CN105387828A - High-precision bell-type gas flow standard device inner order volume measurement device - Google Patents
High-precision bell-type gas flow standard device inner order volume measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105387828A CN105387828A CN201510726312.5A CN201510726312A CN105387828A CN 105387828 A CN105387828 A CN 105387828A CN 201510726312 A CN201510726312 A CN 201510726312A CN 105387828 A CN105387828 A CN 105387828A
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- cover body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-precision bell-type gas flow standard device inner order volume measurement device, which comprises a support. The support is fixedly provided with a vertical movement mechanism capable of moving vertically; the upper part of the vertical movement mechanism is provided with a rotation mechanism; the rotation mechanism provides a driving force by a rotation servo motor; a rotation measurement arm is driven to rotate; two ends of the rotation measurement arm are respectively provided with a pneumatic contact-type length gauge; the measurement head of each length gauge ejects to contact the inner wall of the bell body, the chord length of the bell body section is thus measured, the rotation measurement arm rotates for an X angle, the measurement head of the contact-type length gauge ejects again to contact the inner wall of the bell body, the other chord length of the bell body section is measured, and 360/X chord lengths are measured until one-circle rotation; a control system thus calculates a bell body section area; and the vertical movement mechanism vertically moves for a set distance, and according to different bell body section areas and the vertical movement mechanism movement distances, the order volume of the bell-type gas flow standard device in an effective measurement section can be calculated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device detecting bell-jar gas flow standard equipment volume precision, particularly relate to a kind of pick-up unit high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment being carried out to sublevel volume, belong to bell jar volume accuracy detection technical field.
Background technology
Bell-jar gas flow standard equipment is the major equipment of marked gas flowmeter, is also the disjunction mark standard apparatus of gas flow in low pressure range, by the primary standard of measurement technology mechanism of various countries as flow metering.As the primary standard be achieved according to flow basic definition, can value accurately be traceable to the fundamental quantity such as length, time, and can key depends on measure bell jar volume exactly.Due to the gas of bell jar from top to bottom discharge section volume step by step, the key of thus examining and determine bell jar volume carries out sublevel volumetric measurement to its effective metering section.
Existing measuring method mainly contains volumetric method and dimensional metrology.Volumetric method is by measuring the volume of bell jar inside with the method for replacing of gas draining, because water constantly evaporates, be difficult to control water temperature and reach consistent with temperature, thus this method is difficult to obtain desirable result.For the bell jar of more than 500L, dimensional metrology is directly accurate, by many measurement technology mechanisms are recommended in the world.
China National Measuring Science Research Inst. 2006 development in the end of the year completes the 1000L bell-jar gas flow standard equipment that uncertainty is less than 0.1%.Wang Chi etc. apply π chi method, laser tracing and outside micrometer method, measure respectively to the external diameter on bell jar different cross section.These three kinds of methods of Cui Li water analysis produce the reason of differences, use the method for ultrasonic thickness measurement and substitution method to test, and on this basis, use length measuring instrument directly to measure the internal capacity of cover body.
Because the accuracy of form and position of cover body itself is high, the internal capacity direct correlation of bell jar Exhaust Gas volume and cover body, thus the outside diameter measuring method such as π chi method, laser tracing and outside micrometer method belongs to indirect inspection, in conjunction with wall thickness measuring, thus must can introduce larger uncertainty of measurement (about 0.02%); Consider the work characteristics of bell-jar gas flow standard equipment, what need acquisition is the cover body normal air volume that position is discharged through any whole story, limit by axial and radial dimension, general length measuring instrument is difficult to record sublevel volume by the working method of cover body, and the cross section of bell jar can not be a proper circle, introduce uncertainty of measurement with circle for the computing method in face; Even if the circularity in cross section is fine, the rotary main shaft of length-measuring appliance also cannot be placed in cover body center exactly.
To sum up, it is comparatively large that existing dimensional metrology measures difficulty, and uncertainty of measurement is higher, how to provide a kind of measure the inner sublevel volume of bell-jar gas flow standard equipment high precision measuring instrument and measuring method be the technical barrier of this area.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are: prior art adopts the difficulty of the internal capacity of dimensional metrology measurement bell-jar gas flow standard equipment larger, uncertainty of measurement is higher, how to provide a kind of measure the inner sublevel volume of bell-jar gas flow standard high precision measuring instrument and measuring method be the technical barrier of this area.
The present invention takes following technical scheme:
The measurement mechanism of the inner sublevel volume of a kind of high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment, comprise support 2, described support 2 is fixedly installed the longitudinal moving mechanism that can carry out moving up and down, described longitudinal moving mechanism top is provided with rotating mechanism, described rotating mechanism provides driving force by rotating servo motor 8, driven rotary gage beam 4 rotates, and wheel measuring arm 4 two ends are respectively equipped with a Pneumatic contact type length gauge 5; Bell jar cover body fixed cover to be measured is located at the outside of described measurement mechanism, makes the height in contact length gauge 5 and cover body region to be measured corresponding; The gauge head that pressurized air promotes contact length gauge 5 ejects, contact cover body inwall, measure the chord length in cover body cross section, rotating servo motor 8 rotates X angle, the gauge head of contact length gauge 5 ejects again, and contact cover body inwall, measures another chord length in cover body cross section, until rotate one week, measure 360/X chord length; Control system calculates cover body area of section accordingly; Longitudinal moving mechanism is the mobile distance set vertically, and again measure 360/X the chord length in another cover body cross section, control system calculates this area of section accordingly; Control system, according to the displacement of different cover body area of section and longitudinal moving mechanism, calculates the sublevel volume of the effective metering section of bell-jar gas flow standard equipment.
The present invention forms chord length measuring mechanism by contact length gauge (accuracy ± 1 μm) and wheel measuring arm, and utilize relative measurement method and demarcate through initialization, linear measure longimetry scope is widened about 1m, and length value is traceable to national length standard; Without the need to determining the accurate location of gage beam rotation center and length gauge, the volume coordinate of length gauge and cover body contact point can be obtained, thus determine the profile of each layer cross section; Application new algorithm (area scanning method, and some advantage combining deviation from circular from method) computing nodes area, grating scale and linear encoder measure the spacing in each cover body cross section; Final formation sublevel volume data table.Bell-jar gas flow standard equipment according to this table interpolation, tries to achieve the bell jar air body accumulated amount that position is discharged through any whole story of decline in real work.
Further, described longitudinal moving mechanism comprises ball-screw 3, linear servo-actuator 1, guide rod 7, and linear servo-actuator 1 drives ball-screw 3 to rotate, and ball-screw 3 drives guide rod 7 vertically movement, and then driven rotary gage beam 4 vertically movement.
Further, also comprise rotating servo control system, control pivot arm and rotate by given angle.
Further, also comprise stepping servo control system, control ball-screw 3 axially equidistant stepping.
Further, also comprise grating scale and linear encoder, accurately measure the axial spacing in each cross section of cover body.
Further, the supporting seat 9 for fixing bell jar cover body is also comprised.
Further, also comprise level(l)ing mechanism, described level(l)ing mechanism is positioned at supporting seat 9 top, is equipped with X-Y to level(l)ing device, and in conjunction with the adjusting mechanism of boom hoisting, cover body is laid level, makes it to be in vertical state all the time by covering on top.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) measuring accuracy improves greatly, and bell jar uncertainty of measurement can reach less than 0.06%.
2) measure, easy to use.
3) by indirect method, in conjunction with existing mathematical tool, solve actual technical barrier, design ingenious.
4) automatic acquisition measurement data, automaticity is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the measurement mechanism of the inner sublevel volume of high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the contour structures schematic diagram of the measurement mechanism of the inner sublevel volume of high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the measuring device part structural representation of the inner sublevel volume of high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that longitudinal moving mechanism vertically moves.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that rotating mechanism rotates.
Fig. 8 is control system hardware block diagram.
Fig. 9 measures chord length schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is the point coordinate schematic diagram in a certain cross section.
Figure 11 is the measurement result of each area of section.
In figure, 1. linear servo-actuator, 2. support, 3. ball-screw, 4. wheel measuring arm, 5. Pneumatic contact type length gauge, 6. cylinder, 7. guide rod, 8. rotating servo motor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
See Fig. 1-Fig. 7, measurement mechanism basic functional principle: cover body is divided into some cross-sectional layers vertically, measures area of section and each cross section spacing respectively, forms some volume elements, arranges after calculating and forms a sublevel volume data table.Because cover body cross section is not a proper circle, the rotary main shaft of measuring piece is difficult to be placed in cover body center exactly, so by measuring chord length, and bonded area scanning method and deviation from circular from method computing nodes area.
Measurement mechanism mainly comprises following eight parts:
Contact length gauge 5: major length surveying instrument; Wheel measuring arm 4: as the supporting body of contact length gauge; Rotating servo control system: control pivot arm and rotate by given angle; Stepping servo control system: control ball-screw axially equidistant stepping; Ball-screw 3: the driving mechanism of axial stepping; Grating scale and linear encoder: the axial spacing accurately measuring each cross section of cover body; Support 2 and supporting seat 9: load carrier; Balance and level(l)ing mechanism.
Wheel measuring arm 4 and two contact length gauges 5 form chord length measuring mechanism, are placed on rotating disk, drive oscilaltion by ball-screw 3.As shown in Figure 3, two cover servo drive systems are adopted to realize respectively: (1) gage beam angularly rotates to obtain the multiple spot chord length in cross section, (2) the successively equidistant rising of gage beam, with grating scale and linear encoder (precision ± 10 μm, read head resolution is 1 μm, and range is 1600mm) measure the spacing in each cross section.
The hardware of control system comprises host computer, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), servo-driver, servomotor, A/D module, grating scale, PLC pulse converter, actuating equipment, human-computer interaction device etc., power-supply device and other anti-tampering xegregating units.Major Systems hardware composition as shown in Figure 8.Upper and lower computer carries out communication by RS485 serial ports.During Hardware Design, using PLC directly controls servomotor technology, completes the control moving axially along cover body gage beam and rotate.Servo control system is made up of PLC, motor servo driver, servomotor, scrambler etc.Instructions such as only need sending operation by host computer, stop, returning, gets final product the motion of control survey arm.
Host computer adopts C# high level language control program, PLC programming uses the special STEP7-MicroWIN programming of S7-200, and communication adopts Siemens PCAccess as OPC communication server between PLC, host computer procedure by real time access server, passes through the indirect control PLC of the S7-200 special PPI agreement of series as OPC client then.
The initialization of chord length measuring mechanism is demarcated: utilize standard calliper to carry out initialization demarcation to chord length measuring mechanism, as shown in Figure 9, the result of demarcation is that two length gauges are at initial stroke l
0, white, l
0, blackunder, the rotation center distance length gauge of gage beam initially stretches to put and is respectively L
1and L
2.In measurement mechanism real work, what record is that length gauge is based on initial stroke (l
0, whiteand l
0, black) relative telescopic amount Δ l
i, whitewith Δ l
i, black, so L
1+ Δ l
i, whiteand L
2+ Δ l
i, blackgauge head and the cover body contact point distance to rotation center respectively, i.e. so-called half chord length.The coordinate of each cover body contact point in plane (taking rotation center as initial point) can be determined, as shown in Figure 10 according to anglec of rotation θ.
Computing nodes area, measures axial cross section spacing, a final formation sublevel volume data table.
During concrete enforcement:
1, first, be fixed on boom hoisting by bell jar cover body by the steel construction arm of covering on top, two ends are fixed on the straight optical axis of two φ 40, make whole cover body can vertically movement up and down;
2, lift by crane bell body, after predetermined altitude to be achieved (>1.2m), measurement mechanism can be placed in as far as possible the center of cover body, and fixed position.The level of bell jar cover body is regulated as shown in Figure 2 after cover body is stablized;
3, be equipped with X-Y to level(l)ing device by covering on top, and in conjunction with the adjusting mechanism of boom hoisting, cover body laid level, makes it to be in vertical state all the time.
4, attempt lifting and measure cantilever, and rotation can not touch cover body to guarantee measurement mechanism to be placed in the center of cover body, and height stroke >1.2m;
5, the cross section of a cover body inside is selected arbitrarily, attempt the chord length measuring this place, then measurement mechanism is kept same rectilinear direction fine motion distance, reattempt the chord length measuring this place, repeatedly, each fine motion all wants holding device to be move forward and backward in same rectilinear direction, until find that position that chord length value is the longest, this position can be similar to the diametrical position thinking cover body cross section;
6, gage beam oscilaltion, and rotating operation, observe the inwall that cover body do not touched by two length gauges, if there is touching, illustrates that the rotation center of gage beam departs from cover body center comparatively far, repeatedly adjust, until step 5 and 6 meets the demands.
7, opening control power supply, logs in software systems after system normal initialization, " confirm and enter ".
8, connect S7-200OPC server, confirm that motor, grating scale, length gauge are opened, and normal response.
9, click " acquisition length gauge " and send contact order, the setting anglec of rotation, number of revolutions, climb, motor rise times, then click " parameter monitoring ", observe various functions and whether work well.Whether the lifting of gage beam is steady, and whether length gauge can touch the inwall of cover body.
10, parameters comprises: standard length, and length gauge resets.The anglec of rotation, number of revolutions, climb and rise times, reset length gauge.
11, determine also token-based locating tab assembly face, arrange the interference of wire and eliminating apparatus, click " starting measurement ", device starts to measure from bottom to top.
12, rotating servo motor SM1 suspends after often rotating certain predetermined angle, the scalable gauge head A of length gauge, and B is ejected by pressurized air, respectively with the contact internal walls of cover body, what record is the relative telescopic amount that length gauge initially stretches based on it, release air pressure, and scalable gauge head is retracted; Rotating servo motor SM1 rotates equal angular again, repeats above-mentioned measuring process, until complete number of revolutions (360/ presets rotation angle);
13, linear servo-actuator SM2 rises a segment distance (preset 5mm), climb is read by the grating scale rigidly connected with rising part support and linear encoder, and sends to PLC after signal conversion, is then recorded by PC and preserves, after rising, repeat step 12;
14, according to climb and the rise times of setting, repeat step 12 and 13 and complete one-shot measurement process.
15, can click " parameter monitoring " during measuring, the situation of data acquisition in Real Time Observation measuring process.
16, " stop measuring " button and stop measuring process, after adjustment parameters, can continue to measure.
17, after stopping measurement, " can write " necessary parameter and timestamp, measurement data is saved in SQL database by " preservation " button;
18, SQL data can derive measurement raw data, comprise two length gauges respectively based on initial stroke l
0, whiteand l
0, blackrelative telescopic amount Δ l
i, whitewith Δ l
i, black, the step distance etc. of the anglec of rotation, grating scale and linear encoder record.Form data file and treat post-processed.
19, after clicking " stopping measuring " button, exit software systems, stop after action until system, shutdown system power supply.
20, promote cover body, withdraw from measurement mechanism, terminate this and measure.
Data processing and generation result:
1, according to the datum length that initialization is demarcated, two and half chord lengths that two length gauges and cover body contact point are formed are obtained, by the anglec of rotation, the contact point coordinate (Figure 10) that to calculate with gage beam rotation center be initial point;
2, the area that new algorithm (area scanning method, and some advantage combining deviation from circular from method) calculates any layer cross section is applied;
3, according to the step height of 5mm, calculate sublevel volume, form sublevel volume data table
Sublevel volume data table
4, by each for cover body area of section and be depicted as scatter diagram with the change of axial height, as shown in figure 11.
Claims (7)
1. the measurement mechanism of sublevel volume in high precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment, is characterized in that:
Comprise support (2), described support (2) is fixedly installed the longitudinal moving mechanism that can carry out moving up and down, described longitudinal moving mechanism top is provided with rotating mechanism, described rotating mechanism provides driving force by rotating servo motor (8), driven rotary gage beam (4) rotates, and wheel measuring arm (4) two ends are respectively equipped with a Pneumatic contact type length gauge (5);
Bell jar cover body fixed cover to be measured is located at the outside of described measurement mechanism, makes contact length gauge (5) corresponding with the height in cover body region to be measured;
The gauge head that pressurized air promotes contact length gauge (5) ejects, contact cover body inwall, measure the chord length in cover body cross section, rotating servo motor (8) rotates X angle, the gauge head of contact length gauge (5) ejects again, and contact cover body inwall, measures another chord length in cover body cross section, until rotate one week, measure 360/X chord length; Control system calculates cover body area of section accordingly; Longitudinal moving mechanism is the mobile distance set vertically, and again measure 360/X the chord length in another cover body cross section, control system calculates this area of section accordingly; Control system, according to the displacement of different cover body area of section and longitudinal moving mechanism, calculates the sublevel volume of the effective metering section of bell-jar gas flow standard equipment.
2. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described longitudinal moving mechanism comprises ball-screw (3), linear servo-actuator (1), guide rod (7), linear servo-actuator (1) drives ball-screw (3) to rotate, leading screw drives guide rod (7) vertically movement, and then driven rotary gage beam (4) vertically movement.
3. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise rotating servo control system, controls pivot arm and rotates by given angle.
4. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise stepping servo control system, controls ball-screw (3) axially equidistant stepping.
5. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise grating scale and linear encoder, accurately measures the axial spacing in each cross section of cover body.
6. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the supporting seat (9) for fixing bell jar cover body.
7. measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: also comprise level(l)ing mechanism, described level(l)ing mechanism is positioned at supporting seat (9) top, X-Y is equipped with to level(l)ing device by covering on top, and in conjunction with the adjusting mechanism of boom hoisting, cover body is laid level, makes it to be in vertical state all the time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510726312.5A CN105387828B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | The measurement apparatus of sublevel volume inside high-precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510726312.5A CN105387828B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | The measurement apparatus of sublevel volume inside high-precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105387828A true CN105387828A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
| CN105387828B CN105387828B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167053A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-15 | 内蒙古智牧溯源技术开发有限公司 | A kind of livestock encloses class rolling measuring device |
| CN108981867A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 河北省计量监督检测研究院 | The measurement method of any start and stop of high-precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment |
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| CN1645046A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2005-07-27 | 天津大学 | Rotary body wall thickness measuring electro-controlled systems |
| CN101187547A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2008-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Oil tank measuring device and measuring method |
| CN103307877A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-09-18 | 昆山良昕环保节能有限公司 | Smelting furnace with conductor protection function |
| JP2015129667A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Measurement device and method for calibrating measurement device |
| CN205262424U (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-05-25 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | Volumetric detection mechanism in partial rank in circular cross section gas flow standard device |
-
2015
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510726312.5A patent/CN105387828B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1645046A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2005-07-27 | 天津大学 | Rotary body wall thickness measuring electro-controlled systems |
| CN101187547A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2008-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Oil tank measuring device and measuring method |
| CN103307877A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-09-18 | 昆山良昕环保节能有限公司 | Smelting furnace with conductor protection function |
| JP2015129667A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Measurement device and method for calibrating measurement device |
| CN205262424U (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-05-25 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | Volumetric detection mechanism in partial rank in circular cross section gas flow standard device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167053A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-15 | 内蒙古智牧溯源技术开发有限公司 | A kind of livestock encloses class rolling measuring device |
| CN107167053B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2024-01-12 | 内蒙古智牧溯源技术开发有限公司 | Livestock enclosure rolling measurement device |
| CN108981867A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 河北省计量监督检测研究院 | The measurement method of any start and stop of high-precision bell-jar gas flow standard equipment |
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| CN105387828B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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