CN105397401A - Under-pressure welding method - Google Patents
Under-pressure welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105397401A CN105397401A CN201410464694.4A CN201410464694A CN105397401A CN 105397401 A CN105397401 A CN 105397401A CN 201410464694 A CN201410464694 A CN 201410464694A CN 105397401 A CN105397401 A CN 105397401A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an under-pressure welding method and belongs to the field of equipment leakage treatment. The method includes the steps that whether the thickness of the edge of a leakage point is larger than three mm or not is judged; when the thickness of the edge of the leakage point is larger than three mm, the type of the leakage point is determined according to the shape, size and position of the leakage point, and the types of the leakage point include small holes, cracks, regular holes of a regular part of equipment, irregular holes of the regular part of the equipment and holes of an irregular part of the equipment; and the leakage point is welded and repaired according to the type of the leakage point. According to different types of the leakage point, the leakage point is treated respectively through under-pressure welding modes including direct welding, welding after leaking stoppage through a plugging device, flow guide welding through a flow guide pipe and the like, and the pertinence, operability, generalizability and reliability are quite high.
Description
Technical field
The equipment that the present invention relates to reveals processing technology field, particularly one welding method with pressure.
Background technology
In the course of work of container, pipeline, equipment and valve etc., especially be applied in the carrying in refining and petrochemical processing units, low pressure non-flammable be explosive, the container of non-toxicity hazardous medium, pipeline, equipment and valve, owing to running under the environment such as HTHP, erosion for a long time, it is constantly corroded and washes away, add the defect itself existed, these containers, pipeline, equipment and valve etc. are often leaked.In order to ensure to produce, process with pressure is carried out to leak site very necessary.
In prior art, the mode of reinforcing sleeve sealing or jig injecting glue pressure sealing can be adopted to process leak site.Wherein, adopt reinforcing sleeve sealing to be behind the regular position first determining to comprise leak site, measure its size, then the reinforcing sleeve of the area more than 10 times making regular position wraps up to leak site; The mode of jig injecting glue pressure sealing is first according to the annular jig of the shape processing coupling of leakage position, then jig is arranged on leakage position, then to injecting glue in the gap of jig, thus has reached hermetic effect.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that prior art at least exists following problem:
Because leakage position is all irregular shape usually, in order to reach good sealing effectiveness, convenient working, it can only be the parcel scope expanding reinforcing sleeve, carry out blanking according to the position of the regular shape comprising leakage position and make reinforcing sleeve, 5 people are at least needed to work continuously for continuous 6 hours, repair minimum 0.5 ten thousand yuan of the cost of a leak site, activity duration is long, manpower and materials expend greatly, and adopt jig injecting glue pressure sealing mode, a leak site generally needs at least 3 vice card tools, in order to reach good sealing effectiveness, the smooth exact requirements of sealing surface of jig is high, difficulty is brought to the processing and manufacturing of jig, at least need 4 people to work continuously for continuous 4 hours simultaneously, repair minimum 0.15 ten thousand yuan of the cost of a leak site, activity duration is long, manpower and materials expend greatly, and the leak site in middle pressure pipeline is also difficult to reach long-term complete hermetic effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure.Described technical scheme is as follows:
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to repair the leak source on medium load bearing equipment, described method comprises:
Judge whether the thickness at the edge of described leak source is greater than 3mm;
When the thickness at the edge of described leak source is greater than 3mm, determine the type of described leak source according to the shape of described leak source, size and position, described type comprise aperture, crackle, be positioned at the Rule section of described equipment regular hole, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of described equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of described equipment;
Type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source.
Further, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, comprising:
When described leak source is aperture, the edge of rolling tool to described leak source is adopted to roll;
Welding rod arc welding technology is adopted to carry out bridgings welding formation sealing bead to the described leak source after rolling;
Described sealing bead forms cap weld.
Further, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, comprising:
When described leak source is described crackle, on described crackle, interval arranges multiple pad, from the outermost described pad at the two ends of described crackle, successively with pad described in each for starting point, welding rod arc welding technology is adopted to weld described crackle along the direction to the two ends of described crackle, thus sealing bead is formed respectively between outermost described pad and the end points of described crackle and between adjacent described pad, the width of described sealing bead is greater than the width of described crackle;
Described sealing bead welds cap weld.
Further, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, comprising:
When described leak source is the regular hole of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment, stifled for plug device is filled in described leak source and blocks described leak source, described plug blocks up device and comprises bullet and strengthen platform, described reinforcement platform structure and be set in outside described bullet in the form of a ring, the surface contact of described reinforcement platform and described equipment, the external diameter of described reinforcement platform is greater than the diameter of described leak source;
Weld seam is formed respectively at described bullet and described reinforcement platform junction and described reinforcement platform and described equipment contact position.
Further, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, comprising:
When described leak source be the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment or be positioned at the hole of irregular part of described equipment time, one end of mozzle is fitted in the surface of described equipment, described leak source is positioned at described mozzle;
Fixture is adopted one end of described mozzle to be welded on the surface of described equipment and to seal the other end of described mozzle.
Further, when described leak source is the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
One end of described mozzle is docked with described leak source through after stiffener, makes described leak source be positioned at described mozzle, the surface contact of described stiffener and described equipment;
At the other end welded flange of described mozzle, described flange connects blind plate;
Weld seam is formed in the contact position of described stiffener and described equipment.
Further,
Preferably, when described leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at described equipment and described irregular portion is divided into the junction of two pipes angularly, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
The shape with the form fit of described irregular part is processed in one end of described mozzle and sleeve pipe, and described sleeve pipe is used for being enclosed within outside described mozzle;
Between described mozzle and described hole and outside described mozzle, seal is set;
By described casing pipe sleeve on described seal, one end of described mozzle and described sleeve pipe is fitted in described irregular part, and at the other end welded flange of described sleeve pipe, described flange installs blind plate;
Weld seam is formed in the contact position of described sleeve pipe and described equipment.
Preferably, described seal is set between described mozzle and described hole and between described mozzle and described sleeve pipe, comprises:
Encapsulant is filled in packing groove on the end face that described mozzle contacts with described equipment;
Clamping sleeve and the compression back of the body being emitted is enclosed within described mozzle, described clamping sleeve and the described compression back of the body emit between described mozzle and described sleeve pipe, one end of described clamping sleeve emits with the described compression back of the body and is connected, and on the outer wall of described mozzle, be wound around described encapsulant, described encapsulant respectively with the other end and the described irregular part contact of described clamping sleeve.
Further, when described leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at described equipment and described irregular portion is divided into Special-shaped flange junction, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
One end of described mozzle is processed into the shape with the form fit of described Special-shaped flange junction;
Adopt welding rod arc welding technology by described Special-shaped flange junction seal welding;
One end after described mozzle processing is fitted in the surface of described equipment, and welds joint place, described leak source is positioned at described mozzle;
At the other end welded flange of described mozzle, and on described flange, blind plate is installed.
Preferably, described employing welding rod arc welding technology, by described Special-shaped flange junction seal welding, comprising:
By the two ends of described leak source, the opposite side of described Special-shaped flange junction is corresponding with the two ends of described leak source 2 carry out tack welding respectively;
Weld respectively from the two ends of described leak source along described Special-shaped flange junction to 2 of described correspondence, and the described Special-shaped flange junction between 2 that weld described correspondence, form sealing bead;
Described sealing bead forms cap weld.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is:
By the shape of leak source, size and position, determine that the type of leak source comprises aperture, crackle, be positioned at the regular hole of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of equipment, type according to leak source carries out classification design, and then adopt different welding methods with pressure to process respectively to various types of leak source, specific aim, operability, replicability and reliability are very strong, the method of often kind of welding with pressure all can shorten the activity duration effectively, reduce costs and labour intensity, and the method for often kind of welding with pressure all can reach long-term complete hermetic effect, long service life, also save cost to a certain extent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 2 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 2 provides;
Fig. 2 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 2 provides;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Fig. 3 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 3 provides;
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 3 provides;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention four provides;
Fig. 4 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 4 provides;
Fig. 4 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 4 provides;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention five provides;
Fig. 5 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 5 provides;
Fig. 5 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 5 provides;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention six provides;
Fig. 6 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 6 provides;
Fig. 6 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 6 provides;
Fig. 6 c is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 6 provides;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the welding method a kind of with pressure that the embodiment of the present invention seven provides;
Fig. 7 a is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 7 provides;
Fig. 7 b is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 7 provides;
Fig. 7 c is the schematic diagram of the welding method with pressure that Fig. 7 provides.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Embodiment one
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to repair the leak source on medium load bearing equipment, see Fig. 1, the method comprises:
Step 101: judge whether the thickness at the edge of leak source is greater than 3mm.
Step 102: when the thickness at the edge of leak source is greater than 3mm, determine the type of leak source according to the shape of leak source, size and position, type comprise aperture, crackle, be positioned at the Rule section of equipment regular hole, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of equipment.
Step 103: the type according to leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to leak source.
Wherein, equipment can comprise pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange.The irregular portion of equipment divides the junction comprising Special-shaped flange junction and two pipes angularly (such as orthogonal two pipes).Particularly, the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel.
It should be noted that, the welding method various with pressure provided in the present invention is all in the normal course of work of equipment, repairs each leak source.Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium carried in equipment should be that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
In actual applications, the thickness at the edge of leak source can substitute with the thickness of leak source place equipment.Concrete thickness judgment mode can be, pressure or low-pressure medium in determining apparatus conveying; If conveying is middle piezodielectric, and it allows the time limit used again below 15 years, and so its thickness is greater than 3mm; If conveying is low-pressure medium, and it allows the time limit used again more than 10 years, so thickness is less than 3mm, ensure that the thickness at the edge of leak source is greater than 3mm, can effectively avoid in the process to leak source reparation, due to thickness too little at the edge of leak source, the problem of again boring a hole when welding.
Wherein, aperture is preferably the hole that maximum gauge is less than 2mm, and the width of crackle is preferably less than 1mm, hole be the Rule section being positioned at equipment regular hole, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of equipment.Particularly, hole can be high temperature cabonization on equipment, the burn into hole formed such as worn out, and also can be the hole formed after the fractures such as the mouth of pipe place of equipment, the maximum gauge of this hole be greater than 2mm.
Particularly, when leak source be crackle and aperture time, directly can form weld seam at crackle and aperture place;
When leak source is the regular hole of the Rule section being positioned at equipment, the stifled device of plug can be adopted to block leak source, then stifled for plug device is welded on the surface of equipment, with seal leakage position;
When leak source be the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at equipment or be positioned at the hole of irregular part of equipment time, mozzle can be adopted to be fitted in the surface of equipment, make leak source be positioned at mozzle, then seal the two ends of mozzle respectively, with sealing leak position.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the shape of leak source, size and position, determine that the type of leak source comprises aperture, crackle, be positioned at the regular hole of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of equipment, type according to leak source carries out classification design, and then adopt different welding methods with pressure to process respectively to various types of leak source, specific aim, operability, replicability and reliability are all very strong, the method of often kind of welding with pressure all can shorten the activity duration effectively, reduce costs and labour intensity, and the method for often kind of welding with pressure all can reach long-term complete hermetic effect, long service life, also save cost to a certain extent.
Embodiment two
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to carry out REPAIR WELDING to the leak source of small pore type, see Fig. 2, the method comprises:
Step 201: when leak source is aperture, adopts the edge of rolling tool to leak source to roll.
When realizing, the maximum gauge of aperture is preferably less than 2mm.
Wherein, the edge adopting rolling tool to roll leak source is formed and grinds solid point, can play temporary transient sealing function.The diameter of leak source is less than 2mm, because leak source is smaller, can effectively prevent from rolling inefficacy.Particularly, rolling tool can be hammer etc.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 202: adopt welding rod arc welding technology to carry out bridgings welding formation sealing bead to the leak source after rolling.
Adopt SMAW welding of putting up a bridge to grind solid point and form sealing bead, can avoid grinding the problem that the metal molten into aperture (i.e. leak source) leaks again.
Step 203: form cap weld on sealing bead.
SMAW fine melt sealing bead is adopted to form cap weld, to ensure thoroughly to seal leak source.
Composition graphs 2a and Fig. 2 b, is described on pipeline 3 for leak source 5, adopts rolling tool 7 to be formed at the edge of leak source 5 and grinds solid point 8, and sealing bead 10 and cap weld 11 is defined successively on stone roller solid point 8, wherein, the edge thickness of leak source is the thickness 4,6 of pipeline 3 is leak source diameter.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the leak source to small pore type, and after carrying out rolling formation stone roller solid point, leak source edge, then carry out welding formation sealing bead and cover welding, thus reach good sealing effectiveness, realize simple, time saving and energy saving, cost is low.
Embodiment three
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to carry out REPAIR WELDING to crackle, see Fig. 3, the method comprises:
Step 301: when leak source is described crackle, on crackle, interval arranges multiple pad, from the outermost pad at the two ends of crackle, successively with each pad for starting point, adopt welding rod arc welding technology along the direction weld crack to the two ends of crackle, thus sealing bead is formed respectively between outermost pad and the end points of crackle and between adjacent pad, the width of sealing bead is greater than the width of crackle.
Particularly, setpoint distance place, distance crackle two ends first on crackle can be set to the first pad, adopt welding rod arc welding technology from the first pad respectively to crackle two ends weld crack, form the first sealing bead, from the first pad, second pad is determined at interval of the second setpoint distance in the middle part of crackle, and select gradually away from second pad at crackle two ends successively, to the direction at crackle two ends successively weld crack to previous second pad of covering from the second pad selected, form the second sealing bead, the width of the first sealing bead and the second sealing bead is greater than the width of crackle.
Wherein, the first setpoint distance and the second setpoint distance can be determined according to the length of crackle, and preferably, the first setpoint distance is 18 ~ 20mm, and the second setpoint distance is 4 ~ 5mm.The width of crackle is preferably less than 1mm.When crack width is more than or equal to 1mm, and when being less than or equal to 10mm, the method for the present embodiment still can be adopted to repair, and the mode that also aforementioned enhanced leaktightness can be adopted to overlap is repaired.In actual applications, when crack width is greater than 10mm, generally just thinks that the leak source on now equipment need not be repaired, directly can replace the pipeline etc. of leakage place.
Composition graphs 3a and Fig. 3 b, be described on pipeline 3 for crackle 6, the two ends of crackle 6 mark with A and B respectively, its width 7, first sealing bead is 10,11, and the second sealing bead is 12,13,14,15,16 and 17, wherein, the welding direction of the first sealing bead 10 and the second sealing bead 12,14,16 is from B to A, and the welding direction of the first sealing bead 11 and the second sealing bead 13,15,17 is from A to B.Such welding sequence, can prevent the ends A of crackle 6, B spreading at the crackle of welding process.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 302: weld cap weld on sealing bead.
SMAW fine melt first sealing bead and the second sealing bead is adopted to form cap weld, to ensure thoroughly to seal leak source.
The embodiment of the present invention adopts setpoint distance place, distance crackle two ends first on crackle by crackle, respectively to crackle two ends weld crack, form the first sealing bead, and from distance setpoint distance place, crackle two ends first, a pad is determined at interval of the second setpoint distance in the middle part of crackle, and select gradually away from the pad at crackle two ends successively, to the direction at distance crackle two ends successively weld crack to the previous pad of covering from the pad selected, form the second sealing bead, rational welding sequence and direction, segmentation welding crack arrest weld seam i.e. the first sealing bead and receipts tight weld seam i.e. the second sealing bead, welding stress is progressively played a role, SMAW fine melt sealing bead is adopted to form complete seal-weld, crackle is received gradually and sternly reaches permanent complete hermetic effect.
Embodiment four
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, the regular hole being applicable to the Rule section of the equipment that is positioned at carries out REPAIR WELDING, and see Fig. 4, the method comprises:
Step 401: when leak source is the regular hole of the Rule section being positioned at equipment, stifled for plug device is filled in leak source and blocks leak source, the stifled device of plug comprises bullet and strengthens platform, strengthen platform structure and be set in outside bullet in the form of a ring, strengthen the surface contact of platform and equipment, the external diameter strengthening platform is greater than the diameter of leak source.
Alternatively, the diameter of leak source is greater than 2mm, and little Yu 50mm.Preferably, the diameter of leak source is greater than 5mm.When realizing, when the diameter of leak source is greater than 50mm, generally just think that the leak source on now equipment need not be repaired, directly can replace the pipeline etc. of leakage place.
When realizing, the size of filling in stifled device can be determined according to the diameter of leak source, bullet one end diameter be less than the diameter of leak source, the external diameter strengthening platform is greater than the diameter of leak source.Particularly, bullet can select No. 45 steel or other round steel to make.Strengthening platform also can select No. 45 steel or other round steel to make.Because the diameter strengthening platform is greater than the diameter of leak source, installing stopper blocks up device and after strengthening platform, the stifled device of plug can not slip in leak source, so that carry out welded seal.
See Fig. 4 a, be described on pipeline 3 for leak source 7, when realizing, at the afterbody welding handle 12 of the other end of bullet 10, leak source 7 can be blocked so that filled in leak source 7 one end of bullet 10, ensure that operating personnel avoids the medium revealed completely.Strengthen platform 11 stifled between device 10 and handle 12 at plug.Wherein, duct thickness 6 is greater than 3mm, and the diameter 8 of leak source 7 is greater than the diameter of bullet 10 one end, and is less than the diameter strengthening platform 11, and 100 is the stifled device of plug.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 402: bullet with strengthen platform junction and strengthen platform and equipment contact position forms weld seam respectively.
When realizing, adopt the solid bullet of welding rod arc welding technology symmetric points and strengthen the seam of platform and strengthen the seam at platform and equipment connection place, when preventing from welding, the stifled device of plug loosens and again leaks, adopt welding rod arc welding technology more from the bottom to top, welded bullet by left-to-right welding sequence and strengthened platform and strengthen the seam of platform and equipment connection, be the welding of double-deck single track, finally form weld seam 13 and 14 (see Fig. 4 b).
The embodiment of the present invention is repaired by adopting the stifled regular hole of device to the Rule section being positioned at equipment of plug, and adopt tack welding bullet and strengthen the seam of platform and strengthen the seam at platform and equipment connection place, and after adopting specific welding sequence to weld, form the welding of double-deck single track, can reach hermetic effect, Reliability comparotive is strong.
Embodiment five
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to carry out REPAIR WELDING to the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at equipment, see Fig. 5, the method comprises:
Step 501: when leak source is the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at equipment, docks one end of mozzle with leak source through after stiffener, makes leak source be positioned at mozzle, the surface contact of stiffener and equipment.
Wherein, stiffener offers the installing hole that mozzle passes, can according to the diameter of the maximum external diameter of a circle determination mozzle of leak source, and according to the diameter of the installing hole that the diameter determination stiffener of mozzle is offered, the diameter of mozzle is greater than the external diameter of a circle of leak source, the diameter of installing hole is greater than the diameter of mozzle wherein, and one end of mozzle expands outwardly flare, and stiffener is welded on this end to be fixed by mozzle.When realizing, the external diameter of a circle of leak source can use ruler to measure.Particularly, stiffener is identical with the material that equipment adopts with the material of mozzle.
Preferably, the maximum gauge of irregular holes is more than or equal to 2mm, and the minimum diameter of the equipment at hole place place is greater than 32mm, so that make the parts such as mozzle.
In actual applications, the pipeline at leak source place, valve, container or device diameters 4 should be greater than 32mm, are convenient to make mozzle etc.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 502: at the other end welded flange of mozzle, flange connects blind plate.
When realizing, according to the diameter determination flange of mozzle and the size of blind plate, the size of flange is greater than the diameter of mozzle, and blind plate size equals the size of flange.Flange welding is in one end of the non-connection reinforcement plate of mozzle, and blind plate and Flange joint, to seal one end of mozzle.Particularly, blind plate can weld with flange or bolt is connected.
Step 503: form weld seam in the contact position of stiffener and equipment.
When realizing, first can adopt the solid seam between stiffener and equipment of welding rod arc welding technology symmetric points, then adopt from the bottom to top, weld the seam between stiffener and equipment by left-to-right welding sequence, finally form weld seam.
See Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, be described on pipeline 3 for leak source 8, the diameter 4 of pipeline 3 and thickness 7, the ends A of mozzle 12, B, leak source 8 is positioned at the center of the B end of mozzle 12, and B holds outside weld to be connected to stiffener 11, and outer and the pipeline 3 of stiffener 11 form weld seam 16.Flange 13 is arranged on the A end of mozzle 12, and blind plate 14 is arranged on flange 13.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through the irregular holes to the Rule section being positioned at equipment, according to the size of its leak source, select corresponding mozzle, stiffener, flange, blind plate, by welding, these parts are linked to be integral sealing component, thus reach permanent complete hermetic effect, can process various irregular leak source, practical.
Embodiment six
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to the hole of the irregular part of the equipment that is positioned at and irregular portion is divided into the leak source of the junction of two pipes angularly to carry out REPAIR WELDING, see Fig. 6, the method comprises:
Step 601: when leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at equipment and irregular portion is divided into the junction of two pipes angularly, the shape with the form fit of irregular part is processed in one end of mozzle and sleeve pipe, and sleeve pipe is used for being enclosed within outside mozzle.
Wherein, the angle of two Guan Suocheng can be greater than 0 degree, and is less than 180 degree, such as 90 degree etc.Can according to the diameter of the maximum gauge of leak source or maximum area determination mozzle and sleeve pipe, the diameter of mozzle is greater than the maximum gauge of leak source, and the sectional area of mozzle is greater than the maximum area of leak source, and the diameter of sleeve pipe is greater than the diameter of mozzle.
Preferably, the minimum diameter of leak source is more than or equal to 2mm, and the diameter of leak source or area are less than diameter or the area of the smallest cross-sectional of equipment, makes the parts such as mozzle and sleeve pipe, and then reach long-term sealing effectiveness to facilitate.Particularly, the material that the material of mozzle is used with equipment is identical.
See Fig. 6 a and 6b, the perpendicular joints being positioned at pipeline 3 for leak source 7 is described, the diameter 9 of leak source 7, the diameter of mozzle 11 is greater than the diameter 9 of leak source 7, sleeve pipe 12 is sleeved on outside mozzle 11, and be provided with between sleeve pipe 12 and mozzle 11 clamping sleeve 15, compress the back of the body emit 16 and encapsulant 17.Because leak source 7 is positioned at the junction of pipeline 3, therefore saddle port is processed in one end of mozzle and sleeve pipe, so that the pipeline 3 at leak source 7 place is fitted, and form weld seam 20 by between this end of sleeve pipe 12 and pipeline 13, the other end of sleeve pipe 12 is provided with flange 14 and blind plate 21, to seal.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 602: seal is set between mozzle and hole and outside mozzle.
Particularly, seal is set between mozzle and hole and outside mozzle, can comprises:
Encapsulant is filled in packing groove on the end face that mozzle contacts with equipment; Particularly, the one end after mozzle processing processes this packing groove.
Clamping sleeve and the compression back of the body being emitted is enclosed within mozzle, clamping sleeve and the compression back of the body emit between mozzle and sleeve pipe, one end of clamping sleeve emits with the compression back of the body and is connected, and is wound around encapsulant on the outer wall of mozzle, encapsulant respectively with the other end and the irregular part contact of clamping sleeve.
When realizing, rotatable handle can be adopted to compress the back of the body and to emit to promote clamping sleeve press seal material.See Fig. 6 c, the saddle port of mozzle 11 is provided with packing groove 13, encapsulant 17 can be filled in wherein, sealing material 17 contributes to temporary sealing after mozzle 11 docks with leak source 7, clamping sleeve 15, compression back of the body cap 16 utilize screw thread to be arranged on mozzle 11, its can along mozzle 11 move axially adjust sealing situation, handle 18 be arranged on compress the back of the body cap 16 sidewall on.
Particularly, encapsulant can be graphite packing.
Step 603: by casing pipe sleeve on seal, is fitted in irregular part by one end of mozzle and sleeve pipe, and at the other end welded flange of sleeve pipe, flange installs blind plate.
When realizing, blind plate can weld with flange or bolt is connected.
Step 604: form weld seam in the contact position of sleeve pipe and equipment.
When realizing, first can adopt the solid seam between sleeve pipe and equipment of welding rod arc welding technology symmetric points, in employing from the bottom to top, weld the seam between stiffener and equipment by left-to-right welding sequence, finally form weld seam.
Leak with the E shape middle pressure steam header in methanol device below, the interface that leak source is positioned at transverse tube and standpipe is example, is described the method for the present embodiment.
Known E shape steam header material is mild steel, and the fine welding with pressure of weldability can not crack, and leak source is pit corrosion perforation, and out-of-shape, its maximum gauge is about 10mm, and the thickness at leak source edge is all greater than 5mm.
The carbon steel pipe of diameter 57mm and the carbon steel sleeve pipe of diameter 159mm is selected according to the material of E shape steam header, the diameter determination mozzle of leak source, with regard to leak source diameter, leakage medium can draw away by the mozzle of diameter 57mm completely, but the position shape very irregular of E shape steam header residing for leak source, the medium leaked may wash away to surrounding, make mozzle can not play guide functions completely, therefore, have selected clamping sleeve according to the diameter of mozzle again, compress the back of the body cap, encapsulant.Conveniently seal and have selected again supporting flange according to the carbon steel sleeve pipe of diameter 159mm.
Residing for leak source, one end of mozzle and sleeve pipe is processed the saddle port of coupling by the shape of position E shape steam header, and on the saddle port of mozzle, prepared filler slot plug enters encapsulant, and the temporary sealing contributed to when docking is convenient to a little consolidate.Flange welding is in the other end of sleeve pipe.Clamping sleeve, compression back of the body cap utilize screw thread to be arranged on outside mozzle, its axis along mozzle is moved around and adjusts sealing situation.Handle has been installed in the outside compressing back of the body cap, and the docking of hand-held handle can compress back of the body cap, the encapsulant of mozzle saddle port is played a role be convenient to E shape steam header temporarily sealing a little solid, and hand-held handle docks leaked steam and can not injure operating personnel.
Encapsulant is wound around in the clamping sleeve front end, outside of mozzle, remove handle, rotatably compressing back of the body cap promotion clamping sleeve makes encapsulant and E shape steam header combine closely, it is made temporaryly to seal completely, mozzle plays a role completely, casing pipe sleeve is being equipped with clamping sleeve, is compressing the outside of mozzle of back of the body cap, encapsulant, and dock with E shape steam header, adopt welding rod arc welding technology point solid, adopt welding rod arc welding technology more from the bottom to top, by the seam between left-to-right welding sequence soldering sleeve and E shape steam header.
Have selected corresponding blind plate according to flange, and install fastening, reach complete permanent seal effect.
The method is ideal at the effect of E shape steam header leak source, and 2 operating personnels have only used just it sealed completely for 2 hours, total cost about 500 yuan, and labour intensity is very little, and E shape steam header has no after normally running to leak.
The embodiment of the present invention is by being positioned at the hole of irregular part of equipment and irregular portion is divided into the leak source of the junction of two pipes angularly, according to size and position processing mozzle, the sleeve pipe of leak source, and produce saddle port, select clamping sleeve, compress the back of the body cap, encapsulant, flange, blind plate, by welding by these parts integrally containment member in succession, thus reach permanent complete hermetic effect.According to practical situations, compared with reinforcing sleeve encapsulating method, each activity duration at least can saving 4 hours, reduce expenses at least more than 0.4 ten thousand yuan, activity duration when at every turn at least can save 2 compared with jig injecting glue pressure sealing, reduce expenses at least more than 0.08 ten thousand yuan, greatly reduce activity duration and cost.
Embodiment seven
Embodiments provide a kind of welding method with pressure, be applicable to the hole of the irregular part of the equipment that is positioned at and irregular portion is divided into the leak source of Special-shaped flange junction to carry out REPAIR WELDING, see Fig. 7, the method comprises:
Step 701: when leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at equipment and irregular portion is divided into Special-shaped flange junction, one end of mozzle is processed into the shape with the form fit of Special-shaped flange junction.
Wherein, can according to the diameter of the maximum gauge determination mozzle of leak source and flange, the diameter of mozzle is more than or equal to the maximum gauge of leak source, and the size of flange is greater than the diameter of mozzle.
Particularly, one end of mozzle can be processed into the shape of saddle port, be convenient to the butt-joint clearance adjusting mozzle and Special-shaped flange, be conducive to follow-up welding operation.Particularly, the material that the material of mozzle is used with equipment is identical.
It should be noted that, the leakage reason possibility bolt looseness of Special-shaped flange junction, also may be that pad damages, before carry out step 701, the method can also comprise: determine whether as bolt looseness, if change bolt.
In actual applications, the thickness that the thickness at leak source edge need be greater than 3mm and pipeline need be greater than 3mm, to prevent from again boring a hole during welding.Particularly, equipment can be pipeline, valve, container and Special-shaped flange, and the material of equipment can be the one in mild steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, to prevent from cracking during welding with pressure.
Easy understand ground, in order to ensure the safety of staff, the medium of the carrying in equipment is that non-flammable is explosive, non-toxicity hazardous medium.
Step 702: adopt welding rod arc welding technology by Special-shaped flange junction seal welding.
Particularly, adopt welding rod arc welding technology by Special-shaped flange junction seal welding, can comprise:
Tack welding is carried out respectively by corresponding with the two ends of leak source for the opposite side of the two ends of leak source, Special-shaped flange junction 2;
Weld respectively from the two ends of leak source along Special-shaped flange junction to two of correspondence, and the Special-shaped flange junction between 2 of welding correspondence, form sealing bead;
Sealing bead forms cap weld.
Before carrying out leak source REPAIR WELDING, first by Special-shaped flange junction seal welding, when can effectively prevent leak source from repairing, the breakage of the non-leak source on the Special-shaped flange junction caused.
See Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, leak source 3 is in the junction of Special-shaped flange 3, the length 8 of leak source, the tack welding seam 9,10 at the two ends of leak source 7, the two ends 9 of the opposite side (relative with leak source) of Special-shaped flange 3 and leak source 7, the 10 corresponding tack weldings of 2 stitch 15,14, first carry out tack welding and can effectively prevent the expansion of follow-up welding process leak source 7 from causing the problem of leak source 7 repairing failure.According to stitching 9 from tack welding to tack welding seam 15 and from tack welding seam 10 to the welding sequence of tack welding seam 14, between 2 that weld two ends 9,10 correspondence of leak source 7 again, form sealing bead 17, be that leakage part is also welded by Special-shaped flange junction, sealing can be ensured further.
Step 703: the one end after being processed by mozzle is fitted in the surface of equipment, and welds joint place, and leak source is positioned at mozzle.
Step 704: at the other end mounting flange of mozzle, and install blind plate on flange.
See Fig. 7 c, one end and the Special-shaped flange junction of mozzle 11 are formed with weld seam 18, and the other end of mozzle 11 is provided with flange 12, flange 12 is provided with blind plate 19.
When realizing, blind plate can weld with flange or bolt is connected.
The embodiment of the present invention selects mozzle by the shape of the size and Special-shaped flange junction that are positioned at the leak source of Special-shaped flange junction, and saddle port is processed to form to it, one end of mozzle is welded with Special-shaped flange junction, the other end of mozzle adopts flange and blind plate sealing, and the gap adopting the SMAW choice of technology reasonably to put solid, welding sequence and welding direction welding Special-shaped flange not leak, fully ensure that the sealing of leak source, safety and reliability.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a welding method with pressure, be applicable to repair the leak source on medium load bearing equipment, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Judge whether the thickness at the edge of described leak source is greater than 3mm;
When the thickness at the edge of described leak source is greater than 3mm, determine the type of described leak source according to the shape of described leak source, size and position, described type comprise aperture, crackle, be positioned at the Rule section of described equipment regular hole, be positioned at the irregular holes of the Rule section of described equipment, be positioned at the hole of the irregular part of described equipment;
Type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source;
Wherein, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, comprising:
When described leak source is aperture, the edge of rolling tool to described leak source is adopted to roll;
Welding rod arc welding technology is adopted to carry out bridgings welding formation sealing bead to the described leak source after rolling;
Described sealing bead forms cap weld.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, also comprises:
When described leak source is described crackle, on described crackle, interval arranges multiple pad, from the outermost described pad at the two ends of described crackle, successively with pad described in each for starting point, welding rod arc welding technology is adopted to weld described crackle along the direction to the two ends of described crackle, thus sealing bead is formed respectively between outermost described pad and the end points of described crackle and between adjacent described pad, the width of described sealing bead is greater than the width of described crackle;
Described sealing bead welds cap weld.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, also comprises:
When described leak source is the regular hole of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment, stifled for plug device is filled in described leak source and blocks described leak source, described plug blocks up device and comprises bullet and strengthen platform, described reinforcement platform structure and be set in outside described bullet in the form of a ring, the surface contact of described reinforcement platform and described equipment, the external diameter of described reinforcement platform is greater than the diameter of described leak source;
Weld seam is formed respectively at described bullet and described reinforcement platform junction and described reinforcement platform and described equipment contact position.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described type according to described leak source carries out REPAIR WELDING to described leak source, also comprises:
When described leak source be the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment or be positioned at the hole of irregular part of described equipment time, one end of mozzle is fitted in the surface of described equipment, described leak source is positioned at described mozzle;
Fixture is adopted one end of described mozzle to be welded on the surface of described equipment and to seal the other end of described mozzle.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, when described leak source is the irregular holes of the Rule section being positioned at described equipment, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
One end of described mozzle is docked with described leak source through after stiffener, makes described leak source be positioned at described mozzle, the surface contact of described stiffener and described equipment;
At the other end welded flange of described mozzle, described flange connects blind plate;
Weld seam is formed in the contact position of described stiffener and described equipment.
6. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, when described leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at described equipment and described irregular portion is divided into the junction of two pipes angularly, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
The shape with the form fit of described irregular part is processed in one end of described mozzle and sleeve pipe, and described sleeve pipe is used for being enclosed within outside described mozzle;
Between described mozzle and described hole and outside described mozzle, seal is set;
By described casing pipe sleeve on described seal, one end of described mozzle and described sleeve pipe is fitted in described irregular part, and at the other end welded flange of described sleeve pipe, described flange installs blind plate;
Weld seam is formed in the contact position of described sleeve pipe and described equipment.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, describedly between described mozzle and described hole and between described mozzle and described sleeve pipe, arranges seal, comprising:
Encapsulant is filled in packing groove on the end face that described mozzle contacts with described equipment;
Clamping sleeve and the compression back of the body being emitted is enclosed within described mozzle, described clamping sleeve and the described compression back of the body emit between described mozzle and described sleeve pipe, one end of described clamping sleeve emits with the described compression back of the body and is connected, and on the outer wall of described mozzle, be wound around described encapsulant, described encapsulant respectively with the other end and the described irregular part contact of described clamping sleeve.
8. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, when described leak source is the hole of the irregular part being positioned at described equipment and described irregular portion is divided into Special-shaped flange junction, one end of described mozzle is welded on the surface of described equipment and seals the other end of described mozzle by described employing fixture, comprising:
One end of described mozzle is processed into the shape with the form fit of described Special-shaped flange junction;
Adopt welding rod arc welding technology by described Special-shaped flange junction seal welding;
One end after described mozzle processing is fitted in the surface of described equipment, and welds joint place, described leak source is positioned at described mozzle;
At the other end welded flange of described mozzle, and on described flange, blind plate is installed.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described employing welding rod arc welding technology, by described Special-shaped flange junction seal welding, comprising:
By the two ends of described leak source, the opposite side of described Special-shaped flange junction is corresponding with the two ends of described leak source 2 carry out tack welding respectively;
Weld respectively from the two ends of described leak source along described Special-shaped flange junction to 2 of described correspondence, and the described Special-shaped flange junction between 2 that weld described correspondence, form sealing bead;
Described sealing bead forms cap weld.
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| CN201410464694.4A CN105397401A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Under-pressure welding method |
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| CN201410464694.4A CN105397401A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Under-pressure welding method |
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