CN105385616B - The bacillus subtilis of efficient degradation zearalenone and its application - Google Patents
The bacillus subtilis of efficient degradation zearalenone and its application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the bacillus subtilis of efficient degradation zearalenone and its applications.Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ASAGF141, deposit number are CGMCC No.9463.The present invention also provides the microbial inoculums and preparation method thereof containing the preservation strain.In addition, the application the present invention also provides the bacterial strain or microbial inoculum in degrading zearalenone.Bacterial strain of the present invention can be degradable by 20 μ g/ml zearalenones in a short time, degradation rate 100%.
Description
Technical field
Application the present invention relates to a bacillus subtilis and its in degrading zearalenone.
Background technique
Zearalenone (Zearalenone, ZEN) is also known as F-2 toxin, the entitled 6- (10- hydroxyl -6- oxygroup of chemistry
Carbene base)-β-thunder locks acid-μ-lactone, and it is a kind of estrogens mycotoxin with dihydroxybenzoic acid lactone structure, usually
By Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum), fusarium culmorum (Fusarium culmorum), gram ground sickle-like bacteria
A variety of sickle mycetes such as (Fusarium crookwellense) are generated and be can be discharged into environment.ZEN is pollution range in the world
Widest a kind of mycotoxin, in the cereal all over the world such as Europe, South America, North America, Asia, Africa and Oceania
And the presence of ZEN can be detected in agricultural and sideline product.ZEN be by Baldwin etc. at first from mouldy corn it is isolated, it is existing
It is known its there are 11 kinds or more of derivatives.ZEN can occur in corn with the high concentration of 11.8mg/kg, in oat, small
It is also detected extensively in wheat, barley and sorghum.ZEN generally passes through plant feed of pollution etc. and enters food chain, thus dairy produce,
May also occur in beef and mutton etc. with higher concentration, the contaminant capacity of ZEN is even as high as 289mg/kg in certain foods.For a long time
Since, there are many report in relation to ZEN contamination hazard, with quasi-waverider vehicle, can cause the livestock or poultries reproduction such as boar
Cycle disorder, domestic animals and fowls are precocious, bring massive losses to plantation aquaculture.ZEN also has strong carcinogenicity, leads to animal and people
The disease incidence such as breast cancer, the cancer of the esophagus increase, and become one of the reason of cancer morbidity rises successively now.The detection of ZEN at present
Method is more mature, but the problem of related ZEN removal, conversion etc. is extremely urgent.
So far, the removal methods of domestic and international zearalenone mainly have physical treatment, chemical method and bioanalysis
Three categories.Although physics, chemical Treatment detoxification have a degree of effect, it remains many deficiencies, such as de-
Toxic effect fruit is undesirable, may cause the loss of several important nutrients, chemical detoxication agent residual, higher cost, etc..It utilizes
The degradation of biological means progress mycotoxin is then the hot spot and focus of scientific and technological circle's research in recent years.Biological method is mild
Under the conditions of handled, so that the toxicity of toxin be made to reduce, having influences the sensory properties of raw material, palatability, nutriment
The advantages that smaller.Most of country has all made very stringent regulation, example to the ZEN content in food, cereal, feed at present
If the content of ZEN in Australia's regulation cereal is no more than 50ng/g, Italy regulation ZEN in cereal and cereal product
Content no more than 100ng/g, and the content of ZEN has to be lower than 200ng/g in France, vegetable oil and cereal.
In conclusion for ZEN pollution problem in solution agricultural product, feedstuff and feed, it is necessary to from natural resources
The microorganism fungus kind of the safe and efficient degrading zearalenone of separation screening, further studies its biological nature, and toxin degradation is special
Property and degradation mechanism, research and development be suitable for feedstuff industry zearalenone microbial detoxification agent, guarantee the food of animal product
Safety reduces the economic loss of planting industry and aquaculture.In the prior art, " one plant of food-grade aspergillus niger and its in Gibberella zeae
In the application of ketenes degradation " (China Patent Publication No. CN103937681A), aspergillus niger is cultivated into 5d, Xiang Qi under optimum conditions
The middle zearalenone that final concentration of 2ug/ml is added, 48 hours, degradation rate reached 89.56%;" Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain
And its application in degrading zearalenone " in (China Patent Publication No. CN103981134A), by the P. aeruginosa
Under bacterium suitable condition and final concentration of 2 μ g/ml zearalenone culture 72 hours, degradation rate 92.75%;" one plant of solution starch
In bacillus and its application in degrading zearalenone " (China Patent Publication No. CN103981133A), by the strain
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are cultivated 24 hours under optimum conditions and MM culture medium is added in final concentration of 5 μ g/ml zearalenone
It co-cultures 72 hours, degradation rate 95.99%.
Compared with the prior art, this technology uses the withered of the efficient degradation zearalenone that directed screening obtains in soil
Careless bacillus ASAGF141, can in a short time (6 hours) 20 μ g/ml zearalenones are degradable, degradation rate
100%, have the advantages that degradation speed is fast, degradation is complete.Due to the bacterial strain can degradable ZEN in a short period of time,
It can be used as microbial detoxification agent to be added in animal feed, play a role the ZEN that degrades in animal intestinal tract.And bacterial strain in existing patent
Degradation time it is longer, cannot food be discharged enteron aisle before degradable ZEN.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one plant can rapidly and efficiently degrading zearalenone withered grass gemma
Bacillus and its application.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The present invention provides one plant of bacillus subtilis for being used for efficient degradation zearalenone
(Bacillussubtilis), it is named as ASAGF141;The bacterial strain is separated from the soil of Anyang area, Henan Province maize planting
It obtains, has been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address:Chaoyang District, Beijing City north
The institute 3 of occasion West Road 1, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, postcode 100101, deposit number are:CGMCC NO.9463, point
Class is named as:Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis, the deposit date is on July 16th, 2014.With other biologies
Situation is the same, and the present invention has the active bacterium of degrading zearalenone, and ASAGF141 still may mutate or variation.Cause
This, can use physics known in the art and chemical method obtains the mutant strain of the bacterial strain, for example, can be by with chemical drugs
Agent such as nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and other chemical mutagens, or, Co for example ultraviolet with physical method60Radiation treatment obtains its mutant strain,
These mutagenic mutants also belong to of the invention one as long as remaining such a ability characteristics of degrading zearalenone
Point.
The present invention also provides a kind of microbial inoculum, its active constituent is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis)
ASAGF141 (deposit number is CGMCC No.9463) or its derivative mutant strain.It can be liquid that the present invention, which provides above-mentioned microbial inoculum,
State microbial inoculum may be solid-state microbial inoculum, and be prepared by published preparation method in the prior art.Specifically, the present invention mentions
For the preparation method of above-mentioned microbial inoculum, this method includes:
(1) bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ASAGF141 for being CGMCC No.9463 by deposit number
Or its derivative mutant strain activates on solid medium;
(2) by the strain inoculated after activation in seed culture medium, seed liquor is made in culture to logarithmic growth phase;
(3) seed liquor is inoculated in fermentation medium, liquid microbial inoculum is made in culture to stationary phase.
Further, the present invention can also be by the dry obtained solid-state microbial inoculum of above-mentioned liquid microbial inoculum Direct spraying, or by liquid
Microbial inoculum is dry after mixing with adsorbent, and solid-state microbial inoculum is made.Wherein, the weight ratio of the liquid microbial inoculum and adsorbent is 1:2-
10, the adsorbent can be in maize cob meal, wheat bran, starch, diatomite, attapulgite, vermiculite, precipitated calcium carbonate or peat
One or more.
Further, in the above preparation method, the fermentation medium (FM) for cultivating bacillus subtilis can have
Diversified forms, but comprehensively consider production cost, cellular biomass, detoxification activity etc., preferably certain culture mediums, example
Such as, the preferred carbon source of bacillus subtilis ASAGF141 be maltose, but also can be used glucose, sucrose, glycerol, fructose,
Galactolipin, mannose, molasses etc..The preferred nitrogen source of bacillus subtilis ASAGF141 is tryptone, but ox also can be used
Meat extract, corn pulp, yeast extract, yeast extract etc..The nutrient inorganic salts in culture medium can be mixed have can generate following ion
Conventional soluble salt:Zinc ion, sodium ion, magnesium ion, calcium ion, iron ion, chloride ion, carbanion, sulfate radical from
Son, nitrate ion etc..
Further, the seed culture medium and fermentation medium (FM) need cooling after 121 DEG C of high-temperature heat sterilizations
It is used to 30~35 DEG C.
Further, the strain after the activation by 0.5~10% inoculum concentration of seed culture medium in seeding tank be inoculated with into
Seeding tank;The seed liquor is inoculated with by 0.5~10% inoculum concentration of fermentation cylinder for fermentation culture medium into fermentor.
Further, fermentation culture conditions are:The ventilatory capacity of filtrated air is 1:0.5~1.2, mixing speed be 50~
300 revs/min, about 30~37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, living cells quantity is at least up to 10 in liquid microbial inoculum7CFU/ml。
It is the claimed bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ASAGF141, prominent derived from it
The application of mutant and above-mentioned microbial inoculum in degrading zearalenone.
Specifically, in degrading zearalenone, using (a) or (b) any one of mode as follows:
(a) is by liquid microbial inoculum according to mass ratio 1:1 proportion is sprayed on the cereal or feed of zearalenone pollution
And feedstuff or other agricultural and sideline products, the living cells quantity of degrading zearalenone, the liquid microbial inoculum are at least up to
107CFU/ml。
(b) by solid-state microbial inoculum according to mass percentage be 1-5% additive amount be added to cereal or feedstuff and
In feed, it is uniformly mixed, the living cells quantity of degrading zearalenone, the solid-state microbial inoculum is at least up to 108CFU/g。
The cereal is corn, barley, paddy, wheat or jowar.The feedstuff and feed are corn, barley, rice
The feedstuffs such as paddy, wheat or jowar and the feed that they are process.Other agricultural and sideline products are processing of farm products by-product
Object such as vinasse, pomace, fecula etc..
The advantage of the invention is that:Deposit number provided by the invention is the bacillus subtilis pair of CGMCC No.9463
Zearalenone has efficient quick degradation.It is raw using the bacillus subtilis that deposit number is CGMCC No.9463
The solid-state or liquid microbial microbial inoculum of degrading zearalenone are produced, can be added in feed directly as feed addictive makes
With, microbial bacterial agent can also be inoculated into feedstuff or feed carry out solid state fermentation removal zearalenone, have
Produce and use it is at low cost, simple, easy to operate, strain safety, zearalenone degradation it is safe and efficient the advantages that.The present invention mentions
The bacterial strain and microbial inoculum of confession can be used for cereal, feed, in feedstuff zearalenone removal, for solve feed and its
Toxin pollution problem in raw material improves grain utilization rate, guarantees the safety in production of animal husbandry and the food safety of animal product, mentions
High animal husbandry economy benefit has great importance.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1A SAGF141 toxin degradation effect after 6 hours in the FM (fermentation medium) that ZEN concentration is 20 μ g/mL.
Under Fig. 2A SAGF141 liquid reaction system, degradation effect.
Degradation effect of Fig. 3 ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum to zearalenone in cereal.
Degradation effect of Fig. 4 ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum to zearalenone in cereal.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, but is not to limit the present invention.Following embodiments
In experimental method be unless otherwise specified conventional method.Test material as used in the following examples, such as without special theory
It is bright, it is that conventional biochemical reagent supplier is commercially available.
The acquisition and identification of 1 bacillus subtilis of embodiment (Bacillus subtilis) ASAGF141
Soil sample is acquired in Earthquake of Anyang station in Henan milpa, is culture carrier by 96 microwell plates, uses 5 continuous corns first
The enrichment culture method of zeranol toxin concentration gradient obtains the bacteria suspension with degrading zearalenone, then hangs bacterium
Liquid is coated on LB agar plate (yeast extract 0.5%, tryptone 1%, NaCl by method of dilution butteron on plate with suitable dilution
1%, agar powder 1.6%, pH7.2,121 DEG C sterilizing 25min) on, picking grows separation degree well and colony morphology characteristic, face
The different bacterium colony of color, in LB liquid medium (yeast extract 0.5%, the tryptose that zearalenone concentration is 10 μ g/mL
Peptone 1%, NaCl1%, agar powder 1.6%, pH7.2,121 DEG C sterilizing 25min) in carry out detoxification test, it is beautiful that methanol extracts residual
Zearlenone simultaneously carries out HPLC detection, verifies the zearalenone degradation effect of each pure culture, finally successfully obtains
It is capable of the strains A SAGF141 of degrading zearalenone, picking ASAGF141 single bacterium is fallen in LB liquid medium, and culture is extremely
When logarithmic phase mid-term, with 50% glycerite (glycerol:Water=1:1) it is mixed in equal volume with culture and is placed on -80 DEG C of preservations.
The identification of ASAGF141 bacterial strain
16S rDNA of clone strain ASAGF141, GyrB sequence, and 16S rDNA, GyrB sequence are sequenced
(see sequence table SEQ ID No.1 and SEQ ID No.2), sequencing result is same in Genbank progress BLAST comparison analytical sequence
Source property, with having obtained morphological biology qualification result, physiology, biochemical character result (table 1) and the systematics of ASAGF141
Strains A SAGF141, is finally accredited as bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) by position qualification result.
Table 1
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) the strains A SAGF141 is delivered into China General Microbiological strain
Preservation administrative center preservation, deposit number are CGMCC No.9463.For simplify explanation, it is described below in, will be mentioned by the present invention
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ASAGF141 indicated with ASAGF141.
Detoxification of the embodiment 2ASAGF141 in fermentation medium (Fermentation Medium, hereinafter referred to as " FM ")
Effect
ASAGF141 after activation is seeded to the 50mL's containing 20 μ g/mL zearalenones with 1% inoculum concentration
In FM fluid nutrient medium, virus-free culture is carried out under 220 revs/min of oscillating condition, timing taking-up extracts residual corn with methanol
Zeranol, the remaining content of zearalenone shows through HPLC testing result in final cultures:Gibberella zeae in FM
Ketenes is degradable, and after 6 hours, ZEN degradation rate is up to 100% (see Fig. 1) by ASAGF141.And draw under liquid reaction system,
The degradation effect figure (degradation curve) (see Fig. 2) of above-mentioned bacterial strains.
The preparation of embodiment 3ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum
Solid medium component and proportion:Yeast extract 0.5%, tryptone 1%, NaCl 1%, agar powder
1.6%, pH7.2~7.4, high-temp steam sterilizing 25min at 121 DEG C.
Seed culture medium component and proportion:Yeast extract 0.5%, tryptone 1%, NaCl1%, pH7.2~7.4,
High-temp steam sterilizing 25min at 121 DEG C;Fermentation medium component and proportion:ASAGF141:Maltose 1%, tryptone 1%,
MgSO415mM/L, Tween400.01% adjust pH to 7.2.
Actication of culture:The ASAGF141 that deposit number is CGMCC No.9463 is inoculated on solid medium, in 37 DEG C of items
It is cultivated 2 days under part, and measures its zearalenone degradation property, be inoculated in spare on test tube slant.
Seed culture:From on slant medium picking single colonie access seed culture medium in, cultivated under the conditions of 37 DEG C to
Spare strain is made in logarithmic phase;Then, with 100 liters of seeding tank, 70 liters of seed culture medium inventory, 121 DEG C after feeding intake
After being cooled to 37 DEG C, above-mentioned cultured strain is inoculated with the inoculum concentration of volume ratio 2% into seeding tank for high pressure moist heat sterilization,
Mixing speed is 220 revs/min, and 37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, filtrated air intake is 1:1 (volume ratio) is cultivated for about 24~40 hours
To logarithmic growth phase, seed liquor is obtained.
Fermented and cultured:Use volume for 5000 liters of production tank, 3000 liters of fermentation medium inventory, in 1.1kg/cm2
Pressure, at a temperature of 121 DEG C, carry out high pressure moist heat sterilization, it is 37 DEG C cooling after sterilizing, seed liquor is connect by 2% inoculum concentration
Kind enters fermentor, fermentation condition:The ventilatory capacity of filtrated air is 1:1~1.2, mixing speed is 200-260 revs/min, culture temperature
37 DEG C of degree incubation time about 24~40 hours, forms the liquid microbial inoculum with degrading zearalenone ability after putting tank.The liquid
Living cells quantity is at least up to 10 in state microbial inoculum7CFU/ml。
The preparation of embodiment 4ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum
By the ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum generated in embodiment 3 and wheat bran or maize cob meal according to 1:5 mass ratio
Example is uniformly mixed, and in 40 DEG C or less low temperature dryings to moisture 10% hereinafter, formation is solid-state like, is pulverized, packing preservation, thus
ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum is made.
Degradation effect of the embodiment 5ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum to zearalenone in cereal
ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum prepared by embodiment 3 is diluted, the liquid-type bacterial strain living cells quantity after dilution
At least up to 107A/ml, in mass ratio 1:1 proportion is sprayed onto the corn flour of pollution zearalenone as test group,
No bacteria fermentation culture medium is sprayed onto the corn flour of pollution zearalenone as a control group with same proportion, and every group three
Repeat, after mixing at a temperature of 37 DEG C after detoxification 48 hours, from control group and test group precise 5g sample in from
In heart pipe, the methanol of 25ml 70% is added into detoxification sample, oscillation extracts toxin sufficiently, 8000 revs/min, is centrifuged 15 points
Clock takes supernatant;Containing for zearalenone is detected with the enzyme linked immunological kit (being purchased from Romer company) of zearalenone
Amount, the results showed that the corn flour degradation rate that ASAGF141 liquid microbial inoculum pollutes zearalenone up to 42%, and control group without
Any signs of degradation (result is shown in Fig. 3).
Degradation effect of the embodiment 6ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum to zearalenone in cereal
The ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum that embodiment 4 is prepared is added according to 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% weight ratio
It is added in the corn flour of pollution zearalenone, fermentation medium and maize cob meal are (with 1:The mixing of 5 ratios) mixture is same
It is added to 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% weight ratio in the control group corn flour of pollution zearalenone, by control group
1 is pressed with test group:Deionized water, every group of three repetitions, the after mixing detoxification 48 at a temperature of 37 DEG C is added in 1 ratio
Hour, it is put into 50ml centrifuge tube from control group and test group precise 5g sample, the methanol of 25ml 70% is added to detoxification
In sample, oscillation extracts toxin sufficiently, 8000 revs/min, is centrifuged 15 minutes, takes supernatant;Enzyme-linked with zearalenone is exempted from
The content of epidemic disease kit (being purchased from Romer company) detection zearalenone, the results showed that ASAGF141 solid-state microbial inoculum is to pollution
Corn flour passes through detoxification in 48 hours, and degradation rate is up to 31% (when addition is than 4%), and control group is without any signs of degradation (knot
Fruit sees Fig. 4).
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.It is all to belong to this hair
The obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. bacillus subtilis(Bacillus subtilis)ASAGF141, deposit number are CGMCC No.9463.
2. a kind of microbial inoculum, its active constituent is bacillus subtilis(Bacillus subtilis)ASAGF141, the withered grass
Bacillus(Bacillus subtilis)The deposit number of ASAGF141 is CGMCC No.9463.
3. microbial inoculum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the microbial inoculum is liquid microbial inoculum or solid-state microbial inoculum.
4. a kind of preparation method of microbial inoculum as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that this method includes:
(1)The bacillus subtilis for being CGMCC No. 9463 by deposit number(Bacillus subtilis)ASAGF141 exists
It is activated on solid medium;
(2)Strain after activation is inoculated in seed culture medium, seed liquor is made in culture to logarithmic growth phase;
(3)The seed liquor is inoculated in fermentation medium, liquid microbial inoculum is made in culture to stationary phase.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that this method further includes doing the liquid microbial inoculum by spraying
It is dry, or dried after liquid microbial inoculum is mixed with adsorbent, solid-state microbial inoculum is made.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the liquid microbial inoculum and adsorbent press 1:The weight of 2-10
Amount ratio mixed, the adsorbent be maize cob meal, wheat bran, starch, diatomite, attapulgite, vermiculite, precipitated calcium carbonate or
One or more of peat.
7. bacillus subtilis described in claim 1(Bacillus subtilis)ASAGF141 or bacterium as claimed in claim 2
Application of the agent in degrading zearalenone.
8. application according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in degrading zearalenone, using as follows(a)Or
(b)Any one of mode:
(a)By liquid microbial inoculum according to mass ratio 1:1 proportion be sprayed on zearalenone pollution cereal or feed and
The living cells quantity of feedstuff or other agricultural and sideline products, degrading zearalenone, the liquid microbial inoculum is at least up to
107CFU/ml;
(b)Solid-state microbial inoculum is added to cereal or feedstuff and feed according to the additive amount that mass percentage is 1-5%
In, it is uniformly mixed, the living cells quantity of degrading zearalenone, the solid-state microbial inoculum is at least up to 108CFU/g。
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CN107502566B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2020-06-26 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Lysine bacillus and application thereof in degradation of zearalenone |
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CN111778188B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-06-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Aerobacter for degrading zearalenone and application thereof |
CN112063559B (en) * | 2020-09-20 | 2022-05-17 | 河南新汉博生物科技有限公司 | Zearalenone degrading strain and application thereof |
CN112410269B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | Bacillus subtilis and application thereof in degradation of zearalenone |
CN114214222A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-03-22 | 河南工业大学 | High-temperature-resistant bacterial strain for efficiently degrading zearalenone and microbial inoculum thereof |
CN113913340A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Bacillus subtilis and application thereof in degradation of zearalenone |
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