CN105379111B - Integrated circuit, wireless communication unit and for providing the method for power supply - Google Patents
Integrated circuit, wireless communication unit and for providing the method for power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN105379111B CN105379111B CN201480038537.5A CN201480038537A CN105379111B CN 105379111 B CN105379111 B CN 105379111B CN 201480038537 A CN201480038537 A CN 201480038537A CN 105379111 B CN105379111 B CN 105379111B
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
- H03F3/245—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages with semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
- H03F1/0216—Continuous control
- H03F1/0233—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the output signal, e.g. bootstrapping the voltage supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3247—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits using feedback acting on predistortion circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/555—A voltage generating circuit being realised for biasing different circuit elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of integrated circuit is described for providing power supply to radio-frequency power amplifier.The integrated circuit includes low-frequency power path, includes switching regulator；High frequency electric source path, the output voltage of the AC-battery power source for adjusting output end of the integrated circuit for coupling load, wherein the AC-battery power source is provided by the low-frequency power path and the high frequency electric source path；Wherein, the high frequency electric source path includes: amplifier, includes Voltage Feedback, and the amplifier is used to drive the power supply signal in the high frequency electric source path；And high-frequency path power supply unit, the amplifier is driven for providing high frequency electric source, wherein, the high-frequency path power supply unit includes pulse-width modulator, the pulse-width modulator is operatively coupled to the high frequency electric source by filter, and for providing filtered pulse width modulating signal to the high frequency electric source path.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to for wireless communication unit, for providing the transmitter framework and circuit of power supply.The present invention is available
In, but be not limited to, the power IC and wireless communication unit of linear transmitter and corresponding power amplifier power supply side
Method.
[background technique]
Principal concern and application of the invention is can be in radio-frequency power amplifier used in wireless communications application
(radio frequency power amplifier).Lasting load is on the limited frequency spectrum that can be used for RF communication system
Pressure force spectrum efficiency linear modulation scheme (spectrally-efficient linear modulation
Schemes development).Since the envelope (envelope) of a large amount of linear modulation schemes fluctuates, cause to be transferred to being averaged for antenna
Power is lower than maximum power actually significantly, has thereby resulted in the poor efficiency of power amplifier.Particularly, in this field,
Have a large amount of research work to have the ability for developing in area rollback (back-off) (linear (linear)) of power amplifier
Domain provides high performance efficient topological structure.
In order to minimize the unexpected out-of-band radiation (out- for coming from spectral re-growth (spectral re-growth)
Of-band emission), linear modulation scheme needs to carry out Linear Amplifer to modulated signal.However, typical radio frequency amplification
Active device used in device (active devices) is substantially non-linear (non-linear).Only and if only if very
When direct current (DC power) conversion (transformed into) that small a part is consumed is radio-frequency power, amplifying device
Transmission function (transfer function) can level off to straight line, that is, under ideal linear amplifier situation.This
The mode of operation (mode of operation) of sample provides the inefficient conversion of direct current to radio-frequency power, therefore cannot be by just
Formula (user) wireless communication unit is taken to be received.In addition, the poor efficiency is also regarded as to throw into question to base station.
Further, the service life for focusing on increasing battery of portable (user) equipment.To obtain the linearity simultaneously
(linearity) and efficiency (efficiency), so-called linearization technique be used to improve the amplifier classification of higher efficiency
The linearity of (such as ' AB ' class, ' B ' class or ' C ' class A amplifier A).Existing various linearization techniques, for example, flute card
You feed back (Cartesian Feedback), feedover (Feed-forward), self-adapted pre-distortion (Adaptive Pre-
Distortion), these linear techniques are commonly used in design linear transmitter (transmitter).
The voltage of the output end of linear amplifier (for example, AB class) is generally according to final radio-frequency power amplifier equipment
It is required that and setting.Under normal conditions, the minimum voltage of the power amplifier can be significantly greater than the output of the amplifier of AB class
Voltage required by circuit.Therefore, they are not most effective amplifying techniques.Due to the minimal power of the power amplifier
The requirement of voltage (supply voltage) (Vmin), the efficiency of the transmitter (mainly power amplifier) is by the output
Any overvoltage (excess voltage) on the voltage at equipment both ends, and any pull-down device element is determined.
For the transmission bit rate for promoting uplink communication channel, including amplitude modulation (amplitude modulation, AM)
The bigger constellation modulation scheme (constellation modulation schemes) of element is studied, in fact, becoming
Demand.These Regulation mechanisms, such as the quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) of 16 bits, need using linear power amplifier
(Power Amplifier, PA), and the high wave crest with modulation envelope waveform (modulation envelope waveform)
(crest) factor (that is, degree of fluctuation) is related.This and constant envelope modulation mechanism (constant usually used before
Envelope modulation schemes) it is contrasted, and lead to the significant decrease of power efficiency and the linearity.
To overcome above-mentioned efficiency and linearity problems, a large amount of solution is proposed.A kind of technology used is related to adjusting
The supply voltage (supply voltage) of power amplifier processed matches the radio frequency function that the radio-frequency power amplifier is transmitted
The envelope of rate waveform.Envelope modulation (Envelope modulation) needs provide the feedback signal from power amplifier
To at least one control port of amplifier.The scheme of envelope modulation technology that is had been provided used include: envelope eliminate with it is extensive
Multiple (Envelope Elimination And Restoration, EER) and envelope-tracking (Envelope Tracking, ET).
The two schemes are required to the power end of the power amplifier (supply port) using broadband power supply signal.
It is well known that being passed in peak value average power ratio (peak-to-average power ratio, PAPR) high power
Under the conditions of defeated, the efficiency and the linearity of power amplifier can be improved simultaneously using the tracking of power amplifier power supply RF envelope.Fig. 1
Describing the diagram of two kinds of optional technologies, the first technology provides fixed-voltage power supply 105 and gives power amplifier PA, and second
In kind technology, power amplifier power supply voltage modulated is to track the RF envelope waveform 115.The modulation no matter being amplified
What the person's character of radio frequency waveform afterwards is, in fixed power source scheme, has used additional power amplifier power supply voltage margin
110 (also therefore being potentially wasted).However, in the scheme of power amplifier power supply voltage-tracing RF envelope waveform 115,
Additional power amplifier power supply voltage margin 120 can be lowered by modulating the power supply of the radio-frequency power amplifier, because
This, allows the power amplifier power supply accurately to track instant RF envelope.
It is well known that switched-mode power supply (Switched-Mode Power Supply, SMPS) technology can be used for providing
Improved efficiency.Switched-mode power supply is the power supply of electronics, is integrated with switching regulator (switching
Regulator) to have high efficiency when electric energy is converted.Similar with other power supplys, switched-mode power supply is by power (power)
It is transferred to load end (for example, Power Amplifier Unit) from source (for example, battery of wireless communication unit), changes simultaneously voltage
And current characteristics.Switched-mode power supply commonly used in efficiently providing modulated output voltage, the usual output voltage with it is defeated
Enter voltage with different level.Unlike linear power supply (linear power supply), switched-mode power supply leads to
Road transistor is switched fast between standard-sized sheet (full-on) and cut-off (full-off) state, thus can be by the wave of power
Take minimum.Voltage, which is adjusted, to be realized by changing the time scale of open state (" on ") and off status (" off ").With this
On the contrary, linear power supply must waste additional voltage to adjust output.High efficiency is the main advantage of switched-mode power supply.It is needing
When wanting the power supply of higher efficiency, smaller size or lighter weight, switching regulator is used to substitution linear voltage regulator.But
It is that switching regulator is increasingly complex, if do not inhibited well, the switching current of switching regulator electrically makes an uproar generation
Sound, and simply designing will be with very poor power factor (PF).
The opposite schematic diagram 200 of input power 210 Yu output power 205 has been illustrated in Fig. 2, when the electricity of power amplifier
Source (drain electrode) voltage (drain voltage) is modulated to excellent using after envelop following technology, can get various functions
Gesture and operational advantage.By the instant RF envelope 115 of power supply (drain electrode) voltage-tracing of enabled power amplifier, in amplitude modulation-
It is constant in the range of amplitude modulation (Amplitude Modulation to Amplitude Modulation, AM-AM) curve 220
At gain (constant gain) 215, power amplifier can keep moderate compression.With the power supply electricity for not allowing power amplifier
The technology that pressure tracks the instant RF envelope of the power amplifier is compared, right in order to which transmitter obtains the identical linearity
The tracking (using envelope-tracking) of the supply voltage of the instant RF envelope 115 allows higher output power ability 225.
Further, envelope-tracking Figure 200 can also be considered as, the framework phase with the gain using the power amplifier with fixed power source
Than that power amplifier gain can be supported to decay using envelope-tracking 230.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this is mainly by function
The characteristic of rate amplifier itself and when for envelope-tracking selection operation environment the operating point of the power amplifier function
Caused by (function of the operation point).
Therefore, compared with the power amplifier gain for using fixed power amplifier power supply voltage, envelope-tracking is used
The gain of technology power amplifier obtained will be contracted by 230.For peak value average power ratio environment, envelop following technology
It can also support efficient gain potential.In addition, power amplifier is operable in lower temperature for identical output power
Under, it thus can reduce thermal loss and increase efficiency.But it will also be appreciated that, envelop following technology requires high efficiency, high bandwidth
Power supply modulator (supply modulator) and RF envelope is accurately tracked, therefore, is difficult reality in practice
It is existing.
Fig. 3 has been illustrated required when power amplifier power supply (drain electrode) voltage is modulated to using envelop following technology
Frequency 310 and Power Spectral Density (power spectral density, PSD) 305 opposite schematic diagram 300.Fig. 3 is also lifted
Example illustrates frequency 360 and amplitude modulation power (integrated amplitude modulated power's) 355
Opposite schematic diagram 350.Power Spectral Density illustrates some public characteristics of different modulation situations, it may for example comprise most of
Energy low frequency range (low-frequency region), and must 4-8MHz reproduce high frequency region (high-
frequency region).As shown, two kinds of energy areas are separated by another region, which is substantially covered
The range of 10KHz-400KHz, and including seldom energy.
In view of this, needing improved power IC, wireless communication unit and using linear and efficient transmission
Rack structure is come the method for controlling the supply voltage of power amplifier, and particularly, needing one kind can be in a manner of energy-efficient
The broadband power supply structure of (power efficient manner) offer supply voltage.
[summary of the invention]
Therefore, the present invention try hard to mitigate, mitigate or eliminate in above mentioned one or more disadvantages some or
Their combination.As described in appended claims, the present invention provides integrated circuit and wireless communication unit.
Each aspect of the present invention will will be apparent from joining the embodiment that will be described and referring to being described below
Embodiment be illustrated.
Next detailed according to various figures and after illustrating described preferred embodiment, the present invention having read
Various aspects should be apparently for those skilled in the art.
[Detailed description of the invention]
In more detail, each aspect of the present invention and embodiment will be described with the embodiment according to attached drawing.In order to simple
With it is succinct, element in figure is not drawn according to ratio.For easy understanding, reference number symbol has been included in accordingly
Diagram in.
The attached drawing of Fig. 1 description, which illustrates, provides fixed-voltage power supply to the first voltage technology and power of power amplifier
APS amplifier power supply voltage modulated is to track the second source technology of RF envelope.
Fig. 2 has been described in an illustrative manner when power amplifier power supply (drain electrode) voltage modulated is using envelop following technology
Obtainable various function and operation advantages afterwards.
Fig. 3 has been described in an illustrative manner when power supply (drain electrode) voltage modulated of power amplifier is using envelope-tracking skill
Postoperative Power Spectral Density (power spectral density, PSD) compares with frequency.
Fig. 4 describes one embodiment block diagram for being suitable for supporting the wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking.
Fig. 5 describes the box of the general embodiment of a part of the power circuit 500 of the send chain of wireless communication unit
Figure.
Fig. 6 describes one of the power circuit 600 for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The more detailed embodiment block diagram divided.
Fig. 7 describes the power supply unit for being suitable for supporting the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking and fixed drain electrode
Timing diagram.
Fig. 8 describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
The block diagram of further embodiment.
Fig. 9 still describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
Further embodiment block diagram.
Figure 10 still describes one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The block diagram for the further embodiment divided.
Figure 11 still describes one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The block diagram for the further embodiment divided.
Figure 12 still describes one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The block diagram for the further embodiment divided.
Figure 13 still describes one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The block diagram for the further embodiment divided.
Figure 14 still describes one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
The block diagram for the further embodiment divided.
Figure 15 describes the flow chart of one embodiment of envelope-tracking.
Figure 16 describes a kind of typical computer system that can implement signal processing function in an embodiment of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
The embodiment of the present invention will be according to wireless communication unit (for example, being used for third generation partner program (Third
Generation Partnership Project, 3GPPTM) user equipment) used in one or more integrated circuits
For be described.But to those skilled in the art, design of the invention can be used for any kind of integrated electricity
Road, wireless communication unit or the wireless transmitter for having benefited from the improved linearity and efficiency.In some embodiments of the present invention
In, the power supply of power amplifier (for a part of linear transmitter) is adjusted to wideband charged, which can be
Radio-frequency power amplifier provides the improved linearity and efficiency.Although the embodiment of the present invention is described about envelop following technology
Scheme, but actually present invention can be implemented in any transmitter framework.
In addition, though the embodiment of the present invention mainly describes the transmission to amplitude modulation waveforms, but actually this hair
It is bright to be directed to any waveform configuration, particularly, the waveform close to the frequency-portions of direct current can be all concentrated on for most of energy.
In addition, since the benefit of efficiency mainly (allows to provide using efficient switched-mode power supply with particular characteristic
The effect of more energy is achieved) broadband system it is related, the embodiment of the present invention is based primarily upon broadband linear transmission
Rack structure is described, but actually the embodiment of the present invention also may be implemented in narrow-band linear transmitter framework, for example, flute
Karr feeds back (Cartesian feedback) or self-adapted pre-distortion (adaptive pre-distortion).
In some embodiments of the invention, a kind of or multiple kinds of controlling mechanisms are provided for optimizing linear amplifier (example
Such as, class ab ammplifier) output DC level, which makes together with switched-mode power supply for radio-frequency power amplifier
With.For known envelope modulation/envelope-tracking system, crest factor (peak average ratio (the peak to of envelope waveform
Average ratio, PAR)) it can be more than 3dB, however the goal-setting of amplifier output voltage usually not more than VDD/2.?
In some embodiments of the present invention, used controlling mechanism, which may export electric current to linear amplifier (for example, AB class), to be had
The smallest overhead or no overhead.In addition, in some embodiments of the invention, the controlling mechanism is to offer
There is minimum influence to the switched-mode power supply of radio-frequency power amplifier or do not influence.
The structure that the present invention describes is used to provide a kind of modulator power supply for radio-frequency power amplifier, in a reality of the invention
It applies in example, which is the compound/AC-battery power source (composite/hybrid for being supplied to radio-frequency power amplifier
Supply), which includes switching mode and/or low frequency part and linear and/or high frequency section.Integrated circuit
Including low-frequency power path (low-frequency power supply path) and high frequency electric source path (high-
Frequency power supply path), wherein the low-frequency power path includes switching regulator (switching
Regulator), wherein combine low-frequency power path and high frequency electric source path to provide power to the integrated circuit jointly
For coupling the output end of load, in one embodiment, which can be the power end (supply of radio-frequency power amplifier
port).In some embodiments of the invention, which may include one or more integrated circuits and/or component, in addition also wrap
An amplifier core is included in high frequency electric source path drives power supply signal, wherein the amplifier core pericardium includes input
(input), which includes the Voltage Feedback from the output end.In some embodiments, switched-mode power supply is as one
A controlled current source, the switched-mode power supply voltage are controlled by Voltage Feedback.In addition, the voltage feedback loop ensures institute
State the voltage-tracing target reference voltage of load (for example, power end of the radio-frequency power amplifier), wherein the load
Voltage is the impedance interaction of the transient current of switched-mode power supply and the transient current of the amplifier and the load
Synthetic.The amplifier out AC coupled is to the power source path.Therefore, in this respect and in some realities of the invention
It applies in example, provides a kind of integrated circuit, which can provide linear and efficient after improving for power amplifier
Power supply, particularly, the integrated circuit can provide broadband supply voltage for power amplifier.
Referring initially to Fig. 4, it illustrates the wireless communication unit of one embodiment of the invention (sometimes, also referred to as bees
Moving user unit (Mobile Subscriber, MS) or 3GPP under nest communication environmentTMUser equipment under communication system
(User Equipment, UE)) block diagram.Wireless communication unit 400 includes antenna 402, and antenna 402 is more preferably coupled to duplex
Filter (duplex filter) or duplexer 404, duplexer 404 is for being isolated connecing inside wireless communication unit 400
Receive link and transmission link.
Receives link 410, as described in known technology, including receiver front end circuit 406 (effectively provides and receives, filters
(filtering) and the conversion of intermediate frequency or baseband frequency).The receiver front end circuit 406 is coupled to signal processing function
408.It (may include that display screen or flat square are shown that the output of signal processing function 408, which is supplied to corresponding user interface 430,
Device).Controller 414 is coupled to receiver front end circuit 406 and signal processing function 408 (usually passes through digital signal processor
To realize), which controls all subscriber units.The controller is further coupled to storage device 416, should
Storage device 416 selectively stores various operation mechanisms, such as decoding/encoding function, synchronous mode, code sequence, and
Similar function.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the storage device 416 stores modulation data and power data, for controlling power supply electricity
Press the envelope of the radio frequency waveform to track the output of wireless communication unit 400 and be handled by the signal processing function 408.Into
One step, timer (timer) 418 be operatively coupled to the controller 414 control it is each operation (signal of Time-Dependent
It sends or receives, and power amplifier (drain electrode) supply voltage in a perception wireless communication unit 400
Time-domain variation transmission in) time.
It substantially include user interface 430 about send chain (transmit chain), which can wrap
Key or touch screen are included, 428 coupled in series of signal processing function to transmitter/modulation circuit 422 is passed through.Transmitter/the tune
Input signal and modulation and up-conversion these signals of the processing of circuit 422 processed for transmission are radiofrequency signal, the radiofrequency signal
It is amplified in Power Amplifier Unit or integrated circuit 424.It is amplified by the Power Amplifier Unit or integrated circuit 424
Radiofrequency signal is passed to antenna 402.Transmitter/the modulation circuit 422, the power amplifier 424 and power amplifier electricity
Source voltage cell 425 responds the operation of the controller 414 respectively, at the same time, the power amplifier power supply voltage cell
425 are also responsive to replicate the envelope modulation wave from the transmitter/modulation circuit 422.
The signal processing function 428 in send chain can be entirely different with the processor 408 in reception chain.It is optional
It selects, as shown in figure 4, the processing that a processor can be used for implementing to send and receive signal simultaneously.In short, the channel radio
Various parts in letter unit 400 can be realized by unpack format or integration mode, therefore final structure is only one
The selection of a specific application or design.
In addition, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmitter/modulation circuit 422, together with the power amplifier
424, the power amplifier power supply voltage 425, the storage device 416, the timer 418 and the controller 414
It has been suitable for generating supply voltage and has been supplied to the power amplifier 424.For example, generating a supply voltage, the power supply
Voltage is suitable for broadband linear power amplifier, which is also used to track the Envelop waves of the power amplifier 424
Shape.
Referring now to Figure 5, which depict the substantially real of a part of the power circuit 500 of the send chain of wireless communication unit
Apply the block diagram of example.The wireless communication unit is, for example, the wireless communication unit in Fig. 4.Power circuit 500 in Fig. 5 has been used
In and/or suitable for support envelope-tracking.Radiofrequency signal 502 after the reception envelope modulation of power amplifier 424 is used as and will be put
Big input radio frequency signal.The power amplifier 424 amplifies the radiofrequency signal and exports an amplified envelope modulation
Radiofrequency signal afterwards is to antenna 402.As shown, the power amplifier 424 receives power supply from power IC 520.One
A energy source (power source), such as battery 508 are selectively coupled to the low frequency road in the power IC 520
Diameter power supply unit 518, in one embodiment, the low frequency path power supply unit 518 in a manner of highly effective for providing one
A low-frequency current 534 is as a part of power supply to the power amplifier 424.
The battery 508 is still alternatively coupled to high-frequency path power supply unit 506, in one embodiment, the high frequency
Path power supply unit 506 in a manner of highly effective for providing a power supply, such as a switched-mode power supply, to described linear
Amplifier 504.In an alternative embodiment, the high-frequency path power supply unit 506 can be skipped (by-passed), by
This, the linear amplifier 504 can be directly by the energy source, for example, the battery 508 is powered.The linear amplifier 504
Envelope signal 503 is received as the first input, the envelope signal 503 is input to the power amplifier 424 for tracking
The envelope of the radiofrequency signal 502.The linear amplifier 504 includes the second input, and reception is supplied to the power amplifier
The voltage 528 Voltage Feedback 510, it is described second input for control load voltage (for example, the power amplifier
424 power end).
The low frequency path power supply unit 518 receives the Voltage Feedback of the output 512 of coupling from the linear amplifier 504
Signal 514 is as input.The output 512 of the linear amplifier 504 is also coupled to the power amplifier by capacitor 533
The voltage of 424 power end.In one embodiment, the linear amplifier 504 is the configuration of AB class, provides voltage signal
Energy is to the output for not being the power IC 520 powered by the low frequency path power supply unit 518.
In one embodiment circuit, there are wrong poor amplifier (error in the low frequency path power supply unit 518
amplifier)529.The error amplifier 529 compares the voltage feedback signal 514 and a reference voltage 530
Compared with, and generate error voltage 531.In some embodiments, the error amplifier 529 further includes that frequency compensation is described to ensure
The stability of feedback loop.In some possible embodiments, the frequency compensation can have integral feature (integrating
Characteristic), so that the reference voltage 530 and the poor (time- of time average perceived between voltage 514
Averaged difference) tend to 0.Unity gain bandwidth (the unity-gain of the integrator (integrator)
Bandwidth it) can be restricted to be lower than other dynamic elements of the feedback loop in frequency, to guarantee stability.?
In an optional embodiment, according to imagination, frequency acquisition and tracking of the others for switching regulator can also be made by the present invention
With.In this way, an input of the error voltage 531 as pulse-width modulator 532, the pulse-width modulator 532
A low-frequency current 534 is provided to inductor 515.Such setting is usually used in switching regulator.In one embodiment, institute
Pulse-width modulator 532 is stated by the error voltage 531 and a periodic trigonometric with fixed ramp rate (ramp rate)
Wave is compared.The output compared is a pulse width modulating signal, can be used for generating the low-frequency current 534.
Under steady state conditions, a reactor, the low-frequency current 534 for being supplied to the power end of the power amplifier 424 can be enough to use
To provide DC current, while the offer alternating current of the linear amplifier 504.In this case, as previously mentioned, using voltage
Perception setting, promotes the monitoring (monitoring) to the output voltage 512 of the linear amplifier 504.The low frequency road
Diameter power supply unit is for maintaining the output voltage 512 of the linear amplifier that the amplifier can be made to operate in its expectation
Output voltage range level.The low frequency path power supply unit is realized by changing the grade of the output electric current 534
Maintenance to the level of the output voltage 512 of the linear amplifier.Current sensing can be used to change in some embodiments
It is apt to the response of the switching regulator.Therefore, the linear amplifier 504 is by second switch mode power (that is, high-frequency path is electric
Source unit 506) power supply (supply), at the same time, the output end exchange of the linear amplifier 504, which is coupled to, (passes through high frequency
Path coupling element 533) supply the output (that is, power end of the power amplifier 424) loaded.
Advantageously, the high frequency electric source signal communication is coupled to the integrated circuit 520 using institute's coupling capacitor 533
The output end allow stationary voltages operating point (the quiescent voltage at the output of the linear amplifier 504
Operating point) with power demands (supply requirement) uncoupling of the power amplifier 424
(decouple), so that closing rule using the voltage of the linear amplifier 504 and the power amplifier 424 requires (voltage
Compliance requirements) in difference.
The operation of Fig. 5 in order to better understand, it is believed that the AC-coupling capacitors 533 are stored with fixed charge
(charge), so that forming a fixed voltage Vcap, and the low frequency path is made to be in unactivated state (inactive).When
The linear amplifier 504 has output voltage Vamp, then will be Vamp+Vcap to the supply voltage of the power amplifier.
As the value Vampac that the output voltage of the linear amplifier 504 has average value Vampdc and changes over time, then to described
The supply voltage of power amplifier 424 will are as follows: Vampdc+Vampac+Vcap.
It therefore, will be Vcap+Vampdc, its maximum value to the average value of the supply voltage of the power amplifier 424
The maximum value of the Vampac will be added for Vcap+Vampdc, its minimum value will add the Vampac for Vcap+Vampdc
Minimum value.
By selecting suitable value for the level shift voltage (level shifting voltage) Vcap, can reduce
To the supply voltage of the linear amplifier 504, so that it only provides owning on the power amplifier power supply enough
The alternating voltage amplitude of oscillation, and the capacitor 533 is allowed to increase enough voltage to provide on the power amplifier power supply
Correct (correct) average voltage.It minimizes in this way to the supply voltage of the linear amplifier, and will
Power loss in the power supply modulator 520 falls below minimum.In order to which the mechanism suitably (properly) is acted on very
Real circuit, the low-frequency power 518 should be configured to maintain the voltage appropriate at the AC-coupling capacitors both ends.More
Embodiment describes in subsequent attached drawing, and how these attached drawings detailed description realizes this means.
The output that the embodiment of Fig. 5 has used control loop (control loop) to perceive the linear amplifier 504 is electric
Pressure, to control the electric current of the main SMPS.In this embodiment, the voltage at the ac coupling capacitor both ends passes through described in perception
The voltage of the output of linear amplifier 504 determines, the voltage of perception then with target voltage, and in the power
The voltage of amplifier load perception is compared, wherein it is described (poor that the voltage of the power amplifier load perception is fed back to
Point) linear amplifier 504, and be compared with the envelope reference signal 503.
Compared with SMPS couples directly to the situation of power amplifier load, when use SMPS is the confession of linear amplifier 504
Electricity has lower electricity to main source of energy (for example, battery 508) due to reducing the voltage supply requirement to linear amplifier 504
Stream consumption, therefore, causes the improvement of gross efficiency.In some embodiments, advantageously, in order to which the power supply for optimizing amplifier needs
It asks, Target Intensifier output voltage can be adjusted for different output power level and transmission modulation scheme.
The block diagram of the general embodiment of Fig. 5 has included at least will be duplicate following in the embodiment in Fig. 6-Figure 10
Common circuit member or component: the low-frequency power path for example realized by switching regulator；The high frequency driven by amplifier
Power source path, such as show the linear amplifier 504 of AB generic operation mode；From the output end of the linear amplifier 504 to institute
State the Voltage Feedback 514 of the switching regulator in low-frequency power path 518；From the power amplifier power supply voltage 528 described in
The linearly Voltage Feedback 510 of (for example, AB class) amplifier 504；And by the high frequency electric source path and the low-frequency power road
Diameter is couple to capacitor 533 (in some embodiments further including inductor 515) together.By using the capacitor (
Further include inductor 515 in some embodiments), by the low-frequency d power supply from the switching regulator 518 and institute can be come from
The high-frequency ac power for stating linear amplifier 504 is merged.
Therefore, Fig. 5 lists a kind of device for realizing wideband charged in a manner of energy-efficient.The power supply is for giving
It loads and power supply is provided, for example, giving radio-frequency power amplifier to provide power supply, and special, different bear can driven by providing
When carrying multiple power amplifiers of characteristic, efficient envelope-tracking power supply is obtained.Advantageously, the power supply can also be used to provide
The supply envelope of corresponding different modulating format.
Referring now to Figure 6, which depict the power supply of the send chain for the wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking electricity
The more detailed embodiment block diagram of a part on road 600.For easy understanding, in Fig. 5 use same numbers symbol member
The operation of part refers to Fig. 5, does not repeat to describe in Fig. 6.The usage mode and Fig. 5 of battery and high-frequency path power supply in Fig. 6
It is identical, but to put it more simply, their symbol is removed from Fig. 6.In Fig. 6, envelope voltage 602 is input into envelope adjustment
Unit (envelope conditioning module) 603.The envelope adjustment unit 603 for changing and limit envelope letter
Number characteristic, in some embodiments, the change and restriction may include one or more movements, such as:
(i) minimum value for meeting the power supply of requirement of the power amplifier is limited；
(ii) reduce the peak-to-peak voltage (peak-to-peak voltage) of the envelope signal for improving efficiency；
(iii) signal bandwidth of the envelope signal is limited；
(iv) any required gain and offset alignment are executed to the envelope signal；
(v) any signal formatting, such as the conversion between difference and single-ended expression are executed.
Inventors have recognized that when low output level, alternatively, specific modulation scheme and reduction
(reduced) when exchange content (AC content) is used together and leads to lower PAR envelope waveform, envelope-tracking power supply tool
There is limited effect.For such low output level and/or modulation scheme, as the power of the exchange content of the envelope is aobvious
Land reduction, and the DC voltage for being supplied to the power amplifier has bigger meaning, this makes envelope-tracking invalid and imitates
Rate performance gain reduction.Therefore, under these scenes, fixed drain electrode (fixed drain, FD) operation mode can make full use of institute
There is Switching Power Supply.Although the application of DC component (DC component) and AC compounent (AC component) passes through such as Fig. 6
It is described, according to imagination, these applications are also shared to other embodiments.
Therefore, in some embodiments of the invention, two kinds of operation modes, respectively envelope-tracking mode are supported
(envelope tracking, ET) and fixed drain electrode (fixed drain, FD) mode.It is selected by mode controlling unit 616
It selects for providing the mode of power supply to the power amplifier.
Envelope-tracking mode (ET mode):
In envelope-tracking mode, the power amplifier power supply is (the time varying) changed over time a letter
Number, signal envelope required by the power supply trace, to obtain the effect of discussed.
At least it can help to there are two operation factors (operational factors) using ET mode, respectively Gao Bo
Peak factor (high crest factor) signal (that is, peak average ratio is high position) and high output power levels, function
Power overhead (the power of the minimum voltage demand and alternate path (stationary power including the amplifier) of rate amplifier
Overhead) instead without so important.Therefore, in one embodiment, mode controlling unit 616 operates mould to envelope-tracking
The benefit of formula setting power supply forms the letter of high crest factor (high crest factor) envelope signal to modulation scheme is used
Number and output power range top half it is best.
Power-supply system is both needed to provide whole power spectrums in envelope-tracking mode and fixed drain electrode mode, that is, high frequency
Energy and low frequency energy.Envelope-tracking mode and fixed drain electrode mode provide low-frequency power using switched-mode power supply.So
And when handling high frequency requirements, envelope-tracking mode and fixed drain electrode mode sample different schemes.
In envelope-tracking mode, switch 614 is in " opening " state, linear amplifier 504 and high-frequency path power supply unit
506 are enabled (enabled), also, the envelope-tracking perceptible feedback input 514 of the low frequency path power supply unit 518 is selected
In.The linear amplifier 504 works in Voltage Feedback to make output voltage 528 practically equal to the envelope voltage after adjusting
503.The envelope-tracking perceptible feedback voltage 514 can be compared with a reference voltage, in one embodiment, the reference
Voltage is generated by digital analog converter (not shown).
Therefore, under the situation of envelope-tracking mode, AC-coupling capacitors 533 execute the function of DC level shifter
Can, and linear amplifier 504 provides high frequency electric source (high-frequency power).The dynamic route is used for high frequency electric source
(active path) allows out-put supply to track RF envelope (figure 120 as shown in figure 1), this has cut down power amplifier 424
Power loss (power dissipated).However, in envelope-tracking mode, due to high-frequency path power supply unit 506 and line
Property amplifier 504 must be powered on, therefore power loss at power supply unit may be bigger.
In envelope-tracking mode, the circuit of Fig. 6, which operative so that always, has a positive charge (for example, exporting 528
Voltage is greater than the output voltage 512 of amplifier) it is stored in capacitor 533.In this case, the output voltage 528 can exceed
The output area of linear amplifier 504.Power supply caused by high-frequency path power supply 506 needs enough voltage only to remain described
The AC amplitude (ac amplitude) of envelope voltage 602.In this way, the power loss in the linear amplifier can be minimum.
Voltage feedback loop including reverse phase section (inverting stage) 625 and low frequency path power supply 518 ensures linearly
The voltage at 533 both ends of the average output voltage of amplifier 504 and the AC-coupling capacitors maintains appropriate level.It is described
Reverse phase section 625 generates the complementary signal of the linear amplifier output voltage 512.The feedback voltage 514 passes through Multipexer
Multiplexer 628, the analog multiplexer 628 are used to carry out mode choosing between envelope-tracking mode and fixed drain electrode mode
It selects.The output of the analog multiplexer 628 is compared in error amplifier 529 with a reference voltage 530, then
Generate error voltage Verr531.
Such as fixed drain electrode mode, error amplifier 529 includes compensation to stablize the circuit.The compensation has low pass
Characteristic, this helps to filter out the high-frequency information being presented in feedback voltage 514.Also as fixed drain electrode mode, by comparing
The pulse-width modulator that device 630 and ramp voltage 631 are formed generates pulse width modulation power output 627.The power output
It is filtered by inductor to provide a coarse constant current to output 528.In some embodiments, inductor 622
Low-pass filter is formed with capacitor 533, which is used to search low in the power spectrum density of reference signal 530
Double pole (double pole) in energy range.In this case, feedback loop is run by this method to remain average
Amplifier output voltage 512 is equal to the reference voltage REF530.
Fixed drain electrode (FD) mode:
In fixed drain electrode mode, switch 614 is in " closed " state, the linear amplifier 504 and the high-frequency path
Power supply unit 506 is disabled (disabled), also, the fixed drain electrode perceptible feedback of the low frequency path power supply inputs 629 quilts
It chooses.In fixed drain electrode mode, the output 512 of the linear amplifier 504 is coupled to fixed drain electrode mode switch 614, this is solid
Surely drain electrode mode switch 614 is in closed state (for example, being configured by mode controlling unit 616), by the Linear Amplifer
The output of device 504 is grounded.In fixed drain electrode mode, the minimum voltage that power amplifier power supply is fixed on power amplifier 424 is needed
It asks, so that the period between power level upgrades supports the envelope waveform of transmission.
In fixed drain electrode mode, reconfigurable power supply is to use AC-coupling capacitors 533 as DC-DC switch mould
The filter element of formula power supply.In this case, high frequency needed for the AC-coupling capacitors 533 provide the power amplifier
Power supply.In fixed drain electrode mode, the linear amplifier and the high-frequency path modulator can be disabled to save power.Solid
Surely drain mode, and the power supply 528 of power amplifier is in higher level (with reference to the image 110 in Fig. 1), but the power supply
Quiescent current is relatively low.
In some embodiments, operation of the circuit under fixed drain electrode mode is similar to traditional voltage mode lowering and stabilizing blood pressure
Device (voltage-mode buck regulator).The fixed drain electrode perceptible feedback voltage 629 is multiple by a Multipexer
Use device.Then, the fixed drain electrode perception voltage 629 is compared with a reference voltage REF530, in one embodiment
In, the reference voltage REF530 is generated by the way that a digital-analog convertor is (not shown).The fixed drain electrode perception voltage
Difference between 629 and the voltage REF530 is amplified by differencing error amplifier 529, the differencing error amplifier
529 include the frequency compensation for loop stability.By comparator 630 by final error voltage Verr 531 and a slope
Voltage 631 is compared.
In some embodiments, the comparator 630 can be resetted (reset) by clock signal with the fixed cycle,
Therefore, rising edge can be generated with fixed frequency, at the same time, failing edge is also determined.For example, passing through the defeated of comparator 630
Out, it can produce a pulse width modulation power output 627.In some embodiments, the pulse width modulation power output
627 then to remove high fdrequency component and can generate out-put supply 528 by inductor 622 and the filtering of coupling capacitor 633.Institute
Feedback loop is stated to be used to maintain the voltage at the output 528 that it is made to can be equal to the input reference signal REF530.The configuration
It is commonly used for switched-mode power supply and is referred to as " voltage mode " control.
It is any of control voltage to be converted to duty ratio (duty about the selection of pulse-width-modulated mode
Cycle modulation scheme) can be used.
The conversion of envelope-tracking mode and fixed drain electrode mode:
As shown in the embodiment of the time diagram 700 of Fig. 7, the more detailed implementation of a part of the power circuit 600 in Fig. 6
One special feature of example is to support that from the fixed drain electrode pattern switching of first time period (for example, n-1) 705 be the second time
Section 710 (for example, n) envelope-tracking mode, and then from the envelope-tracking pattern switching of second time period 710 be third when
Between section 715 (for example, n+1) fixation drain electrode mode.Framework shown in fig. 6 ensures causing minimal consumption to power supply output 528
Under the premise of rapidly switched.Identical error voltage Verr531 is used for fixed drain electrode mode and envelope-tracking simultaneously
Mode, the error voltage ensure that duty ratio will not be observed apparent mutation in mode handover procedure.When from first
Between section (for example, n-1) 705 fixed drain electrode pattern switching be second time period 710 (for example, n) envelope-tracking mode, it is desirable to
The amplifier output 512 of the linear amplifier 504 is gradually varied to its final modulation voltage from ground voltage.In order to true
Protect this process, from the fixed drain electrode pattern switching of first time period (for example, n-1) 705 be second time period 710 (for example,
N) in envelope-tracking mode transition procedure, the D. C. value of the envelope voltage 503 after the adjusting with exchange value gradually from zero
Volt 720 ramps up the last value 725 for them.Opposite, when the envelope-tracking pattern switching from second time period 710
For the fixation drain electrode mode of third period 715 (for example, n+1), the D. C. value of the envelope voltage 503 after the adjusting with exchange
Value gradually falls to zero volt 720 from their steady state value 725.Believed by using such slope and conical envelopes
Number, the unexpected interference of the control loop can be removed, therefore, as shown in fig. 7, guaranteeing that power supply is in entire conversion process
In prescribed limit.
Fig. 8 describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
More detailed embodiment block diagram 800.The further embodiment of Fig. 8 highlights a kind of control low frequency path power supply 518
Optional mode.In order to make it easy to understand, and the description of Fig. 8 will not be made chaotic or diverging, after consideration after, it is attached with reference to before
Figure to the description of the component and circuit of send chain will not carry out again herein deeper into description.
According to imagination, in the embodiment of envelope-tracking mode of the invention and in the embodiment of fixed drain electrode mode,
Any number of control method can be used.For example, as shown in fig. 6, known voltage mode control method can be used.Fig. 8's
In embodiment, a current-mode feedback control loop includes element 801,802 and 630.Controlled in Current Mode and Based is for opening
The known method of voltage-stablizer is closed, and feedback control perceived by the electric current of inductor is in the method to be used to stablize the electricity
Stream.Voltage feedback loop is also used as voltage mode controller to control output voltage.Envelope-tracking voltage feedback loop includes member
Part 512,625,514,628,529,531,630 and 622.Fixed drain voltage feedback loop include element 629,628,529,
531,630 and 622.The advantages of current loop is added includes: compensation method needed for simplified voltage circuit, and can be quickly
Respond certain types of glitch.
In the embodiment in fig. 8, a traditional current-mode switched-mode power supply is used as low frequency path power supply.Electric current
The transient current of the monitoring inductor 622 of sensor 801.The electric current is converted to voltage by current-voltage converter 802.Institute
It states final voltage and is used as ramp voltage 631, which is compared by comparator 630 with error voltage 531
Compared with.Identical as the circuit of Fig. 6, the feedback loop of the present embodiment operates in fixed drain electrode mode and envelope-tracking mode simultaneously.
Fig. 9 describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
Further detailed embodiment block diagram 900.The further embodiment of Fig. 9 highlights a kind of realization current-mode feedback
Optional mode.In order to make it easy to understand, and the description of Fig. 9 will not be made chaotic or diverging, after consideration after, with reference to before
Attached drawing to the description of the component and circuit of send chain will not carry out again herein deeper into description.
In the circuit of Fig. 9, low frequency path power supply 518 includes two current sensing feed back inputs.Except inductor current passes
Except sensor 801, the output of linear amplifier 504 further includes a current sensor 901.One the second analog multiplexer
902 turn for carrying out selection between described two current sensing feed back inputs and sending the input of selection to current-voltage
Parallel operation 802.Such as Fig. 8, fixed drain electrode mode uses the current sensor 801 from low frequency path electric current.In envelope-tracking mould
Formula uses amplifier current sensor 901.Since amplifier provides high-frequency current, the output electric current of linear amplifier 504
It include the high-frequency information of the transient current consumed about power amplifier 424.Using the configuration, about the power amplification
The information of the current needs of device 424 can pass through the current loop feedback of the switched-mode power supply, the current loop feedback ratio
Voltage circuit has more high bandwidth.This indicates that, using the circuit of Fig. 9, the low frequency path Voltagre regulator can potentially faster
Ground responds the demand of the power amplifier.
Figure 10 describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
Further detailed embodiment block diagram 1000.In order to make it easy to understand, and the description of Figure 10 will not be made chaotic or diverging,
After after consideration, with reference to attached drawing before to the description of the component and circuit of send chain will not carry out again herein deeper into
Description.
Output 503 from envelope adjustment unit 603 is input to linear amplifier 1004.In Figure 10, including it is described
The device of the deferent segment of linear amplifier 1004 is explicitly shown as N-channel transistor 1001 and p channel transistor 1002.Figure 10's
Embodiment does not include that an independent switch is used to fixing drain electrode mode for the bottom of the coupling capacitor 627
(bottom plate) ground connection.Alternatively, the output device of the linear amplifier 1004 (is named as N-channel transistor
1001 and p channel transistor 1002) can be configured in two states.In envelope-tracking mode, two kinds of transistors/device is made
For a part of linear amplifier 1004.In fixed drain electrode mode, the N-channel transistor 1001 connects (switched on)
And the p channel transistor disconnects (switched off).In this case, the output close coupling of the linear amplifier 1004
To ground terminal, the switch of the embodiment before thus imitating.Although the present embodiment is described as through 1001 (example of N-channel transistor
Such as, a N-channel metal oxide semiconductor switch) it is grounded to be switched to, a more common situation can be to switch to one
A DC voltage, the DC voltage can be a supply voltage, and in this case, the p channel transistor 1002 need to be used.
It is fused in an element by that will amplify and be grounded conversion function, it may be advantageous to reduce the complexity of circuit.
It is described in an optional realization in order to use simultaneously and using the method for Fig. 8 and Figure 10 and the combination of framework
The N-channel MOS device of linear amplifier 1004 can be used together with a supplement switch (not shown).
Figure 11 describes a part for being suitable for supporting the power circuit of the send chain of wireless communication unit of envelope-tracking
Further detailed embodiment block diagram 1100.The embodiment of Figure 11 describes a kind of optionally realize for envelope-tracking
The method of the control loop of mode, fixes drain electrode control loop in this embodiment and the major part of envelope-tracking control loop is
It is mutually independent.This needs highly beneficial in some embodiments of different characteristics in described two control loops.For the ease of
Understand, and the description of Figure 11 will not be made chaotic or diverging, after consideration after, with reference to attached drawing before to the component of send chain and
The description of circuit will not carry out again herein deeper into description.
The envelope-tracking mode control loop of the circuit of Figure 11 includes the proportional integration independently of low frequency path voltage-stablizer
(proportional integral, PI) controller 1101.The PI controller 1101 includes current-voltage converter
(current-voltage, I/V) 1102, for the current information from the current sensor 901 to be converted to voltage.Also
Including difference amplifier (difference amplifier) 1103, for amplifying the output voltage of the linear amplifier 504
Difference between 512 and reference voltage REF_ET 1104.The reference voltage REF_ET 1104 indicates the linear amplifier 504
Desired average output voltage 512.The output of the difference amplifier 103 is carried out by integrator (integrator) 1105
Integral.Then, output voltage and the institute of the integrator 1105 are calculated by summation circuit (summation circuit) 1106
State the difference between the output voltage of current-voltage converter 1102.
The output voltage 1110 of the summation circuit 1106 indicates the transient state electricity of the output end of the linear amplifier 504
Stream, in addition a slowly varying parameter (term), the slowly varying parameter reacts the output electricity of the linear amplifier
Integral difference between pressure 512 and its desired value 1104.In this way, the output voltage 1110 can be directly as giving pulse width tune
The control voltage of device processed is supplied to coupling network to generate electric current appropriate.The analog multiplexer 1107 is by institute
It states voltage 1110 and passes to the comparator 630, the voltage 1110 and one are passed through into Multipexer by the comparator 630
The fixed voltage THR_ET of multiplexer 1109 is compared.
It is therefore seen that the difference of the more described two inputs 531 and 631 of comparator 630, in order to stabilize the circuit.This
In matter:
Input signal 631- input signal 531=Viab-Avg (Vabout-REF_ET)-THR_ET
Wherein, the Viab is the electric current for perceiving the output of the current-voltage converter 1102；And
Vabout indicates the AB class output 512 of the linear amplifier 504.
THR_ET voltage is selectable to any offset in pulverised (null out) described control loop, such as by involving
Limited offset caused by the electric current of (ripple through) inductor 622.Such as other embodiments, final pulse width
Modulating wave is used to control the electric current by the inductor 622.
In closed circuit (closed-loop) operation, the envelope-tracking mode control loop is intended to make the line
Property amplifier 504 average output voltage 512 be equal to desired value 1104.It is also tended to simultaneously when the linear amplifier
Output electric current more electric currents are provided when being high the transient state of the linear amplifier are made to export electricity by the low frequency path
Stream levels off to 0.
The operation of the fixed drain electrode mode control loop of the circuit of Figure 11 is identical as Fig. 8.Only difference is that simulation is more
The position of path multiplexer 1107 and 1109 in circuit.
In envelope-tracking framework so, if having maintained effective voltage headroom (voltage
Headroom), then the integrality of the wave crest (peaks) of Envelop waves must be maintained, and the trough (troughs) of the Envelop waves
Integrality is not crucial (critical).The trough of the wave is related with high voltage conversion ratio.Therefore, of the invention
In some embodiments, the brewed power supply 528 for being supplied to power amplifier 424 can be the Envelop waves after improvement, after the improvement
Envelop waves Envelop waves trough be tailored (clipped) or remove (removed), that is, the depth of the Envelop waves trough
Degree (depth) is reduced.High fdrequency component can be reduced from voltage wave by removing trough, at the same time, can increase the voltage wave
DC quantity.The concept will be referred to as " removing-trough " (de-troughing) subsequent.
Envelop waves trough corresponds to the period that the minimum output power of the power amplifier 424 occurs, therefore, the envelope
Cutting out or remove and (removing-trough) for the trough of wave influences minimum (or at least reduce to the power loss of entire power amplifier
).In fact, the operating space (operating region) of the power amplifier 424 causes in the power amplifier 424
It is middle show current sink (current sink) feature rather than the feature of resistor, and the electric current be the instantaneous power
Function.The power consumption of the linear amplifier 504 will be IacVamp, wherein Vamp is the power supply electricity of the amplifier
Pressure.
Electric current due to being supplied to the power amplifier 424 be substantially it is identical, go trough to increase power
The power loss of amplifier 424, but the voltage of the power end of the power amplifier is increased.However, due to removing trough
It applies in the position of minimum output power, therefore, influence is the smallest.Reference wave described in trough is gone to also reduce and high-frequency path
Relevant peak-to-peak voltage, therefore reduce the power demands of amplifier and improve the total effect of use of second switch mode power
Rate.
In this way, going trough to have the effect of reducing peak to peak value in the AC coupled framework of description waveform, increasing simultaneously
D. C. value, therefore, the power demands of the linear amplifier 504 reduce.In fact, due to being put from the high frequency electric source
The supply voltage of big device has efficiently reduced, and after successfully getting the increase from more effective switched-mode power supply in return
Low frequency energy, the additional efficiency at power amplifier power supply can be obtained from the efficiency after the increase in the low-frequency power path.
In one embodiment, in order to reduce the head room of the envelope signal and to the radio frequency of power amplifier 424
Performance has small or the smallest influence, and the envelope signal 602 for being supplied to the linear amplifier 504 can be by going trough to locate in advance
It manages (pre-conditioned).In some embodiments, by go trough pretreatment may include limit the minimum value of reference wave as
One so simple process of fixed value (for example, being the minimum voltage demand of the power amplifier load).Optionally, at it
In his embodiment, the minimum value can be related to the average value of the Envelop waves or root-mean-square value (rms value), for example, low
In the root-mean-square value 9dB.In one embodiment, be supplied to the envelope signal 602 of the linear amplifier 504 removes trough
It can be pre-processed additionally by filter.
In some embodiments, use ratio integral controller 1101 can show that a low-pass filter is rung in Figure 11
It answers, this may control to control loop and introduce additional delay.Finally, the additional delay can be for by using the ratio
The additional low-frequency pole (pole) that integral controller 1101 is introduced into the feedback path, may also influence circuit
Transient response phase margin (phase margin).In this case, the embodiment of Figure 12 describes a kind of extraction and locks
Deposit the solution of the quiescent point (dc operating point) of the linear amplifier 504.
Therefore, Figure 12 describes the one of the power circuit for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking
Partial more detailed embodiment block diagram 1200.In this embodiment, envelope-tracking unit IC 1205 is described, and
The selected part input/output/control needle come out.Skilled person will appreciate that the phase with the component and function
With IC design be provided to before structure chart.
In envelope-tracking mode, the second switch mode power, referred to as high-frequency path power supply unit 1206 provide electricity
Source is to linear amplifier 504.The output exchange of the linear amplifier 504 is coupled to (by the high-frequency path coupling element
1233) output end (power end of the referred to as described power amplifier 424) of supply load.
In addition, the embodiment of Figure 12 describes a kind of optional scheme to realize the control loop of envelope-tracking mode,
The major part of fixed drain electrode control loop and envelope-tracking control loop is independent from each other in the embodiment.This is described two
Control loop needs highly beneficial in some embodiments of different characteristics.In order to make it easy to understand, and retouching for Figure 12 will not be made
State chaotic or diverging, after consideration after, will not herein again with reference to description of the attached drawing before to the component and circuit of send chain
It is secondary carry out deeper into description.Envelope-tracking mode control loop with the circuit of Figure 11 includes steady independently of the low frequency path
The pi controller of depressor is different, and the framework in Figure 12 describes the use to subtractor unit 1220.The subtracter list
Member 1220 is by the output voltage 1204 of the linear class ab ammplifier 504 after the modulation for being supplied to the power amplifier 424
Power supply 528 in subtract.In the fig. 12 embodiment, once the output electric current of linear amplifier 504 is converted by current-voltage
Device 1102 is converted, and the output 1210 of the subtractor unit 1220 is added to the linear amplifier 504 in summing junction 1225
It exports in the voltage expression of electric current.
In the fig. 12 embodiment, identical as the description of Figure 11, current-mode switched-mode power supply is reused as low
Frequency path power supply.Current sensor 901 perceives the output electric current of the linear amplifier 504.The summation circuit 1225 it is defeated
Voltage 1110 indicates the transient current of the output point of the linear amplifier 504 out, in addition one comes from low pass capacitor 1233
Slowly varying parameter (term), the slowly varying parameter reacts the output voltage 1204 of the linear amplifier 504
Integral difference between power amplifier power supply voltage 528.In this way, the output voltage 1110 can be directly as to pulse width
The control voltage of modulator is supplied to coupling network to generate electric current appropriate.The analog multiplexer 1107 will
The voltage 1110 passes to the comparator 630, by the comparator 630 that the voltage 1110 and one is more by simulating
The fixed voltage THR_ET of path multiplexer 1109 is compared.
It is therefore seen that the difference of the more described two inputs 531 and 631 of comparator 630, in order to stabilize the circuit.So
And compared with the operation of Figure 11, substantially: input signal 631- input signal 531=Viab+Avg (Vout-Vabout)-
THR_ET '=Viab-Avg (Vabout-REF_ET)+Avg (Vout-RE F_ET)-THR_ET '=Viab-Avg (Vabout-
REF_ET)+REF_CAP-THR_ET '=Viab-Avg (Vab out-REF_ET)+THR_ET.
Wherein, Viab is the electric current for perceiving the output of the current-voltage converter 1102；And Vout is to connect
It is connected to the power supply 528 of power amplifier 424；Vabout is the output 1204 of the AB class linear amplifier 504；And REF_
CAP=Avg (Vabout-REF_ET) is to the reference DC voltage of capacitor 1233.THR_ET '=THR_ET+REF_CAP,
Compared with the THR_ET1108 in Figure 11.
According to above-mentioned derivative, it may be to know that, work as THR_ET ' and be set as THR_ET+REF_CAP, then the circuit of Figure 12 can be with figure
11 circuit is done in the same fashion operation.That is, in closed loop operation, in Figure 12, the envelope-tracking mode control
Circuit processed is intended to make the voltage of the capacitor 1233 to be equal to desired REF_CAP value, is thus intended in alternate figures 11
The average output voltage 512 of the linear amplifier 504 is set to be equal to desired REF_CAP value.It is retouched also like Figure 11 simultaneously
As stating, it is intended to provide more electric currents when the output electric current of the linear amplifier is high by the low frequency path
0 is leveled off to make the transient state of the linear amplifier export electric current.
In fact, the arbitrary low-pass filtering effect as provided by the pi controller 1101 in Figure 11 is substantially
It is realized by capacitor 1233.The corner frequency of low-pass filter is obtained by properly selecting the capacitance of capacitor 1233
The variation of rate (corner frequency).Compared with the framework of Figure 11, one of advantage of the framework of Figure 12 are as follows: because
Additional low-frequency pole will not be generated inside pi controller 1101, therefore can get better phase margin.Due to handing over
Stream 1233 voltage of coupling capacitor is given to the current-mode switched-mode power supply of the low frequency path directly as feedback, and described time
Road will not generate additional delay.Therefore, more easily loop compensation can be controlled.
The fixed drain electrode mode control loop of the circuit of Figure 12 is identical as the method for operation that Figure 11 is described.
Referring now to Figure 13, the power supply electricity for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking is described
The further detailed embodiment block diagram 1300 of a part on road.In order to make it easy to understand, and the description of Figure 13 will not be made
Chaotic or diverging, after consideration after, will not herein again with reference to description of the attached drawing before to the component and circuit of send chain
Carry out deeper into description.Figure 13, which is described, to be applied to low frequency path electricity in fixed drain electrode mode and envelope-tracking mode simultaneously
One embodiment of control framework in source 518.In this embodiment, envelope-tracking unit IC 1305 is described, and
Input/output/control the needle of that a part selected.Skilled person will appreciate that the phase with the component and function
With IC design be provided to before structure chart.
In envelope-tracking mode, second switch mode power, referred to as high-frequency path power supply unit 1306 are provided power to
Linear amplifier 504, and the linear amplifier 504 output exchange be coupled to (by high-frequency path coupling element (for example,
Capacitor 1333)) supply the output end (power end of the referred to as described power amplifier 424) loaded.Particularly, the reality of Figure 13
It includes pulse-width modulator 1336 that example, which is applied, in the high-frequency path power supply unit 1306, for providing pulse width modulation
Signal 1340.The pulse width modulating signal 1340 is coupled to the linear amplifier 504 by a filter construction
Power supply 1245, as an example, the filter construction include that inductor 1337 and capacitor 1335 (act on to be supplied to the line
The mains coupling capacitor of property 504 high frequency electric source of amplifier).In this case, the filtered pulse width modulating signal
1340 are attached in high frequency electric source 1245, thus latch the supply voltage of the AB class linear amplifier 504.In this case,
The AB class linear amplifier 504 is by pulse width modulation high frequency electric source power supply, and its output provides AC power and puts
Big device power gives the power amplifier 424, and, its output is coupled to the power amplifier by capacitor 1333.
Likewise, compared with the embodiment of Fig. 8, it can be seen that the inverting amplifier 625 in Fig. 8 effectively replaces with subtracter 1220
To extract the D. C. value of the coupling capacitor 1333.In this case, 1333 voltage of AC-coupling capacitors is as anti-
Feedback is supplied to the current-mode switched-mode power supply of the low frequency path, will not generate additional loop-delay.Therefore, such as Figure 12
It is described, more easily loop compensation can be controlled.
In Figure 13, the value of the inductor 621, capacitor 1332, inductor 622 and capacitor 1333 is selected
It selects to provide low-frequency power to power amplifier 424.Inductor due to the influence that pulse mode exports low frequency, in Figure 13
621, capacitor 1332, inductor 622 and inductor 1333 can form a quadravalence (4thOrder LC filter).Pass through
By the short circuit of inductor 621 and remove the influence of inductor 1332, the inductor 622 and capacitor 1333 in the realization of Figure 13 can phases
When the combination of inductor 622 and capacitor 1333 in Figure 12.
In fixed drain electrode mode, in addition to inductor 621, capacitor 1332, inductor 622 and inductor 1333 form one
A quadravalence (4thOrder low-pass filter) is supplied to the supply voltage of power amplifier 424 to reduce except current fluctuation,
The operation of Figure 13 is identical as Figure 12.
Referring now to Figure 14, the power supply electricity for the send chain of wireless communication unit for being suitable for supporting envelope-tracking is described
The more detailed embodiment block diagram 1400 of a part on road.In order to make it easy to understand, and the description of Figure 14 will not be made chaotic or
Diverging, after consideration after, will not be carried out again herein more with reference to description of the attached drawing before to the component and circuit of send chain
Deep description.In this embodiment, describe envelope-tracking unit IC 1305, and selected that a part it is defeated
Enter/export/control needle.Skilled person will appreciate that the identical IC design with the component and function can mention
Structure chart before supply.
In Figure 14, under fixed drain electrode mode and envelope-tracking mode, the circuit knot in low frequency path power supply 518 is applied
The operation of one embodiment of structure is substantially identical as mode described in Fig. 5.But with Fig. 5 the difference is that error is amplified
Device 529 receives the output from analog multiplexer 1107, and the output of the analog multiplexer 1107 is derived from fixed drain electrode
Perception input or the output for being derived from subtracter 1320.Likewise, the output voltage 1310 can be mentioned directly as control voltage
The pulse-width modulator 532 in low frequency path power supply 518 is supplied, is supplied to coupling network to generate electric current appropriate.
The subtracter 1320 is by the output of the linear amplifier 504 from the supply voltage 528 for being supplied to the power amplifier 424
In subtract, wherein the linear amplifier 504 is by the pulse width modulating signal 1336 of high frequency electric source unit 1306 with Figure 13 phase
Same mode is powered.
Inductor 621, capacitor 1332, inductor 622, capacitor 1333, inductor 1337 and capacitor 1335
Function and structure is similar to described in Figure 13, and in Figure 13, they are supplied to the power as fourth order low-pass filter and put
The supply voltage 528 of big device 424 reduces arbitrary current fluctuation.
Figure 15 describes the simplified flow diagram 1500 that envelope-tracking is supported in send chain.The process starting
In step 1505, transmitter starts power level (power level) renewal process.In step 1510, the transmitter
Signal using the modulation scheme modulation of one default (pre-determined) for transmission, and, it is described in step 1515
The initial radio frequency output power levels of the transmitter are arranged in transmitter.In step 1520, a judgement movement is executed to determine
Whether envelope-tracking is required.If having required envelope-tracking or envelope-tracking to be advantageous in step 1520, in step 1525
Executing one judges movement to determine whether the current-mode used is envelope-tracking.If judging current mould in step 1525
Formula is envelope-tracking, then in step 1530, one or more modulator parameters are adjusted in sending chain.Also, in step
1535, it executes envelope-tracking and is converted to envelope-tracking, and terminate the process in step 1540.
However, in step 1560, being sent out if judging that current mode is not envelope-tracking in step 1525
It send and adjusts one or more modulator parameters in chain.And in step 1565, execute fixed drain electrode and converted to envelope-tracking,
The fixed drain electrode mode of forbidden energy and enabled envelope-tracking mode.And in step 1540, terminate the process.
Step 1520 is turned again to, if required operation mode is not envelope-tracking, in step 1545, executes one
A judgement is to determine whether current operation mode is fixed drain electrode.If step 1545 judges that current operation mode is solid
Fixed drain electrode adjusts one or more modulator parameters then in step 1550 in sending chain.In step 1555, fixation is executed
It drains to the conversion of fixed drain electrode, and in step 1540, terminates the process.But if current operation mode is not
Fixed drain electrode adjusts one or more modulator parameters just in step 1570 in sending chain.Then in step 1575, hold
Row envelope-tracking mode makes the envelope-tracking operation mode forbidden energy, the fixed drain electrode mould to the conversion of fixed drain electrode mode
Formula is enabled.And terminate the process in step 1540.
In some embodiments, step part or all of described in process can be implemented by hardware mode before, or
Person is implemented by software mode.In some embodiments, when providing same or similar effect, each step in Figure 15 can be recombinated
Rapid sequence.
Therefore, embodiment before this provides the power IC after improving, wireless communication unit and using such as
This linear and efficient transmitter framework (particularly, (power efficient manner) can be mentioned in a manner of energy-efficient
The broadband power supply structure of power supply source voltage) come execute power amplifier supply voltage control method.Advantageously, base of the present invention
In the embodiment of AC coupled framework improved efficiency can be provided on the basis of dc-couple solution.For example, linearly putting
The output of big device is connected directly in the dc-couple system of power amplifier power supply (that is, output of modulator), is not being had
When forward biased diode relevant to output equipment, the output of the linear amplifier is without departing from the linear amplifier
Power supply.But as described, the capacitor in AC coupled system is additional group for having incidental post (cost)
Part.However, providing two kinds of operation modes in described each framework, this supports double roles of coupling capacitor.The framework is permitted
Perhaps filter condenser of the described coupling capacitor under fixed drain electrode mode as switched-mode power supply, and in envelope-tracking mode
It is lower to be used as AC-coupling capacitors.
Advantageously, some embodiments of the present invention also provide the ability of the load on driving power voltage (Vbat).It is described
Linear amplifier is implementable for the gain bigger than unit gain, this permission output voltage, which is greater than, is mapped to input terminal
Cell voltage, the cell voltage for being mapped to input terminal are smaller than actual cell voltage.When using voltage-releasing voltage stabilizer, according to low-frequency electrical
Direct current (average) output voltage of source switch mode power setting, is limited to the voltage smaller than cell voltage.But the modulation
The output of device is the combination (addition) of DC component and AC compounent.Applying will drive in the positive alternating voltage of the output of amplifier
The output is set to be higher than average level, that is, being higher than cell voltage.This only occurs under a transient mode, the direct current
Voltage still is below cell voltage, and maintains direct current across voltage and as level displacement shifter by the ability of capacitor
(level shifter).In order to enabling the voltage transient be more than the cell voltage, output and institute in the modulator
Stating between the switching equipment of low-frequency power switched-mode power supply, there is a sensor to be necessary.
Advantageously, some embodiments of the present invention, which provide, can come to operate mould in envelope-tracking by main operating environment
The ability switched between formula and fixed drain electrode operation mode.Particularly, providing one kind can be by switched-mode power supply from packet
Network tracking modes of operation is reconfigured for the ability of fixed drain electrode operation mode, and such AC-coupling capacitors can drain fixed
It is re-used as filter capacity use under operation mode, thus can offset or reduce the capacitor cost of framework.
Referring now to Figure 16, a kind of typical computer system 1600 is described, which can be used for implementing
The signal processing function of the embodiment of the present invention.The computer system of this type can be used for access point (access point) and nothing
Line communication unit.Those skilled in the art should also know how to implement this hair by other computer systems or framework
It is bright.As an example, computer system 1600 can indicate the required and suitable any general-purpose computations of specified application or environment
Machine equipment.Computer system 1600 includes one or more processors, such as processor 1604.Processor 1604 can be led to one
Or the processing engine of special-purpose, for example, microprocessor, microcontroller or other control units.In the present embodiment,
Processor 1604 is connected to bus 1602 or other communication medias.
Computer system 1600 may also include main memory (memory) (memory) 1608, for example, random access memory
(random access memory, RAM) or other dynamic memories, for storing the information executed by the processor 1604
And instruction.Main memory 1608 can also be in the execution stage of instruction, will be interim performed by processor 1604 for storing
Variable or other average informations.Computer system 1600 equally may also include read-only memory (read only memory, ROM)
Or other static storage devices, and bus 1602 is coupled to store static information and the instruction for processor 1604.
Computer system 1600 may also include information storage system 1610, the information storage system 1610, for example, can wrap
Include media drive 1612 and removable memory interface (removable storage interface) 1620.The medium
Driver 1612 may include driver or other mechanical structures to support fixed or movable storage medium, for example, hard disk drives
Dynamic device, floppy disk drive, tape drive, CD drive, CD-ROM device (CD) or digital video drives (DVD) read or write drive
Dynamic device (R or RW) or other removable or mounting medium drivers.Storage medium 1618 may include, for example, hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic
Band, CD, CD or DVD or other it is fixed or movable can by the media drive 1612 read or it is writable arrive described in
The medium of media drive 1612.As described in these embodiments, the storage medium 1618 may include computer-readable deposits
Storage media, the storage medium include the specific computer software being stored therein or data.
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, information storage system 1610 may include other similar components for allowing computer program
Or other instructions or data are loaded such as the computer system 1600.These components may include, for example, moveable storage is single
Member 1622 and interface 1620, may be, for example, program cartridge and cartridge interface, removable memory (for example, flash memory or its
His moveable memory cell) and memory bank, and other allow software and data from the moveable storage
Unit 1618 is transmitted to the moveable storage unit 1622 and interface 1620 of the computer system 1600.
Computer system 1600 may also include communication interface 1624.The communication interface 1624 is for allowing software and data
It is transmitted between the computer system 1600 and external equipment.The embodiment of communication interface 1624 may include modem,
Network interface (for example, Ethernet or other network interface cards), communication port are (for example, universal serial bus (universal serial
Bus, USB) port), Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association, PCMCIA) slot and card, etc..The software sum number transmitted by communication interface 1624
According to the form for signal, these signals may be, for example, electronic signal, electromagnetic signal, fiber-optic signal or other for can be by the communication
The signal that interface 1624 is received.These signals are supplied to communication interface 1624 by channel 1628.The channel can carry signal
And by wireless medium, electric wire or cable, optical fiber or other telecommunication medias are realized.Some embodiments of channel include phone
Line, cellular phone link, RF link, network interface, local area network or wide area network and other communication channels.
In the document, term " computer program product ", " computer-readable medium " and the like are commonly used in finger
Medium, for example, memory 1608, storage device 1618 or storage unit 1622.These or other kinds of computer-readable Jie
Matter can store one or more instructions used for processor 1604, to make the processor execute specific operation.These
Instruction is often referred to " computer program code " (can be computer program group or other groups), upon being performed, enables the meter
The function of the execution the embodiment of the present invention of calculation machine system 1600.It note that the code can directly be compiled to make the processing
Device executes the specific operation, and/or, it can be with other software, hardware, firmware components (for example, for executing canonical function
Library) it combines to make the processor execute the specific operation.
In one embodiment, software can be used to implement various elements, dormitory software is storable in computer-readable
In medium, and the calculating is loaded into for example, by moveable memory driver 1622, driving 1612 or communication interface 1624
In machine system 1600.When pass through the processor 1604 execute control unit (in this embodiment, software instruction or computer journey
Sequence code), so that the processor 1604 is executed function described in the invention.
Particularly, it is contemplated that inventive concept mentioned above can be used arbitrary packet by semiconductor maker
In the integrated circuit for including the available power circuit of power amplifier.Further it is also contemplated that for example, semiconductor maker can incite somebody to action
Present inventive concept is used in the design of stand-alone device, for example, power supply unit or specific integrated circuit, and/or, it is any other
Subsystem component.Selectable, the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented by implementing in independent circuits or by the combination of component.
It should be understood that above description is according to different functional unit and processor in order to reach clearly purpose
To describe the embodiment of the present invention.However, it should be apparent that between different function units or between processor, any appropriate functionality is drawn
Dividing can be used, for example, about power circuit or circuit for signal conditioning or amplifier circuit, this will not detract the present invention.For example,
The described function that will be executed by separated multiple processors or multiple controllers, can also by same processor or control Lai
It executes.Therefore, it is suitable for providing described function that the specific functional unit referred to should only be looked at as being referred to
The module of energy, rather than indicate stringent a logic or physical structure or tissue.
Each aspect of the present invention can carry out embodiment in any suitable manner, these modes include hardware, software, firmware or
Their any combination.The present invention optionally (at least partly) is embodied as operating in one or more data processors
And/or digital signal processor or configurable unit block are (for example, field programmable gate array (field
Programmable gate array, FPGA) device) on computer software.Therefore, the member of one embodiment of the present of invention
Part and component can physically, functionally and logicality implemented in any suitable manner.In fact, the function
A part in implementable unit in a single unit, in a plurality of units or as other function unit.
Although the present invention is described referring to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to stated before specific
Form.On the contrary, the scope of the present invention should only be limited by appended claims.In addition, although some feature seems only
It is described in a particular embodiment, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that according to the present invention can will be in described embodiment
Various features are combined.In the claims, term " comprising " is not precluded from the presence of other elements or step.
Further, although multiple modules, element or method and step are listed respectively, as an example, these moulds
Block, element or method and step can be realized in individual unit or processor.In addition, although each feature is included in different power
During benefit requires, but they can also advantageously be combined, and include in different claims and to imply these spies by them
The combination of sign is infeasible and/or does not have advantage.Likewise, including in a type of claim and dark by a feature
Show that they are limited in the type, but indicates that, according to practical situation, the feature can be equally used for other kinds of power
During benefit requires.
Further, what the sequence of each feature in the claims did not implied that these features must execute is any specific suitable
Sequence, particularly, the sequence of each step in a claim to a method do not imply that the step must sequentially be held according to this
Row.On the contrary, the step can be executed in any suitable order.In addition, plural number is not precluded in referring to for odd number.Cause
This, refer to "one", " first ", " second " etc. plural number is not precluded.
Therefore, the present invention describes the power IC after improving, wireless communication unit and using linear and efficient
The method that transmitter framework carries out power amplifier power supply control, particularly, one kind can provide power supply electricity with energy-efficient mode
The broadband power supply structure of pressure, the shortcomings that substantially reducing the prior art described above.
Those skilled in the art can easily find out, and can the device and method largely be retouched and be changed, but
It is that this still falls within the range that the present invention is instructed.Therefore, it is disclosed above should not be construed as only by the boundary of appended claims and
The limitation of range.
Claims (26)
1. a kind of for providing power to the integrated circuit of radio-frequency power amplifier, which is characterized in that the integrated circuit includes:
Low-frequency power path includes switching regulator；
High frequency electric source path, the output electricity of the AC-battery power source for adjusting output end of the integrated circuit for coupling load
Pressure, wherein the AC-battery power source is provided by the low-frequency power path and the high frequency electric source path；
Wherein, the high frequency electric source path includes:
Linear amplifier includes Voltage Feedback, and the linear amplifier is for driving the power supply in the high frequency electric source path to believe
Number；And
High-frequency path power supply unit drives the linear amplifier for providing high frequency electric source, wherein the high-frequency path electricity
Source unit includes pulse-width modulator, and the pulse-width modulator is operatively coupled to the high-frequency electrical by filter
Source is filtered pulse width modulating signal to be attached in the high frequency electric source, so that the high-frequency path power supply unit mentions
For adhering to the high frequency electric source of pulse width modulating signal for linear amplifier power supply.
2. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the linear amplifier includes:
First input end, for receiving Voltage Feedback；
Second input terminal, for receiving modulated envelope input signal.
3. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the filter is inductive-capacitive filter, described
One node of filter is coupled with the first inductance and first capacitor, for fixing the quiescent point of the linear amplifier.
4. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the fixed line of filtered pulse width modulating signal
The quiescent point of property amplifier.
5. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the switching regulator in the low-frequency power path is logical
It crosses and capacitor is operated into inductor to control the average output voltage of the linear amplifier.
6. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the AC-battery power source is include switched-mode power supply mixed
Close wideband charged.
7. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Mode controlling unit, at least in the envelope-tracking operation mode of the linear amplifier and fixed drain electrode operation mode
Between selected.
8. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in the fixed drain electrode operation of the linear amplifier
Mode, the integrated circuit further include:
First output end is coupled to the low-frequency power path；
Second output terminal is coupled to the linear amplifier, and the linear amplifier is by inductor-capacitor network-coupled in described
Radio-frequency power amplifier.
9. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that first output end and the second output terminal help
In the AC-battery power source that quadravalence low-frequency filter is coupled to the radio-frequency power amplifier.
10. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that one of inductance of the quadravalence low-frequency filter
It is used to reduce the current fluctuation of the pulse width modulating signal on the low-frequency power path with one of capacitor.
11. integrated circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Subtractor unit is operatively coupled to the low-frequency power path, and independently of the low-frequency power path；
The subtractor unit is used for the momentary load electric current of the output end of the linear amplifier from the integrated circuit
It is cut in power supply after the mixed modulation for coupling the output end of load.
12. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that in envelope-tracking operation mode, come from the subtraction
The feedback signal of the output end of device unit is supplied to the low-frequency power path as the input in the low-frequency power path.
13. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the output of the subtractor unit is input to summation
Point, the summing junction is for asking the output of the linear amplifier of the output of the subtractor unit and perception
With.
14. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 13, which is characterized in that before being input to the summing junction, the line
The output of the perception of property amplifier is converted to voltage by current-voltage converter.
15. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the output end of the linear amplifier it is described
Momentary load electric current includes slowly varying parameter, and the slowly varying parameter reacts the output voltage of the linear amplifier
Integral difference between desired value.
16. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the low-frequency power path includes pulse width modulation
Device, the control signal that the pulse-width modulator is used to respond export from the subtractor unit are electric to generate low frequency output
Stream.
17. integrated circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the low-frequency power path includes comparator, described
Comparator includes:
Output end, for described in the integrated circuit for couple the output end offer AC-battery power source of load；
First input end, is coupled to analog multiplexer, and the analog multiplexer is used for the subtractor unit
Second output electric current of the output and comparator output terminal perception is multiplexed.
18. a kind of wireless communication unit provides the electricity of power supply including radio-frequency power amplifier and for the radio-frequency power amplifier
Source, which is characterized in that the wireless communication unit includes:
Low-frequency power path includes switching regulator；
High frequency electric source path, for adjust be used for couple load AC-battery power source output voltage, wherein the AC-battery power source by
The low-frequency power path and the high frequency electric source path are provided；
Wherein, the high frequency electric source path includes:
Linear amplifier includes Voltage Feedback, and the linear amplifier is for driving the power supply in the high frequency electric source path to believe
Number；And
High-frequency path power supply unit drives the linear amplifier for providing high frequency electric source, wherein the high-frequency path electricity
Source unit includes pulse-width modulator, and the pulse-width modulator is operatively coupled to the high-frequency electrical by filter
Source is filtered pulse width modulating signal to be attached in the high frequency electric source, so that the high-frequency path power supply unit mentions
For adhering to the high frequency electric source of pulse width modulating signal for linear amplifier power supply.
19. a kind of wireless communication unit provides the electricity of power supply including radio-frequency power amplifier and for the radio-frequency power amplifier
Source, which is characterized in that the wireless communication unit includes:
Low-frequency power path includes switching regulator；
High frequency electric source path, the high frequency electric source path includes amplifier, and the amplifier is coupled to load by capacitor；
Wherein, the output in the low-frequency power path by be coupled to the linear amplifier of one end of the capacitor output and by
The modulated power supply mixed provided by the low-frequency power path and high frequency electric source path is controlled, wherein the mixing
Modulated supply coupling to the capacitor the other end；
The wireless communication unit further include:
Subtractor unit is operatively coupled to the low-frequency power path；
The subtractor unit is used for the momentary load electric current of the output end of the linear amplifier from the low-frequency power road
It is cut in power supply after the mixed modulation provided by diameter and the high frequency electric source path.
20. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that in envelope-tracking operation mode, from described
The feedback signal of the output end of subtractor unit is supplied to the low-frequency power path as the input in the low-frequency power path.
21. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the output of the subtractor unit, which is input to, to be asked
And point, the summing junction are used to carry out the output of the linear amplifier of the output of the subtractor unit and perception
Summation.
22. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that before being input to the summing junction, institute
The output for stating the perception of linear amplifier is converted to voltage by current-voltage converter.
23. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the output end of the linear amplifier
The momentary load electric current includes slowly varying parameter, and the slowly varying parameter reacts the output of the linear amplifier
Integral difference between voltage and desired value.
24. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the low-frequency power path includes pulse width
Modulator, the control signal that the pulse-width modulator is used to respond export from the subtractor unit export to generate low frequency
Electric current.
25. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the voltage of the capacitor is intended to be equal to the phase
The reference value of prestige.
26. wireless communication unit as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that when the output electric current of the linear amplifier is
Height makes the transient state of the linear amplifier export electric current by providing more electric currents by the low frequency path and levels off to 0.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361843218P | 2013-07-05 | 2013-07-05 | |
| US61/843,218 | 2013-07-05 | ||
| US14/316,759 | 2014-06-26 | ||
| US14/316,759 US9166538B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2014-06-26 | Integrated circuit wireless communication unit and method for providing a power supply |
| PCT/US2014/045322 WO2015003098A1 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2014-07-02 | Integrated circuit wireless communication unit and method for providing a power supply |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105379111A CN105379111A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105379111B true CN105379111B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480038537.5A Active CN105379111B (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2014-07-02 | Integrated circuit, wireless communication unit and for providing the method for power supply |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3017541B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105379111B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015003098A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3616344A4 (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2020-07-01 | Mediatek Inc. | Overhead reduction for linear combination codebook and feedback mechanism in mobile communications |
| CN109286375B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2021-03-02 | 陕西亚成微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply for envelope tracking |
| US11088660B2 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-08-10 | Mediatek Inc. | Power supply with envelope tracking modulation |
| CN110719073B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2024-02-23 | 广州粒子微电子有限公司 | Hybrid envelope modulation method and circuit applied to radio frequency power amplifier |
| US11848646B2 (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-12-19 | Mediatek Inc. | Amplifier circuit using voltage-to-current conversion and associated envelope tracking supply modulator using the same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3017541A4 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
| EP3017541A1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| WO2015003098A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
| EP3017541B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
| CN105379111A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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