CN105387798B - It can measure the five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation - Google Patents
It can measure the five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
Abstract
A kind of five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation, including substrate and five sensitive grids fixed thereon, each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and all sensitive segments are in the parallel lines in same plane；It is lateral with axially vertical direction axially to be along the sensitive segment axis direction in the plane；The central axial upper zero deflection of five sensitive grids, there are deviations for upper transverse portion point；Five sensitive grids press the sequence of sensitive grid center, transversely upper three sensitive grid and a upper sensitive grid before this from top to bottom, and secondary for middle sensitive grid, end is next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid；Both the above sensitive grid, following two sensitive grid are in interdigital arrangement respectively；The sensitive segment of five sensitive grids all-in resistance changing value under identical strain is in 3：1：4：1：3.Centering sensitive grid time-sharing multiplex, the present invention can almost measure upper three sensitive grid and the lateral single order local derviation at lower three sensitive grids center simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor field, especially a kind of metal strain plate.
Background technology
The operation principle of metal resistance strain gauge is resistance strain effect, i.e. wire is in effect strained, electricity
Resistance occurs to change accordingly with the size of mechanically deform occurred (stretch or compress).The theoretical formula of resistance strain effect
It is as follows:
Wherein R is its resistance value, and ρ is metal material resistivity, and L is metal material length, and S is metal material sectional area.
Wire is bearing to strain during mechanically deform occurs, and ρ, L, S will change, so as to cause gold
Belong to the variation of material resistance value.When metal material is stretched, length increases, and sectional area reduces, and resistance value increases；When compressed
When, length reduces, and sectional area increase, resistance value reduces.Therefore, as long as the variation of resistance value can be measured, it can know wire
Strained situation.Metal material resistance change rate formula can be exported by relevant knowledges such as formula (1) and the mechanics of materials
Wherein Δ R is resistance variation amount, and Δ L is the variation of metal material length on pulling force or pressure action direction
Amount, ε are that the strain in same direction is usually referred to as axial strain, and K is metal material ga(u)ge factor.
In practical applications, metal resistance strain gauge is pasted onto to the table of Sensor Elastic Element or tested machine components
Face.When the elastic element in sensor or tested machine components are generated strain by active force, foil gauge on it is pasted
Identical mechanically deform occurs therewith, causes strain sheet resistance that corresponding variation occurs.At this moment, resistance strain gage is just by mechanical quantity
Be converted to the variable quantity output of resistance.
But we are also required to understand the partial derivative of workpiece strain sometimes, such as below there are five types of occasion, but not limited to this
Five, it needs to use workpiece surface strain partial derivative：
First, it is concentrated due to nearby will appear strain at workpiece shapes mutation, often occurs damaging it first as workpiece
Place monitors the strain partial derivative near at shape mutation, can intuitively obtain strain intensity at this.
Second, largely existed by comer pieces in building, bridge, mechanical equipment, the related knowledge of the mechanics of materials is taught that, bending
The axial strain of beam surface is directly proportional to section turn moment, and the axial first-order partial derivative of section turn moment is directly proportional to section shearing strain,
Exactly can section shearing strain be known by the axial first-order partial derivative of surface axial strain, and the shearing strain can not use foil gauge
It is directly measured in workpiece surface；
Third, when applied elasticity research workpiece strains, internal strain is decided by partial differential equation, and equation solution needs
Boundary condition, and workpiece surface strain partial derivative is exactly one of boundary condition, this is that general foil gauge can not provide.
In addition, to certain positions of workpiece, such as the positions such as at the shaft shoulder, part edge, due to the mutation of geomery,
Often accordingly there are bigger variations for strain.However, just due to the mutation of geomery so that more difficult placement is general at this
Foil gauge needs the product of a kind of inclined marginal position of energy measuring strain piece rather than center position strain local derviation.
Invention content
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing metal strain plate can not detect strain local derviation, the present invention provides one kind and can measure
The cross direction profiles for the measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation that can effectively detect surface strain transverse direction local derviation should be changed
The five interdigital metal strain plates in sensitive grid side, particularly measuring workpiece corner, edge etc. has foil gauge the horizontal stroke of size restriction site
To single order local derviation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of five interdigital metal strain in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation
Piece, including substrate, the metal strain plate further includes five sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect a pin respectively,
Five sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, institute
The axis for stating each sensitive segment in five sensitive grids is parallel and be generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance values on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section takes the cross-section centroid position and is formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Five sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction, there are deviations for part in the horizontal；Five sensitive grids are by sensitivity
The sequence of grid center is first upper three sensitive grid and a upper sensitive grid, followed by middle sensitive grid transversely from top to bottom,
It is finally next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid；The distance at upper three sensitive grids center and upper sensitive grid center is 0, and upper three is sensitive
The distance at grid center and middle sensitive grid center is Δ y1, the distance at middle sensitive grid center and lower three sensitive grids center is Δ y1, lower three
The distance at sensitive grid center and next sensitive grid center is 0, in the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, upper three sensitive grid and upper one
Sensitive grid is in interdigital arrangement, and next sensitive grid is in interdigital arrangement with lower three sensitive grid；
Upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment all-in resistance be in
3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship, upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids it is quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling section sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.
Further, all cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitivity
Grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment total length be in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.The program
For a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as the position of nominal particle meets the equal cross section position of form center of its both sides resistance value i.e.
Can or other positions.
In five sensitive grids, upper three sensitive grid is with a upper sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid
In interdigital arrangement, and without other interdigital deployment scenarios；The interdigital arrangement refers to：It is flat where each sensitive segment axis of two sensitive grids
On face, in the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, to two sensitive grids in this direction it
The order and number that sensitive segment occurs respectively are not limited；
Using the linear relationship between metal material increased resistance value and strain, this foil gauge is as common foil gauge
It can be used for measuring strain.On the other hand, according in numerical differentiation theory, (such as Yi Fengkang is compiled, National Defense Industry Press 1978
December in year publishes《Numerical computation method》Page 21 (1.4.11)-(1.4.14) formulas make equidistant interpolation analysis) about single order local derviation
Circular, the numerical computation method of the y directions first-order partial derivative of f (x, y) is as follows：
Wherein y1=y0+ h, y2=y1+ h pays special attention to above formula as (x, y2) position first-order partial derivative value formula, the formula
Smaller truncated error is o (h2) be step-length square higher order indefinite small.By being generally acknowledged that sensitive gate resistance in formula (2) engineering
Variable quantity direct ratio and the strain at sensitive grid center, with reference to each sensitive gate resistance and the ratio of the resistance change under same strain
Example relationship；The resistance of upper three sensitive grid and next sensitive grid and the resistance value for subtracting middle sensitive grid, then except in above three sensitive grid
The distance at the heart and next sensitive grid center is the lateral single order numerical value local derviation of strain, is upper three sensitive according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation
The lateral single order numerical value local derviation of grid center, this is not in the middle part of foil gauge but the lateral single order local derviation in portion on the upper side；Equally, under
The resistance of three sensitive grids and a upper sensitive grid and the resistance value for subtracting middle sensitive grid, then except following three sensitive grids center and upper one quick
The distance at sense grid center is the lateral single order numerical value local derviation of strain, is lower three sensitive grid centers according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation
Lateral single order numerical value local derviation, nor foil gauge in the middle part of but the lateral single order local derviation in portion on the lower side.Therefore the foil gauge is excellent
Gesture is descending the general foil gauges such as both sides measurable workpiece corner, edge since size limits the position that can not be measured thereon
Lateral single order local derviation.
In technique it should be noted that three sensitive grids on keeping, on a sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive
The variable quantity of grid changeover portion all-in resistance and changeover portion resistance under external strain is in 3：1：4：1：3 numerical relation is surveyed with being turned up
Accuracy of measurement if the resistance of changeover portion and the lower resistance change of strain be can not ignore, can also be used as systematic error when detecting
It is eliminated.
Further, the metal strain plate further includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and substrate.
Further, the sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
Further, the substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates or temporary substrate.
Five sensitive grid upper, middle and lower are arranged in substrate.It is of course also possible to for other arrangements.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：By centering sensitive grid time-sharing multiplex, the present invention can be achieved almost same
When measure the lateral single order local derviation at upper three sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids center, the upper and lower both sides of particularly foil gauge can be surveyed
There is foil gauge at amount workpiece corner, edge etc. the lateral single order local derviation of size restriction site.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the five interdigital metal strain in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles that can measure bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation
The schematic diagram of piece.
Fig. 2 is the five interdigital metal strain in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles that can measure bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation
Piece vertical view.
Fig. 3 is measuring bridge schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 3, a kind of five sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation
Interdigital metal strain plate, including substrate, the metal strain plate further includes five sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect respectively
A pin is connect, five sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, institute
The axis for stating each sensitive segment in five sensitive grids is parallel and be generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance values on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section takes the cross-section centroid position and is formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Five sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction, there are deviations for part in the horizontal；Five sensitive grids are by sensitivity
The sequence of grid center is first upper three sensitive grid and a upper sensitive grid, followed by middle sensitive grid transversely from top to bottom,
It is finally next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid；The distance at upper three sensitive grids center and upper sensitive grid center is 0, and upper three is sensitive
The distance at grid center and middle sensitive grid center is Δ y1, the distance at middle sensitive grid center and lower three sensitive grids center is Δ y1, lower three
The distance at sensitive grid center and next sensitive grid center is 0, in the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, upper three sensitive grid and upper one
Sensitive grid is in interdigital arrangement, and next sensitive grid is in interdigital arrangement with lower three sensitive grid；
Upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment all-in resistance be in
3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship, upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids it is quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling section sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.
Further, all cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitivity
Grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment total length be in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.The program
For a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as the position of nominal particle meets the equal cross section position of form center of its both sides resistance value i.e.
Can or other positions.
In five sensitive grids, upper three sensitive grid is with a upper sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid
In interdigital arrangement, and without other interdigital deployment scenarios；The interdigital arrangement refers to：It is flat where each sensitive segment axis of two sensitive grids
On face, in the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, to two sensitive grids in this direction it
The order and number that sensitive segment occurs respectively are not limited.
The five interdigital gold in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of the measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation of the present embodiment
Belong to foil gauge, including substrate 1, the metal strain plate further includes five sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one respectively
Root pin fixes five sensitive grids in the substrate 1.
Three sensitive grids 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three quick can be fixed on substrate 1
Grid 6 are felt, for keeping the fixed shape of each sensitive grid, positions and dimensions；Substrate 1 is very thin, so as to which the strain of surface of test piece is accurate
Really it is transmitted to three sensitive grids 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6.Substrate 1 can
To be glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates and temporary substrate.Usually with cohere, weld, ceramics spray
Substrate is fixed on the tested position of test block by the modes such as painting.Some lines for foil gauge positioning can be also printed in substrate 1.
The materials such as cover plate paper or glue are made, and are covered in a three sensitive grids 2, upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next
The protective layer for the effects that sensitive grid 5 descends on three sensitive grids 6 and substrate 1, plays moisture-proof, corrosion protection, loss prevention.
Pin 7 is upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next for connecting sensitive grid and measuring circuit
Sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grid 6 respectively there are two pin 7, pair with foil and membrane type foil gauge, pin 7 connect with it upper three
Sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 combine as a whole.Upper three sensitive grid 2
Two pins are 7-1 and 7-2, and two pins of a upper sensitive grid 3 are 7-3 and 7-4, two pins of middle sensitive grid 4 for 7-5 with
7-6, two pins of next sensitive grid 5 are 7-7 and 7-8, and two pins of lower three sensitive grids 6 are 7-9 and 7-10.
Upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 are according to its metal
The difference of sensitive material and processing technology can be wire form, foil, diaphragm type, thick-film type.No matter which kind of upper three sensitive grid 2, on
One sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and the equal very little of thickness for descending three sensitive grids 6 so that upper three sensitive grid 2, upper one
Sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 axial length depend on the deformation of workpiece with it and become
Change.It is of the invention basic it is critical that upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and under
Cooperation between three sensitive grids 6, there is following main points：
First, five sensitive grids are arranged in substrate, are referred to as three sensitive grids 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid
4th, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6.
Second, upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 can divide
For sensitive segment 8 and changeover portion 9, the connection of each sensitive segment 8 is formed sensitive grid by each changeover portion 9.Comparatively, sensitive segment 8 is in elongated
Shape, resistance is larger and its resistance value is more sensitive to straining；The changeover portion 9 is in tubbiness shape substantially so that the changeover portion
Resistance very little and to strain it is insensitive, resistance variations are close to 0 under working condition, therefore the summation of sensitive segment resistance is essentially
The all-in resistance of single sensitive grid.Fig. 2 has marked sensitive segment 8 and changeover portion 9 in more detail from clearer angle.
Third, the sensitive segment 8 of each sensitive grid is in elongated strip, and all cross section centres of form composition of each sensitive segment 8 is quick
Feel section axis, which is straight line section, and the axis of each sensitive segment 8 is parallel and is generally aligned in the same plane.Each
All cross sections of sensitive segment 8 are consistent along the projection of shape of sensitive segment axis direction.Take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is common
The centroid position of formation is the center of sensitive grid.
4th, upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and the sensitivity for descending three sensitive grids 6
8 total lengths of section are in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship, upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5
8 all-in resistance of sensitive segment with lower three sensitive grid 6 is in 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship, upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, in
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment under identical strain of sensitive segment 8 of sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6
In 3：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.
5th, upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 are overlooked,
They are respectively provided with symmetry axis and symmetrical overlapping of axles (y-axis in Fig. 2), upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, under
One sensitive grid 5 and 6 respective sensitive segment 8 of lower three sensitive grid are all vertical with the symmetry axis, and the sensitive segment 8 of each sensitive grid is equal
It is distributed about this axial symmetry.Therefore, it can be said that upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and under
On the y axis, their center zero deflection in the axial direction, there are part deviations in the horizontal for three sensitive grids, 6 center.According to
The sensitive segment 8 of the vertical view of foil gauge in Fig. 2, upper three sensitive grid 2 and a upper sensitive grid 3 has axially symmetric axis xU, upper three is sensitive
The center of grid 2 and a upper sensitive grid 3 is in y-axis and xUThe intersection point of axis, the sensitive segment 8 of middle sensitive grid 4 have axially symmetric axis xM, in it is quick
The center of grid 4 is felt in y-axis and xMThe sensitive segment 8 of the intersection point of axis, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grid 6 has axially symmetric axis xL,
The center of next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grid 6 is in y-axis and xLThe intersection point of axis.
6th, the distance at the center of the center of upper three sensitive grid 2 and a upper sensitive grid 3 is 0, the center of upper three sensitive grid 2
Distance with the center of middle sensitive grid 4 is Δ y1, the distance at the center of the center of middle sensitive grid 4 and lower three sensitive grid 6 is Δ y1,
The distance at the center of next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids center 6 is 0, as shown in Figure 2.Three sensitive grids 2 and upper one quick on top
It is in interdigital arrangement to feel grid 3, and following next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grid 6 are in interdigital arrangement, and without other interdigital deployment scenarios；
The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane, with two in sensitive segment axis vertical direction
The sensitive segment distribution straggly of sensitive grid, the order and number occur respectively to the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction do not limit
System.Due to upper three sensitive grid 2, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids 6 relative position by
The guarantee of foil gauge production technology is relatively accurately secured, this is also the pass that the present invention can detect the lateral partial derivative of workpiece strain
One of key.
In conclusion upper three sensitive grid 2 of the present invention, a upper sensitive grid 3, middle sensitive grid 4, next sensitive grid 5 and times three are quick
It is in 3 to feel the increased resistance value under same strain of grid 6：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship；Each sensitive grid center zero deflection in the axial direction,
There are part deviations in the horizontal；The distance at the center of upper three sensitive grid 2 and the center of a upper sensitive grid 3 is 0, upper three sensitive grid
The distance at 2 center and the center of middle sensitive grid 4 is Δ y1, the distance at the center of middle sensitive grid 4 and the center of lower three sensitive grid 6
For Δ y1, the distance at the center of next sensitive grid 5 and lower three sensitive grids center 6 is 0.
It is R to enable upper 3 resistance of a sensitive grid under free stateU0, middle 4 resistance of sensitive grid is RM0, lower three sensitive grids, 6 resistance is
RL0, should there is RU0+RL0=RM0=R0.When the foil gauge placement Mr. Yu of the present invention is had surface strain, upper 3 resistance of a sensitive grid is
R0+ΔRU, middle 4 resistance of sensitive grid is R0+ΔRM, 6 resistance of lower three sensitive grid is R0+ΔRL；On the other hand, a upper sensitive grid 3 with
And the center of lower three sensitive grids 6 is located at y-axis and x in Fig. 2 respectivelyUIntersection point and y-axis and xLIntersection point, at a distance of 2 Δs in transverse direction
y1.Formula (3) using the relationship and numerical differentiation of sensitive gate resistance and surface strain has：
WhereinFor the center of lower three sensitive grid 6, εUFor the strain at upper 3 center of a sensitive grid, εMFor middle sensitivity
Strain at 4 center of grid, εLFor the strain at lower three sensitive grids, 6 center.This is that the strain of the present embodiment measurement surface is laterally inclined
The principle led.Pay special attention to, the numerical differentiation that above formula is calculated is inclined for the strain transverse direction single order of the center of lower three sensitive grid 6
It leads, which is the downside of foil gauge, therefore has and measurement workpiece corner, edge etc. is convenient for have size limitation to foil gauge
The advantage of the lateral single order local derviation at position.Also with upper three sensitive grid 2, middle sensitive grid 4 and next sensitive grid 5, can also survey
The strain transverse direction single order local derviation of the center of upper three sensitive grid 2 of amount.The strain of the center of above-mentioned lower three sensitive grids 6 is lateral
Single order local derviation and the strain transverse direction first-order partial derivative of upper three sensitive grids, 2 center can pass through 4 time-sharing multiplex of centering sensitive grid
Realization almost measures simultaneously.
The present embodiment cooperation electric bridge be can be used for into the lateral single order local derviation of measuring strain, strain, it is assumed that bridge input voltage is
ui, output voltage uo, the schematic diagram of measuring bridge is shown in Fig. 3.In no workpiece effects of strain, each arm resistance of electric bridge is according to up time
Needle direction is respectively labeled as R1、R2、R3、R4, the also electric bridge where these sign flag resistance in the case where that will not obscure.Often
The sensitive grid or resistance of foil gauge can be placed on a electric bridge.It is identical with general foil gauge arrangement, if in multiple bridge arms
Upper placement sensitive grid, the requirement of order, strain difinite quality to each installation position.During without workpiece effects of strain, the output of electric bridge
Voltage equation is
At this time, it is desirable that bridge balance i.e. uo=0, it then must satisfy so-called bridge balance condition R1R3-R2R4=0,
The electric bridge of use further meets
R1=R2=R3=R4, (6)
Since first, meet condition (6), according to related theoretical foil gauge sensitivity highest；Second, measuring strain or strain
The method of lateral local derviation is required to condition (6) establishment.When foil gauge is also strained with external world's strain, above-mentioned bridge balance item
Part is generally no longer set up, at this time
Due to Δ Ri＜ ＜ RiFirst ≈ of (i=1,2,3,4) event is set up, and second ≈ works as Δ R1-ΔR2With Δ R3-ΔR4
Jack per line or contrary sign but | Δ R1-ΔR2| with | Δ R3-ΔR4| not in close proximity to when set up, foil gauge is reasonably selected in engineering
Installation position can be realized completely.It is generally available the voltage measurement strain of formula (7) acquisition；To strain, lateral local derviation can convolution
(4) and formula (7), reasonable design arrange each bridge arm sensitive grid and resistance, such as bridge arm R1Sensitive grid 4 in arrangement, bridge arm R2Series connection
Arrange a upper sensitive grid 3 and lower three sensitive grid 6, remaining bridge arm configuration substitutional resistance can be obtained with being answered at lower three sensitive grids, 6 center
Become lateral single order local derviation voltage value u in a linear relationshipo, which is that small-signal need to be amplified.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation,
Including substrate, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate further includes five sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one respectively
Root pin fixes five sensitive grids in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in elongate strip
Shape, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, institute under same strain state
The increased resistance value for stating sensitive segment is much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion close to
0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, and described five
The axis of each sensitive segment is parallel in a sensitive grid and is generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, along described
Sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance value is equal on each sensitive segment
A cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass formed where sensitive segment name
Particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Five sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction, there are deviations for part in the horizontal；Five sensitive grids are by sensitive grid
The sequence of heart position is first upper three sensitive grid and a upper sensitive grid, followed by middle sensitive grid, finally transversely from top to bottom
It is next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grid；The distance at upper three sensitive grids center and upper sensitive grid center is 0, in upper three sensitive grid
The distance at the heart and middle sensitive grid center is Δ y1, the distance at middle sensitive grid center and lower three sensitive grids center is Δ y1, lower three is sensitive
The distance at grid center and next sensitive grid center is 0, and in the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, upper three sensitive grid is sensitive with upper one
Grid are in interdigital arrangement, and next sensitive grid is in interdigital arrangement with lower three sensitive grid；
Upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment all-in resistance be in 3：1：
4：1：3 proportionate relationship, upper three sensitive grid, a upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and the sensitive segment for descending three sensitive grids
The all-in resistance changing value of sensitive segment is also in 3 under identical strain：1：4：1：3 proportionate relationship.
2. five sensitive grid side of the cross direction profiles fork of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation as described in claim 1
Refer to metal strain plate, it is characterised in that：All cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis of each sensitive segment
Point midway and the nominal particle that place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper three sensitive grid,
A upper sensitive grid, middle sensitive grid, next sensitive grid and lower three sensitive grids sensitive segment total length be in 3：1：4：1：3 ratio is closed
System.
3. five sensitive grid of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation as claimed in claim 1 or 2
The interdigital metal strain plate in side, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate further includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid
In substrate.
4. five sensitive grid of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation as claimed in claim 1 or 2
The interdigital metal strain plate in side, it is characterised in that：The sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
5. five sensitive grid of cross direction profiles of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation as claimed in claim 1 or 2
The interdigital metal strain plate in side, it is characterised in that：The substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom or Metal Substrate
Bottom.
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| CN201510883683.4A CN105387798B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | It can measure the five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation |
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| CN201510883683.4A CN105387798B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | It can measure the five interdigital metal strain plate in sensitive grid side of cross direction profiles of bilateral biasing sensitive grid central cross local derviation |
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Effective date of registration: 20201028 Address after: No.12, Jiangjia village, Miaoqiao, Tangqiao town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Wu Yongfen Address before: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20201028 Address after: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: The city Zhaohui six districts Chao Wang Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province Zhejiang University of Technology No. 18 310014 Patentee before: ZHEJIANG University OF TECHNOLOGY |
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Effective date of registration: 20230801 Address after: No.12, Miaoqiao Jiangjia village, Tangqiao town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Zhangjiagang Jiajin Heavy Machinery Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.12, Miaoqiao Jiangjia village, Tangqiao town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Wu Yongfen |