CN105388747A - Digital integration CPT atomic clock control system - Google Patents
Digital integration CPT atomic clock control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105388747A CN105388747A CN201510885289.4A CN201510885289A CN105388747A CN 105388747 A CN105388747 A CN 105388747A CN 201510885289 A CN201510885289 A CN 201510885289A CN 105388747 A CN105388747 A CN 105388747A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital integration CPT atomic clock control system which comprises a microcontroller, a multipath D/A converter, a temperature-compensation crystal oscillator, a frequency multiplier circuit, a summator, a voltage-controlled current source, a Bias-T, a photoelectric switching circuit, a high-Q-value filter and a phase sensitive detection circuit. The whole circuit system is controlled by the microcontroller to work, the circuit structure is simple, and debugging is convenient; the circuit system adopts the only one phase sensitive detection circuit, the phase sensitive detection circuit is a composite circuit when an atomic clock is locked, laser frequency and microwave frequency can be locked through software setting, and the size and power consumption of the circuit are lowered; the high-Q-value filter is added between the photoelectric switching circuit and the phase sensitive detection circuit, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the circuit is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atomic clock technical field, particularly relate to a kind of CPT atomic clock control system of digital integral.
Background technology
Imprison the atomic clock of (CoherentPopulationTrapping is called for short CPT) phenomenon owing to not needing microwave cavity based on Coherent Population Trapping, can realize low-power consumption and microminiaturization even chip design, be the development trend of current atom clock technical field.Compared with conventional atom clock, CPT atomic clock have volume little, low in energy consumption, start the features such as fast, not only the fields such as business communication network can be applied to, obtain highly reliable Time Synchronization Network, also can be applicable to moonlet/microsatellite platform, form the frequency temporal frequency source of clock unit and useful load, the ability such as improve the time synchronized of satellite, time difference/frequency difference is measured, finds range, tests the speed and communicated.
CPT atomic clock comprises physical piece and electronic system, wherein physical piece adopts MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (Micro-Electro-MechanicalSystem, being called for short MEMS) process technology can realize the volume only encapsulation of several cubic centimetres even less, and the electronic system of low-power consumption, small size, low noise realizes the low-power consumption of high-performance CPT atomic clock and miniaturized design needs one of subject matter solved.At present conventional CPT atomic clock electronic system is mostly the Digital Analog Hybrid Circuits adopting microcontroller or FPGA as control module; control module utilization factor is lower; employing two-way independently phase-sensitive detection circuit realizes the locking of microwave frequency and laser frequency respectively, adds volume and the power consumption of circuit.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, for overcoming the weak point of existing CPT atomic clock electronic system, the invention provides a kind of CPT atomic clock control system of digital integral, reducing Circuits System size, power consumption, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of circuit.
A CPT atomic clock control system for digital integral, comprises microcontroller (1), multi-channel d/a converter (2), temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), frequency multiplier circuit (4), totalizer (5), voltage-controlled current source (6), Bias-T (7), photoelectric switching circuit (8), high q-factor wave filter (9) and phase-sensitive detection circuit (10);
Described microcontroller (1) is for controlling the output frequency of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3);
Control the Clock Multiplier Factor of frequency multiplier circuit (4) and export microwave power;
The channel central frequency controlling high q-factor wave filter (9) switches between Laser Modulation frequency and microwave modulating frequency;
Export with reference to square wave to phase-sensitive detection circuit (10): when the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to laser modulation frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with Laser Modulation frequency to export; When the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to microwave modulating frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with microwave modulating frequency to export;
High q-factor wave filter (9) is from photoelectric switching circuit (8) receiver voltage modulation signal, and according to the current channel central frequency be switched, filtering noise reduction is carried out to described voltage modulation signal, and send into phase-sensitive detection circuit (10);
Described phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) converts modulation signal detection to direct current signal, as locking signal according to described with reference to square wave;
When described microcontroller (1) receives from phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) locking signal corresponding to laser signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the DC bias signal reduction that multi-channel d/a converter exports; Otherwise, increase DC bias signal; When receiving the locking signal corresponding to microwave signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal being sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the frequency reduction that temperature compensating crystal oscillator exports; Otherwise, increase temperature compensating crystal oscillator output frequency; Meanwhile, control multi-channel d/a converter and export the low frequency amplitude-modulated signal consistent with Laser Modulation frequency;
Described frequency multiplier circuit (4) according to described Clock Multiplier Factor, export microwave power and the output frequency that receives from temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), export corresponding microwave signal;
The direct current biasing control signal that multi-channel d/a converter (2) exports by totalizer (5) is added with described low frequency amplitude-modulated signal, delivers to voltage-controlled current source (6); The signal of reception is converted to current signal by described voltage-controlled current source (6);
The direct current signal of microwave signal, laser bias direct current signal and low frequency amplitude-modulated signal is added by described Bias-T (7), exports laser instrument to;
Described laser instrument produces the laser signal modulated by microwave signal;
Laser signal is converted to the voltage modulation signal with laser low frequency modulation signal and microwave low-frequency modulation signal by described photoelectric switching circuit (8).
Further, also comprise temperature control circuit (11), the signal for controlling laser. operating temperature and atomic air chamber working temperature sent via multi-channel d/a converter reception microcontroller (1).
Preferably, described microcontroller (1), according to the laser frequency correction of setting and the microwave frequency correction time interval, alternately switches two kinds of channel central frequencies of high q-factor wave filter (9).
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) whole Circuits System works under the control of the micro-controller, and circuit structure is simple, and debugging is convenient.
(2) Circuits System shares a phase-sensitive detection circuit, and during atomic clock locking, phase-sensitive detection circuit is multiplex circuit, can be realized the locking of laser frequency and microwave frequency, reduce volume and the power consumption of circuit by software design patterns.
(3) between photoelectric switching circuit and phase-sensitive detection circuit, add high q-factor wave filter, significantly improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the CPT atomic clock control system of digital integral of the present invention.
In figure: 1-microcontroller, 2-multi-channel d/a converter, 3-temperature compensating crystal oscillator, 4-frequency multiplier circuit, 5-totalizer, 6-voltage-controlled current source, 7-Bias-T, 8-photoelectric switching circuit, 9-high q-factor wave filter, 10-phase-sensitive detection circuit, 11-temperature-adjusting circuit, 12-laser instrument physical piece.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, for the CPT atomic clock Control system architecture figure of digital integral of the present invention, it is made up of microcontroller (1), multi-channel d/a converter (2), temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), frequency multiplier circuit (4), totalizer (5), voltage-controlled current source (6), Bias-T (7), photoelectric switching circuit (8), high q-factor wave filter (9) phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) and temperature-adjusting circuit (11).
The built-in D/A converter of microcontroller (1) is connected with the voltage-controlled end of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), for controlling the output frequency of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3).Wherein, the size of output frequency is relevant with receiving the d. c. voltage signal size corresponding to microwave signal obtained from phase-sensitive detection circuit (10): when this Signal aspects frequency is bigger than normal, control the frequency reduction that temperature compensating crystal oscillator exports, otherwise, increase output frequency.Microcontroller 1 is also connected with the control pin of attenuator chip with the frequency multiplication of phase locked loop chip controls pin in frequency multiplier circuit (4), controls the Clock Multiplier Factor of frequency multiplier circuit (4) and exports microwave power; Microcontroller 1 also controls pin with the switch chip of high q-factor wave filter (9) and is connected, and the channel central frequency controlling high q-factor wave filter (9) switches between Laser Modulation frequency and microwave modulating frequency; Microcontroller 1 is also connected with the reference square wave input end of phase-sensitive detection circuit (10), control with reference to square wave frequency, switched laser Frequency Locking function and microwave frequency lock function: when the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to laser modulation frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with Laser Modulation frequency to export; When the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to microwave modulating frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with microwave modulating frequency to export.
The output terminal of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3) is connected with the frequency multiplication of phase locked loop chip signal input end of frequency multiplier circuit (4), for frequency multiplier circuit 4 provides 10MHz signal.When described microcontroller (1) receives from phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) locking signal corresponding to laser signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the DC bias signal reduction that multi-channel d/a converter exports; Otherwise, increase DC bias signal; This setting value sets according to the optical maser wavelength of desired output, and object enables the output wavelength of laser instrument remain stable.When receiving the locking signal corresponding to microwave signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal being sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the frequency reduction that temperature compensating crystal oscillator exports; Otherwise, increase temperature compensating crystal oscillator output frequency.This setting value sets according to the microwave signal frequency of desired output, and object enables the microwave signal output frequency of laser instrument remain stable.
Two output terminals of multi-channel d/a converter are connected with two input ends of totalizer (5), the direct current biasing control signal of laser instrument are added with low frequency amplitude-modulated signal; Two output terminals are connected with temperature-adjusting circuit (11), control laser. operating temperature and atomic air chamber working temperature respectively.The output terminal of totalizer (5) is connected with the control end of voltage-controlled current source (6), controls the output current of current source (6).The output terminal of frequency multiplier circuit (4), the output terminal of voltage-controlled current source (6) are connected with the input end of Bias-T (7) respectively, and microwave signal is added with laser bias direct current and low frequency amplitude-modulated signal by Bias-T (7).The output terminal of Bias-T (7) is connected with laser instrument (12) direct-flow input end, control Laser output modulated by microwave signal after laser signal.Laser signal is converted to the voltage modulation signal with laser low frequency modulation signal and microwave low-frequency modulation signal by photoelectric switching circuit (8).
The output terminal of photoelectric switching circuit (8) is connected with the input end of high q-factor wave filter (9), carries out filtering noise reduction to signal.The input end of phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) connects the output terminal of high q-factor wave filter (9), converts modulation signal detection to direct current according to reference to square wave.The built-in A/D converter input end of microcontroller (1) is connected with the output terminal of phase-sensitive detection circuit (10), carrying out sampling calculating, realizing the timesharing Frequency Locking of microwave signal and laser signal by detecting the direct current signal obtained.
The step that after control system powers on and runs, program performs is as follows:
A. system initialization;
B., the control voltage of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3) is set, the Clock Multiplier Factor of phase-locked loop chip and the attenuation coefficient of attenuator chip in frequency multiplier circuit (4) are set, the temperature control voltage of temperature-adjusting circuit (11) is set, bias direct current voltage and the low frequency amplitude adjustment control voltage of laser instrument are set.
C. the switch controlling high q-factor wave filter (9) makes passband central frequency corresponding with laser instrument low frequency amplitude-modulated signal frequency, the reference square-wave signal of control inputs phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) is identical with laser instrument low frequency amplitude-modulated signal frequency simultaneously, open laser frequency lock function, according to the DC offset voltage of output signal sampling result of calculation adjustment totalizer (5) of phase-sensitive detection circuit (10), realize laser frequency lock.
D. the switch controlling high q-factor wave filter (9) makes passband central frequency corresponding with microwave frequency modulating signal, the reference square-wave signal of control inputs phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) is identical with microwave frequency modulating signal simultaneously, open microwave frequency lock function, according to the control voltage of output signal sampling result of calculation temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3) of phase-sensitive detection circuit (10), realize microwave frequency locking.
E., the time interval of laser frequency correction and microwave frequency correction is set, repeats step (3) and (4) according to this time interval timing, realize the steady lock of atomic clock.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the CPT atomic clock control system of a digital integral, it is characterized in that, comprise microcontroller (1), multi-channel d/a converter (2), temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), frequency multiplier circuit (4), totalizer (5), voltage-controlled current source (6), Bias-T (7), photoelectric switching circuit (8), high q-factor wave filter (9) and phase-sensitive detection circuit (10);
Described microcontroller (1) is for controlling the output frequency of temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3);
Control the Clock Multiplier Factor of frequency multiplier circuit (4) and export microwave power;
The channel central frequency controlling high q-factor wave filter (9) switches between Laser Modulation frequency and microwave modulating frequency;
Export with reference to square wave to phase-sensitive detection circuit (10): when the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to laser modulation frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with Laser Modulation frequency to export; When the channel central frequency of high q-factor wave filter (9) is switched to microwave modulating frequency, the frequency adjustment with reference to square wave becomes backward phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) consistent with microwave modulating frequency to export;
High q-factor wave filter (9) is from photoelectric switching circuit (8) receiver voltage modulation signal, and according to the current channel central frequency be switched, filtering noise reduction is carried out to described voltage modulation signal, and send into phase-sensitive detection circuit (10);
Described phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) converts modulation signal detection to direct current signal, as locking signal according to described with reference to square wave;
When described microcontroller (1) receives from phase-sensitive detection circuit (10) locking signal corresponding to laser signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the DC bias signal reduction that multi-channel d/a converter exports; Otherwise, increase DC bias signal; When receiving the locking signal corresponding to microwave signal obtained, this d. c. voltage signal being sampled and judges: when this d. c. voltage signal is greater than setting value, controlling the frequency reduction that temperature compensating crystal oscillator exports; Otherwise, increase temperature compensating crystal oscillator output frequency; Meanwhile, control multi-channel d/a converter and export the low frequency amplitude-modulated signal consistent with Laser Modulation frequency;
Described frequency multiplier circuit (4) according to described Clock Multiplier Factor, export microwave power and the output frequency that receives from temperature compensating crystal oscillator (3), export corresponding microwave signal;
The direct current biasing control signal that multi-channel d/a converter (2) exports by totalizer (5) is added with described low frequency amplitude-modulated signal, delivers to voltage-controlled current source (6); The signal of reception is converted to current signal by described voltage-controlled current source (6);
The direct current signal of microwave signal, laser bias direct current signal and low frequency amplitude-modulated signal is added by described Bias-T (7), exports laser instrument to;
Described laser instrument produces the laser signal modulated by microwave signal;
Laser signal is converted to the voltage modulation signal with laser low frequency modulation signal and microwave low-frequency modulation signal by described photoelectric switching circuit (8).
2. the CPT atomic clock control system of a kind of digital integral as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise temperature control circuit (11), the signal for controlling laser. operating temperature and atomic air chamber working temperature sent via multi-channel d/a converter reception microcontroller (1).
3. the CPT atomic clock control system of a kind of digital integral as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microcontroller (1), according to the laser frequency correction of setting and the microwave frequency correction time interval, alternately switches two kinds of channel central frequencies of high q-factor wave filter (9).
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| CN201510885289.4A CN105388747B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of CPT atomic clock control systems of digital integral |
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| CN201510885289.4A CN105388747B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of CPT atomic clock control systems of digital integral |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107014555A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-04 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of measurement apparatus of atomic air chamber internal damping gas pressure intensity |
| CN108199712A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-22 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of CPT atomic frequencies tame control circuit |
| CN109598916A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-09 | 国网河南省电力公司济源供电公司 | A kind of universal method and system of the remote control operation of distribution on-pole switch |
| CN117914308A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 成都中微达信科技有限公司 | Molecular clock device, molecular clock frequency control method and electronic equipment |
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| EP0414194A2 (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1991-02-27 | Anritsu Corporation | Laser pumped atomic frequency standard with high frequency stability |
| CN101931405A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2010-12-29 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Coherent demodulation device for CPT atomic clock |
| CN102075187A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-05-25 | 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 | Cpt atomic clock servo circuit |
| CN103684450A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 北京大学 | Method for outputting standard frequency of coherent population beat-frequency atomic clock |
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2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510885289.4A patent/CN105388747B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0414194A2 (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1991-02-27 | Anritsu Corporation | Laser pumped atomic frequency standard with high frequency stability |
| CN101931405A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2010-12-29 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Coherent demodulation device for CPT atomic clock |
| CN102075187A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-05-25 | 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 | Cpt atomic clock servo circuit |
| CN103684450A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 北京大学 | Method for outputting standard frequency of coherent population beat-frequency atomic clock |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107014555A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-04 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of measurement apparatus of atomic air chamber internal damping gas pressure intensity |
| CN108199712A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-22 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of CPT atomic frequencies tame control circuit |
| CN109598916A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-09 | 国网河南省电力公司济源供电公司 | A kind of universal method and system of the remote control operation of distribution on-pole switch |
| CN117914308A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 成都中微达信科技有限公司 | Molecular clock device, molecular clock frequency control method and electronic equipment |
| CN117914308B (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-05-31 | 成都中微达信科技有限公司 | Molecular clock device, molecular clock frequency control method and electronic equipment |
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