CN105393403A - Liquid cosmetic container provided with dome- or arch-shaped wet polyurethane sponge - Google Patents
Liquid cosmetic container provided with dome- or arch-shaped wet polyurethane sponge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105393403A CN105393403A CN201480038798.7A CN201480038798A CN105393403A CN 105393403 A CN105393403 A CN 105393403A CN 201480038798 A CN201480038798 A CN 201480038798A CN 105393403 A CN105393403 A CN 105393403A
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- radiating doublet
- gain
- phase place
- feeding
- doublet
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2283—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
- H01Q21/0093—Monolithic arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
- H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid container, and specifically, to a liquid container provided with a dome- or arch-shaped wet polyurethane sponge, wherein a wet polyurethane sponge is combined to and used therewith, the wet polyurethane sponge is designed to have an arch-shaped structure, and the wet polyurethane sponge and dry urethane are combined and used, thereby preventing poor blending-in of makeup due to close application of cosmetic materials and allowing cosmetic materials to be easily applied to the skin. The wet polyurethane sponge is combined to a cosmetic container, wherein the upper portion of the polyurethane sponge container is formed in the shape of a dome or an arch, and any one selected from dry urethane, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is adhered to the lower end of the polyurethane sponge. The present invention provides a cosmetic puff using a wet polyurethane sponge, wherein the wet polyurethane sponge is designed to have an elliptical dome- or arch-shaped structure, thereby enabling easier application of make-up. In addition, the wet polyurethane sponge is processed in a state in which dry urethane is adhered to the lower portion thereof, and thus the combined state can be readily maintained without separation when being combined to the cosmetic container.
Description
The cross reference of related application
This application claims the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/843 submitted on July 8th, 2013, the rights and interests of 741.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to mm wave RF (RF) system, and particularly relate to the operation for the phased array antenna that allows efficient signal to propagate in this type of radio module.
Background
60GHz frequency band is with the overlapping unlicensed frequency bands for feature of large bandwidth amount and the large whole world.Large bandwidth means that very a large amount of information can be transmitted wirelessly.As a result, require that multiple application of transferring large number of data can be developed to allow the radio communication around around 60GHz frequency band separately.The example of this type of application includes but not limited to: WirelessHD TV (HDTV), wireless docking station, wireless Gigabit Ethernet and other application many.
In order to facilitate this type of to apply, need to develop the integrated circuit (IC) operated in 60GHz frequency range, such as amplifier, frequency mixer, radio frequency (RF) analog circuit and active antenna.RF system generally includes active and passive module.Active module embedded therein (such as, phased array antenna) needs control signal and power signal to carry out its operation, and these signals are that passive module (such as, filter) institute is unwanted.Various module is manufactured and be encapsulated as radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), and RFIC can be assembled on printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB).The scope of RFIC package size can from several square millimeters to hundreds of square millimeter.
Consumer electronics market, to the design of electronic equipment and the constraint that should meet minimum cost, size, power consumption and weight thus to the design of wherein integrated RF module.Also electronic equipment should be considered and the current assembled configuration of especially handheld device (such as on knee and flat computer), to make it possible to the efficient transmission and the reception that realize millimeter-wave signal to the design of RF module.In addition, reception should be taken into account to the design of RF module and transmit the minimum power loss of RF signal and take into account the covering of maximum wireless electricity.
The schematic diagram of the RF module 100 of transmission and the reception being designed for millimeter-wave signal has been shown in Fig. 1.RF module 100 comprises active antenna (110-1 to the 110-N) array being connected to RF Circuits System or IC120.Each antenna in active antenna 110-1 to 110-N can operate as transmitting (TX) and/or reception (RX) antenna.Active antenna can be controlled to receive in particular directions/and transmitted radio signal to perform beam forming, and is switched to emission mode from receiving mode.Such as, active antenna can be phased array antenna, and wherein each radiating doublet can by individually and control independently to make it possible to use beam forming technique.
In emission mode, RF Circuits System 120 generally uses frequency mixer (not shown in Figure 1) to perform up-conversion to convert intermediate frequency (IF) signal to radio frequency (RF) signal.Subsequently, RF Circuits System 120 according to control signal, by TX antenna transmission RF signal.In a receive mode, RF Circuits System 120 receives RF signal by active R X antenna and uses frequency mixer to perform and uses local oscillator (LO) signal to the down-conversion of IF signal, and IF signal is sent to baseband module (not shown in Figure 1).
In both receiving and transmitting modes, the operation of RF Circuits System 120 uses control signal to control by baseband module.This control signal be used to such as gain control, RX/TX switch, power level control, beam steering operation and etc. function.In particular configurations, baseband module also generates LO signal and power signal, and by this type of signal transmission to RF Circuits System 120.These power signals are to the DC voltage signal of the various assembly power supplies of RF Circuits System 120.Under normal circumstances, IF signal also transmits between baseband module and RF Circuits System 120.
In general design technology, active antenna (110-1 to 110-N) array is implemented on the substrate of the IC being also equipped with RF Circuits System thereon.Multiple field substrate and the metal throuth hole that connects between the layers manufacture IC.Multiple field substrate can be metal and dielectric layer combination and can by such as lamination (such as, FR4 glass epoxy resin, Bismaleimide Triazine), pottery (such as, LTCC LTCC), polymer (such as, polyimides), make based on the composition (such as PTFE/ pottery, PTFE/ woven fiberglass) of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and Woven glass reinforcing material (such as, Woven glass strengthens resin), wafer-class encapsulation and other encapsulation, technique and material.The cost of multiple field substrate is the function of the area of layer; The area of layer is larger, and the cost of substrate is higher.
The antenna oscillator of active antenna (110-1 to 110-N) array generally by having metal pattern to realize in multiple field substrate.Each antenna oscillator can utilize several substrate layer.In routine in the realization of millimetre-wave attenuator, antenna oscillator is designed to occupy the one-sided of multilager base plate side.Such execution is to allow aerial radiation correctly to be propagated.
In the conventional design of RF system, active antenna 110-1 to 110-N is phase array.Phased array antenna provides the beam focal of many antenna oscillators ability in the direction indicated.That is, phased array antenna action as they are individual antenna.
Connection between phased array antenna oscillator is usually by using the adder components feeding from all antenna oscillators being unified into single feeding to perform.This adder components can work along the various positions of feeding.Feed path (so, the frequency along the signal of this feed path) from base band to RF module can change over RF frequency from IF.
The routine of phase array realizes the array generally comprising same antenna oscillator.Each antenna oscillator is subject to the control of adjustable control independently, and the feeding of this adjustable this antenna oscillator of regulating and controlling is to coordinate mutually with residue antenna oscillator.Therefore, overall wave beam is focused in particular directions or creates particular beam shape.
Because these antenna oscillator is identical, so know this, adjustable to control when having independent phase to control to the feeding of each oscillator be optimum.
As shown in Figure 2, conventional phased array antenna uses identical oscillator 210-1 to 210-4 (be hereafter individually called oscillator 210, or be collectively referred to as oscillator 210).The direction that signal is propagated is for the roughly the same gain of each oscillator 210 output, and the phase place of oscillator 210 is different.
In very high frequency (such as, between 30GHz and 300GHz), conventional phased array antenna uses the principle identical with lower frequency to realize.
The antenna oscillator had close to omnidirectional radiation pattern to be produced have restriction fundamentally in very high frequency.This means that each oscillator in conventional phased array antenna has the feature of narrow beam width.Such as, there is the patch antenna element being greater than 4dBi or there is the ground dipole element being greater than 2dBi and may can not focus on well.The conventional phased array antenna of 10log (the N)+5dBi gain phase array that can be configured to focus on well in the 5dBi oscillator figure of individuality that has with N number of identical oscillator carrys out result realization.
High frequency diffraction Bob low-frequency transmission introduces more loss.Therefore, the ability of efficient transmission is important design criterion for the aerial array operated in high frequency in all directions.Thus, the conventional design of phased array antenna is inefficiency for the transmission of the such as millimeter-wave signal at 60GHz frequency band place.
Therefore, the technical scheme providing the operation improving phased array antenna will be useful.
General introduction
Being summarized as follows of some exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.This is summarized as and helps reader and be provided, thus provides the basic comprehension to this type of aspect and incomplete restriction range of the present disclosure.Detailed the combining of this not all aspect contemplated of general introduction is look at, and both not intended to be identified the scope of key or decisive any or all aspect of elements nor delineate of all aspects.Its unique object be to provide one or more aspect in simplified form some concepts using the sequence as the more detailed description provided after a while.For convenience's sake, term " some aspects " can be used to refer to single aspect of the present disclosure or many aspects in this article.
The disclosure relates to the method for operating multiple radiating doublet in various.In some implementations, the method comprises phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet measured in the plurality of radiating doublet; Recording phase place and recording feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; And each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
The disclosure relates to the various aspects being disposed for the device communicated further.This device comprises multiple radiating doublet; And be configured to the treatment system performing following operation: phase place and the gain of measuring each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet; Feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is determined in phase place and gain is recorded based on corresponding radiating doublet; And feeding gain and the feeding phase place of each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet are set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
Various aspect of the present disclosure additionally provides the equipment for operating multiple radiating doublet.This equipment comprises for measuring the phase place of each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet and the device of gain; For based on corresponding radiating doublet record phase place and record gain determine each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet feeding gain and feeding phase place device; And for arranging the device of each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
Various aspect of the present disclosure further provides one and accesses terminal, and it comprises multiple radiating doublet; Treatment system, it is configured to: phase place and the gain of measuring each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet; Recording phase place and recording feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; Each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is set independently for determined feeding gain and feeding phase place; And transmitter, it is configured to transmit via set radiating doublet.
Various aspect of the present disclosure further provides a kind of computer program comprising computer-readable medium.This computer-readable medium comprises instruction, and it can perform with phase place and the gain of measuring each radiating doublet in multiple radiating doublet; Recording phase place and recording feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; And each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet is set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
Accompanying drawing is sketched
Body matter disclosed herein is highlighted and claimed specifically in claims of the end of specification.Aspects disclosed herein aforementioned and other object, feature and advantage will from the detailed descriptions understood below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to become clear.
Fig. 1 explains orally the diagram with the RF module of active antenna array.
Fig. 2 is the diagram of the signal propagation explained orally in the routine realization of phased array antenna.
Fig. 3 is the diagram of the radiation diagram of the RFIC explained orally constructed by an aspect.
Fig. 4 explains orally the cross sectional view according to the RFIC of the layout of the aerial array of an aspect.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phased array antenna describing various disclosed aspect.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the utilization explained orally according to the adjustable feeding gain to non-equal element on the one hand.
Describe in detail
Various aspects of the present disclosure are below described.Should be apparent that, instruction herein can embody by various form, and any ad hoc structure disclosed herein, function or both be only representational.Based on instruction herein, those skilled in the art should understand aspect disclosed herein and can to realize independent of any other side and two or more in these aspects can be combined in various manners.Such as, the aspect of any number described in this paper can be used to come implement device or hands-on approach.In addition, can use supplementary or replace other structures of one or more aspect described in this paper, function or 26S Proteasome Structure and Function to realize this kind of device or to put into practice this kind of method.In addition, any aspect disclosed herein usually can be realized by one or more units of claim.
As an above example, in some respects, method for operating phased array antenna can comprise phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet in the multiple radiating doublets measuring this phased array antenna, record based on corresponding radiating doublet feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet of this phased array antenna is determined in phase place and gain, and feeding gain and the feeding phase place of each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet of this phased array antenna are set independently.In addition, in some respects, each radiating doublet in the plurality of radiating doublet in phased array antenna is different.
Disclosed aspect is the many possible useful use of innovative teachings presented herein and the example of realization.Usually, the statement made in present specification may not limit any various disclosed aspect.In addition, some statements can be applied to some creative feature but not be applied to other features.Except as otherwise noted, otherwise singular elements can be plural (and vice versa) and without loss of generality usually.In the accompanying drawings, similar Reference numeral runs through several view and indicates roughly the same part.
Proposed aspect avoids the shortcoming of the prior art solution for operating phased array antenna by the non-equal antenna oscillator of control antenna array.This kind of aspect allows the efficient performance of basic unequal array to the direction of each independent oscillator and power by further customized application.
According to various aspects disclosed herein, the antenna oscillator of the non-equal of aerial array is operated independently to the good covering in all directions providing and have various polarization.Disclosed technology can be utilized in the RF module with active antenna array, and this active antenna array comprises multiple subarray.
Fig. 3 semantically explained orally can be utilized to perform disclosed in the radiation diagram of RF module 300.RF module 300 at least encapsulates six sub-array antennas (not being labeled in figure 3), RF Circuits System (such as, in integrated circuit form) 320 and discrete electronic component 330, all these assemblies are manufactured on the multiple field substrate 310 of RF module 300.The sub-array antenna forming the active antenna array of module 300 is designed to receive and launch the millimeter-wave signal propagated from four sides 301,302,303 and 304 of RF module 300.In addition, signal upwards can be propagated through the upper surface 305 of RF module 300, and propagates downwards through the bottom surface 306 of RF module 300.
In one configuration, RF module 300 is mounted in the electronic device to provide the Millimeter Wave Applications of 60GHz.The example of this type of application includes but not limited to wireless docking station, wireless video transmission, goes to the wireless connectivity of storage facility and similar application etc.Electronic equipment can comprise such as smart phone, mobile phone, flat computer, access point, accesses terminal, IAD, electronics sell booth, laptop computer and similar electronic equipment etc. automatically.
According to a realization, each oscillator in each sub-array antenna 310 can be subject to the control of RF Circuits System 320 independently.This type of controls to be performed to provide the good covering in all directions with various polarization with discussing in detail further as following.As a result, signal can appointing charge-coupled conjunction to be received and/or launching by these six sub-array antennas in RF module 300.Thus this type of signal can in any direction combine received.Such as, need the sub-array antenna in the upper strata of substrate 310 and bottom to allow by upwards with Signal reception in downward direction and transmitting, etc.As will following described, each radiating doublet in any sub-array antenna can be independently controlled the aerial array improving further and optimize in module 300.It should be noted that each sub-array antenna is configured to transmit and receive millimeter-wave signal.On the one hand, each sub-array antenna is configured in 60GHz band transmission and receives radio signals.
Fig. 4 explains orally the cross sectional view according to the RFIC module 300 of the layout of the aerial array of an aspect.As in Fig. 4 explain orally, the multiple field substrate 310 of RF module 300 comprises six sub-array antennas 421,422,423,434,425 and 426, and it comprises the active antenna array of this module and is implemented on the different layers of multiple field substrate 310.Exemplary multilayer formula substrate 310 comprises 8 layer 411 to 418.This type of layer each comprise be attached to each other dielectric, metal and semi-conducting material sublayer.
Particularly, sub-array antenna 421 is implemented (such as, printing or manufacture) at the front layer 411 of substrate 310 and with the upper radiation of upward direction (305).On the rear layer 416 that sub-array antenna 422 is implemented in substrate 310 and (306) upper radiation in downward direction.Sub-array antenna 423,424,425 and 426 is implemented in any intermediate layer 412,413,414 and 415 of substrate 410.
On the one hand, each sub-array antenna 423,424,425 and 426 is implemented in the different layers place in intermediate layer 412,413,414 and 415.On the other hand, two or more sub-array antennas 423,424,425 and 426 can share the identical layer in intermediate layer 412,413,414 and 415.In an example configuration, sub-array antenna 423,424,425 and 426 is respectively by side 301,302,303 and 304 radiation of RF module 300.
In semantic diagram in the diagram, layer 417 and 418 is ground planes of RF module 300.On the one hand, all sub-array antennas share ground plane 417 and 418.Compact stacked and shortening vertical signal route is maintained to this shared permission RF module 300 of ground plane, is decreased through the loss of signal of various aerial array by this.
Each sub-array antenna 421,422,423,424,425 and 426 can be active antenna, such as phased array antenna, and wherein each radiating doublet can be independently controlled to make it possible to use beam forming technique.In addition, active antenna can be phased array antenna, and wherein each radiating doublet can by individually and control independently to make it possible to use beam forming technique.In specific one, each sub-array antenna 421,422,423,424,425 and 426 can be utilized to receive in 60GHz frequency band and launch millimeter-wave signal.As being described in detail following, the radiating doublet of the sub-array antenna 421 and 422 of the general and front layer and back layer (411,416) of the radiating doublet of " side " sub-array antenna 423,424,425 and 426 differently constructs.
As depicted in figure 4, RF Circuits System (RFIC) 440 and discrete electronic component 450 also can realize on multiple field substrate 310.RF Circuits System 440 generally uses frequency mixer (not shown in Figure 1) to perform up-conversion to convert intermediate frequency (IF) signal to radio frequency (RF) signal.Subsequently, RF Circuits System 440 according to the control of control signal, by TX antenna transmission RF signal.
In a receive mode, RF Circuits System 440 receives RF signal by active R X antenna and uses frequency mixer to perform and uses local oscillator (LO) signal to the down-conversion of IF signal, and IF signal is sent to baseband module.In addition, according on the one hand, RF Circuits System 440 can control antenna subarray 421,422,423,424,425 and 426 independently of one another.This independent control allows the optimum reached on higher antenna diversity and concrete direction to cover.
As indefiniteness example, RF Circuits System 440 can open sub-array antenna 421 and close simultaneously other aerial arrays and/or open side aerial array, etc.It should be noted that, except controlling each sub-array antenna independently, the radiating doublet in each sub-array antenna also can be independently controlled.RF Circuits System 440 also controls the phase place of every antenna to set up the beam forming operation of phased array antenna.
Discrete electronic component 450 comprises assembly described above.On the one hand, RF Circuits System 440 assembly 450 is encapsulated in the metal skirt (not shown) inside of RF module 300.This metal skirt depends on front layer 411, thus RF Circuits System 440 assembly 450 is also mounted on front layer.Will be appreciated that the layout of sub-array antenna 421-426 makes the number of antenna to maximize, and therefore make the size of the active antenna in millimeter wave RF block maximize and do not increase the area of RF module.Thus, be arranged as with this type of feature in, although the number that the area of RF module can be kept Min. antenna adds.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of the phased array antenna 500 describing various disclosed aspect.On the one hand, antenna 500 can be any sub-array antenna 421-426 discussed for Fig. 4 above herein.On the other hand, it is one or more that antenna 500 can comprise in these six subarrays, by this as the active antenna array of RF module.
Phased array antenna 500 comprises several (N number of) radiating doublet 510-1 to 510-N, and each antenna oscillator is designed to such as receive on 60GHz frequency band and launch mm ripple signal.It should be noted that different subarray 421-426 and radiating doublet 510-1 to the 510-N of formation antenna 500 can use dissimilar antenna oscillator to construct.Such as, first group of radiating doublet can be dipole, and second group of radiating doublet can be Yagi spark gap (Yagi-Uda) antenna.
In a receive direction, each radiating doublet 510-1 to 510-N is connected respectively to LNA520-1 to 520-N and (is hereinafter collectively referred to as LNA520 or is individually called low noise amplifier (LNA) 520, this just disclosed aspect is not formed to simplify limit) and phase shifter 525-1 to 525-N (be hereinafter collectively referred to as phase shifter 525 or be individually called phase shifter 525, this does not just form restriction to disclosed aspect to simplify), and be further connected to the adder components 550 added up by the signal received.
In a transmit direction, each radiating doublet in radiating doublet 510-1 to 510-N is connected to power amplifier (PA) 540-1 to 540-N respectively and (is hereinafter collectively referred to as power amplifier 540 or is individually called power amplifier 540, this just disclosed aspect is not formed to simplify limit) and be connected to phase shifter 545-1 to 545-N (be hereinafter collectively referred to as phase shifter 545 or be individually called phase shifter 545), and be further connected to and will import RF signal into and be distributed to the distributor 560 of all radiating doublets.
According to disclosed aspect, the phase theta i of each phase shifter 525 or 545 is in the reception of signal or individually or independently controlled during transmitting.In addition, the gain A i of each LNA520 or PA540 is independently controlled during the reception or transmission of signal.Thus, according to disclosed aspect, the gain that the signal to all oscillators is fed to and phase place (Ai; θ i, i=1 ..., N) individually controlled, optimize the performance of phased array antenna 500 on all directions and all polarizations by this.
On the one hand, controllable components (that is, amplifier 520 and 540 and phase shifter 525 and 545) is subject to processing system 570 and controls.Feeding gain and phase place that treatment system 570 is configured to by regulating oscillator 510 carry out operational antennas 500.For by gain and phase place (Ai; θ i) the various aspect that controls as the function of direction and polarization and other depend on that the aspect of realization is discussed in more detail with reference to figure 6 hereinafter.
Treatment system 570 can comprise the larger process system that realizes with one or more processor or can be its assembly.The one or more processor can with general purpose microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), controller, state machine, gate logic, discrete hardware components, specialized hardware finite state machine, maybe can realize information and executing calculation or other any combinations of any other suitable entities handled.
Treatment system 570 also can comprise the machine readable media for storing software.Software should be construed broadly into the instruction meaning any type, no matter its be referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other.Instruction can comprise code (such as, in source code format, binary code form, executable code form or any other suitable code format).These instructions make treatment system perform various function described herein when being performed by this one or more processor.
On the one hand, treatment system 570 can be integrated in RF Circuits System (such as, RF Circuits System 440, Fig. 4).On the other hand, treatment system 570 can be a part for baseband module (not shown).
In particular aspects, radiating doublet 510-1 to 510-N based on balanced type feed antenna, such as dipole antenna or Yagi antenna.Generally, balanced type feed antenna is coupled to " balanced-to-unblanced transformer " element, and it generates balanced type (difference) signal from the input signal that will launch.Reception operation is reciprocity, and namely antenna generates equalize instructing signal, and it is combined into single channel via equilibrating to uneven conversion.
According to disclosed aspect, phase shifter 525 and 545 can be configured to perform balanced-to-unblanced transformer function.That is, phase shifter 525 and 545 can be configured to generate balanced type differential signal by arranging 180 degree of phase differences between two feedings (not shown in Figure 5) of antenna oscillator.Specifically, when requiring balanced-to-unblanced transformer function, first feeding phase place feeding be configured to θ i and another feeding phase place feeding be configured to θ i+180 °.Will be appreciated that in this, there is no need the part of explicit balanced-to-unblanced transformer as RF modular design.
Fig. 6 explains orally the flow chart 600 according to the method for operating phased array antenna 500 on the one hand.The method have adjusted non-equal and the feeding gain of the radiating doublet of unbalanced and phase place.
At S610, measure gain G i and the phase place Φ i of each radiating doublet 510.On the one hand, this measurement is performed during beam forming procedure.In order to measure gain G i and phase place Φ i, transmitter continues to launch (repetitive sequence) signal to having the receiver wanting controlled phased array antenna (such as, antenna 500).Gain G i and phase place Φ i can be measured as the function of the physical direction D of the opposite side of communication link and polarization.Physical direction D and polarization change because of the movement in transmitter or receiver and rotation.
Receiver opens a radiating doublet (such as, oscillator 510-1) and cuts out other radiating doublets (such as, oscillator 510-2 to 510-N).For each radiating doublet performs this operation.For each oscillator opened, receiver measurement receives phase place and the amplitude of signal.The information that records is used as gain G i and the phase place Φ i of corresponding oscillator.On the one hand, all oscillators record gain G i and phase place Φ i is stored in controller 570.In addition, these measurements also can be sent to transmitter.
Example process for measuring gain G i and phase place Φ i is also ratified on May 20th, 2010 and discusses in the PHY/MAC specification of the IEEE802.11ad standard (being also referred to as WiGi) published.On the one hand, gain G i and phase place Φ i is used in the feeding controlling corresponding oscillator during the reception or transmission of signal.
At S620, have selected two configurable parameter α and β.Parameter alpha and β are used to calculate feeding gain and phase place Ai and θ i, and it is proportional with the antenna gain Gi recorded and phase place Φ i.On the one hand, the value of α and β is Stochastic choice.On the other hand, the value of α and β is determined to make phase quantization error minimize.Generally, the accuracy of beam steering and other attributes of radiation diagram depend on the phase place feeding of radiating doublet.The phase place feeding of phase quantization error effect, and the antenna performance reducing that this error allows to improve.
On the one hand, α and β value are configured to the scope of pre-configured value, and phase quantization error is measured.Select to provide the α of minimum degree error and the setting of β value.
At S630, the feeding gain of each radiating doublet and phase place (Ai; θ i, i=1 ..., N) and based on these parameters and the antenna gain recorded and phase place (Gi; Φ i, i=1 .., N) individually determined.On the one hand, configurable parameter α and β is used to determine feeding gain and phase place.
On the one hand, individual oscillator feeding gain and phase value Ai; θ i can be confirmed as with the feeding gain of array and phase place proportional.On the one hand, the optimal value of array feeding gain A i and phase theta i can be confirmed as the function in direction.This is determined can by such as using predetermined party formula, allly come such as formula 1 and 2 and so on, as shown below:
Ai=∝ Gi formula 1
θ i=-φ i+ β formula 2
Gi, Φ i, α and β are as defined above.
Use above shown in the feeding gain that calculates of formula 1 and 2 and phase place provide appointment optimum in the minimal noise meaning at maximum power efficiency in transmitter and receiver place.On the one hand, phase place can by observing with lower inequality:
formula 3
As θ i=-φ i+ β. time, formula 3 reaches equal.
The another aspect arranging the value of Ai and θ i can use following formula to determine:
formula 4
If Ai=∝ is Gi, then formula 4 reaches equal.On the one hand, use formula 3 or formula 4 arrange array gain and make sidelobe minimization.On the other hand, the secondary lobe of radiating doublet can be minimized by such as non-convex optimization algorithm.This type of algorithm can make the gain on required direction maximize, and makes other directions to minimize or is returned to zero by other specific directions.The operation of non-convex optimization and similar algorithm is effective, because these radiating doublets (510) are different, and their corresponding gain G i value is different thus.In addition, be fed to gain A i to be independently controlled.
On the other hand, the value being fed to gain A i and phase theta i can be confirmed as far as possible closest to the value of optimal value.Can based on following formula determine θ i as far as possible closest to optimal value:
formula 5
Can based on following formula determine Ai as far as possible closest to optimal value:
formula 6
On the one hand, Monte-Carlo method or exhaustive search can be used to the formula that solves 5, formula 6, or the two.
In this, if the control realized is inefficiency or the optimal value additionally can not reaching feeding gain A i and phase theta i, then the value being fed to gain A i and phase theta i can be determined to be as far as possible closest to the value of optimal value.This can not reach optimal value may owing to such as controlling gain mismatch in quantification, amplifier architecture, chain etc. and occurring.
On the other hand, in order to save power, in array one or more complete chain can be closed.Preferably, this type of chain of cutting out is the chain with lowest gain value Gi.Close to have and allow to save power compared with the specific chains of low gain and make performance degradation be minimum degree simultaneously.In this type of, at S640, determine which bar chain or which chain will be closed.Pent chain can be had the chain of the predetermined number of lowest gain value Gi, the chain with any number of the overall gain value below threshold value etc. by (but being not limited to) determine.
On the other hand, feeding gain A i that is any or all oscillators revises by the arbitrary shape gain constant α changing the oscillator revised.This amendment can occur by such as changing the amplification of the gain of oscillator.In this type of, reduction parameter alpha will reduce the power consumption in array, because all amplifiers are tending towards in order to lower yield value consuming less power.
In S650, the gain of each oscillator in array and phase place are set independently based on the feeding yield value Ai of each oscillator and phase value θ i.It should be noted that above all in, when realizing balanced-to-unblanced transformer function, the feeding of one of them antenna is configured to θ i, and another is configured to θ i+180 °.
Be important to note that these aspects are examples of the many useful use of innovative teachings herein.Particularly, innovative teachings disclosed herein can be adapted to be needed to receive and transmit in the consumer electronics of any type of millimeter-wave signal.In addition, some statements can be applied to some creative feature but not be applied to other features.Except as otherwise noted, otherwise can be plural (and vice versa) and without loss of generality by understanding single element usually.
In addition, the various assembly described represented by this paper and function can use any suitable device to realize.Such device uses corresponding construction as taught herein to realize at least in part.Such as, above in conjunction with treatment system 570 describe assembly correspond to similar name " for ... device " functional.Therefore, in some implementations, one or more in processor module, integrated circuit or other suitable construction as taught herein of the one or more devices uses in such device realizes.
In some implementations, the such as communication apparatus construction of transceiver or RF module is configured to device functional implemented for receiving and launch any signal (such as millimeter-wave signal).Such as, in some implementations, this structure is programmed or is designed to receive and processes any signal that receives of result as reception operation.In addition, in some implementations, this structure is programmed or is designed to process and launches any signal that the result as firing operation launches.Generally, communication apparatus construction comprises based on wireless receiver equipment thereof.
In some implementations, treatment system structure (such as ASIC or programmable processor) is configured to implement device functional for the gain and phase place of measuring each radiating doublet.In some implementations, this structure is programmed further or is designed to determine record based on each radiating doublet feeding gain and the phase place that gain and phase place determine each radiating doublet accordingly.In some implementations, this structure is programmed further or is designed to arrange independently feeding gain and the phase place of each radiating doublet.
The method described in conjunction with each side disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can be embodied directly in hardware, in the software module performed by processor or in the combination of both and implement.Software module (such as, comprise executable instruction and relevant data) and other data can be in memory resident, the such as computer-readable recording medium of RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, removable dish, CD-ROM or other form any known in the art.Example storage medium can be coupled to for example machine such as computer/processor (for for simplicity, can be described as in this article " processor "), to make this processor can from/to this storage medium reading writing information (code).Example storage medium can be integrated into processor.Processor and storage medium can reside in ASIC.ASIC can reside in subscriber's installation.Alternatively, processor and storage medium can be used as discrete assembly and reside in subscriber's installation.In addition, in some respects, any suitable computer program can comprise computer-readable medium, and this computer-readable medium comprises can perform (such as, can be performed by least one computer) to provide the functional code relevant with one or more aspect of the present disclosure.In some respects, computer program can comprise encapsulating material.Further, non-transient computer-readable medium is any computer-readable medium except transient propagation signal.
In one or more illustrative aspects, described function can realize in hardware, software, firmware or its any combination.If realized in software, then each function can as one or more instruction or code storage on a computer-readable medium or mat its transmit.Computer-readable medium comprises computer-readable storage medium and communication media, comprises and facilitates computer program from a ground to any medium that another ground shifts.Computer-readable medium can be can by any usable medium of computer access.Exemplarily non-limiting, this type of computer-readable medium can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage apparatus, maybe can be used for carrying or storing instruction or data structure form expectation program code and can by any other medium of computer access.Any connection is also properly termed a computer-readable medium.Such as, if software be use coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, digital subscribe lines (DSL) or such as infrared, radio and microwave and so on wireless technology from web site, server or other remote source transmission, then this coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, DSL or such as infrared, radio and microwave and so on wireless technology are just included among the definition of medium.Dish as used herein (disk) and dish (disc) comprise compact disc (CD), laser dish, laser disc, digital versatile dish (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc, its mid-game (disk) is often with the mode rendering data of magnetic, and dish (disc) laser rendering data to be optically.Therefore, in some respects, computer-readable medium can comprise non-transient computer-readable medium (such as, tangible medium, computer-readable recording medium, computer readable storage devices etc.).Non-transient computer-readable medium (such as, computer readable storage devices) like this can comprise the medium (such as, memory devices, dielectric disc etc.) of described herein or otherwise known any tangible form.In addition, in some respects, computer-readable medium can comprise transitory computer-readable medium (such as, comprising signal).Above-mentioned combination should also be included in the scope of computer-readable medium.Will be appreciated that computer-readable medium can realize in any suitable computer program.Although this document describes particular aspects, numerous variant and the displacement of these aspects fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
And, should be appreciated that and use the such as name such as the first feeding, the second feeding any citation of element not to be limited usually to quantity or the order of those elements herein.On the contrary, these names are typically used as the convenient method of two or more elements of difference or element instance in this article.Therefore, the citation of the first element and the second element is not meant that and can adopt before only two elements or the first element must be positioned at the second element in some way here.Equally, unless stated otherwise, otherwise element set comprises one or more element.In addition, " at least one in A, B or C " or " one or more in A, B or C " or " comprising at least one in the group of A, B and C " that use in specification or claim or the term of " at least one in A, B and C " form represent " any combination of A or B or C or these elements." such as, this term can comprise A or B or C or A and B or A and C or A and B and C or 2A or 2B or 2C, etc.
Although refer to some benefits and the advantage of preferred aspect, the scope of the present disclosure not intended to be is defined to particular benefits, purposes or target.Specifically, each side of the present disclosure is intended to broadly be applied to different wireless technologys, system configuration, network and host-host protocol, and some of them exemplarily explain orally in accompanying drawing and this description.
The above description to disclosed aspect is provided to be to make any person skilled in the art all can make or use the disclosure.To be apparent to those skilled in the art to the various amendments of these aspects, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects and can not depart from the scope of the present disclosure.Thus, the disclosure not intended to be is defined to each side illustrated herein, but the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and novel features should be awarded.
Claims (23)
1., for operating a method for multiple radiating doublet, comprising:
Measure phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet;
Recording phase place and recording feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; And
Each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is different.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet and phase place are measured as the function of specific direction and rotation.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, each feeding gain and described to record gain proportional, and each feeding phase place have to each corresponding radiating doublet record the contrary polarity of phase place.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly determines to comprise:
Gain (Ai) will be fed to and be arranged to Ai=∝ Gi, and phase place (θ i) will be fed to and be arranged to θ i=-Φ i+ β, wherein ∝ and β is configurable parameter, and Gi and Φ i is recording gain and recording phase place of described corresponding radiating doublet respectively.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, comprise further:
The value of configurable parameter described in Stochastic choice.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, comprise further:
The value of described configurable parameter is selected based on the quantization error be associated with the transmission of radio signal or the reception of radio signal.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, each described radiating doublet comprises the first and second feedings, and wherein saidly determines to comprise:
Phase difference between first and second feeding described is arranged to 180 degree.
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, each described radiating doublet transmits and receives signal at 60GHz or more in high frequency band.
10. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Described multiple radiating doublet is arranged to following at least one: front sub-array antenna, aft antenna subarray or one or more middle sub-array antenna.
11. 1 kinds, for the device communicated, comprising:
Multiple radiating doublet; And
Treatment system, it is configured to:
Measure phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet;
Feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is determined in phase place and gain is recorded based on corresponding radiating doublet; And
Feeding gain and the feeding phase place of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet are set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
12. devices as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is different.
13. devices as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet and phase place are measured as the function of specific direction and rotation.
14. devices as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, each feeding gain and described to record gain proportional, and each feeding phase place have to each corresponding radiating doublet record the contrary polarity of phase place.
15. devices as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, treatment system is further configured to is arranged to Ai=∝ * Gi by described feeding gain (Ai), and described feeding phase place (θ i) is arranged to θ i=-Φ i+ β, wherein ∝ and β is configurable parameter, and Gi and Φ i records gain respectively and describedly records phase place described in described corresponding radiating doublet.
16. devices as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, described treatment system is further configured to the value of configurable parameter described in Stochastic choice.
17. devices as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, described treatment system is further configured to the value selecting described configurable parameter based on the quantization error be associated with the transmission or reception of radio signal.
18. devices as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, each described radiating doublet comprises the first and second feedings, and wherein said treatment system be further configured to by described first and second feeding between phase difference be arranged to 180 degree.
19. devices as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, each described radiating doublet transmits and receives signal at 60GHz or more in high frequency band.
20. devices as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, described multiple radiating doublet is arranged to following at least one: front sub-array antenna, aft antenna subarray or one or more middle sub-array antenna.
21. 1 kinds of computer programs comprising computer-readable medium, described computer-readable medium has and can perform instruction for following operation by device:
Measure phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet;
Recording phase place and recording feeding gain and the feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; And
Each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
22. 1 kinds, for operating the equipment of multiple radiating doublet, comprising:
For measuring the phase place of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet and the device of gain;
For based on corresponding radiating doublet record phase place and record gain determine each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet feeding gain and feeding phase place device; And
For arranging the device of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place.
23. 1 kinds access terminal, comprising:
Multiple radiating doublet;
Treatment system, it is configured to:
Measure phase place and the gain of each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet;
Recording phase place and recording the feeding gain industry feeding phase place that each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is determined in gain based on corresponding radiating doublet; And
Each radiating doublet in described multiple radiating doublet is set independently based on determined feeding gain and feeding phase place; And
Transmitter, it is configured to transmit via set radiating doublet.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361843741P | 2013-07-08 | 2013-07-08 | |
| US61/843,741 | 2013-07-08 | ||
| US14/325,346 US20140320344A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2014-07-07 | Techniques for operating phased array antennas in millimeterwave radio modules |
| US14/325,346 | 2014-07-07 | ||
| PCT/US2014/045699 WO2015006293A1 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | Techniques for operating phased array antennas in millimeter-wave radio modules |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105393403A true CN105393403A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
| CN105393403B CN105393403B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480038798.7A Expired - Fee Related CN105393403B (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | For operating the technology of millimeter wqve radio mould phased array antenna in the block |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3020091A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6580561B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105393403B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI652857B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015006293A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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| CN110380234A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-25 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | Mostly band end-on-fire antenna and array |
| CN111386691A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-07 | 三星电子株式会社 | Antenna system for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave signals |
| CN112243570A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-19 | 高通股份有限公司 | Antenna element feed path component management for5G-NR millimeter wave communications |
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| DE112017006227T5 (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-09-05 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Mobile station, RF-fronted module for mobile station and integrated circuit of a frontend |
| US11088467B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2021-08-10 | Raytheon Company | Printed wiring board with radiator and feed circuit |
| US10581177B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2020-03-03 | Raytheon Company | High frequency polymer on metal radiator |
| US10541461B2 (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2020-01-21 | Ratheon Company | Tile for an active electronically scanned array (AESA) |
| US11424539B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-08-23 | Intel Corporation | Wireless communication technology, apparatuses, and methods |
| US10361485B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2019-07-23 | Raytheon Company | Tripole current loop radiating element with integrated circularly polarized feed |
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- 2014-07-08 JP JP2016525413A patent/JP6580561B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-08 TW TW103123506A patent/TWI652857B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-07-08 WO PCT/US2014/045699 patent/WO2015006293A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-07-08 CN CN201480038798.7A patent/CN105393403B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-08 EP EP14742708.2A patent/EP3020091A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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| US20110063169A1 (en) * | 2009-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Phased-array transceiver for millimeter-wave frequencies |
| WO2012074446A1 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-07 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Method, antenna array, computer program and computer program product for obtaining at least one calibration parameter |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111386691A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-07 | 三星电子株式会社 | Antenna system for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave signals |
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| US11682827B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-06-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Antenna system for transmitting and receiving mm-wave signal |
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| CN110380234B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2021-09-21 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | Multi-band endfire antenna and array |
| CN112243570A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-19 | 高通股份有限公司 | Antenna element feed path component management for5G-NR millimeter wave communications |
| CN112243570B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-03-31 | 高通股份有限公司 | Antenna element feed path component management for5G-NR millimeter wave communications |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI652857B (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| WO2015006293A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
| JP6580561B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| TW201508997A (en) | 2015-03-01 |
| CN105393403B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
| EP3020091A1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| JP2016528794A (en) | 2016-09-15 |
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