CN105384590A - Primer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Primer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105384590A CN105384590A CN201510926796.8A CN201510926796A CN105384590A CN 105384590 A CN105384590 A CN 105384590A CN 201510926796 A CN201510926796 A CN 201510926796A CN 105384590 A CN105384590 A CN 105384590A
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- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- tnt
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- detonation
- hexogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/44—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
- C06B31/48—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine with other explosive or thermic component
- C06B31/50—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine with other explosive or thermic component the other component being a nitrated organic compound
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a primer and a preparation method thereof. Raw material components of the primer comprise, by weight, 50-65 parts of TNT, 35-50 parts of pentaerythrite tetranitrate or hexogen, and 5-35 parts of ammonium nitrate. The ammonium nitrate oxidant is added to make an explosive formula approach zero oxygen balance, so the detonation completeness is improved, generation of poisonous and harmful gases is reduced, and environmental pollution is avoided. Ammonium nitrate contains abundant hydrogen bonds, and the TNT crystallization speed and the crystal growth direction can be controlled in the TNT crystallization process to make arrangement of TNT molecules be ordered, so transmission of detonation waves is benefited, the detonation speed is improved, and pore shrinkage is reduced; and ammonium nitrate is cheap and is easy to obtain, so the primer production cost is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of enterprises is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of relay blaster and preparation method thereof, belong to explosive preparing technical field.
Background technology
Relay blaster is the solid phase prod utilizing single chmical compound explosive to be mixed, and has powerful detonating capability.In order to improve blasting effect, reducing blasting cost, improving working security, insensitiveness industrial explosive is applied to mining and engineering explosion more and more, and particularly the application of explosive field mixed loading truck, substantially increases operating efficiency, reduce blasting cost, more advance the use of desensitized explosive.But desensitized explosive need adopt heavy initiation, relay blaster (also known as primary explosive column) is namely adopted to ignite low sensitivity explosive.Along with country strengthens the investment to development of the West Regions, the demand of special blasting equipment is also got more and more; The engineering explosion of western developed country more than 80% all adopts desensitized explosive in bulk (based on ammonium oils, emulsified explosive), very large to the market demand of relay blaster.
Current relay blaster forms primarily of TNT and Tai An or TNT and hexogen two kinds of single chmical compound explosive foundings, because these three kinds of single chmical compound explosives are negative oxygen balance, the toxic and harmfuls such as a large amount of carbon monoxide can be produced after blast, even can the HCN of production hypertoxicity, bring significant damage to environment.Simultaneously because single chmical compound explosive production process is complicated, dangerous large, cost is high, and price goes up year by year, for enterprise brings larger economical load.Chinese patent (CN102675008A detonation tool and preparation method thereof), a kind of detonation tool and preparation method thereof is proposed, its chemical constitution is in mass ratio: TNT: Tai An or Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine: aluminium=(40-60): (25-55): (5-20), its preparation method is: poured into by TNT in fusing grain and make it fusing, the TNT of melting flows in tempering tank, when flowing to tempering tank volume 1/4, again Tai An or Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine limit are added stirring, add aluminium powder afterwards, after TNT and Tai An or Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine and aluminium powder mix, adjustment temperature is to 80-82 DEG C, mixture is cast in mold assemblies, through naturally cooling curing molding, through repairing after sloughing mould, inspection, finished product loading packing is put in storage.The method adds aluminium powder to improve quick-fried heat, but aluminium is originally as reductive agent, adding of aluminium powder is unfavorable for oxygen balance more, aluminium powder to be captured in explosive after oxygen participates in explosive reaction, can cause the reductive agent components such as former C, H can not complete reaction, explosive utilization ratio is low, can produce more toxic and harmful, bring larger harm to operating personnel and environment after blast than former explosive.Aluminium powder easily produces dust in addition, and dust can generate heat by nature by the time of tide, and can form inflammable and explosive mixture with air, Long Term Contact can cause pneumoconiosis, is unfavorable for safety in production.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides one close to zero oxygen balance relay blaster, bear oxygen balance to solve existing detonation tool, environmental hazard is large, the shortcoming that detonating capability is low.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of relay blaster.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of relay blaster, is characterized in that, comprise feed composition as follows:
By weight, TNT:50 ~ 65 part; Too peace or hexogen: 35 ~ 50 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 5 ~ 35 parts.
Preferably, described TNT:60 part; Too peace or hexogen: 40 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 15 parts.
Preferably, described ammonium nitrate is particle ammonium nitrate, multi-hole nitramines, expanded ammonium nitrate or modified ammonium nitrate.
Preferably, the order number of described ammonium nitrate is more than or equal to 60 orders.
Preferably, the order number of described ammonium nitrate is more than or equal to 90 orders and is less than or equal to 100 orders.
A preparation method for relay blaster, comprises the following steps,
(1) TNT, Tai An or hexogen, ammonium nitrate are got the raw materials ready according to proportioning, get the TNT after getting the raw materials ready and melt;
(2) Tai An or hexogen are joined in the TNT in step (1) after fusing, fully stir, mix, obtain mixture A;
(3) ammonium nitrate is joined the mixture A in step (2), fully stir, mix, obtain mixture B;
(4) divided by mixture B and be poured into for 2 ~ 4 times in detonation tool paper shell, previous cast is poured into a mould after solidifying completely more next time, is poured after solidifying completely, obtained detonation tool.Benefit of this design is, because TNT can produce shrinkage cavity phenomenon in solidification shrinkage process, for avoiding the generation of shrinkage cavity phenomenon, adopts the mode of repeatedly pouring into a mould to carry out, and front once pour entirely solidify after, then to pour into a mould next time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, relay blaster of the present invention is by adding ammonium nitrate oxidizing agent, makes explosive formulation close to zero oxygen balance, improves detonation and spends completely, decreases the generation of toxic and harmful, avoids environmental pollution.
2, relay blaster of the present invention with the addition of ammonium nitrate in feed composition, ammonium nitrate contains abundant hydrogen bond, can the direction of control TNT crystallization velocity and crystal growth during TNT crystallization, make TNT molecular arrangement more orderly, be conducive to the transmission of detonation wave, improve detonation rate, reduce the generation of shrinkage cavity simultaneously, make detonation tool product more attractive in appearance.
3, by means of the mechanism of detonation reaction such as emulsion explosive and gelatinous explosive, the microbubble contained in ammonium nitrate is introduced in detonation tool, effectively can improve the blasting cap initiation sensitivity of explosive, solve simple substance class solid explosive adiabatic compressibility poor, the problem that W-response is relatively more difficult.
4, the ammonium nitrate of Raw component interpolation of the present invention is cheap and easy to get, can greatly reduce the production cost of detonation tool, improve the economic benefit of enterprise.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of relay blaster, feed composition is as follows:
By weight, TNT:50 part; Pacify very much: 50 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 5 parts.In the present embodiment, ammonium nitrate is particle ammonium nitrate, and the order number of particle ammonium nitrate is 60 orders.
The relay blaster of the present embodiment, with the addition of ammonium nitrate oxidizing agent in its component, makes explosive formulation close to zero oxygen balance, and from Theory of Detonation, explosive formulation is more close to zero oxygen balance, and explosive reaction is more complete.Blasting performance parameter is after testing as follows:
Sensitivity to Primary Explosion: detonate reliable, blast is completely; Explosion velocity:>=7000m/s; Charge density:>=1.5g/cm
3; Water resisting property: be that after soaking 48h in the room temperature water of 0.3Mpa, Sensitivity to Primary Explosion is constant at pressure.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of relay blaster, feed composition is as follows:
By weight, TNT:65 part; Hexogen: 35 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 35 parts.In the present embodiment, ammonium nitrate is multi-hole nitramines, and the order number of multi-hole nitramines is 90 orders.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of relay blaster, feed composition is as follows:
By weight, TNT:60 part; Pacify very much: 40 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 15 parts.In the present embodiment, ammonium nitrate is expanded ammonium nitrate, and the order number of expanded ammonium nitrate is 100 orders.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of relay blaster, feed composition is as follows:
By weight, TNT:50 part; Hexogen: 35 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 35 parts.In the present embodiment, ammonium nitrate is modified ammonium nitrate, and the order number of modified ammonium nitrate is 94 orders.
Embodiment 5:
A preparation method for relay blaster, comprises the following steps,
1, by weight, get the TNT65 part measured to add in melting pot and melt;
2, the too peace 35 parts measured is joined in the TNT after fusing, fully stir in tempering tank and make it mix, obtain initial mixture A;
3, again the 90 object multi-hole nitramines 35 parts measured is joined in initial mixture A, fully stir in tempering tank and its three is mixed, obtain final mixture B;
4, above-mentioned final mixture B is divided be poured into for 4 times in detonation tool paper shell, during cast, should pour into a mould again after previous cast is solidified completely next time, avoid the generation of shrinkage cavity phenomenon as far as possible;
5, after being poured and solidifying completely, detonation tool is placed on move back on mould machine and exits mould, obtain detonation tool product.
Using such method carries out the preparation of detonation tool according to this formula, the detonation tool obtained compared with existing detonation tool, have obvious advantage, its performance perameter is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1: the present invention and existing detonation tool particular product performance parameters contrast
| The present invention | Detonation tool I type | Detonation tool II type | |
| Explosion velocity (m/s) | ≥7300 | ≥7000 | 5000～7000 |
| Sensitivity to Primary Explosion (5g/m primacord fuse) | 100% detonation is complete | 100% detonation is complete | To detonate instability |
As seen from the above table, it is fast that detonation tool of the present invention has bursting speed, and explosion is reliable, and explosion is advantage completely.
Claims (6)
1. a relay blaster, is characterized in that, comprises feed composition as follows:
By weight, TNT:50 ~ 65 part; Too peace or hexogen: 35 ~ 50 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 5 ~ 35 parts.
2. relay blaster as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described TNT:60 part; Too peace or hexogen: 40 parts; Ammonium nitrate: 15 parts.
3. relay blaster as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described ammonium nitrate is particle ammonium nitrate, multi-hole nitramines, expanded ammonium nitrate or modified ammonium nitrate.
4. relay blaster as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the order number of described ammonium nitrate is more than or equal to 60 orders.
5. relay blaster as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the order number of described ammonium nitrate is more than or equal to 90 orders and is less than or equal to 100 orders.
6. a preparation method for the relay blaster as described in any one of claim 1-5, comprises the following steps,
(1) TNT, Tai An or hexogen, ammonium nitrate are got the raw materials ready according to proportioning, get the TNT after getting the raw materials ready and melt;
(2) Tai An or hexogen are joined in the TNT in step (1) after fusing, fully stir, mix, obtain mixture A;
(3) ammonium nitrate is joined the mixture A in step (2), fully stir, mix, obtain mixture B;
(4) divided by mixture B and be poured into for 2 ~ 4 times in detonation tool paper shell, previous cast is poured into a mould after solidifying completely more next time, is poured after solidifying completely, obtained detonation tool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510926796.8A CN105384590A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Primer and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510926796.8A CN105384590A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Primer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105384590A true CN105384590A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510926796.8A Pending CN105384590A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Primer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110186331A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-30 | 山东天宝化工股份有限公司 | A kind of no mold is without medicine core detonation tool preparation method |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB869155A (en) * | 1957-11-21 | 1961-05-31 | Melvin Alonzo Cook | Explosive composition |
| US3508981A (en) * | 1968-04-24 | 1970-04-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Thickened aqueous slurry explosive composition containing ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene surface active agent |
| CN1088902A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-06 | 孙德兴 | Plasticity relaying priming explosive |
| CN101215479A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 卫丕昌 | Application of high-energy oxygen-containing fuel |
-
2015
- 2015-12-14 CN CN201510926796.8A patent/CN105384590A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB869155A (en) * | 1957-11-21 | 1961-05-31 | Melvin Alonzo Cook | Explosive composition |
| US3508981A (en) * | 1968-04-24 | 1970-04-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Thickened aqueous slurry explosive composition containing ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene surface active agent |
| CN1088902A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-06 | 孙德兴 | Plasticity relaying priming explosive |
| CN101215479A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 卫丕昌 | Application of high-energy oxygen-containing fuel |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 燕吉胜: "一种高能起爆具制备工艺研究", 《含能材料》 * |
| 陆明等: "氧平衡对铵梯油炸药爆炸性能影响的理论分析", 《爆破器材》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110186331A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-30 | 山东天宝化工股份有限公司 | A kind of no mold is without medicine core detonation tool preparation method |
| CN110186331B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-11-26 | 山东天宝化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of mould-free and flux-free detonating tool |
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Application publication date: 20160309 |