CN105384516A - Composite inductive agent for composting and deodorizing kitchen waste and application method thereof - Google Patents
Composite inductive agent for composting and deodorizing kitchen waste and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105384516A CN105384516A CN201510768856.8A CN201510768856A CN105384516A CN 105384516 A CN105384516 A CN 105384516A CN 201510768856 A CN201510768856 A CN 201510768856A CN 105384516 A CN105384516 A CN 105384516A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite inductive agent for composting and deodorizing kitchen waste. The composite inductive agent comprises the following components by weight percent: 8 to 12 percent of plant-sourced fiber absorbent, 1 to 3 percent of weak alkaline compound, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of silver nitrate, 0.5 to 1.0 percent of zinc nitrate, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of porous particulate matters, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of potassium permanganate and 1.0 to 2.0 percent of iron-source matters, wherein the addition amount of the plant-sourced absorbent refers to the mass of wet matrix of the kitchen waste, and the addition amount of the other components refers to the total amount of the kitchen waste and the plant-source fiber absorbent. During the application process, the kitchen waste and the plant-sourced fiber absorbent are mixed to obtain a mixture I, then the mixture I is mixed with other inductive agent components and half weak alkaline compound to be composted, and after the composting is performed for one week, the rest half weak alkaline compound is added into the composting material to be further composted. Therefore, in the kitchen waste composting process, indirect odor emission sources and direct odor emission sources are reduced in a liquid form, the nutritional content of a compost product is increased, and the resource utilization of agricultural waste is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental waste process field, be specifically related to
oneplant the co-induction agent and application method thereof that are used for kitchen waste compost deodorizing.
Background technology
In megapolis such as Beijing, rubbish from cooking proportion, up to 60%, reaches as high as more than 80%.Rubbish from cooking has the features such as water ratio is high, organic composition is many, perishable, calorific value is low, objectionable constituent are few.Therefore, the process of rubbish from cooking and resource utilization more and more cause the concern of the whole society.At present, generally adopt composting harmless treatment rubbish from cooking both at home and abroad, so not only organic substance in rubbish from cooking can be converted into stable humic matter, the fertilizer of production high nutritive value, avoid the loss of nutritive substance, treatment capacity and the cost of domestic refuse can also be reduced.
Although composting is the rubbish from cooking resource technology of an Eco-friendly, but the repugnant substance discharged in composting process has caused another one environmental problem--odor pollution, especially the larger city of the density of population or national odor pollution even more serious.Even if composting plant has good management guideline, but odor pollution is still inevitable.Repugnant substance pollutes the maximum and the most scabrous problem having become composting plant and faced, although may itself be safe from harm by some repugnant substance, it makes resident's sense of smell of composting plant periphery feel unpleasant, and there will be the opposition of the public to composting plant.In addition, because the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is very high, can produce a large amount of percolate in composting process, in kitchen waste compost process, the generation of percolate accounts for 20% ~ 40% of compost material fresh weight, and summer, leachate generation was maximum.The percolate produced in composting process is also that important foul gas distributes source.In general, in kitchen waste compost process foul smell mainly from a gaseous form with the pollution of percolate form.Therefore the generation of repugnant substance in kitchen waste compost process and release characteristic and measure of control are studied, and the emission-reduction technology of percolate, for improving rubbish from cooking treatment process and reduction compost cost has important practical significance.
Both at home and abroad for ozone Control and the process main employing dystopy method of composting plant, the foul smell of composting plant is carried out centralized collection and then processes in supporting stench processing system.Secondly treatment process comprises zinc cation, biofiltration and adds biological deodorant, also has absorption, absorbs, photochemistry and electrochemical method, and applying maximum is exactly bioremediation.Do not suppress from source due to these treatment processs or reduce the discharge of repugnant substance, therefore often cause treatment effect not good, also exist simultaneously and invest problem that is large, fluctuation of service, the most important does not control the indirect foul smell emission source with percolate form.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of co-induction agent for kitchen waste compost deodorizing, suppresses the discharge of repugnant substance from source, invest little, processing efficiency is high.The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
For a co-induction agent for kitchen waste compost deodorizing, the component of described co-induction agent comprises: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material, alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material; The addition of described component is: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material 8%-12%, alkaline compound 1%-3%, Silver Nitrate 0.05%-0.1%, zinc nitrate 0.5%-1.0%, porous particle thing 1.0%-2.0%, potassium permanganate 0.6%-1.0%, source of iron material 1.0%-2.0%, wherein the addition of plant-sourced fibers adsorption material with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, the addition of all the other components with the total mass of rubbish from cooking and plant-sourced fibers adsorption material for benchmark.
Further, described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material is one or more in maize straw, sawdust, edible fungi residues and grain straw, and the particle diameter of described maize straw and grain straw is less than 2cm.
Further, described alkaline compound be in magnesium hydroxide, copper hydroxide, ironic hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, zinc hydroxide any one.
Further, described source of iron material be in rhombohedral iron ore, iron(ic) chloride, iron carbonate, iron protocarbonate any one.
Further, described porous particle thing be in activated alumina, silica gel, diatomite, cyclodextrin, montmorillonite any one.
For an application method for the co-induction agent of kitchen waste compost deodorizing, comprise following concrete steps:
1) described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material to be added in rubbish from cooking and to stir, obtaining plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture;
2) calculate the addition of described alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material according to described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture total mass, add the alkaline compound of Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate, source of iron material and 1/2 addition in described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture to be uniformly mixed further obtaining hybrid composting material;
3) described hybrid composting material is placed in composting device carries out compost treatment;
4) again residue 1/2 alkaline compound is added to when compost carries out turning process after one week after being uniformly mixed in described hybrid composting material and proceed compost treatment.
Further, step 3) and step 4) composting treatment process ventilate, and ventilation is 0.3 ~ 0.4m
3/ h, adopts the mode of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, and logical 30 ~ 45min, stops 15 ~ 25min, and turning 1 time weekly in composting treatment process, the compost treatment cycle is 28 ~ 32d.
Further, the water ratio of described rubbish from cooking is 65 ~ 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 60 ~ 70%.
The formation mechenism of the present invention's representative malodor material from garbage compost process, brings out typical gaseous state repugnant substance (H by improving
2s and NH
3) reaction environment of the sulphate reducing bacteria that discharges and nitrate reduction bacterium and activity, and the complexing action etc. of foul gas and metal ion reduces the discharge of repugnant substance; By the odor pollution that the absorption adsorption of agricultural crop straw etc. avoids the indirect malodorous discharge source (percolate) of garbage compost to cause.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) compared with compost independent with rubbish from cooking, the process of inductor of the present invention is added, the direct emission source H of its gaseous state foul smell
2s accumulation quantity discharged reduces discharging can reach 94%, and ammonia reduces discharging can reach 53%;
2) distinguish that result adds the requirement substantially reaching odorless after co-induction agent of the present invention composting process from smelling, and rubbish from cooking also has obvious stink separately at the end of compost;
3) percolate produced in the independent composting process of rubbish from cooking is 25.6% of compost material fresh weight, and after adding co-induction agent of the present invention, composting process produces without percolate, avoids the discharge of the indirect odor source caused thus;
4) the present invention is by the control to foul gas, also improve the nutrient content of composting production N and S element, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, in the present invention, the interpolation of inductor makes the N element of composting production and S constituent content improve more than 40% and 60% respectively;
5) the present invention is simple to operate, easy, not only achieve the reduction of discharging of indirect foul smell emission source (percolate) and direct foul smell emission source in liquid form in kitchen waste compost process simultaneously, foul smell improves the nutrient content of composting production while reducing discharging, and also promotes the recycling of agricultural wastes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the percolate production rate (embodiment 3) in kitchen waste compost process;
Fig. 2 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour (embodiment 3) of S;
Fig. 3 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour (embodiment 3);
Fig. 4 is the percolate production rate (embodiment 4) in kitchen waste compost process;
Fig. 5 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour (embodiment 4) of S;
Fig. 6 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour (embodiment 4);
Fig. 7 is the percolate production rate (embodiment 5) in kitchen waste compost process;
Fig. 8 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour (embodiment 5) of S;
Fig. 9 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour (embodiment 5).
Embodiment
embodiment 1
For a co-induction agent for kitchen waste compost deodorizing, the component of described co-induction agent comprises: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material, alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material; The addition of described component is: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material 8%-12%, alkaline compound 1%-3%, Silver Nitrate 0.05%-0.1%, zinc nitrate 0.5%-1.0%, porous particle thing 1.0%-2.0%, potassium permanganate 0.6%-1.0%, source of iron material 1.0%-2.0%, wherein the addition of plant-sourced fibers adsorption material with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, the addition of all the other components with the total mass of rubbish from cooking and plant-sourced fibers adsorption material for benchmark.
Described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material is one or more in maize straw, sawdust, edible fungi residues and grain straw, and the particle diameter of described maize straw and grain straw is less than 2cm.Be preferably maize straw, mainly make use of maize straw inner classes and can absorb percolate in rubbish from cooking like the xylogen of sponge in a large number, the interpolation of maize straw simultaneously also improves the carbon content of kitchen waste compost material, alleviates the problem that rubbish from cooking C/N too much loses than the compost N element of too low initiation.The conbined usage assimilation effect of sawdust and edible fungi residues and maize straw is also relatively good.The stalk that particle diameter is less than 2cm just can play better adsorption, and particle diameter is excessive can not be reached effective with rubbish from cooking and mix.
It is the percolate absorbing compost that maize straw more acts on, and avoids, with the discharge of the foul gas of percolate form, providing carbon source to compost material simultaneously, improves composting C/N, reduces compost nitrogen loss.The effect of other chemical additives is mainly to the control of the foul gas of gaseous form, and the comprehensive action of chemical additive achieves H
2s and NH
3while reduce discharging.So use the reduction of discharging that could realize foul gas in kitchen waste compost process more thoroughly while only having maize straw and other chemical material.N, S nutrient content of composting production is also improved by the reduction of discharging of foul gas.
Described alkaline compound be in magnesium hydroxide, copper hydroxide, ironic hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, zinc hydroxide any one.Due to H in composting process
2the build environment of S belongs to acid, and the object of adding alkaline matter improves the sour environment of compost, reduces H by the improvement of environment
2the discharge of S.But the alkaline environment in composting process can promote NH again
3discharge, therefore this research select alkaline compound as inductor, be preferably magnesium hydroxide.
Described source of iron material be in rhombohedral iron ore, iron(ic) chloride, iron carbonate, iron protocarbonate any one.In co-induction agent, the interpolation of source of iron material mainly provides iron ion, and be preferably rhombohedral iron ore, rhombohedral iron ore effect is the Fe utilized in rhombohedral iron ore
2o
3, Fe
3+fe can be reduced in anaerobic zone
2+, Fe
2+and S
2-reaction generates FeS, thus reduces H
2the discharge of S.Also achieve the recycling of rhombohedral iron ore simultaneously.
Described porous particle thing be in activated alumina, silica gel, diatomite, cyclodextrin, montmorillonite any one.Be preferably activated alumina, its porous particles, specific surface area is large, and adsorptivity is strong, and the present invention mainly utilizes the adsorptivity of activated alumina to gas to realize foul smell and reduces discharging.
H in composting process
2the formation of S mainly microorganism sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) utilizes various organic matter or hydro carbons to carry out sulphate reducing, under dissimilation, directly form hydrogen sulfide.And nitrate reduction bacterium (NRB) and SRB belong to the relation of machine-processed Competitive assays.Therefore the present invention adds the object of Silver Nitrate and zinc nitrate is add nitrate in compost material, easier replacement sulfur hydrochlorate is more energetically become electron acceptor(EA) by nitrate, this can impel the rapid hyperplasia diffusion of NRB, and when competing living space and matrix with SRB, reduces H
2the discharge of S.In addition the silver ions in Silver Nitrate, the zine ion of zinc nitrate and ammonium radical ion have powerful complexing action, generate silver-colored ammonium complex compound and zinc ammonium complex, this also reduces NH in composting process
3discharge.
In co-induction agent, the effect of potassium permanganate mainly oxidisability, makes H by oxidisability
2s changes the material of odorless into.
embodiment 2
For an application method for the co-induction agent of kitchen waste compost deodorizing, the component of described co-induction agent comprises: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material, alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material; The addition of described component is: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material 8%-12%, alkaline compound 1%-3%, Silver Nitrate 0.05%-0.1%, zinc nitrate 0.5%-1.0%, porous particle thing 1.0%-2.0%, potassium permanganate 0.6%-1.0%, source of iron material 1.0%-2.0%, wherein the addition of plant-sourced fibers adsorption material with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, the addition of all the other components with the total mass of rubbish from cooking and plant-sourced fibers adsorption material for benchmark.
Comprise following concrete steps:
1) described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material to be added in rubbish from cooking and to stir, obtaining plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture;
2) calculate the addition of described alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material according to described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture total mass, add the alkaline compound of Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate, source of iron material and 1/2 addition in described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture to be uniformly mixed further obtaining compost mixture;
3) described compost mixture is placed in composting device carries out compost treatment;
4) again residue 1/2 alkaline compound is added to when compost carries out turning process after one week after being uniformly mixed in described compost mixture and proceed compost treatment.
Step 3) and step 4) composting treatment process ventilate, and ventilation is 0.3 ~ 0.4m
3/ h, adopts the mode of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, and logical 30 ~ 45min, stops 15 ~ 25min, and turning 1 time weekly in composting treatment process, the compost treatment cycle is 28 ~ 32d.
The water ratio of described rubbish from cooking is 65 ~ 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 60 ~ 70%.
Therefore this research selects alkaline compound as inductor, and its alkalescence effect is soft and release is slow.Simultaneously in order to make the alkalescence effect of inductor realize slowly-releasing further, add so add gradation stage by stage, it is when compost material is puddled that first time adds, the environmental improvement of acid phase is produced for the compost initial stage (0-3d), owing to taking the force ventilated composting process in bottom, the material of fermenter base decomposes fully and material is more dry, and the material at top is wetter, material decomposes abundant not, is unfavorable for the carrying out of compost like this.Turning process makes material fully mix further on the one hand, improve the air permeability of compost material on the one hand, the fast decoupled of having an opportunity fully do not decomposed after carrying out turning, will consume a large amount of oxygen like this makes heap body oxygen deficiency also can form sour environment, is therefore added in compost material by second half magnesium hydroxide when turning.
embodiment 3
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: maize straw 8%, magnesium hydroxide 1%; Silver Nitrate 0.05%, zinc nitrate 0.5%, activated alumina 1.0%, potassium permanganate 0.6%, rhombohedral iron ore 1.0%, wherein the adding proportion of maize straw is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and maize straw mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and maize straw, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 magnesium hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.33m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 40min, stops 20min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 65%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 60%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
(1) production rate of percolate in composting process: Fig. 1 is the percolate production rate (WM: based on wet basis) in kitchen waste compost process, can find out that the production rate of the 1st day percolate at compost is maximum, for 0.09kg/kgWM, the raw percolate 10.999kg of common property in whole kitchen waste compost process, account for 25.6% of compost material weight in wet base, compost substantially no longer produced percolate after 20 days.By adding the co-induction agent of maize straw, magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore in rubbish from cooking, in composting process, do not produce percolate, it also avoid the foul smell discharge in percolate stacking, collection and treating processes thus.
(2) H in composting process
2the quantity discharged of S: Fig. 2 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour of S, obviously can find out, interpolation inductor significantly reduces and is in H in garbage compost process
2the quantity discharged of S, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 93.6%.
(3) NH in composting process
3quantity discharged: Fig. 3 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour, can find out, the NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 52.3%.
(4) from smelling N, S nutrient content distinguishing result and final composting production: the requirement substantially reaching odorless after adding co-induction agent composting process, and obvious stink at the end of rubbish from cooking to compost, is also had; By the control to foul gas, also improve the nutrient content of composting production N and S element, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of inductor makes the N element of composting production and S constituent content improve 42.7% and 67.3% respectively.
embodiment 4
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: maize straw 10%, magnesium hydroxide 2%; Silver Nitrate 0.075%, zinc nitrate 0.75%, activated alumina 1.5%, potassium permanganate 0.8%, rhombohedral iron ore 1.5%, wherein the adding proportion of maize straw is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and maize straw mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and maize straw, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 magnesium hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.33m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 40min, stops 20min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 70%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 63%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
(1) production rate of percolate in composting process: Fig. 4 is the percolate production rate (WM: based on wet basis) in kitchen waste compost process, can find out that the production rate of the 1st day percolate at compost is maximum, for 0.09kg/kgWM, the raw percolate 10.999kg of common property in whole kitchen waste compost process, account for 25.6% of compost material weight in wet base, compost substantially no longer produced percolate after 20 days.By adding the co-induction agent of maize straw, magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore in rubbish from cooking, in composting process, do not produce percolate, it also avoid the foul smell discharge in percolate stacking, collection and treating processes thus.
(2) H in composting process
2the quantity discharged of S: Fig. 5 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour of S, obviously can find out, interpolation inductor significantly reduces and is in H in garbage compost process
2the quantity discharged of S, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 93.7%.
(3) NH in composting process
3quantity discharged: Fig. 6 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour, can find out, the NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 52.6%.
(4) from smelling N, S nutrient content distinguishing result and final composting production: the requirement substantially reaching odorless after adding co-induction agent composting process, and obvious stink at the end of rubbish from cooking to compost, is also had; By the control to foul gas, also improve the nutrient content of composting production N and S element, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of inductor makes the N element of composting production and S constituent content improve 43.7% and 68.4% respectively.
embodiment 5
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: maize straw 12%, magnesium hydroxide 3%; Silver Nitrate 0.1%, zinc nitrate 1.0%, activated alumina 2.0%, potassium permanganate 1.0%, rhombohedral iron ore 2%, wherein the adding proportion of maize straw is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and maize straw mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and maize straw, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 magnesium hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.33m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 40min, stops 20min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 66%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
(1) production rate of percolate in composting process: Fig. 7 is the percolate production rate (WM: based on wet basis) in kitchen waste compost process, can find out that the production rate of the 1st day percolate at compost is maximum, for 0.09kg/kgWM, the raw percolate 10.999kg of common property in whole kitchen waste compost process, account for 25.6% of compost material weight in wet base, compost substantially no longer produced percolate after 20 days.By adding the co-induction agent of maize straw, magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore in rubbish from cooking, in composting process, do not produce percolate, it also avoid the foul smell discharge in percolate stacking, collection and treating processes thus.
(2) H in composting process
2the quantity discharged of S: Fig. 8 is H in two kinds of composting treatment process
2the emission behaviour of S, obviously can find out, interpolation inductor significantly reduces and is in H in garbage compost process
2the quantity discharged of S, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 93.0%.
(3) NH in composting process
3quantity discharged: Fig. 9 is two kinds of compost treatment NH
3emission behaviour, can find out, the NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 52.6%.
(4) from smelling N, S nutrient content distinguishing result and final composting production: the requirement substantially reaching odorless after adding co-induction agent composting process, and obvious stink at the end of rubbish from cooking to compost, is also had; By the control to foul gas, also improve the nutrient content of composting production N and S element, compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of inductor makes the N element of composting production and S constituent content improve 44.0% and 67.6% respectively.
embodiment 6
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues (mass ratio 4:2:1) 12%, magnesium hydroxide 3%; Silver Nitrate 0.1%, zinc nitrate 1.0%, activated alumina 2.0%, potassium permanganate 1.0%, rhombohedral iron ore 2%, wherein the adding proportion of maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 magnesium hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, activated alumina, potassium permanganate and rhombohedral iron ore are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 magnesium hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.35m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 35min, stops 15min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 66%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
Compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 94%.
The NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 53%.
embodiment 7
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues (mass ratio 4:2:1) 12%, zinc hydroxide 3%; Silver Nitrate 0.1%, zinc nitrate 1.0%, montmorillonite 2 .0%, potassium permanganate 1.0%, iron(ic) chloride 2%, wherein the adding proportion of maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 zinc hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, montmorillonite, potassium permanganate and iron(ic) chloride are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and maize straw+sawdust+edible fungi residues, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 zinc hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.35m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 45min, stops 25min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 66%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
Compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 93.1%.
The NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 52%.
embodiment 8
At the enterprising one-step optimization in basis of embodiment 1,2, limit concrete parameter.
The sealed fermenting tank of experiment employing 2 60L as composting device, with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking as a control group, to add the kitchen waste compost of co-induction agent as test group.Wherein, the proportioning of co-induction agent: sawdust+edible fungi residues (mass ratio 2:1) 12%, ironic hydroxide 3%; Silver Nitrate 0.1%, zinc nitrate 1.0%, diatomite 2.0%, potassium permanganate 1.0%, iron protocarbonate 2%, wherein the adding proportion of sawdust+edible fungi residues is with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, and the addition of all the other materials is for benchmark with the wet basis total mass of rubbish from cooking and sawdust+edible fungi residues mixture.
Rubbish from cooking and maize straw first fully mix by experiment, then fully mixed 1/2 ironic hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, diatomite, potassium permanganate and iron protocarbonate are added to fully mixing further in the mixture of mixed rubbish from cooking and sawdust+edible fungi residues, finally mixture is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment.Compost proceeds compost treatment after residue 1/2 ironic hydroxide being added in compost material to fully mixing when carrying out turning process after one week again.Composting process ventilation is 0.33m
3/ h, adopt the mode (logical 40min, stops 20min) of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, the water ratio of rubbish from cooking is 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 66%.Turning 1 time weekly in process of banking up, composting cycle is 30d, and every day gathers gaseous sample from fermentor tank top vent, measures whole composting period H
2s and NH
3, stench intensity is smelt simultaneously and distinguishes analysis.
The foul smell discharge of simulation mass-producing composting plant, and in composting process, the degree mainly through following index is evaluated foul smell discharge and reduced discharging: the production rate of liquid percolate, gaseous state H
2s and NH
3quantity discharged, the sense of smell resolution of stench intensity, N, S constituent content of composting production.
Compared with the independent compost of rubbish from cooking, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the H in composting process
2s total emission volumn reduces 92%.
The NH of the independent compost of rubbish from cooking
3quantity discharged is higher than the process adding inductor, and in whole composting process, the interpolation of co-induction agent makes the NH in composting process
3accumulation total emission volumn reduces 51%.
Claims (8)
1. for a co-induction agent for kitchen waste compost deodorizing, it is characterized in that: the component of described co-induction agent comprises: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material, alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material; The addition of described component is: plant-sourced fibers adsorption material 8%-12%, alkaline compound 1%-3%, Silver Nitrate 0.05%-0.1%, zinc nitrate 0.5%-1.0%, porous particle thing 1.0%-2.0%, potassium permanganate 0.6%-1.0%, source of iron material 1.0%-2.0%, wherein the addition of plant-sourced fibers adsorption material with rubbish from cooking wet basis quality for benchmark, the addition of all the other components with the total mass of rubbish from cooking and plant-sourced fibers adsorption material for benchmark.
2. co-induction agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material is one or more in maize straw, sawdust, edible fungi residues and grain straw, and the particle diameter of described maize straw and grain straw is less than 2cm.
3. co-induction agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described alkaline compound be in magnesium hydroxide, copper hydroxide, ironic hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, zinc hydroxide any one.
4. co-induction agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described source of iron material be in rhombohedral iron ore, iron(ic) chloride, iron carbonate, iron protocarbonate any one.
5. co-induction agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described porous particle thing be in activated alumina, silica gel, diatomite, cyclodextrin, montmorillonite any one.
6. the application method of the co-induction agent in claim 1 ~ 5 described in any one, is characterized in that: comprise following concrete steps:
Described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material to be added in rubbish from cooking and to stir, obtaining plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture;
Calculate the addition of described alkaline compound, Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate and source of iron material according to described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture total mass, add the alkaline compound of Silver Nitrate, zinc nitrate, porous particle thing, potassium permanganate, source of iron material and 1/2 addition in described plant-sourced fibers adsorption material and rubbish from cooking mixture to be uniformly mixed further obtaining hybrid composting material;
Described hybrid composting material is placed in composting device and carries out compost treatment;
Compost again residue 1/2 alkaline compound is added to when carrying out turning process after one week be uniformly mixed in described hybrid composting material after proceed compost treatment.
7. the application method of co-induction agent according to claim 6, is characterized in that: step 3) and step 4) composting treatment process ventilate, and ventilation is 0.3 ~ 0.4m
3/ h, adopts the mode of forcing the oxygen supply of intermittent aeration mode, and logical 30 ~ 45min, stops 15 ~ 25min, and turning 1 time weekly in composting treatment process, the compost treatment cycle is 28 ~ 32d.
8. the application method of co-induction agent according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the water ratio of described rubbish from cooking is 65 ~ 75%, and the water ratio of hybrid composting material is 60 ~ 70%.
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| CN113831177A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-24 | 安徽国祯环卫科技有限公司 | Preparation and application methods of humus for secondary composting of kitchen waste |
| CN115259921A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽国祯环卫科技有限公司 | Combined composting process of saturated deodorant material and kitchen garbage |
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