CN105397241B - A kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks - Google Patents
A kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks Download PDFInfo
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- CN105397241B CN105397241B CN201510865990.XA CN201510865990A CN105397241B CN 105397241 B CN105397241 B CN 105397241B CN 201510865990 A CN201510865990 A CN 201510865990A CN 105397241 B CN105397241 B CN 105397241B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/013—Arc cutting, gouging, scarfing or desurfacing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks, including step：1) groove processing is carried out to outside in the welding edge of the Spherical Tank Shell Plates of spherical tank；2) according to the distribution route selection longitudinal seam welding method or transverse joint welding of weld seam；3) welding rod is chosen according to welding rod selection standard, and drying and processing is carried out to welding rod；4) welded according to the welding of welding procedure and selection；Wherein, welding process requirement includes welding surroundings requirement, weld preheating and the control of interlayer temperature and rear hot dehydrogenation.The welding method can realize the welding to 610U2L material spherical tanks, with preferable application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method, especially a kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks.
Background technology
With the development of petroleum chemical industry, chemical plant installations maximization, the spherical tank for containing cryogenic media is more and more.Selection
Suitable material is to ensure the basis of spherical tank safety.Spherical Tank Shell Plates are that should meet high intensity with the selection principle of material, are ensured that
Mouldability, excellent welding performance, enough notch toughness values and performance reliably and with long-term well.
It is more severe for manufacturing applying working condition that recent year has introduced a kind of JFE-HITEN610U2L steel of Japan's production
The spherical storage tank at quarter.The steel grade not only has an excellent low-temperature flexibility, and good weldability, the mechanical property of welding point compared with
It is high.The steel grade first Application in 2003 is in the 2500m of Yangtze petrochemical industry--48 DEG C of BASF Co., Ltd design temperature3Propylene
Spherical tank.The good performance of the steel grade has obtained the favor of each side, is made more using this steel grade contain ethene, propylene etc. in recent years
The high pressure low temperature spherical tank of medium.
However, there is presently no the welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks, being welded with solving 610U2L materials
The Welding Problems run into journey.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks is provided.
Technical scheme：Welding method of the present invention for 610U2L material spherical tanks, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, groove processing is carried out to outside in the welding edge of the Spherical Tank Shell Plates of spherical tank；
Step 2, according to the distribution route selection longitudinal seam welding method or transverse joint welding of weld seam；
Step 3, welding rod is chosen according to welding rod selection standard, and drying and processing is carried out to welding rod；
Step 4, welded according to the welding of welding procedure and selection；
Wherein, the welding process requirement includes：
A. welding surroundings requirement：Weather requires non-sleety weather；Wind speed requirement is less than 5m/s；Environment temperature requirement is at 0 DEG C
More than；Relative humidity requirement is below 80%；
B. weld preheating and the control of interlayer temperature：Weld preheating uses electrical heating, and preheating width is Weld pipe mill both sides
Respectively away from 150mm, preheating temperature is >=125 DEG C, and with tempilstick in Weld pipe mill both sides symmetrical measurement, every weld seam measuring point is no less than
Three pairs, every weld seam must be preheated in welding process, and to ensure that preheating temperature is uniform, interlayer temperature during welding should be controlled
180~200 DEG C；
C. hot dehydrogenation after：Postwelding should carry out dehydrogenation, using electrical heating, and postheat temperature is 180~230 DEG C, is protected
The warm 1 hour time；
The longitudinal seam welding method is required to include：
D. welded according to segmentation from top to bottom, during using several welders welding simultaneously, speed of welding is consistent, with for the moment
Between the difference of weld length must not exceed 300mm；
E. triangle arc manipulation method is used, welding rod is stopped and short arc operation in weld seam both sides, according to the welding number of plies
It is determined that corresponding welding parameter；
F. every layer of face of weld is filled and led up in crescent, and first layer uses φ 3.2mm welding rod, is welded in subinverse
First layer, successively thickeies layer since the second layer, and every layer of weldering meat should fill uniform and neat within 3~4mm,
Last capping layer need to be completed disposably, must not undercut；
G. after the shaping of outside groove welding, carbon arc air gouging back chipping is carried out at interior side slope mouth, the weldering meat of first layer is fallen clearly,
Carburized layer, finishing channeling are abraded using emery wheel, bottom radius should be greater than 5mm, finishes rear groove face and carries out 100% magnetic inspection
Look into, it is qualified after carry out again inner side groove welding；
The transverse joint welding is required to include：
H. on butt-welding fitting during seam welding, welded from two toward centre, under butt-welding fitting during seam welding, from middle toward two
Weldering, two welding machines weld a seam simultaneously；
I. in girth welding big to equator, using several welders welding, Equal round girth, counter clockwise direction constant speed simultaneously
Welding, same time first layer and the second layer weld length difference must not exceed 300mm, uses and divides in everyone segmentation limit
Section back welding, multi-pass welding；
J. backing welding is using oval manipulation of electrode, welding rod direction of advance and the inclination angle that weld seam tangential direction is in 30~45 °；
K. more than the second layer welded using pressure road, and every layer must thoroughly scarfing cinder.
The welding procedure of spherical tank is defined using tri- welding process requirements of a, b and c, 610U2L can be effectively ensured
The welding quality of material spherical tank, it is to avoid welding is done over again, improves efficiency of construction；Longitudinal joint is welded using tetra- welding requirements of d, e, f and g
Connection is defined, and effectively increases the welding quality of longitudinal joint；Filled and led up in crescent, can be easy to using every layer of face of weld
Scarfing cinder is more convenient next layer of welding；Using first layer is welded in subinverse, be conducive to interior back chipping, stomata is fallen clearly；Using h,
Tetra- welding requirements of i, j and k are defined to transverse joint welding, can effectively improve transverse joint welding quality.
As the further limits scheme of the present invention, in the requirement of the longitudinal seam welding method and transverse joint welding, using many
During name welder welding simultaneously, should stagger with tee seam at welding point, and two welders collect junction should stagger 50~
100mm.This is designed to prevent welding point from concentrating on same section, so that the structure effectively improved at welding point is strong
Degree.
It is used as the further limits scheme of the present invention, step 1) in, groove processing requirement is determined according to the thickness of global shell
The angle of groove, and need objectionable impurities of the cleaning in the range of groove face and both sides 50mm.Removing objectionable impurities can be true
Protect welding quality.
As the further limits scheme of the present invention, objectionable impurities includes iron rust and greasy dirt.
It is used as the further limits scheme of the present invention, step 3) in, welding rod selection standard requires diffusible hydrogen in welding rod
Content is less than 5.0ml/100g.
It is used as the further limits scheme of the present invention, step 3) in, drying and processing requirement temperature in 2 hours rises to
350~400 DEG C, and maintain the temperature 1~2 hour, require that temperature drop is to 100~150 DEG C in 1 hour in cooling, and
Maintain the temperature at least three hour.Drying and processing can effectively improve welding quality of the welding rod in welding.
As the further limits scheme of the present invention, the corresponding relation of the welding number of plies and welding parameter is referring to table 1：
Table 1
Using the different welding parameter of setting at different levels, it can effectively strengthen the structural strength after welding.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the present invention：(1) using tri- welding process requirements of a, b and c to spherical tank
Welding procedure be defined, can effectively ensure the welding quality of 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is to avoid welding do over again, improve construction
Efficiency；(2) longitudinal seam welding method is defined using tetra- welding requirements of d, e, f and g, effectively increases the welding matter of longitudinal joint
Amount；(3) filled and led up using every layer of face of weld in crescent, the welding that scarfing cinder can be easy to be more convenient next layer；(4) using by
First layer is welded in subinverse, is conducive to interior back chipping, stomata is fallen clearly；(5) transverse joint is welded using tetra- welding requirements of h, i, j and k
Connection is defined, and can effectively improve transverse joint welding quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is drying and processing temperature control curve figure of the invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
The embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, groove processing is carried out to outside in the welding edge of the Spherical Tank Shell Plates of spherical tank；
Step 2, according to the distribution route selection longitudinal seam welding method or transverse joint welding of weld seam；
Step 3, welding rod is chosen according to welding rod selection standard, and drying and processing is carried out to welding rod；
Step 4, welded according to the welding of welding procedure and selection；
Wherein, welding process requirement includes：
A. welding surroundings requirement：Weather requires non-sleety weather；Wind speed requirement is less than 5m/s；Environment temperature requirement is at 0 DEG C
More than；Relative humidity requirement is below 80%；
B. weld preheating and the control of interlayer temperature：Weld preheating uses electrical heating, and preheating width is Weld pipe mill both sides
Respectively away from 150mm, preheating temperature is >=125 DEG C, and with tempilstick in Weld pipe mill both sides symmetrical measurement, every weld seam measuring point is no less than
Three pairs, every weld seam must be preheated in welding process, and to ensure that preheating temperature is uniform, interlayer temperature during welding should be controlled
180~200 DEG C；
C. hot dehydrogenation after：Postwelding should carry out dehydrogenation, using electrical heating, and postheat temperature is 180~230 DEG C, is protected
The warm 1 hour time；
Longitudinal seam welding method is required to include：
D. welded according to segmentation from top to bottom, during using several welders welding simultaneously, speed of welding is consistent, with for the moment
Between the difference of weld length must not exceed 300mm；
E. triangle arc manipulation method is used, welding rod is stopped and short arc operation in weld seam both sides, according to the welding number of plies
It is determined that corresponding welding parameter；
F. every layer of face of weld is filled and led up in crescent, and the welding for being easy to scarfing cinder to be more convenient next layer, first layer is used
φ 3.2mm welding rod, welds first layer in subinverse, is so conducive to interior back chipping, and stomata is fallen clearly, since the second layer by
Layer thickeies layer, and every layer of weldering meat should fill uniform and neat, last capping layer needs disposable complete within 3~4mm
Into must not undercut；
G. after the shaping of outside groove welding, carbon arc air gouging back chipping is carried out at interior side slope mouth, the weldering meat of first layer is fallen clearly,
Carburized layer, finishing channeling are abraded using emery wheel, bottom radius should be greater than 5mm, finishes rear groove face and carries out 100% magnetic inspection
Look into, it is qualified after carry out again inner side groove welding；
Transverse joint welding is required to include：
H. on to global shell during seam welding, welded from two toward centre, when to seam welding under global shell, from middle toward two
Head weldering, two welding machines weld a seam simultaneously；
I. in girth welding big to equator, using several welders welding, Equal round girth, counter clockwise direction constant speed simultaneously
Welding, same time first layer and the second layer weld length difference must not exceed 300mm, uses and divides in everyone segmentation limit
Section back welding, multi-pass welding；
J. backing welding is using oval manipulation of electrode, welding rod direction of advance and the inclination angle that weld seam tangential direction is in 30~45 °；
H. more than the second layer welded using pressure road, and every layer must thoroughly scarfing cinder.
Wherein, in the requirement of the longitudinal seam welding method and transverse joint welding, during using several welders welding simultaneously, welding connects
It should stagger at head with tee seam, and two welders collect junction and should staggered 50~100mm；In step 1) in, at groove
Reason requires to determine the angle of groove according to the thickness of weldment, and needs to clear up harmful in the range of groove face and both sides 50mm
Impurity, objectionable impurities is generally iron rust and greasy dirt；In step 3) in, welding rod selection standard requires diffusible hydrogen content in welding rod
Less than 5.0ml/100g；In step 3) in, drying and processing requirement temperature in 2 hours rises to 350~400 DEG C, and maintains to be somebody's turn to do
Temperature 1~2 hour, requires that temperature drop is to 100~150 DEG C in 1 hour, and maintain the temperature at least three small in cooling
When, as shown in Figure 2；The corresponding relation of the number of plies and welding parameter is welded referring to table 1：
Table 1
When each Spherical Tank Shell Plates to seeking tank body are welded, outside welding sequence is followed successively by：Equatorial zone longitudinal joint is outer, upper pole
Side plate longitudinal joint is outer, upper extremely middle plate piece is outer, upper pole side plate month teeth space is outer, lower pole side plate longitudinal joint is outer, lower extremely middle plate piece is outer, lower pole
Outside side plate month teeth space and equatorial zone is up and down outside big circumferential weld.Outside weld after the completion of, it is necessary to carry out inner side gouge back chipping, by
Inner side welding is carried out according to order above.
Points for attention during welding include：
(1) inconel weld forming a solder, if midway stops welding, a weld seam is at least welded more than two layers,
Welded again after need to being preheated when welding next time；
(2) per pass weld seam continuously all should be soldered to terminal from top, and the action for changing welding rod is fast, it is necessary in 5 seconds
Complete, no matter any cold junction will reconditioning welding again；
(3) the weldering meat of longitudinal welding bead is soldered to the center of circumferential welded seam, is ground off before girth welding；
(4) forbid the striking outside groove, striking uses reflow welding bead arc inciting process, i.e., draw at 10~15mm of side before welding
Arc, then retracts joint welding, top fills up arc crater.
It is intraoral in clivia after big groove side has been welded, it is necessary to carry out back chipping and polishing to weld seam after the completion of welding
Side back chipping.Carbon arc air gouging uses the bevel shape width uniformity after φ 8mm carbon-point, electric welding machine straight polarity direct current method, back chipping,
Then with abrasive machine polishing oxide layer, untill metallic luster is presented, the groove after polishing should carry out 100% magnetic inspection
Look into, such as find that defect is eliminated immediately and welded again.
When the weld seam after the completion of to welding is checked, it is necessary to note：
A. Seam and heat effected zone surface must not have crackle；
B. face of weld must not have the defects such as undercut, stomata, slag inclusion, arc crater, must not there is slag splash；
C. weld width answers broadening 2 ± 1mm than groove per side.
Foundation《3000m3LPG spherical tanks manufacture mounting technique condition》And weld seam postwelding physical dimension quality requirement meets following table
2：
Table 2
| Sequence number | Inspection project | Tolerance (mm) |
| 1 | Postwelding angular deformation | ≤5 |
| 2 | Maximum gauge and minimum diameter after sphere welding | ＜ 65 |
| 3 | Outer surface weld reinforcement | 0~1 |
| 5 | Inner surface weld reinforcement | 0~1 |
| 6 | Pillar verticality | ≤12 |
When the surface defect of the weld seam after the completion of to welding is repaired：Use gradient in the range of abrasive machine reconditioning, reconditioning
At least 3:1, work card has after gouge, repair welding is answered when surface defect depth is more than 1.3mm, repair welding is with formal welding procedure
It is identical；Reconditioning is round and smooth excessively after repair welding, and MT inspections are done after repairing.
Required when the internal flaw of the weld seam after the completion of to welding is repaired：
A. before the repairing of weld seam internal flaw, ultrasound examination depth of defect is used, defect property is determined, eliminated and Defect of repair welding
Depth, must not exceed the 2/3 of spherical shell thickness of slab, more than when overleaf carry out elimination defect, repair welding, soldering length is more than 50mm；
When b. eliminating defect using carbon arc air gouging, rebuild after defect expressivity with abrasive machine, grind off oxide layer repair welding again；
C. repair welding is identical with the formal welding procedure of spherical tank, and visual examination and Non-Destructive Testing are carried out after repair welding, repair welding
Number of times and the technique of repair welding should carry out detailed record；
D. reprocessing for same position be must not exceed twice, and reliable and effective technological measure must be taken twice by such as exceeding, and
It can be carried out after ratifying through unit person in charge of the technology aspect.
After the inside and outside welding forming of spherical tank, detected through visual examination is qualified, detection project includes：
(1) Non-Destructive Testing
Non-Destructive Testing is carried out in postwelding through visual examination after qualified 36 hours.Butt weld (including the manhole reinforcement of spherical shell
The weld seam of part and manhole flange), should be using 100%TOFD detections, and 20% ray repetition measurement is carried out, perform standard JB/T4730-
2005 II grades are qualified；
(2) Magnetic testing
Magnetic testing before heat treatment, heat treatment after and the water pressure test after carry out.Surfaces externally and internally (the bag of spherical tank butt weld
Include locating piece, fixture, covering repairing etc.), the outer surface of stiffening ring or pillar angle welding carries out the magnetic of 100% fusion length
Powder detects that I grade is qualified by JB/T4730-2005；
(3) detection of the defect after repairing, mending
There is excessive defect inside weld seam, the repair welding after Defect removal after visual examination is qualified, is implemented by former characterization processes
Detection.
As described above, although the present invention has been represented and described with reference to specific preferred embodiment, it must not be explained
For to the limitation of itself of the invention., can be right under the premise of the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims are defined are not departed from
Various changes can be made in the form and details for it.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of welding method for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, groove processing is carried out to outside in the welding edge of the Spherical Tank Shell Plates of spherical tank；
Step 2, according to the distribution route selection longitudinal seam welding method or transverse joint welding of weld seam；
Step 3, welding rod is chosen according to welding rod selection standard, and drying and processing is carried out to welding rod；
Step 4, welded according to the welding of welding procedure and selection；
Wherein, the welding process requirement includes：
A. welding surroundings requirement：Weather requires non-sleety weather；Wind speed requirement is less than 5m/s；Environment temperature requirement is more than 0 DEG C；
Relative humidity requirement is below 80%；
B. weld preheating and the control of interlayer temperature：Weld preheating uses electrical heating, preheating width be Weld pipe mill both sides it is each away from
150mm, preheating temperature is >=125 DEG C, and with tempilstick in Weld pipe mill both sides symmetrical measurement, every weld seam measuring point is no less than three
Right, every weld seam must be preheated in welding process, and to ensure that preheating temperature is uniform, interlayer temperature during welding should be controlled
180~200 DEG C；
C. hot dehydrogenation after：Postwelding should carry out dehydrogenation, and using electrical heating, postheat temperature is 180~230 DEG C, during insulation
Between 1 hour；
The longitudinal seam welding method is required to include：
D. welded according to segmentation from top to bottom, during using several welders welding simultaneously, speed of welding is consistent, same time weldering
The difference of spreading degree must not exceed 300mm；
E. triangle arc manipulation method is used, welding rod is stopped and short arc operation in weld seam both sides, is determined according to the welding number of plies
Corresponding welding parameter；
F. every layer of face of weld is filled and led up in crescent, and first layer uses φ 3.2mm welding rod, and first is welded in subinverse
Layer, successively thickeies layer since the second layer, and every layer of weldering meat should fill uniform and neat, finally within 3~4mm
Capping layer need to be completed disposably, must not undercut；
G. after the shaping of outside groove welding, carbon arc air gouging back chipping is carried out at interior side slope mouth, the weldering meat of first layer is fallen clearly, is used
Emery wheel abrades carburized layer, finishing channeling, and bottom radius should be greater than 5mm, finishes rear groove face and carries out 100% magnetic particle inspection, closes
Inner side groove welding is carried out after lattice again；
The transverse joint welding is required to include：
H. on to Spherical Tank Shell Plates during seam welding, welded from two toward centre, when to seam welding under Spherical Tank Shell Plates, from middle toward two
Weldering, two welding machines weld a seam simultaneously；
I. in girth welding big to equator, using several welders welding simultaneously, Equal round girth, counter clockwise direction constant speed is applied
Weldering, same time first layer and the second layer weld length difference must not exceed 300mm, using segmentation in everyone segmentation limit
Back welding, multi-pass welding；
J. backing welding is using oval manipulation of electrode, welding rod direction of advance and the inclination angle that weld seam tangential direction is in 30~45 °；
K. more than the second layer welded using pressure road, and every layer must thoroughly scarfing cinder；
The corresponding relation of the number of plies and welding parameter is welded referring to table 1：
Table 1
2. the welding method according to claim 1 for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that the longitudinal seam welding
In the requirement of method and transverse joint welding, during using several welders welding simultaneously, it should stagger at welding point with tee seam, and
Two welders collect junction and should staggered 50~100mm.
3. the welding method according to claim 1 or 2 for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that in step 1,
Groove processing requirement determines the angle of groove according to the thickness of Spherical Tank Shell Plates, and needs to clear up in groove face and both sides 50mm scopes
Interior objectionable impurities.
4. the welding method according to claim 3 for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that objectionable impurities includes
Iron rust and greasy dirt.
5. the welding method according to claim 1 or 2 for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that in step 3,
Welding rod selection standard requires that diffusible hydrogen content is less than 5.0ml/100g in welding rod.
6. the welding method according to claim 1 or 2 for 610U2L material spherical tanks, it is characterised in that in step 3,
Drying and processing requirement temperature in 2 hours rises to 350~400 DEG C, and maintains the temperature 1~2 hour, is required in cooling
Temperature drop is to 100~150 DEG C in 1 hour, and maintains the temperature at least three hour.
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