CN105398304B - The two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half - Google Patents
The two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half Download PDFInfo
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- CN105398304B CN105398304B CN201410387589.5A CN201410387589A CN105398304B CN 105398304 B CN105398304 B CN 105398304B CN 201410387589 A CN201410387589 A CN 201410387589A CN 105398304 B CN105398304 B CN 105398304B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half, mainly include：Leaf spring, hanger, oil cylinder connecting rod, the first oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder, cylinder, oil water separator, air pressurizing unit and the air accumulator being sequentially connected；Wherein, during the traveling of load-carrying vehicle, by the rotary motion of the hanger, drive fluid to be flowed from first oil cylinder to second oil cylinder, and then drive the gas of the second oil cylinder compression cylinder, to be inflated to the air accumulator.The two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half of the present invention, can greatly improve use reliability, vehicle comfortableness and energy recovery efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to load-carrying vehicle energy regenerating field, and in particular to a kind of two-way energy regenerative hydro pneumatic suspension of active of load-carrying vehicle half
System.
Background technology
Economy and comfortableness are to evaluate the important indicator of automotive performance.At present, each car manufacturer is low in pursuit
Oil consumption, and energy regenerating opens new effective way to reduce oil consumption raising economy.In international economy crisis and state's internal combustion
Under the overall situation of oily transforming administrative fees into taxes, Vehicular vibration energy recovery is carried out, for dissipative system, improving fuel economy has important meaning
Justice.With the continuous improvement of living standard and the rapid development of automobile industry, people propose higher want to vehicle comfortableness
Ask, and suspension system directly affects the comfortableness of vehicle.In Car design, vehicle economy and comfortableness are organically combined tool
It is significant.Therefore, suspension design and vibration energy regeneration are organically combined, design vehicle riding comfort can be made optimal and
The suspension system of vibration energy regeneration efficiency high has important practical value.
At present, compression cylinder energy regenerative mainly has two kinds：One kind is to use the unidirectional energy regenerative of cylinder；Another kind is unidirectional using oil cylinder
Energy regenerative.Both energy regenerative methods belong to unidirectional energy regenerative, therefore energy recovery efficiency is relatively low, and do not have while recovering energy
Enough considerations are given to vehicle comfortableness.
Existing truck vibration energy recovery system is typically mounted between vehicle frame and vehicle bridge, mainly there is two kinds of specific realities
Existing form：One kind is direct vertical placement energy regenerative compression cylinder, if can store the cylinder or oil cylinder of energy in compression
Deng for this mode because in load-carrying vehicle, suspension dynamic deflection is smaller in actual use, energy recovery efficiency is very low, and practicality is very
Difference, while accessory is more complicated, cost is higher；Another way of realization is that energy regenerative compression cylinder is placed along vehicle frame longitudinal direction,
The conversion of forms of motion is realized by the pinion and rack between vehicle frame and vehicle bridge, due in actual application
Vehicle bridge has the motion of six degree of freedom, and rack-and-pinion the failure to fracture often occurs, causes energy-recuperation system to fail, this reality
Existing form reliability is poor.
And existing truck vibration energy recovery system, the vibration for the small amplitude of high frequency is difficult to reclaim, and shakes greatly
The vibration of width is again less, causes energy recovery efficiency low, can not still reach the requirement of vibrational energy high efficiency recovery, can not
Preferably improve vehicle comfortableness and comfortableness, thus existing load-carrying vehicle vibration energy regeneration are also degrading under some operating modes
System is difficult to promote.In addition, take into account vehicle comfortableness and the vibrational energy that not yet occur maturation in load-carrying vehicle field at present return
The feed energy suspension system for rate of producing effects.
Therefore, vehicle comfortableness, simple in construction, dependable performance and recovery effect can be improved by how being installed on load-carrying vehicle
The high vibration energy regeneration system of rate turns into urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of it is simple in construction, cost is low, dependable performance, can be more
Effective recovery vehicle vibrational energy, improves fuel economy, and the load-carrying vehicle half for improving the comfortableness of cargo vehicle is actively double
To energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half, it is characterised in that including：The steel plate bullet being sequentially connected
Spring, hanger, oil cylinder connecting rod, the first oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder, cylinder, oil water separator, air pressurizing unit and air accumulator；
Described leaf spring one end is connected on vehicle frame, and the other end is connected on the hanger；
Described hanger one end is connected on vehicle frame by revolute, and the other end is connected by revolute and the oil cylinder connecting rod
Connect；
The rodless cavity of first oil cylinder is connected with the oil cylinder connecting rod, and the rod chamber of first oil cylinder is via piston rod
It is connected to by revolute on the vehicle frame；
Connected between first oil cylinder and second oil cylinder by the first oil pipe and the second oil pipe；
The cylinder is connected with second oil cylinder and the oil water separator；
Wherein, during the traveling of load-carrying vehicle, by the rotary motion of the hanger, fluid is driven from the described first oil
Cylinder flows to second oil cylinder, and then drives the gas of the second oil cylinder compression cylinder, to enter to the air accumulator
Row inflation.
Preferably, when the load-carrying vehicle is in first state, the hanger turns clockwise so that first oil cylinder
Compression motion occurs between the piston rod of first oil cylinder, and then drives the gas of the second oil cylinder compression cylinder
Body, compressed gas are inflated along the first gas circuit to the air accumulator；When load-carrying vehicle is in the second state, the hanger
Rotate counterclockwise so that restoring movement occurs between the piston rod of first oil cylinder and first oil cylinder, and then drives institute
The gas that the second oil cylinder compresses the cylinder is stated, compressed gas is inflated along the second gas circuit to the air accumulator.
Preferably, the first check valve, the second check valve, the 3rd are provided between first oil cylinder and second oil cylinder
Check valve, the 4th check valve and the accumulator being connected with first check valve and the second check valve, wherein, described first is single
It is in closing in the first state and second state to valve, the second check valve, the 3rd check valve, the 4th check valve
State.
Preferably, in the first state, first oil if second oil cylinder is in the first extreme position
The fluid that the rod chamber of cylinder needs is compensated by the 4th check valve, and unnecessary caused by the piston rod of first oil cylinder
Fluid, first check valve is flowed through, is stored by the accumulator；And in second state, if second oil
Cylinder is in a fluid part of second extreme position then required for the rodless cavity of first oil cylinder and carried out by the 3rd check valve
Compensation, another part demand fluid caused by the piston rod of first oil cylinder is flowed out by the accumulator, through described second
Check valve compensates.
Preferably, in addition to the cylinder air cleaner being connected；Wherein, the rod chamber of the cylinder and the sky
The 5th check valve is provided between air cleaner, it is single that the 6th is provided between the rodless cavity of the cylinder and the air cleaner
To valve；Be provided with the 7th check valve between the rodless cavity of the cylinder and the oil water separator, the rod chamber of the cylinder with
The 8th check valve is provided between the oil water separator.
Preferably, in addition to the pressure sensor that is arranged on the air accumulator and with the tank connected hair of gas storage
Motivation air pressure separate system, and the electricity communicated to connect respectively with the pressure sensor and the engine air pressure separate system
Sub-control unit, and overflow valve tank connected with the gas storage and air pressure consumption system.
Preferably, when the pressure sensor measures the pressure value p ＜ p of the air accumulatoraWhen, the engine air pressure point
Streaming system is in opening；When the pressure sensor measures pressure value p >=p of the air accumulatoraWhen, the engine air
Pressure separate system is closed；Wherein, Pa is the bottom threshold value of the pressure value of the air accumulator of setting.
Preferably, when the engine air pressure separate system is closed, the active dual feed of load-carrying vehicle half
Energy hydro-pneumatic suspension system is in the first state and the second state of energy regenerating, wherein, in said first condition, if described
The pressure value p ＞ p of air accumulatorb, then Partial shrinkage air is discharged into the atmosphere by the overflow valve, and it is now the 8th unidirectional
Valve is closed, and the 5th check valve is opened；And in said second condition, if the pressure value p ＞ p of the air accumulatorb, then
Partial shrinkage air is discharged into the atmosphere by the overflow valve, and now the 7th closed check valve, the 6th check valve
Open, wherein, pbFor the upper threshold value of the pressure value of the air accumulator of setting.
Preferably, first gas circuit includes being sequentially connected the rodless cavity of cylinder, the 7th check valve, oil water separator and
The gas passage that air accumulator is formed；Second gas circuit includes the rod chamber, the 8th check valve, profit point for the cylinder being sequentially connected
The gas passage formed from device and air accumulator.
Preferably, in addition to：
(1) according to the operating air pressure p required for air pressure consumption systemeAnd the pressure ratio η of booster, calculate to obtain system
Maximum working pressure (MWP) pmax=pe/η；
(2) according to the intensity of hanger material, the trouble free service power F that hanger can undertake can be obtained；
(3) the trouble free service power F and the maximum working pressure (MWP) p of system that can be undertaken according to hangermax, utilize formulaIt can be calculated the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinderu；According to trouble free service power F and cylinder piston rod intensity, choosing
The radius for selecting the piston rod of the first oil cylinder is Rg；
(4) installing space according to the second oil cylinder and cylinder on vehicle frame, the work of the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder is selected
Stroke ratio beta2；
(5) according to the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinderuAnd second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder impulse stroke ratio beta2, calculate
The cylinder barrel inside radius r of the second oil cylinder can be obtainedu=Ru/β；
(6) the angle of oscillation range Theta of hanger under unloaded and full load conditions is measured according to experiment, the length x of hanger, utilizes L=
2x θ can obtain the piston stroke L of the first oil cylinder；
(7) fluid discharged according to the first oil cylinder fully flows into the second oil cylinder, and the fluid of the second oil cylinder discharge flows completely
The requirement for entering the first oil cylinder determines that the radius of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder is rg=Rg/β
(8) according to arrangement space, the piston rod radius for selecting cylinder is rg, impulse stroke l；
(9) optimum damping ratio ξ, the steel plate of suspension system comfortableness are obtained by emulation or theoretical calculation according to vehicle parameter
Spring undertakes load m, leaf spring stiffness K；Utilize formulaIt can be calculated the optimal damping value C of suspension system；
(10) according to the optimal damping value C of suspension system, the diameter of tracheae and oil pipe is selected, and carries out pipeline arrangement.
Actively two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system, its advantage are a kind of load-carrying vehicle provided by the invention half, utilize
Hanger lever when oil cylinder cylinder diameter than amplification impulse stroke, leverage is relevant with ear length and structure, and cylinder diameter ratio is exactly
The inner cylinder tube radius ratio β of two oil cylinders；Realize that forms of motion is changed using the unique movement locus of hanger and linkage, improve
Use reliability, avoid be disposed vertically energy regenerative cylinder formula energy recovery efficiency it is low, complicated the problem of, turn avoid vertical
The problem of placement location energy regenerative cylinder formula poor reliability.In addition, check valve and accumulator are provided between two oil cylinders, to impacting operating mode
Under, the improvement ability of comfortableness is bigger, and low amplitude vibrations energy regenerating ability is higher.
The present invention connects the second oil cylinder with cylinder, constitute not only have elastic component but also have a damping element can reclaim energy
Vibrational energy is converted into air pressure again while as flexible member using compressed air and deposited by the vibration insulating system of amount, the system
Storage.The damping force of the system is throttled by fluid and provided, and elastic force is provided by compressed air, and general principle is identical with hydro pneumatic suspension,
And oil cylinder can feed back energy when both direction is moved, so as to be reclaimed using cylinder, two-way energy regenerative is realized, therefore, should
System parenchyma is a two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system, and air and hydraulic oil provide damping force, damping force adjustable range jointly
It is bigger, and air-liquid cylinder linkage work, two-way recovery ability, energy regenerating ability can be high.The present invention is aided with Electronic Control list again
First ECU is controlled to improve vehicle ride comfort, improves vehicle comfortableness and energy recovery efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
(description of reference numerals)
1. electronic control unit ECU；2. air pressurizing unit；3. air accumulator；4. pressure sensor；
5. engine air pressure separate system；6. vehicle frame；7. the first cylinder piston rod；
8. the first oil cylinder；9. oil cylinder connecting rod；10. hanger；
11. leaf spring；12. accumulator；13. vehicle bridge；
14. equivalent tire；15. the first check valve；16. the second check valve；
17. the 3rd check valve；18. the 4th check valve；19. the second oil cylinder；
20. the second cylinder piston rod；21. shaft coupling；22. the 5th check valve；
23. cylinder piston rod；24. air cleaner；25. the 6th check valve；
26. cylinder；27. the 7th check valve；28. the 8th check valve；
29. overflow valve；30. air pressure consumes system；31. oil water separator
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of the load-carrying vehicle of present embodiment half, including be sequentially connected
Leaf spring 11, hanger 10, oil cylinder connecting rod 9, the first oil cylinder 8, the second oil cylinder 19, cylinder 26, oil water separator 31, booster 2,
Air accumulator 3.
In the present invention, hanger is different from the structure of conventional hanger used in current vehicle, and which employs lever ratio, increases
The length of conventional hanger is grown, and lower end is connected by revolute with oil cylinder connecting rod 9., can root in actual design process
Determined according to the ear length of different vehicle, the intensity of hanger material and installing space, hanger is typically enlarged into original 1.5
~2 times.
Wherein, the one end of leaf spring 11 is connected on vehicle frame 6, and the other end is connected on hanger 10；The one end of hanger 10 passes through
Revolute is connected on vehicle frame 6, and the other end is connected with oil cylinder connecting rod 9 by revolute；Oil cylinder connecting rod 9 passes through with the first oil cylinder 8
Fixed joint connects；The piston rod 7 of first oil cylinder 8 is connected on vehicle frame 6 by revolute；First oil cylinder 8 and the second oil cylinder 19 it
Between pass through the first oil pipe and the second oil pipe and connect.First the first oil pipe of oil pipe and the second oil pipe are respectively to connect the first oil cylinder 8
The rodless cavity of the first oil cylinder 8 of oil pipe and connection and the rodless cavity of the second oil cylinder 9 between the rod chamber of rod chamber and the second oil cylinder 9
Between oil pipe.
Wherein, it is single that the first check valve 15, the second check valve the 16, the 3rd are provided between the first oil cylinder 8 and the second oil cylinder 19
To valve 17, the 4th check valve 18 and the accumulator 12 being connected with the first check valve 15 and the second check valve 16, as shown in figure 1,
One check valve 15, the second check valve 16 are all connected with the first oil pipe；Three, the 4th check valves 17,18 be arranged on the first oil pipe and
Between second oil pipe；The piston rod 20 of second oil cylinder 19 is connected with the piston rod 23 of cylinder 26 by shaft coupling 21；Cylinder 26
Rodless cavity and oil water separator 31 between be provided with the 7th check valve 27；Between the rod chamber and oil water separator 31 of cylinder 26
It is provided with the 8th check valve 28；The 5th check valve 22 is provided between the rod chamber and air cleaner 24 of cylinder 26；Cylinder 26
Rodless cavity and air cleaner 24 between be provided with the 6th check valve 25.
In addition, as shown in figure 1, system also includes the pressure sensor 4 being arranged on air accumulator 3 and is connected with air accumulator 3
Engine air pressure separate system 5, and the electricity communicated to connect respectively with pressure sensor 4 and engine air pressure separate system 5
Sub-control unit ECU1, and overflow valve 29 and air pressure the consumption system 30 being connected respectively with air accumulator 4.
When pressure sensor 4 measures the pressure value p ＜ p of air accumulator 3a(wherein paFor the bottom threshold value of setting) when, start
Machine air pressure separate system 5 is in opening.When pressure sensor 4 measures pressure value p >=p of air accumulator 3aWhen, engine air
Pressure separate system 5 is closed.
The two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half of the present invention is entered in the situation of different working condition below
Row is introduced.
In vehicle traveling process, vehicle frame 6 is because Uneven road is vibrated, but tire is not affected by severe impact, steel plate bullet
Spring 11 can occur compression and restoring movement, cause hanger 10 to be rotated around its point on fixed support, drive fluid from
First oil cylinder 8 flows to the second oil cylinder 19, and then drives the gas of the compression cylinder 26 of the second oil cylinder 19, to be carried out to air accumulator 3
Inflation, so as to carry out the recovery of the energy vibrational energy of load-carrying vehicle.
When pressure sensor 4 measures pressure value p >=p of air accumulator 3aWhen, engine air pressure separate system 5, which is in, closes shape
State.Now, system is in energy regenerating working condition.Energy regenerating working condition can be divided into first state and the second state.This
First state and the second state in invention are determined based on the relative motion between vehicle frame 6 and vehicle bridge 13, when the He of vehicle frame 6
When vehicle bridge 13 is close to each other, referred to as first state, when vehicle frame 6 and vehicle bridge 13 are located remotely from each other, referred to as the second state.
When load-carrying vehicle is in first state, compression motion can occur for leaf spring 11, and hanger 10 is around it in fixed support
On point make clockwise rotation so that between the first oil cylinder 8 and the piston rod 7 of the first oil cylinder occur compression motion, and then
The gas in the compression cylinder 26 of the second oil cylinder 19 is driven, compressed gas is inflated along the first gas circuit to air accumulator 3；Work as load
When lorry is in the second state, hanger 10 makees counter-clockwise rotary motion around its point on fixed support so that the first oil cylinder 8 with
Restoring movement occurs between the piston rod 7 of first oil cylinder, and then drives the gas of the compression cylinder 26 of the second oil cylinder 19, through pressure
The gas of contracting is inflated along the second gas circuit to air accumulator 3.
The first state and the second state of the present invention are described in detail below.
(1) first state
When in the first state, i.e., when vehicle frame 6 and vehicle bridge 13 (it is connected with equivalent tire 14) are close to each other, steel plate
Compression motion occurs for spring 11, and hanger 10 makees clockwise rotation around its point on fixed support, passes through hanger 10 and oil
Compression campaign of the cylinder rod 9 convert rotational motion between the first oil cylinder 8 and its piston rod 7, the first cylinder piston rod 7 promote
The fluid of the rodless cavity of first oil cylinder 8 enters the rodless cavity of the second oil cylinder 19, so as to promote the piston rod 20 of the second oil cylinder 19 to move to left, makes
Its rod chamber fluid enters the rod chamber of the first oil cylinder 8.At the same time, the second oil cylinder 19 is driven to compress the gas of the cylinder
Body, compressed gas are inflated along the first gas circuit to the air accumulator, and specifically, the second oil cylinder 19 passes through the band of piston rod 20
The piston rod 23 of cylinder 26 of taking offence is moved to left, and rodless cavity gas is compressed, pressure rise, closes the 6th check valve 25, and it is single to open the 7th
To valve 27, compressed gas enters booster 2 through the 7th check valve 27 and oil water separator 31, air accumulator 3 is entered after supercharging, completes
Energy regenerating acts.
In a state, if measuring the pressure value p ＞ p of air accumulator 3b(pbFor the upper threshold value of setting) when, by overflowing
Stream valve 29 discharges into the atmosphere Partial shrinkage air.Meanwhile the rod chamber gas of cylinder 26 because piston moves to left and air pressure reduces, the
Eight check valves 28 are closed, and air pushes the 5th check valve 22 open through air cleaner 24, into the rod chamber of cylinder 26, complete air-breathing
Action.In whole process, the first check valve 15, the second check valve 16, the 3rd check valve 16, the 4th check valve 17 are in closing
State.
(2) second states
When in the second state, i.e., when vehicle frame 6 and vehicle bridge 13 (it is connected with equivalent tire 14) are located remotely from each other, steel plate
Restoring movement occurs for spring 11, and hanger 10 makees counter-clockwise rotary motion around its point on fixed support, passes through hanger 10 and oil
Restoring movement of the cylinder rod 9 convert rotational motion between the first oil cylinder 8 and its piston rod 7, the first cylinder piston rod 7 promote
The fluid of the rod chamber of first oil cylinder 8 enters the rod chamber of the second oil cylinder 19, so as to promote the piston rod 20 of the second oil cylinder 19 to move to right,
Its rodless cavity fluid is set to enter the rodless cavity of the first oil cylinder 8.At the same time, the second oil cylinder 19 is driven to compress the gas of the cylinder
Body, compressed gas are inflated along the second gas circuit to the air accumulator, and specifically, the second oil cylinder 19 passes through the band of piston rod 20
The piston rod 23 of cylinder 26 of taking offence is moved to right, and rod chamber gas is compressed, pressure rise, closes the 5th check valve 22, and it is single to open the 8th
To valve 28, compressed gas enters booster 2 through the 8th check valve 28 and oil water separator 31, air accumulator 3 is entered after supercharging, completes
Energy regenerating acts.
In a state, if the pressure value p ＞ p of the air accumulator 3 measuredb(pbFor the upper threshold value of setting) when, pass through
Overflow valve 29 discharges into the atmosphere Partial shrinkage air.Meanwhile the gas of the rodless cavity of cylinder 26 because piston moves to right and air pressure subtracts
Small, the 7th check valve 27 is closed, and air pushes the 6th check valve 25 open through air cleaner 24, complete into the rodless cavity of cylinder 26
Into aspiratory action.In whole process, the first check valve 15, the second check valve 16, the 3rd check valve 16, the 4th check valve 17 are located
In closed mode.
When pressure sensor 4 measures the pressure value p ＜ p of air accumulator 3a(wherein paFor the bottom threshold value of setting) when, pass through
ECU12 starts engine air pressure separate system 5, is that air accumulator 3 is inflated by the air compressor machine on engine.Start in the case of other
Machine air pressure separate system 5 is closed, and is so avoided engine air compressor and is in fuel consumption caused by supply state.
The pressure threshold lower limit of the air accumulator of conventional vehicles is substantially between 8bar~10bar at present, can be according to tool it is determined that during Pa
The purposes of body vehicle and the energy of collection designs, and is about located at 85% or so of conventional vehicles value.
In vehicle traveling process, tire is by severe impact, if the second oil cylinder 19 is because of the compression travel displacement of the first oil cylinder 8
It is excessive and when reaching the first extreme position, now the piston of the second oil cylinder 19 is located at the high order end of its rod chamber：First oil cylinder 8 has
Fluid required for rod cavity, compensated through the 4th check valve 18, the unnecessary fluid caused by piston rod 7, i.e., due to piston rod 7
Mobile discharged fluid part, flow through the first check valve 15, stored by accumulator 12, and the first oil cylinder 8 restore stroke
When, the fluid that accumulator 12 stores flows to the rodless cavity of the first oil cylinder 8 through the second check valve 16；If the second oil cylinder 19 is because of the first oil
Cylinder 8 restore travel displacement it is excessive and when reaching the second extreme position, now the piston of the second oil cylinder 19 is located at the most right of rodless cavity
End：Fluid required for the rodless cavity of first oil cylinder 8, a part compensate through the 3rd check valve 17, and another part is because of piston rod 7
Caused by demand fluid, the i.e. movement due to piston rod 7 so that the volume fractiion shared by original piston rod 7 was available and needed
Fluid is flowed out to fill caused demand fluid by accumulator 12, is compensated through the second check valve 16.
In the present invention, the parameters of system can be selected by following：
(1) the operating air pressure p according to required for air pressure consumes system 30eAnd the pressure ratio η of booster 2, calculating to be
The maximum working pressure (MWP) p of systemmax=pe/η；
(2) according to the basic size, structure and the strength of materials of the material of hanger 10, can obtain hanger using mechanical knowledge can
The trouble free service power F undertaken；
(3) the trouble free service power F and the maximum working pressure (MWP) p of system that can be undertaken according to hanger 10max, utilize formulaIt can be calculated the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinder 8u；According to trouble free service power F and cylinder piston rod intensity,
The radius for selecting the piston rod 7 of the first oil cylinder 8 is Rg；
(4) installing space according to the second oil cylinder 19 and cylinder 26 on vehicle frame, the second oil cylinder 19 and the first oil cylinder 8 are selected
Impulse stroke ratio beta2；In practice, can be according to the actual installation space of the second oil cylinder 19 and cylinder 26 on vehicle frame come really
Determine impulse stroke ratio beta2。
(5) according to the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinder 8uAnd second oil cylinder 19 and the first oil cylinder 8 impulse stroke ratio beta2,
It can be calculated the cylinder barrel inside radius r of the second oil cylinder 19u=Ru/β；
(6) the angle of oscillation range Theta of hanger under unloaded and full load conditions is measured according to experiment, the length x of hanger 2, utilizes L=
2x θ can obtain the piston stroke L of the first oil cylinder 8；
(7) fluid discharged according to the first oil cylinder 8 fully flows into the second oil cylinder 19, and the fluid of the second oil cylinder 19 discharge is complete
The full requirement for flowing into the first oil cylinder 8, the radius for determining the piston rod 20 of the second oil cylinder 19 is rg=Rg/β；
(8) according to arrangement space, the radius of piston rod 23 for selecting cylinder 26 is rg, impulse stroke l；
(9) the optimum damping ratio ξ of suspension system comfortableness, steel plate are obtained by emulation or theoretical calculation according to vehicle parameter
Spring undertakes load m；Leaf spring stiffness K；Utilize formulaIt can be calculated the optimal damping value C of suspension system；
Such as whole vehicle model optimal damping parameter can be established by the more body softwares of ADAMS/Car, it is optimal to obtain comfortableness
Damping ratio ξ；Vehicle oscillatory differential equation group optimal damping parameter can also be established using Theory of Vibration, comfortableness is obtained and most preferably hinders
Buddhist nun compares ξ.
(10) according to the optimal damping value C of suspension system, the diameter of tracheae and oil pipe is selected, and carries out pipeline arrangement.
Pipeline arrangement refers to that system is arranged between each element, and oil pipe is gentle between each element as shown in Figure 1
The length of pipe and the circuit walked, by selecting their length, bending route, caused equivalent damping can be caused to be equal to C；
Pipeline diameter is substantially first determined according to C, is then arranged.The line that specific arrangement refers to the length of oil pipe and tracheae and walked
Road, this is to make industry general knowledge, and oil pipe and tracheae are exactly the connecting tube shown in figure, by selecting their length, bending road
Line, caused equivalent damping can be caused to be equal to C；Pipeline diameter is substantially first determined according to C, is then arranged；Different-diameter
Pipeline caused by C be different.
Embodiment
Next, using certain Medium Truck of certain motor corporation production as sample car, so as to be shaken to the load-carrying vehicle of the present invention
Energy recovery system is described further.
The truck vibration energy recovery system overall structure structure of sample car is as above.Wherein, air accumulator 30 in sample car
Length is 500mm, a diameter of 250mm.
To solve existing truck vibration energy recovery system, high frequency small amplitude motion is difficult to reclaim asking for vibrational energy
Topic, the present invention is using different cylinder diameters and the series connection of the oil cylinder of impulse stroke, so as to realize the stroke amplification to high frequency small amplitude motion；
To improve vehicle comfortableness, avoiding severe road conditions from causing system failure to tire severe impact, the guarantor under limiting condition is devised
Shield bypass, including the first check valve 15, the second check valve 16, the 3rd check valve 16, the 4th check valve 17 and accumulator 12.Simultaneously
The original hanger of leaf spring (length 110mm) is redesigned, according to the intensity and installing space of hanger material, original
Ear length is amplified twice, and length is changed into 220mm, i.e. hanger 10, i.e., using lever ratio, the length of conventional hanger is increased, and
And lower end is connected by revolute with oil cylinder connecting rod 9 so that the situation institute bad by road conditions of vehicle in the process of moving
Even if the small amplitude motion stroke for causing vehicle frame to be turned to the distance between vehicle bridge change in the range of -3mm~3mm further amplifies.
To solve the problems, such as longitudinal placement energy regenerative cylinder formula poor reliability, the present invention utilizes unique movement locus of hanger 2
Realize that forms of motion is changed, i.e., hanger 10 can only rotate around its point on fixed support, by oil cylinder connecting rod 9 rotation
Transhipment turn turns to the first oil cylinder 8 and the compression campaign of its piston rod 7, improves reliability.In order to avoid the first oil cylinder 8 by
Excessive side force so that the piston rod 7 of the first oil cylinder 8 is connected by revolute with vehicle frame 6.
To provide energy recovery efficiency, and vehicle is set to reach comfortableness optimum state, system component parameter, which is chosen, to be used
Following steps：
(1) the operating air pressure p according to required for air pressure consumes system 30e=8e+005Pa and booster 2 pressure ratio η
=2, calculate system maximum working pressure (MWP) pmax=pe/ η=4e+005Pa；
(2) according to the intensity of the material of hanger 10, the trouble free service power F=3000N that hanger can undertake can be obtained.
(3) the trouble free service power F and the maximum working pressure (MWP) p of system that can be undertaken according to hangermax=4e+005Pa, profit
Use formulaIt can be calculated the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinder 8u=50mm；According to trouble free service power F=3000N
And the intensity of cylinder piston rod, the radius for selecting the piston rod 7 of the first oil cylinder 8 is Rg=10；
(4) installing space according to the second oil cylinder 19 and cylinder 26 on vehicle frame, the second oil cylinder 19 and the first oil cylinder 8 are selected
Impulse stroke ratio beta2=4；
(5) according to the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinder 8u=50mm and the impulse stroke of the second oil cylinder 19 and the first oil cylinder 8
Ratio beta2=4, it can be calculated half r in the cylinder barrel of the second oil cylinder 19u=Ru/ β=25mm；
(6) the swing angular region that hanger under unloaded and full load conditions is measured according to experiment is -10 °~10 °, ear length x
=120mm, the first oil cylinder piston stroke L=80mm can be obtained using L=2x θ.
(7) fluid discharged according to the first oil cylinder 8 fully flows into the second oil cylinder 19, and the fluid of the second oil cylinder 19 discharge is complete
The full requirement for flowing into the first oil cylinder 8, the radius for determining the piston rod 20 of the second oil cylinder 19 is rg=Rg/ β=5mm；
(8) according to the strength of materials of the piston rod 23 of cylinder 26, the radius of piston rod 23 for selecting cylinder 26 is rg=5mm, root
It is l=200mm according to arrangement space impulse stroke；
(9) according to vehicle parameter by emulation or theoretical calculation obtain the optimum damping ratio ξ of suspension system comfortableness=
0.2, leaf spring undertakes load m=5000kg；Leaf spring stiffness K=970000N/m；Utilize formulaCalculate
The optimal damping value C=2.7857e+004Ns/m of suspension system can be obtained；
Such as whole vehicle model optimal damping parameter can be established by the more body softwares of ADAMS/Car, it is optimal to obtain comfortableness
Damping ratio ξ；Vehicle oscillatory differential equation group optimal damping parameter can also be established using Theory of Vibration, comfortableness is obtained and most preferably hinders
Buddhist nun compares ξ.
(10) according to the optimal damping value C=2.7857e+004Ns/m of suspension system, the diameter of tracheae and oil pipe is selected,
And carry out pipeline arrangement so that system damping value is 2.7857e+004Ns/m.
To verify the comfortableness and energy recovery efficiency of sample car, using emulation with testing the method being combined, energy is returned
Yield is estimated, and carries out contrast verification to riding comfort：
Associative simulation model is established using software ADAMS/Car and software EASY5.Each portion in model is measured using test method(s)
Part quality and rotary inertia, rubber bushing six are to rigidity, resistance of shock absorber, leaf spring rigidity, tire stiffness.Speed is
60km/h, it is 15 tons that spring, which carries, and road surface input is using GB7031-86 standards road spectrum grade A, B, C, D.
The energy regenerating evaluation table of table 1
Emulation shows that it is 15 tons that the spring of sample car, which carries, and speed is that 60km/h is travelled when on A, B, C, D level road surface respectively, energy
The amount rate of recovery is followed successively by 2.30%, 5.60%, 10.22%, 18.27%.
The riding comfort evaluation table of table 2
Emulation shows that it is 15 tons that sample car spring, which carries, and speed is that 60km/h is travelled when on A, B, C, D level road surface, comfortably respectively
Property improve percentage be followed successively by 8.06%, 18.82%, 20.0%, 21.69%.
To sum up, the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle of the invention half has not only reclaimed the vibrational energy of load-carrying vehicle
Amount, turn avoid only engine air compressor and is in fuel consumption caused by supply state, save the fuel consumption of engine.
The present invention connects the second oil cylinder with cylinder, constitutes the vibration damping that can be recovered energy for not only having elastic component but also having damping element
System, the damping force of the system is throttled by fluid to be provided, and elastic force is provided by compressed air, general principle and hydro pneumatic suspension phase
Together, and two-way energy regenerative.The present invention is aided with electronic control unit ECU controls and improves vehicle comfortableness again.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half, it is characterised in that including：The steel plate bullet being sequentially connected Spring, hanger, oil cylinder connecting rod, the first oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder, cylinder, oil water separator, air pressurizing unit and air accumulator；Described leaf spring one end is connected on vehicle frame, and the other end is connected on the hanger；Described hanger one end is connected on vehicle frame by revolute, and the other end is connected by revolute with the oil cylinder connecting rod；The rodless cavity of first oil cylinder is connected with the oil cylinder connecting rod, and the rod chamber of first oil cylinder passes through via piston rod Revolute is connected on the vehicle frame；Connected between first oil cylinder and second oil cylinder by the first oil pipe and the second oil pipe；The cylinder is connected with second oil cylinder, the oil water separator respectively；Wherein, during the traveling of load-carrying vehicle, by the rotary motion of the hanger, drive fluid from first oil cylinder to The second oil cylinder flowing, and then the gas of the second oil cylinder compression cylinder is driven, to be filled to the air accumulator Gas.
- 2. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 1 half, it is characterised in thatWhen actively two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system is in the first state of energy regenerating to the load-carrying vehicle half, the hanger is suitable Hour hands rotate so that compression motion occurs between the piston rod of first oil cylinder and first oil cylinder, and then described in drive Second oil cylinder compresses the gas of the cylinder, and compressed gas is inflated along the first gas circuit to the air accumulator；When actively two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system is in the second state of energy regenerating to load-carrying vehicle half, the hanger is counterclockwise Rotation so that restoring movement occurs between the piston rod of first oil cylinder and first oil cylinder, and then drives described second Oil cylinder compresses the gas of the cylinder, and compressed gas is inflated along the second gas circuit to the air accumulator.
- 3. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 2 half, it is characterised in that described first Be provided between oil cylinder and second oil cylinder the first check valve, the second check valve, the 3rd check valve, the 4th check valve and with The connected accumulator of first check valve and the second check valve,Wherein, first check valve, the second check valve, the 3rd check valve, the 4th check valve are in the first state and described Closed mode is in during the second state.
- 4. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 3 half, it is characterised in thatIn the first state, the rod chamber of first oil cylinder needs if second oil cylinder is in the first extreme position The fluid wanted is compensated by the 4th check valve, and the unnecessary fluid caused by the piston rod of first oil cylinder, flows through institute The first check valve is stated, is stored by the accumulator；AndIn second state, the rodless cavity institute of first oil cylinder if second oil cylinder is in the second extreme position The fluid part needed is compensated by the 3rd check valve, and another part needs caused by the piston rod of first oil cylinder Ask fluid to be flowed out by the accumulator, compensated through second check valve.
- 5. the actively two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 4 half, it is characterised in that also include with The air cleaner of the cylinder connection；Wherein, be provided with the 5th check valve between the rod chamber of the cylinder and the air cleaner, the cylinder without bar The 6th check valve is provided between chamber and the air cleaner；Set between the rodless cavity of the cylinder and the oil water separator The 7th check valve is equipped with, the 8th check valve is provided between the rod chamber of the cylinder and the oil water separator.
- 6. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 5 half, it is characterised in that also include setting Put pressure sensor on the air accumulator and with the tank connected engine air pressure separate system of the gas storage, Yi Jifen The electronic control unit not communicated to connect with the pressure sensor and the engine air pressure separate system, and with the storage The tank connected overflow valve of gas and air pressure consumption system.
- 7. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 6 half, it is characterised in thatWhen the pressure sensor measures the pressure value p ＜ p of the air accumulatoraWhen, the engine air pressure separate system is in and opened Open state；When the pressure sensor measures pressure value p >=p of the air accumulatoraWhen, the engine air pressure separate system, which is in, to close Closed state；Wherein, Pa is the bottom threshold value of the pressure value of the air accumulator of setting.
- 8. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 7 half, it is characterised in that when the hair When motivation air pressure separate system is closed, actively two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system returns the load-carrying vehicle half in energy The first state of receipts and the second state,Wherein, in said first condition, if the pressure value p ＞ p of the air accumulatorb, then part is pressed by the overflow valve Contracting air is discharged into the atmosphere, and now the 8th closed check valve, and the 5th check valve is opened；AndIn said second condition, if the pressure value p ＞ p of the air accumulatorb, then it is by the overflow valve that Partial shrinkage is empty Gas is discharged into the atmosphere, and now the 7th closed check valve, and the 6th check valve is opened,Wherein, pbFor the upper threshold value of the pressure value of the air accumulator of setting.
- 9. the two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle according to claim 5 half, it is characterised in that described first Gas circuit includes the gas passage that rodless cavity, the 7th check valve, oil water separator and the air accumulator of the cylinder being sequentially connected are formed；Institute State the gas that rod chamber, the 8th check valve, oil water separator and the air accumulator of the cylinder that the second gas circuit includes being sequentially connected are formed Path.
- Actively 10. two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system, its feature exist the load-carrying vehicle half according to any one of claim 6 to 9 In, in addition to：(1) according to the operating air pressure p required for air pressure consumption systemeAnd the pressure ratio η of booster, calculate system maximum Operating pressure pmax=pe/η；(2) according to the intensity of hanger material, the trouble free service power F that hanger can undertake can be obtained；(3) the trouble free service power F and the maximum working pressure (MWP) p of system that can be undertaken according to hangermax, utilize formula It can be calculated the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinderu；According to trouble free service power F and cylinder piston rod intensity, the first oil cylinder is selected The radius of piston rod be Rg；(4) installing space according to the second oil cylinder and cylinder on vehicle frame, the impulse stroke of the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder is selected Ratio beta2；(5) according to the cylinder barrel inside radius R of the first oil cylinderuAnd second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder impulse stroke ratio beta2, can be calculated The cylinder barrel inside radius r of second oil cylinderu=Ru/β；(6) the angle of oscillation range Theta of hanger under unloaded and full load conditions is measured according to experiment, the length x of hanger can using L=2x θ Obtain the piston stroke L of the first oil cylinder；(7) fluid discharged according to the first oil cylinder fully flows into the second oil cylinder, and the fluid of the second oil cylinder discharge fully flows into the The requirement of one oil cylinder determines that the radius of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder is rg=Rg/β(8) according to arrangement space, the piston rod radius for selecting cylinder is rg, impulse stroke l；(9) optimum damping ratio ξ, the leaf spring of suspension system comfortableness are obtained by emulation or theoretical calculation according to vehicle parameter Undertake load m, leaf spring stiffness K；Utilize formulaIt can be calculated the optimal damping value C of suspension system；(10) according to the optimal damping value C of suspension system, the diameter of tracheae and oil pipe is selected, and carries out pipeline arrangement.
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| CN201410387589.5A CN105398304B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-08 | The two-way energy regenerative hydro-pneumatic suspension system of active of load-carrying vehicle half |
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| CN106114112B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽皖鹏新能源车辆制造有限公司 | A kind of semitrailer power generator |
| CN107116984A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of vehicle hydraulic pressure interconnects feed energy suspension |
| CN108973570B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-10 | 黄河科技学院 | Wide-body mining vehicle suspension system combining plate spring and hydro-pneumatic suspension |
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| JP2000272320A (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-10-03 | Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | Active suspension system for vehicle |
| CN1562652A (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-01-12 | 江苏大学 | Feeding-in energy type hanger bracket for vehicle use |
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