CN105392509A - 包括反向加载保护的输液泵 - Google Patents

包括反向加载保护的输液泵 Download PDF

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CN105392509A
CN105392509A CN201480041012.7A CN201480041012A CN105392509A CN 105392509 A CN105392509 A CN 105392509A CN 201480041012 A CN201480041012 A CN 201480041012A CN 105392509 A CN105392509 A CN 105392509A
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pumping mechanism
pipe
pumping
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CN105392509B (zh
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洪·朱
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Baxter Healthcare SA
Baxter International Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/14212—Pumping with an aspiration and an expulsion action
    • A61M5/14228—Pumping with an aspiration and an expulsion action with linear peristaltic action, i.e. comprising at least three pressurising members or a helical member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/08—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members
    • F04B43/082—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members the tubular flexible member being pressed against a wall by a number of elements, each having an alternating movement in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the tubular member and each having its own driving mechanism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16831—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies
    • A61M2005/16863—Occlusion detection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/27—General characteristics of the apparatus preventing use
    • A61M2205/276—General characteristics of the apparatus preventing use preventing unwanted use

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种输液泵(50)，用于将流体传输通过被连接到泵的输注装置(64)的管(66)，其中泵包括壳体(52)和被安装到壳体的泵送机构(62)。泵送机构包括：多个泵送指部(80)；马达(96)，该马达用于序列地往复地移动所述多个泵送指部；以及闭塞传感器(90)，该闭塞传感器被构造成检测管到泵送机构的反向加载。在操作中，当传感器检测到输注装置管被反向加载到泵送机构时，闭塞传感器致使触发报警器(61)和防止泵送机构(62)的操作中的至少一个。

Description

包括反向加载保护的输液泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于保护以防输液系统的误加载的系统，并且更具体地涉及一种包括误加载保护特征的系统，其实现输注装置到输液泵的正确连接。
背景技术
输液系统将包括营养物和药物的流体输送到患者。这种系统包括泵，该泵被编程以将这些流体以预定的剂量和在指定的时间间隔下供给到患者。在流体通过输液系统的输注中的错误能够由包括输注装置到系统的误加载或误连接的许多原因造成。这些问题能够导致流体到患者的过输液或欠输液、错过的治疗或延迟的治疗，这些能够显著地影响患者的健康和恢复。结果，已经建立准则以增强输液系统的安全性。
存在临床医生典型地执行诸如“线路管理”或“线路示踪”以帮助消除误连接或误加载的若干安全性检查。安装这样的输液系统和详细的连接管理步骤，特别地随着患者的总体输液系统的复杂性增加，对临床医生造成时间负担并且易出错误。也就是，在输液系统中的多个输注装置、药物、合流点、进入端口、泵通道增加执行输液系统安全性检查所需的时间的量并且也为错误引入额外的机会。
因此，存在对于如下系统的需求：该系统在减少人为错误的同时便于输注装置到输液系统的正确连接。
发明内容
本输液泵包括误加载保护特征，其在帮助最小化人为错误的同时引导输注装置到输液泵的正确连接。
在一个实施例中，设置输液泵，该输液泵用于将流体传输通过输注装置的管，其中泵包括壳体和被安装到壳体的泵送机构。泵送机构包括：多个泵送指部；马达，该马达用于序列地往复地移动所述多个泵送指部；以及闭塞传感器，该闭塞传感器被构造成检测管到泵送机构的反向加载。当闭塞传感器检测到管到泵送机构的反向加载时，闭塞传感器致使马达关停。
在另一个实施例中，当所述传感器没有检测到被安装在泵送机构上的管时，闭塞传感器致使触发报警器和防止所述泵送机构的操作中的至少一个。可选的误加载传感器被构造成当管正确地加载在泵送机构上时检测管。阀与泵送指部中的一个泵送指部关联，并且被构造用于闭塞管。在另一个实施例中，上述阀与位于所述泵送机构的端部处的泵送指部关联，并且被构造用于闭塞管。而且，报警器包括音频指示器、视觉指示器或触觉指示器中的一个。也包括输入装置，其中当闭塞传感器检测到在泵送机构上的管的正常加载时初始化泵送机构的操作。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明的实施例的输液泵的透视图；
图2是示出其中门处于打开位置的图1的输液泵的透视图；
图3是示出连接到图1的输液泵的输注装置的实施例的透视图；
图4是示出图3的输注装置的管的局部透视图，该管插入通过图1的输液泵的滑动夹并且由图1的输液泵的滑动夹夹紧；并且
图5是与图1的输液泵关联的泵送机构的实施例的局部前视图，其中泵送机构包括闭塞传感器和阀。
具体实施方式
参考图1-5，使用包括输液泵50的输液输送系统以将流体诸如药物或营养物以预定量和在周期性时间间隔下输送到患者。输液泵50可以是小的便携式泵或更大的泵，诸如在美国专利No.5018945中公开的输液泵，该专利通过引用并入本文。如图1所示，输液泵50包括：壳体52；门54，该门54可枢转地连接到壳体；和在门上的显示器56和小键盘58，也可包括其他输入装置。显示器56和小键盘58用于为输液泵编程，并且更具体地，为在泵中的处理器60编程以设定流体输送量和时间间隔，处理器60又与泵送机构62通信。
流体通过在图3中示出的流体输注装置64而向和从输液泵50移动。通过将输注装置64的管66的一部分的路线布置在门54和壳体52之间而将输注装置64附接到泵50。优选地，输注装置64包括：滴注腔68，该滴注腔68直接地连接到流体容器(未示出)诸如静脉输液袋；滑动夹70，该滑动夹70用于夹紧管66的一部分并且控制流体通过管的流动；滚子夹72，该滚子夹72也用于控制流体的流动；Y-位连接器74；以及鲁尔锁紧接头(luerlock)或鲁尔接头(luerslip)76，该鲁尔锁紧接头或鲁尔接头76在输注装置64的端部处，其中鲁尔锁紧接头连接到插入患者体内的针，以将流体输送到患者。输注装置管66的一部分，并且更具体地，管66的在滑动夹70和滚子夹72之间的部分被插入通道78中，通道78由壳体52限定并且位于泵送机构62。如下所述，泵送机构62包括一系列往复的泵送指部80，该往复的泵送指部80接触管66以控制被输送到患者的流体的量。
在将流体输注至患者的过程中，关键是防止流体至患者的自由流动。当允许流体不受限制地流动至患者时发生自由流动，导致太多的流体被供给到患者(即，过输液)。为了帮助防止流体通过输注装置64的自由流动，滑动夹70附接到输注装置的管66。如图4所示，滑动夹70包括本体82，该本体82具有带有宽部86和窄部88的中心开口84。管66被移动到滑动夹开口84的窄部88中以夹紧或夹压管并且防止流体通过管的自由流动。当输注装置64插入或用其它方法附接到输液泵50以将流体输送到患者时，这是特别关键的。
现在参考图5，由输液泵50的安装引起的另一个问题是反向加载(reverseloading)状况，在该状况中输注装置64连接到输液泵使得流体流动在与期望的流体流动方向(即，从流体容器至患者)反向的或相反的方向上进行。在反向加载的情况下，流体从患者流动至流体容器，由此造成对患者的健康风险。为了克服反向加载，本输液泵50的实施例包括与泵送机构62关联的闭塞传感器或压力传感器90以及与泵送指部80中的泵送指部80c关联的阀92。
在示出的实施例中，输注装置连接到输液泵50使得在滚子夹72关闭的同时滑动夹70打开。管误加载传感器80b执行初始检查以检测和确定输注装置的管66是否误加载在如上所述的泵送机构上。如果管66正确地加载，指定的流量，优选地高流量诸如999毫升每小时(mL/hr)被编程到输液泵50的处理器60中以允许在泵送机构62中快速压力增加以最小化传感器检测时间。而且，阀92闭塞或阻塞流体通过与泵送指部80c邻近的管66的流动。接着，处理器60将信号发送到泵送指部80以快速地运行通过从泵送指部80a到泵送指部80c的泵送序列。当存在输注装置64到输液泵50的正常加载时，闭塞传感器90检测在泵送指部80c处的下游闭塞。可替换地，如果存在输注装置64的反向加载，即滚子夹72连结到泵送机构62的顶侧(在泵送指部80a之前连接到管)，则闭塞传感器90检测由于滚子夹72造成的上游闭塞。因为与输注装置64的正常加载和反向加载有关的信号是不同的，所以闭塞传感器90能够检测何时输注装置64被反向加载。在初始加载检查之后，如果输注装置64被正确地或正常地加载，则马达96进行短的反向运行，即泵送指部序列从泵送指部80c到泵送指部80a，以避免对患者的推注。然后按压在输液泵50的小键盘58上的开始键，这引起与泵送指部80c关联的阀92不闭塞输注装置64的管66并且允许正常的输液或流体的流动。如果由闭塞传感器90检测到输注装置64到输液泵50的反向加载，则闭塞传感器将信号发送到处理器60，这又触发报警器61(图1)诸如音频指示器、视觉指示器、触觉指示器或这些指示器或提示的任何组合，以向用户报警输注装置被反向加载。应当理解的是，任何合适的报警器或指示器可以用于向用户报警。当由闭塞传感器90检测到反向加载时，处理器60也可防止输液泵50的操作。例如，处理器60可以解除激活或关停泵送机构马达96(图2)。
在另一个实施例中，输注装置64被加载或连接到输液泵50，其中滑动夹70和滚子夹72两者都打开或处于打开位置。类似于以上实施例，管误加载传感器80b确定输注装置64的管66是否已经误加载在泵送机构62上。如果管66被正确地加载，则指定的流量并且优选地高流量诸如999毫升每小时(mL/hr)的流量被设定或编程到处理器60中以允许在泵送机构62中快速压力增大以最小化传感器检测时间。泵送机构62然后进行短的反向运行，其中泵送指部序列从泵送指部80c到泵送指部80a并且被保持短的时间段进而被释放。如上所述，存在两种可能的加载状况，正常加载和反向加载。在正常加载的情况下，用流体再填充位于泵送指部80a和泵送指部80c之间的输注装置管66。在反向加载的情况下，不用流体再填充在泵送指部80a和泵送指部80c之间的管66。在这方面，误加载传感器80b能够检测力或压力。因此，因为与正常加载和误加载有关的信号是不同的，所以传感器80b也能够检测何时输注装置64被正常加载或反向加载，并且如果检测到反向加载则触发报警器或如上所述的其它合适的指示器。应当理解的是，误加载传感器80b优选地是高度地压力敏感的传感器，以检测在输注装置64的正常加载和误加载之间的力/压力差。
本输液泵50包括误加载保护特征，其帮助防止输注装置到泵的自由反向加载。本输液泵的保护特征使用户能够在最小化人为错误的同时正确地安装输液泵并且将流体输送到患者。
尽管结合具体的设备和应用在上面描述了本输液泵的原理，但是应当理解的是，仅经由示例进行该描述并且该描述不作为对以下随附的权利要求的范围的限制。

Claims (6)

1.输液泵(50)，所述输液泵(50)用于将流体传输通过输注装置(64)的管(66)，所述输注装置(64)的管(66)被连接到所述泵，所述泵包括：
壳体(52)；以及
泵送机构(62)，所述泵送机构(62)被安装到所述壳体，所述泵送机构包括：多个泵送指部(80)；马达(96)，所述马达(96)用于序列地往复地移动所述多个泵送指部；以及闭塞传感器(90)，所述闭塞传感器(90)被构造成检测所述管到所述泵送机构的反向加载，
其中，当所述传感器没有检测到被安装在所述泵送机构上的所述管时，所述闭塞传感器致使触发报警器(61)和防止所述泵送机构(62)的操作中的至少一个。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泵，进一步包括误加载传感器(80b)，所述误加载传感器(80b)被构造成当所述管(66)被正确地加载在所述泵送机构上时检测所述管。
3.根据权利要求2所述的泵，进一步包括阀(92)，所述阀(92)与所述泵送指部(80)中的一个泵送指部关联，并且被构造用于闭塞所述管。
4.根据权利要求1所述的泵，进一步包括阀(92)，所述阀(92)与位于所述泵送机构的端部处的所述泵送指部关联，并且被构造用于闭塞所述管。
5.根据权利要求1所述的泵，其中，所述报警器(61)包括音频指示器、视觉指示器或触觉指示器中的一个。
6.根据权利要求1所述的泵，进一步包括输入装置，其中当所述闭塞传感器(90)检测到所述管(66)在所述泵送机构(62)上的正常加载时，初始化所述泵送机构的操作。
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WO2015013009A1 (en) 2015-01-29
US10132302B2 (en) 2018-11-20
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