uniformity is spent, therefore the polyurethane foam networking rate that present embodiment is handled out is high, networking uniform in effect, therefore, High Temperature Gas
Body heat decomposition prepare reticulated polyurethane foam method can ensure simultaneously the channels and collaterals intensity of reticulated polyurethane foam, perforate degree,
The networking uniformity and networking rate.
The emphasis of present embodiment step 3 is exactly to control hot environment duration t3, if hot environment duration t3
Too short, then perforate degree is low；If the hot environment duration, t3 was long, channels and collaterals can be caused with larger Physical Loss or Damage, or even lead
Polyurethane foam is caused irreversible cave in occur.
The emphasis of present embodiment step 4 be inflation rate B, outgassing rate A, C and deflate to pressure P4 control
System：
After thermal decomposition process terminates, networking is complete for polyurethane foam, but is received after hot environment thermal decomposition process
Contract the fenestrated membrane that is attached on channels and collaterals and its catabolite is still liquid, should now discharge in container high-temperature gas first to prevent
Channels and collaterals are further thermally decomposed, and weaken its physical property, are then filled with gas III of the temperature as T1 using given pace, simultaneously
Deflate, the reticulated polyurethane foam of high temperature is cooled down, makes liquid fenestrated membrane and its decomposition being uniformly attached on channels and collaterals
Product is set on channels and collaterals, further strengthens its physical property.
Wherein, inflation rate B, outgassing rate A, C and deflate institute to pressure P4 by temperature field in closed container and pressure
The field of force determines.
Present embodiments provide for a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method, the party
Method has advantages below：
First, can ensure simultaneously physical property, perforate degree, the networking uniformity and the networking rate of reticulated polyurethane foam with
And the smoothness of channels and collaterals, wherein, for perforate degree up to 95%~100%, networking rate can meet its various work(up to more than 98%
The requirement of energy.
2nd, present embodiment is not limited size, the species of pending polyurethane foamed material.
3rd, present embodiment energy-conserving and environment-protective, production efficiency are high, can substitute existing reticulated polyurethane foam completely
Preparation method scale industrial production and promote the use of.
Present embodiment can obtain a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：Gas I described in step 1
For air, hydrogen, oxygen, acetylene, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of air and hydrogen, two kinds of gas of air and oxygen gaseous mixture
Body, air, the mixed gas of three kinds of gas of hydrogen and oxygen, mixed gas, air and the acetylene of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and oxygen
The mixed gas of two kinds of gas, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of air and oxygen, air, three kinds of gases of acetylene and oxygen it is mixed
Close the mixed gas of gas or acetylene and two kinds of gas of oxygen.Other steps are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one or two difference：Institute in step 2
The gas II stated is hydrogen, acetylene, the mixed gas of four kinds of gas of hydrogen and oxygen, the gaseous mixture of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and air
Body, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of acetylene and oxygen, mixed gas, hydrogen, oxygen and the air of two kinds of gas of acetylene and air
The mixed gas or acetylene, the mixed gas of three kinds of gas of oxygen and air of three kinds of gas.Other steps and embodiment
One or two is identical.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to three difference：Institute in step 3
The gas III stated is air or nitrogen.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to four difference：Described V1's
Span is 10m3≤V1≤25m3.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to five difference：Described P1's
Span is 0.3MPa≤P1≤1MPa；Described t1 span is 0.05min≤t1≤10min；Described P2's
Span is 0.1MPa≤P2≤0.3MPa；Described P3 span is 0.1MPa<P3≤0.6MPa；Described t2's
Span is 0.05min≤t2≤5min；Described t3 span is 1s≤t3≤5s；Described P4 span
For 0.1MPa≤P4≤0.6MPa；Described T1 span is -200 DEG C≤T1≤50 DEG C；Described A span is
0.1m3/s≤A≤40m3/s；Described B span is 0.1m3/s≤B≤40m3/s；Described C span is
0.1m3/s≤C≤40m3/s.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven：Present embodiment is that the volume of polyurethane foam is based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method when being V2
The method for preparing reticulated polyurethane foam is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until in closed container
Pressure rise to P5, then the dwell time t4 under P5；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t5；
3rd, cooling procedure：Closed container be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container as P5 using D outgassing rate；
Again with E m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the gas V that temperature is T2 into closed container, while with F m3/ s outgassing rate enters
Row is deflated, and when the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and obtains netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
The blowing pressure P5 of mixed gas IV can meet to press needed for pending polyurethane foam rupture of membranes in present embodiment
Power, rupture of membranes process can be now saved, directly be inflated process, now gas replenishment process there are two purposes：First, make pending
The fenestrated membrane of polyurethane foam reaches certain rupture of membranes rate, second, making mixed gas IV be spread in pending polyurethane foam
It is even；Therefore present embodiment prepares the method for reticulated polyurethane foam and is divided into three processes, is respectively：For rupture of membranes gas replenishment process,
Thermal decomposition process and cooling procedure, this method is introduced below：
Emphasis in present embodiment step 1 is the mixed proportion of each gas and mixed gas IV in mixed gas IV
Inflation to pressure P5 control.
Wherein, in mixed gas IV mixed proportion of each gas and mixed gas IV inflation institute to pressure P5 by pending
The fenestrated membrane thermal decomposition institute's calorific requirement and temperature of polyurethane foam determine.
Emphasis in present embodiment step 2 is hot environment duration t5 control；
Emphasis in present embodiment step 3 be inflation rate E, outgassing rate D and deflate to pressure P5 control
System.
Wherein, inflation rate E, outgassing rate D and deflate institute to pressure P5 by temperature field in closed container and pressure field
Determine.
Embodiment eight：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment seven is：Described gas IV is hydrogen
The mixed gas of two kinds of gas of gas and oxygen, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and air, acetylene and oxygen two kinds of gases
Mixed gas, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of acetylene and air, hydrogen, the mixed gas or second of three kinds of gases of oxygen and air
The mixed gas of three kinds of alkynes, oxygen and air gas.Other embodiments seven are identical.
Embodiment nine：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment seven or eight is：Described in step 3
Gas V be air or nitrogen.Other embodiments seven or eight are identical.
Embodiment ten：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment seven to nine is：Described V2's takes
Value scope is 0.1m3<V1≤10m3；Described P5 span is 0.1MPa<P5≤0.6MPa；Described t4 value model
Enclose for 0.05min≤t4≤5min；Described t5 span is 1s≤t5≤5s；Described D span is
0.1m3/s≤D≤40m3/s；Described E span is 0.1m3/s≤E≤40m3/s；Described T2 span for-
200℃≤T2≤50℃；Described F span is 0.1m3/s≤F≤40m3/s.Other phases of embodiment seven to nine
Together.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using following examples：
Embodiment one：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 11m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.3MPa, then the dwell time 1min under 0.3MPa are risen to, then is deflated, the pressure in closed container is down to 0.13MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container makes container inner pressure rise to 0.18MPa, time of repose
1.5min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 3.5s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment two：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 15m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.4MPa, then the dwell time 1.5min under 0.4MPa are risen to, then is deflated, is down to the pressure in closed container
0.2MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, pressure in closed container is risen to 0.28MPa, time of repose
2min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 3s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment three：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 20m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.5MPa, then the dwell time 2min under 0.5MPa are risen to, then is deflated, the pressure in closed container is down to 0.27MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, container inner pressure is risen to 0.37MPa, time of repose
2.5min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 2.5s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Example IV：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 25m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.6MPa, then the dwell time 2.5min under 0.6MPa are risen to, then is deflated, is down to the pressure in closed container
0.33MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, pressure in closed container is risen to 0.43MPa, time of repose
3min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 2s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment five：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 25m3, type is polyetherurethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.5MPa, then the dwell time 2.5min under 0.5MPa are risen to, then is deflated, is down to the pressure in closed container
0.23MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, pressure in closed container is risen to 0.33MPa, time of repose
3min；
Mixed gas II described in step 2 is hydrogen
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 2s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 15m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 15m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 15m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment six：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 25m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 60PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.55MPa, then the dwell time 2.5min under 0.55MPa are risen to, then is deflated, is down to the pressure in closed container
0.28MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, pressure in closed container is risen to 0.4MPa, time of repose
3min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 1s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 14m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 14m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 14m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment seven：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 25m3, type is polyetherurethane foam, aperture 60PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process：Air is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container
0.45MPa, then the dwell time 2.5min under 0.45MPa are risen to, then is deflated, is down to the pressure in closed container
0.2MPa；
2nd, gas replenishment process：Hydrogen is filled with into closed container, pressure in closed container is risen to 0.28MPa, time of repose
3min；
3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 1s；
4th, cooling procedure：By closed container with 17m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 17m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air of room temperature into closed container, while with 17m3/ s outgassing rate
Deflated, the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, completes high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtain netted poly- ammonia
Ester foam.
Embodiment eight：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 1m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed appearance
Pressure in device rises to 0.2MPa, then dwell time 0.5min at 0.2 mpa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:4；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 3s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Embodiment nine：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 5m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed appearance
Pressure in device rises to 0.24MPa, then the dwell time 0.8min under 0.24MPa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:5；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 3s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Embodiment ten：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 9m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed appearance
Pressure in device rises to 0.3MPa, then the dwell time 1min under 0.3MPa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:5；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 3s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Embodiment 11：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 1m3, type is polyetherurethane foam, aperture 10PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed container
Interior pressure rises to 0.2MPa, then dwell time 0.5min at 0.2 mpa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:4；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 2s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Embodiment 12：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 1m3, type is polyester-type urethane foam, aperture 60PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed container
Interior pressure rises to 0.2MPa, then dwell time 0.5min at 0.2 mpa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:4；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 2.5s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Embodiment 13：When the volume of polyurethane foam is 1m3, type is polyetherurethane foam, aperture 60PPI
When, the method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method is completed according to the following steps：
First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Mixed gas IV is filled with closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until closed container
Interior pressure rises to 0.2MPa, then dwell time 0.5min at 0.2 mpa；
Mixed gas IV described in step 1 is the mixed gas of hydrogen and air；Hydrogen in described mixed gas IV
Volume ratio with air is 1:4；
2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose 1.5s；
3rd, cooling procedure：By closed container with 12m3/ s outgassing rate be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container
For 0.1MPa；Again with 12m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the air that temperature is room temperature into closed container, while with 12m3/ s's puts
Gas velocity rate is deflated, and the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, that is, is completed high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking processing, obtained net
Shape polyurethane foam.
Fig. 1 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment two；
Fig. 3 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment three；
Fig. 4 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by example IV；
Fig. 5 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment five；
Fig. 6 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment six；
Fig. 7 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment seven；
Fig. 8 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment eight；
Fig. 9 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment nine；
Figure 10 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment ten；
Figure 11 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 11；
Figure 12 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 12；
Figure 13 is the digital photograph figure of reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment 13.
It was found from Fig. 1 to Figure 13, reticulated polyurethane foam prepared by embodiment one to embodiment 13 ensure that material
Physical property, perforate degree, the networking uniformity and the smoothness of networking rate and channels and collaterals of material, wherein, perforate degree up to 95%~
100%, networking rate can meet the requirement of its various functions up to more than 98%.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method, it is characterised in that polyurethane foam The method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method when volume is V1 is completed according to the following steps：First, rupture of membranes process：Gas I is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure liter in closed container To P1, then the dwell time t1 under P1, then deflated, the pressure in closed container is down to P2；2nd, gas replenishment process：Gas II is filled with into closed container makes container inner pressure rise to P3, then the time of repose t2 under P3；3rd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t3；4th, cooling procedure：Gas in closed vessel is deflated with A outgassing rate, until the interior pressure of closed container It is down to P4；Gas III of the temperature as T1 is filled with into closed container using B inflation rate again, while carried out with C outgassing rate Deflate, when the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and obtains reticulated polyurethane Foam；Described V1 span is 10m3≤V1≤25m3。
- 2. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 1, its It is air, hydrogen, oxygen, acetylene, the gaseous mixture of two kinds of gas of air and hydrogen to be characterised by the gas I described in step 1 Body, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of air and oxygen, air, mixed gas, hydrogen and the oxygen of three kinds of gas of hydrogen and oxygen The mixing of the mixed gas of two kinds of gas, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of air and acetylene, three kinds of air, acetylene and oxygen gas The mixed gas of gas or acetylene and two kinds of gas of oxygen.
- 3. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 1, its It is two kinds of mixed gas of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and air, acetylene and oxygen gases to be characterised by the gas II described in step 2 Mixed gas, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of acetylene and air, hydrogen, the mixed gas or second of three kinds of gases of oxygen and air The mixed gas of three kinds of alkynes, oxygen and air gas.
- 4. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 1, its It is air or nitrogen to be characterised by the gas III described in step 4.
- 5. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 1, its The span for being characterised by described P1 is 0.3MPa≤P1≤1MPa；Described t1 span is 0.05min≤t1 ≤10min；Described P2 span is 0.1MPa≤P2≤0.3MPa；Described P3 span is 0.1MPa<P3 ≤0.6MPa；Described t2 span is 0.05min≤t2≤5min；Described t3 span be 1s≤t3≤ 5s；Described P4 span is 0.1MPa≤P4≤0.6MPa；Described T1 span is -200 DEG C≤T1≤50 ℃；Described A span is 0.1m3/s≤A≤40m3/s；Described B span is 0.1m3/s≤B≤40m3/ s；Described C span is 0.1m3/s≤C≤40m3/s。
- A kind of 6. method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method, it is characterised in that polyurethane foam The method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method when volume is V2 is completed according to the following steps：First, rupture of membranes process is inflated：Gas IV is filled with into the closed container equipped with polyurethane foam, until the pressure in closed container Power rises to P5, then the dwell time t4 under P5；2nd, thermal decomposition process：Igniting, then time of repose t5；3rd, cooling procedure：Closed container be deflated to the interior pressure of closed container as P5 using D outgassing rate；Again with E m3/ s inflation rate is filled with the gas V that temperature is T2 into closed container, while with F m3/ s outgassing rate is deflated, When the interior temperature of closed container is down to room temperature, i.e. completion high-temperature gas thermal decomposition networking is handled, and obtains reticulated polyurethane foam；Described V2 span is 0.1m3<V2≤10m3。
- 7. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 6, its It is the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and oxygen, the gaseous mixture of two kinds of gas of hydrogen and air to be characterised by described gas IV Body, the mixed gas of two kinds of gas of acetylene and oxygen, mixed gas, hydrogen, oxygen and the air of two kinds of gas of acetylene and air The mixed gas or acetylene, the mixed gas of three kinds of gas of oxygen and air of three kinds of gas.
- 8. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 6, its It is air or nitrogen to be characterised by the gas V described in step 3.
- 9. a kind of method that reticulated polyurethane foam is prepared based on high-temperature gas thermal decomposition method according to claim 6, its The span for being characterised by described P5 is 0.1MPa<P5≤0.6MPa；Described t4 span is 0.05min≤t4 ≤5min；Described t5 span is 1s≤t5≤5s；Described D span is 0.1m3/s≤D≤40m3/s；Institute The E stated span is 0.1m3/s≤E≤40m3/s；Described T2 span is -200 DEG C≤T2≤50 DEG C；It is described F span be 0.1m3/s≤F≤40m3/s。
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