CN105377466A - Method and device for producing coil springs by spring winding - Google Patents
Method and device for producing coil springs by spring winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN105377466A CN105377466A CN201480040803.8A CN201480040803A CN105377466A CN 105377466 A CN105377466 A CN 105377466A CN 201480040803 A CN201480040803 A CN 201480040803A CN 105377466 A CN105377466 A CN 105377466A
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- spring
- spring silk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F11/00—Cutting wire
- B21F11/005—Cutting wire springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F5/00—Upsetting wire or pressing operations affecting the wire cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
- B21F3/02—Coiling wire into particular forms helically
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing coil springs by spring winding by means of a numerically controlled spring winding machine, wherein a wire is fed by a feeding device of a forming device of the spring winding machine under the control of an NC control program and is formed into a coil spring by means of tools of the forming device, and a finished coil spring is then severed from the fed wire by means of a cutting device. Before the finished coil spring is severed, a linear weakening is produced in the region of the surface of the wire at least at two diametrically opposite segments of the wire circumference at a defined severing position along the wire. In one embodiment, two notching tools (152, 154) are used for this purpose, which superficially notch the wire from opposite sides without cutting through the wire. The finished coil spring is then severed from the fed wire at the severing position, e.g., by means of a torsion cut.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of as described in the preamble for by manufacturing helical spring method by means of numerically controlled torsion machine around spring according to claim 1, and relate to a kind of suitable torsion machine for performing described method as described in the preamble according to claim 10.
Background technology
Helical spring is the machine element be required in large number of packages and different designs in a large amount of applications.Helical spring (it also can be called as the torsion spring of pitch of the laps) is usually made up of spring silk and is extension spring or stage clip according to the different designs of the load in use existed.Such as in automobile making, need stage clip, especially valve spring, clutch spring or bearing spring with larger amount.
Helical spring is current usual by making around spring by means of numerically controlled torsion machine.At this, spring silk (spring wire) by under the control of NC control program, by means of the feed mechanism supply of the builder of torsion machine and the means shapes by means of builder is helical spring.Usually, one or more can set in its position for fixing and belong to described instrument for the reeler of the diameter changing spring coils if desired.One or more pitch tool is also set once in a while, in each stage of manufacture process, is determined the pitch of the local of spring coils by this pitch tool.After shaping operation terminates, the helical spring completed cuts off from supplied spring silk by means of cutting mechanism under the control by NC control program.
For spring manufacture, the type of cutting is very important usually, this is because the type together determines the completed helical spring characteristic determined.Usually, in the type of three cutting method, i.e. so-called " straight cuts " frequently used, " circumgyration incision " and " twist cut ", differentiation is made.In straight cuts, cutting tool implements rectilinear cutting movement when the cutting off of spring silk.In circumgyration incision, for cutting off the trimming of the cutting tool of spring silk along the guiding of substantially oval orbital curve.In twist cut (" twistcutting "), spring silk mechanically so loads, and makes it substantially cut off perpendicular to cutting off in face of spring silk axis by distorting stress.
Although the process of cutting off in twist cut is substantially based on reversing the fragmentation of the spring wire material caused in other words due to rotation or tearing and not based on cutting process, should use common statement " twist cut " and " cutting mechanism " here.
Twist cut is firstly used in be had high intensity and/or tends in the spring wire material of brittle fracture.In addition, the ratio of ratio of winding D/d yet namely between spring diameter D and the spring filament diameter d of spring should be not excessive, this is because when excessive ratio of winding, the twisting resistance needed for twist cut no longer can be concentrated in desired cutting off on position best when the pivotable of spring.If these conditions meet well enough, then can obtain carrot-free tangent plane by twist cut.In other type of cut, usually on cut surface, produce cutting burr.
Summary of the invention
Task and solution
The present invention for task be, there is provided a kind of for by manufacturing helical spring method and a kind of suitable torsion machine for performing described method around spring, this torsion machine allows, and manufactures clean carrot-free if desired cut surface when being cut off from supplied spring silk by completed helical spring in the position determined.The process of cutting off is tackled in coiling machine and environment to be economical and not adversely to affect spring geometric properties.Even if especially should it is possible that also by with larger ratio of winding helical spring by means of twist cut from spring silk cut off and/or when cut difficulty spring wire material also manufacture clean cut surface.
In order to solve this task, the present invention proposes the torsion machine of the method with the feature of claim 1 and the feature with claim 10.Describe favourable modification in the dependent claims.The words and expressions of whole claims is made by referring to the content of description.
In a kind of method of affiliated type; the present invention that this task is protected as requested solves in the following manner; namely at the section place along two diametrically contrapositions of spring silk at least in spring silk periphery; before the cutting off position cuts off of definition, in the region on the surface of spring silk, manufacture linear weakenings.Substantially the line of weakness extended in the plane perpendicular to spring silk longitudinal direction works as nominal burst position ensuing cutting off in process.Therefore, the assembly arranged for the manufacture of weakenings should be described as the assembly of nominal burst position maker in this application.
Spring silk surface side and near linear weakenings can such as manufacture in the following manner, namely dig into, thrust, roll extrusion enters, hammer or put under spring silk surface.Weakenings is preferably not deeply moved towards diametrically, and such as only like this degree ground from spring silk surface, makes at least 50% of the diameter of spring silk substantially not retain with affecting by the weakenings near surface in the region of heart portion (in spring silk).The region of impregnable inside also can be arranged in more greatly and such as diameter 60% until 90% scope, even exceed this scope if desired.Importantly, manufacture the weakenings on more important surface, this weakenings need not enter in spring wire material deeply.
If dispose into narrow groove or narrow cut or like this in the major part of spring silk periphery, in the longitudinal direction of spring silk, then manufacture the nominal burst position of accurate definition, in the region at this nominal burst position, for cutting off required cutting force than significantly larger when there is such weakenings.In the process of cutting off, define the preferred region of tearing importing near the region of weakenings on surface, then wherein crackle to be radially extended to from multiple side the inside of spring silk and to produce the smooth plane of fracture.
By this measure it is possible that compared with not manufacturing the system at nominal burst position, be reduced in cutting force required when cutting off and cut off power in other words.Thereby, it is possible to design is with less driving power and the cutting mechanism of assembly that more firmly do not design.In addition it is possible that reduce the noise pollution of environment.By reducing necessary cutting force, the reaction of process of cutting off to the machinery of spring geometric properties (such as near pitch of the laps bending of cutting part) also can be reduced compared to the system not manufacturing nominal burst position.
In some embodiments, only correspondingly manufacture the weakenings of wire in the perimeter region of two diametrically contrapositions, the residue place on wherein therebetween surface can not retain damagedly.Especially, spring silk in bending section can by means of can numerically controlled chamfering tool simultaneously in inner side and in the mechanically grooving of the outside of diametrically contraposition.It is also possible that dispose the weakenings into wire in plural side.
In some embodiments, in order to weaken spring silk, manufacture in the circumferential unbroken around linear weakenings, such as with the melt run of the groove of annular or annular for form.
If only in the perimeter region of two diametrically contrapositions or insert linear weakenings on whole periphery, then nominal burst position can have high symmetry (such as about longitudinal median plane specular axial symmetry or the point symmetry (Central Symmetry) about Huang Si center in other words), thus is particularly advantageous in cutting off face uniformly.
In some embodiments, spring silk by means of can numerically controlled chamfering tool simultaneously from the lateral mechanical ground grooving of diametrically contraposition.Such as, spring silk in bending section can simultaneously inner side and in the outside of diametrically contraposition by mechanically grooving.
Corresponding nominal burst position maker have two each other can towards ground in other words with cutting off movement, with the chamfering tool of cutting edge being arranged in common plane.Chamfering tool can be clamp-oned in spring wire material by opposed side surface simultaneously, and one of them chamfering tool correspondingly works as the engagement tool of another chamfering tool.
In a flexible program (wherein cutting mechanism setting is used for twist cut), sandwich spring silk in order to the weakenings be manufactured between chamfering tool, chamfering tool then remain on spring silk on and helical spring cut off from sandwiched spring silk by reversing.Therefore described spring silk keeps sandwiching cutting off on position, but by chamfering tool disjunction by halves.These chamfering tools in fact work as clip instrument and spring silk are kept firm, break in other words until this spring silk is torn by distorting stress.Reversing breaks is produced by the pivotable of spring body, and wherein material is cut off and carries out cutting off in face of being defined by wedge tool.Especially can produce and level and smooth cut off face, this is because the spring silk of supply fixes by means of chamfering tool.
In other embodiments, at least one ray tool is used in order to manufacture weakenings.Some embodiments of nominal burst position maker comprise laser system, thus at least one laser beam can be incident upon spring silk surface to manufacture weakenings.Described injecting can be carried out from multiple side.In order to obtain injecting of multiple side by means of an only unique laser beam, in some embodiments, laser beam, by one or more deflection mechanism such as level crossing single ground or so deflect in multiple times, makes the different periphery section of spring silk utilize identical laser beam illuminated and can be melted in other words by cutting outwardly.Ray tool as an alternative, also can use water-jet line, also can use plasma if desired.
Manufacture after nominal burst position in the position of cutting off being in definition at spring silk, the helical spring completed can cut off from supplied spring silk by means of cutting mechanism, wherein due to nominal burst position, for the cutting force of this necessity compared to also namely not having the spring silk at nominal burst position can be significantly less to the spring silk of non-pre weakened method.
Due to the generation at nominal burst position, the scope of application of twist cut just such as significantly can extend to the helical spring with larger ratio of winding.Up to the present, the upper limit in twist cut is typically located in the ratio of winding in the region of 3 to 4.For the spring silk by means of nominal burst position pre weakened method, the helical spring with the ratio of winding being greater than 4 can be utilized now twist cut process reliably to cut off.Ratio of winding can such as between 5 and 10, be also arranged in if desired until 12 region or exceed this region.Correspondingly, hereafter specifically embodiment is being explained.
It is also possible that, obtain the better cutting result in torsion machine, this torsion machine such as sets for straight cuts or circumgyration incision, this is because need obviously less cutting force, so that the helical spring obtained is from clean the cutting off of supplied spring silk in the position of cutting off of pre weakened method.Participate in the assembly of cutting process thus less through frayed and can where necessary also by the spring wire material of more difficult cutting in suitable size design, the spring silk of such as high strength cuts off by means of straight cuts or circumgyration incision.
Except also obtaining other feature of these characteristic sum from claim from description and accompanying drawing, wherein single feature is correspondingly by oneself or severallyly accomplished and show as embodiment that is favourable and that can protect oneself in an embodiment of the invention and on other field with the form of sub-portfolio.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the schematic overview view of an embodiment of torsion machine;
Fig. 2 shows the detailed view of the amplification in the region of the forming tool of the assembly with nominal burst position maker;
Fig. 3 has illustrated soon by the torsion machine in the Fig. 1 and 2 before the cutting of spring silk in 3A, and the torsion machine in the cutting situation of spring silk has been shown in 3B;
Fig. 4 has illustrated the structural configuration substituted of the assembly of nominal burst position maker in 4A, has illustrated soon by the corresponding torsion machine before the cutting of spring silk, and the torsion machine in the cutting situation of spring silk has been shown in 4C in 4B;
Fig. 5 shows the assembly of nominal burst position maker, and this nominal burst position maker utilizes two ray tool work;
Fig. 6 shows the side view of another torsion machine of the assembly of the multiple flexible programs with nominal burst position maker, and this nominal burst position maker can manufacture nominal burst position before the feeding of end spring silk; And
Fig. 7 has illustrated two flexible programs of nominal burst position maker in 7A and 7B, and this nominal burst position maker is by means of laser work and have can the ray efferent of movement.
Detailed description of the invention
The overview view of signal in FIG shows several structural details of the CNC torsion machine 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 shows the detailed view of the amplification in the region of the forming tool of the assembly with nominal burst position maker.
Torsion machine 100 has the feed mechanisms 110 being furnished with three secondary supply rollers 112, this feed mechanism can will come from spring silk deposit portion and the mutual consecutive spring silk section of the spring silk 115 of being guided by alignment unit utilize numerically controlled feed speed to be distributed in level direction on be supplied in the region of builder 120.Such as identify the assembly of builder in fig. 2 very well.Described spring silk can be guided (see Fig. 6) by spring silk guide mechanism at the outlet side of supply roller.
Described spring silk is helical spring F by means of the numerically controlled means shapes of builder 120.Two pitch of the laps pins (Windstifte) 122,124 offsettingly arranged with 90 ° of angles belong to described instrument, orientation is carried out in the position of described pitch of the laps pin in other words relative to desired axle of spring in the radial direction relative to axis 118, and setting is used for determining helical spring diameter.The position of pitch of the laps pin can be set in relative to the basis for spring diameter in adjustment along the direction of the trend that tilts and to change on the direction of level, to adjust described machine for different spring diameters.Corresponding setting is being also possible in spring process, to change diameter according to the position along the axis of the pitch of the laps of spring.Described motion can be carried out when control figure control device by means of the drive unit of electricity.
Pitch tool 130 has the acting surface being substantially perpendicular to axle of spring orientation of the side effect of helical spring pitch of the laps in the mill.Pitch tool is parallel to helical spring axis 118(in manufacture also namely perpendicular to drawing by means of the numerically controlled adjustment drive unit of corresponding machine shaft) can move.The spring silk of feeding in spring manufacture is open on the direction being parallel to axle of spring by the position of pitch tool corresponding to pitch tool, is wherein determined the pitch of the local of the spring in corresponding section by the position of pitch tool.During spring manufacture, produce pitch by the movement of the axis being parallel of pitch tool to change.Also there is the flexible program not having independent pitch tool, wherein pitch is set by reeler.
The machine shaft belonging to the CNC machine of described instrument is controlled by computer-controlled controlling organization 180, this controlling organization has stocking mechanism, in this stocking mechanism, be provided with control software design, the NC control program in addition for the working motion of machine shaft belongs to this control software design.
Torsion machine setting is for the manufacture of the helical spring with larger ratio of winding (such as until D/d ≈ 8).In this helical spring, also there is the requirement of the smooth end face to spring silk, this end face should as far as possible relative to axle of spring abreast and middle part move towards.This end face can work as the abutment face for importing force and moment when meeting these and requiring.Such helical spring mainly in the spring filament diameter region of 4mm to 10mm, and is preferably made by chrome-silicon spring silk (such as according to spring silk type FD, TD and VD of EN10270-2) or for the spring silk (such as according to the spring silk type VD of EN10270-2) of valve spring.Described helical spring has the average ratio of winding of 5 to 10 usually, also exceedes this ratio of winding once in a while, such as, until 16.
In principle, multiple spring wire material is applicable to the cutting with twist cut.But up to the present twist cutting method not can process reliably perform usually when being greater than the ratio of winding of 4.Torsion machine 100 so configures, and makes it possible to perform twist cut.
Arrange above axle of spring can numerically controlled cutting and delineation mechanism 150, this cutting and delineation mechanism the bottom end of the vertical tool carrier of movement can have the first chamfering tool 152, and this chamfering tool can be moved up towards the direction of workpiece downwards by the vertical direction in other words by the machine shaft belonging to triggering.First chamfering tool 152 has the cutting part (about 90 ° of the angle of wedge) of the wedge shape pointed to downwards, and this cutting part has the first sharp cutting edge SK1 being parallel to axis trend.After end shaping operation, by means of the first chamfering tool, manufacture that move towards transverse to spring silk heart portion, in the outside of spring coils groove (see Fig. 3) in set cutting off on position.
In this retreading operation, second chamfering tool 154 with corresponding second cutting edge SK2 works as co-operating member, and this cutting edge is arranged in the inside of spring coils and upwards points to towards the direction of the first chamfering tool.Second chamfering tool 154 is fastened on the top sides of mandrel 156 tool holder that is form, and this mandrel is the part of mandrel unit.Mandrel and the second wedge tool carried by this mandrel can be parallel to axis 118 by means of corresponding machine shaft and move, and can to move to thus in the inside of spring or the outside pull from this inside.Mandrel is bearing in as a whole can in the mandrel slide block 160 of vertical movement, thus the second wedge tool 154 can perform direction towards the chamfering tool on top or in check vertical motion in the opposite direction.
The such as inner wedge tool 154 of at least one wedge tool can be provided with on the side of the cutting edge of the antetheca towards machine extend over cutting edge nose 154'(see Fig. 3 B), this nose hinders the skew in the direction towards machine wall of spring silk in the process of cutting off.That spring silk can be hindered thus to takeoff from instrument may.
Arranged beneath in axis tool unit 170, this tool unit have radial can reciprocating tool holder in axis 118 in the vertical direction, this tool holder is at its top end carrying wedge tool 172, this wedge tool can be pushed, for the twist cut imported between helical spring.Wedge tool end at an upper portion thereof has smooth inclined-plane 173, and this inclined-plane tilts towards inferoanterior obliquely from the antetheca of torsion machine.Inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane counts about 10 ° to 40 °, preferably about 15 °.In twist cut, by means of radial direction in the wedge tool 172 of axle of spring and axis movement by completed helical spring upwards pivotable, thus helical spring cuts off position twisting between chamfering tool (see Fig. 3 B) set.
Two chamfering tools 152,154 and what arrange the cutting of the motion being used for this chamfering tool and delineation mechanism 150 is the functional unit of nominal burst position maker with the assembly of mandrel unit, this nominal burst position maker setting is used for: at the section place of two diametrically contrapositions of periphery, spring silk definition cut off position, respectively a linear weakenings is inserted in the region on the surface of spring silk with the form of the groove moved towards transverse to the longitudinal direction of spring silk.The same assembly being controlled specified fracture site maker by controlling organization 180 based on NC control program.
Torsion machine 100 can work as follows.The beginning of circulating is being manufactured for helical spring, first chamfering tool 152 on top is arranged in the position of the rising at switch-back point place at an upper portion thereof, and utilize the chamfering tool 154 of bottom to be drawn in by mandrel, thus the chamfering tool of bottom is positioned at the outside in the pitch of the laps face defined by reeler 122,124.Then, when continuous print spring silk supplies, helical spring passes through in known manner around spring manufacture, and way is: the spring wire material of institute's feeding is released by pitch of the laps finger 124,122 and is bent into circle.If helical spring obtains desired its length, then the supply of spring silk so stops, make set position (helical spring completed at this cut off position should cut off from supplied spring silk) of cutting off be arranged in the face of cutting off 155, this cuts off the position definition of parallel to each other cutting edge SK1, SK2 of chamfering tool 152,154 of face by adjusting towards each other.
Then, mandrel 156 moves forward in spring body with the second wedge tool 154.At this, so set the vertical position of mandrel, the cutting edge SK2 of the second wedge tool 154 is only left from the inner side of spring coils several 1/10th millimeters (see Fig. 3 A).
Then, activate the machine shaft of cutting and delineation mechanism 150, thus the first chamfering tool 152 moves to the outside of spring silk from top.Two chamfering tools 152 and 154 are then mobile a little towards each other, thus the cutting edge of the coplanar of chamfering tool simultaneously clamp-ons (see Fig. 3 B) the surface of spring wire material from outside (the first chamfering tool) from inner (the second chamfering tool) at the position of diametrically contraposition.In this retreading operation, each spring silk side manufactures the groove longitudinally moved towards perpendicular to spring silk.This groove mechanically manufactured jointly works as nominal burst position.At this, this chamfering tool is only so clamp-oned in spring wire material to the degree of depth, makes the linear weakenings on the surface producing spring wire material, and wherein the inside " be not damaged ground " of spring silk keeps remaining unchanged to a great extent in other words shape.When typical spring filament diameter in the scope at 4mm to 10mm, typical hobbing depth can be positioned under 1mm, such as, in the scope between 0.2mm and 0.8mm (see Fig. 3 B).
Described spring silk is not cut off by chamfering tool 152,154.Alternatively scheme, chamfering tool sandwiches described spring silk from upper and lower and it is remained on regularly to be arranged on thus and cuts off the face of cutting off 155 of position.And then, real process of cutting off " twist cut " is implemented from bottom by means of the wedge tool 172 imported from bottom.By vertical moving movement, wedge tool in other words fracturing tool 172 moves from bottom and is upwards rotated the other side that spring body is cutting off position between the first and second pitch of the laps of spring, tears in other words (see Fig. 3 B) until spring wire material breaks in the face of cutting off 155.Thus spring rotates in other words in the middle twisting of the plane of wedge tool (cutting off face 155), and breaks in the face of cutting off under torsional stress.
Afterwards, the wedge tool on top upwards to pumpback draw and the chamfering tool of bottom decline and moved back by drawing in of mandrel.Afterwards, just start for the manufacture of ensuing helical spring corresponding circulation.In left-handed helical spring, described instrument and described structural configuration are implemented symmetrically.
By the linear weakenings on the surface of spring silk, at two radially opposed region places, manufacture nominal burst position by means of chamfering tool.When the importing of distorting stress, tearing expansion can proceed to the inside of spring wire material from opposed side.Smooth, the well-proportioned plane of fracture is produced, from this plane of fracture inwardly and outwards all do not have burr to make.
In addition, only produce less cutting to impact.The noise that concept " cutting is impacted " here generally refers in the process of cutting off produces.Usually the cutting when twist cut is impacted the cutting be less than when other type of cut (such as straight cuts, circumgyration incision) and is impacted.Cutting is in the method according to the invention impacted the cutting be less than in traditional method and is impacted, this is because cut off required power due to the power that is in that the weakenings inserted in advance is thus less and all coordinate in the gross energy of part less thus.After cutting off at the spring at fracture site place and after instrument and machine element off-load, energy " suddenly " off-load in systems in which.
During traditional torsion of delineating in other words not having groove is cut off, there is actual ratio of winding restriction in the following manner, namely usually hard not the active position of fracturing tool and conclusive half spring coils of cutting off between position are in excessive ratio of winding in other words at wedge tool, and inadequate torsional moment can enter in the face of cutting off thus.In addition, it is limited in geometric aspects that the rotation of spring body also can pass through wedge tool (Fig. 3 B), thus it is generally contemplated that, when towards the direction of antetheca to back bending song, cause breaking at the latest in the angular range between 70 ° and 100 ° (angle between axle of spring and horizontal line), this is because otherwise spring body can knock on the parts of instrument and/or machine and/or the kinematic axis of wedge tool no longer can perform enough stroke motions (Hubbewegung).
This restricted passage cutting relaxes.By the cutting of the perimeter region at diametrically contraposition, be reduced to required torsional moment of breaking significantly, thus caused the disjunction of spring silk by possible interference profile or mobile route within geometry limits.Perform this significant improvement in twist cut now also owing to: the groove on the surface of many sides is conducive to producing the tearing of different positions of spring silk periphery or tearing expansion.In addition seem advantageously, (harder is crisp in other words) spring wire material is inscribed in other words by cutting and retains insusceptibly to a great extent near the central axial line of spring silk.Do not weaken, central authorities material thus (figuratively) show as torsional axis.
In the embodiment of Fig. 1 to 3, above the horizontal plane of the torsion machine that the arrangement of components of cutting and delineation mechanism 150 is defined by this axis in other words in axis 118, and wedge tool 172 acts on from bottom and entering between adjacent pitch of the laps, break for importing torsion.At this, such as there is half spring coils at the spring silk section be not also bent (this spring silk section touches the reeler 122 of bottom) and disposed thereon cutting off between district's (chamfering tool 152,154 at this cut off in district work).This spring coils forms next helical spring half pitch of the laps and remains in torsion machine, if remove cut off helical spring.
When needed, also structural configuration shown in Figure 4 can be selected, wherein cut and delineate the arrangement of components of mechanism under axis 418, wherein wedge tool 472 is arranged helical spring top in the mill and is introduced between adjacent spring coils from top, to cause torsion to break (Fig. 4 C).Identical or corresponding assembly carrying with identical in Fig. 1 is to 3 but correspondingly improve 300 Reference numeral.
In spring manufactures, described spring silk is so degree ground feeding correspondingly, makes to there are 360 ° of pitch of the laps W1 completely at supplied spring silk and set cutting off between position.Then, the feeding of spring silk is stopped and mandrel 456 moves in spring, thus the chamfering tool 454 of inside is positioned at the section start of the ensuing pitch of the laps of pitch of the laps W1.Then, outside chamfering tool 452 also acts on identical position from other spring silk side.When the common movement of chamfering tool 454,452, before wedge tool 472 to enter from top effect and imports torsion, spring silk at the transition position between pitch of the laps W1 and the spring silk section of following afterwards by cutting and sandwich.Pitch of the laps W1 takes off coupling by means of chamfering tool from causing the power reversed thus.Thus, being bent upwards of end pitch of the laps/initial pitch of the laps of reclining is avoided.
Explain the assembly of an embodiment by means of Fig. 5, wherein nominal burst position maker is by means of ray tool work.For simplicity, the identical or similar assembly of torsion machine has the Reference numeral identical with Fig. 1 to 3.
Nominal burst position maker has first ray output mechanism 552 and the second ray output mechanism 554 in the vertical face of cutting off defined at following position, at this position, should import torsion and break after the feeding of spring silk terminates.The first ray output mechanism on top produces ray, and this ray points to the outside bent of spring silk obliquely protrudingly.Second ray unit of bottom produces ray, and this ray points to greatly the hollowly bending inner side of spring silk obliquely about the position of diametrically contraposition.Before wedge tool 172 to move from bottom and is bent upwards by spring body between the first pitch of the laps being also suspended on supplied spring silk and the second pitch of the laps, by means of ray, can in the region of diametrically contraposition at the outside of spring silk and inner side place correspondingly in the region on spring silk surface mid-enter linear weakenings.Equally here, carry out tearing importing from multiple positions of spring silk periphery, thus reduce necessary torsional moment.
In shown flexible program, nominal burst position maker by means of laser beam work, wherein with the form design ray output mechanism 552,554 of the outgoing optical element of the guiding ray of laser system.
In another flexible program, nominal burst position maker utilizes the water-jet lineman of fierce boundling to do, and this water-jet line is under high pressure injected in ray output mechanism by the direction of outgoing nozzle towards spring silk surface.
In the flexible program of Fig. 1 to 5, nominal burst position is after the feeding of spring silk terminates, complete the bending spring place generation completing pitch of the laps in other words when the spring silk feeding stopped, thus nominal burst position is no longer moved between the manufacture and the importing of torsional moment at this nominal burst position.But this is not inevitable.Explain embodiment by means of Fig. 6, wherein before spring operation, manufacture nominal burst position in end, thus also feeding is carried out until in the position of carrying out described cutting in described nominal burst position after generation nominal burst position.
To this, Fig. 6 shows the front view of the parts of torsion machine 600, and this torsion machine has cutting mechanism 650, and the setting of this cutting mechanism is used for straight cuts.Spring silk 615 is transmitted towards the direction of builder 620 by the supply roller 612 of feed mechanism, and this builder has for two pitch of the laps pins 622,624 of regulation spring diameter and the pitch tool 630 for regulation pitch.Above axis 618, cutting mechanism 650 and cutting tool 652 are installed, manufactured helical spring utilizes vertical working motion to cut off from supplied spring silk by means of straight cuts by this cutting tool after the end of shaping operation.Mandrel 655(cuts off mandrel) work as being used for the co-operating member of cutting tool, this mandrel is arranged in the inside of the spring of manufacture and has vertical cutting edge 656, and this cutting edge is when cutting off and cutting tool 652 mating reaction.What cutting edge 656 defined straight cuts cuts off face.
Directly at supply roller 612 rear, spring silk guide mechanism 616 has been installed between this supply roller and region of forming tool, this spring silk guide mechanism has Inlet sleeve 616A and outlet bosses 616B coaxial with it, this Inlet sleeve and outlet bosses are so arranged each other with spacing ground, make the section of the spring silk that can freely reach from multiple directions from outside and connect between sleeve.
Same in this sample situation, should manufacture the helical spring with larger ratio of winding (D/d>8), this helical spring is formed by harder spring steel spring silk.Required cutting force is cut off by means of nominal burst position maker it is possible that relative to what do not have the spring silk at nominal burst position to reduce spring silk significantly.Can tool wear be reduced thus and it is possible that save otherwise the especially loaded down with trivial details size design of necessity of the assembly of cutting mechanism.Equally, the cutting impact of instrument and machine and load are reduced generally.Thereby, it is possible to the higher durability of the instrument of acquisition.
In flexible program shown here, the assembly of nominal burst position maker is so installed in the region of spring silk guidance part 616, make it possible to manufacture nominal burst position at following spring silk section place, this spring silk section is freely between Inlet sleeve 616A and outlet bosses 616B.In this example, ray output mechanism 654A, 654B of two diametrically contrapositions is installed for this reason, to manufacture the delineation on the surface transverse to spring silk direction trend at the spring silk place at the region place at two diametrically contrapositions.In this example, ray output mechanism is designed to the outgoing optical element of laser system.As an alternative, it also can refer to the outgoing nozzle of water-jet wire cutting mechanism.
Therefore, in this flexible program, pass through, before spring occurs, to manufacture nominal burst position in the real forming process of the spring silk section being provided with nominal burst position.After manufacture nominal burst position, the also degree like this ground feeding of spring silk, until nominal burst position be arranged in defined by cutting edge 656 cut off face.This situation is indicated by the outside of the spring in the region at nominal burst position SB and the delineation at inner side place in figure 6.
Assembly, the such as ray output mechanism of nominal burst position maker can firmly so be arranged by machine, make in the position of this nominal burst position maker and cut off between face and there is required spring filament length degree exactly.Then, the feeding of spring silk is interrupted if desired momently, until produce nominal burst position.Arrange in other flexible program, the feeding of spring silk is not interrupted for the delineation pre-set.To this, the member parallel of the nominal burst position maker installed near spring silk linearly can support and can so be controlled movably in spring silk traffic direction, it was synchronously together moved with spring silk speed the manufacture duration at nominal burst position and the spring silk of institute's feeding, and and then again can move back before ensuing circulation.To this, spring silk guide mechanism can such as be assemblied on slide block with the ray output mechanism being fastened on its side, can move back and forth on spring silk traffic direction as a whole linearly.
Fig. 6 composition graphs 7 also show the structural configuration substituted of the assembly of nominal burst position maker, move until before cutting off in face (being defined by cutting edge 656) in the position of cutting off being arranged on spring silk place, this nominal burst position maker manufactures nominal burst position by means of laser beam in set position of cutting off.Here, described assembly is arranged between pitch of the laps finger 622,624 with about 90 ° in space with being offset to the face of cutting off.This structural configuration can such as due to position reason because of but favourable, if provide only less structure space in the region in the face of cutting off.
The ray output unit 752 of laser system is radially arranged in the outside of spring and walking direction and longitudinally can be moved perpendicular to spring silk by the pivoting action (the ray output unit 752A in Fig. 7 A) of single shaft or linear translational motion (the ray output unit 752B in Fig. 7 B) transverse to spring silk 715.Radially with respect to ray output mechanism, the lens device of the level crossing 761,762 arranged each other with two V-arrangements ground is positioned at the inner side place of spring filament winding circle, this level crossing is so arranged, make the position of the determination at ray output unit, laser beam is by one or two flat mirror reflects of described level crossing to the outer region of the spring silk of walking, and this outer region can not directly be reached by the laser beam coming from ray output mechanism.Angle W between minute surface such as can be arranged in the region of 70 ° to 130 °.By this way likely, utilizing in the horizontal can reciprocating unique laser beam by pivotable or translation, by spring silk on its whole periphery or in the major part (more than 180 °) of periphery, the line of weakness outwardly along definition melts cutting in other words.Laser beam therefore, it is possible to by deflecting mirror single ground or so deflect in multiple times, even if make deviating from the side of ray output mechanism, identical laser beam also can be utilized to irradiate different periphery sections.
Around the melt run on surface cut off after position produced by laser beam set, before completed spring to be cut off by straight cuts by means of cutting tool, the nominal burst position produced by the operation of spring silk feeding feeding until cutting off in face at mandrel 655 place.
By means of Fig. 7 explaination flexible program also can be arranged on other position, such as in the region of spring silk guidance part.If structure space allows, then the structural configuration in the face of cutting off namely in the region of the cutting edge 656 of mandrel is also possible.
Described application hereby discloses different feasible programs, the cut off position of spring silk in definition mechanically or by the effect of ray tool is weakened along narrow line by delineation or cutting, to produce the nominal burst position of the clean cutting realized when the cutting force reduced.If at least at the region place of two diametrically contrapositions or but insert groove on whole periphery and delineate in other words, as this point here by means of shown in several example, then cutting force reduces significantly.Thus, especially the spring with obviously larger ratio of winding can be cut off by means of twist cut.
Described nominal burst position also can be operated by incision and produce.For this reason, such as, in the flexible program of Fig. 1 to 3, mandrel 156 can be provided with the sharp incision tool of seamed edge, this incision tool when mandrel is axially fed in the inside of spring, by groove spring silk cross section tangential on be inscribed into the inner side place of spring silk.
Claims (16)
1. one kind for by manufacturing helical spring method by means of numerically controlled torsion machine around spring, wherein under the control of NC control program, by the feed mechanism supply spring silk of the builder of torsion machine, described spring silk is helical spring by means of the means shapes of builder, and then cut off from supplied spring silk the helical spring manufactured by cutting mechanism
It is characterized in that,
Cutting off before position cuts off in definition, at least be in the region on the surface of spring silk at the section of two diametrically contrapositions of spring silk periphery along spring silk and manufacture linear weakenings, and cut off from supplied spring silk the helical spring manufactured cutting off position.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the following manner in spring silk surface with manufacture linear weakenings near it, namely dig into, thrust, roll extrusion enters, hammer or put under spring silk surface.
3. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, only so manufacture weakenings to degree from spring silk surface, make at least 50% of the diameter of spring silk especially spring silk diameter 60% and 90% between substantially do not retain with affecting by the weakenings near surface in the region at the middle part of spring silk.
4. by method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, in order to cutting off position by the reduction of spring silk, only correspondingly manufacturing the weakenings of wire in the perimeter region of two diametrically contrapositions.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that, spring silk by means of can numerically controlled chamfering tool (152,154) simultaneously in section place, the periphery mechanically cutting of diametrically contraposition, wherein preferably, in order to manufacture weakenings between chamfering tool (152,154), sandwich spring silk, described chamfering tool remain on spring silk cut off helical spring on and by the spring silk reversed from sandwiching.
6., according to the method according to any one of Claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, in order to weaken spring silk cutting off position, then manufacture in the circumferential unbroken around linear weakenings.
7., by method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, in order to manufacture weakenings, using at least one ray tool.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that, in order to manufacture weakenings, at least one laser beam is incident to spring silk surface, wherein preferably, laser beam is by least one deflection mechanism single ground or so deflect in multiple times, makes to utilize identical laser beam to irradiate different periphery sections.
9. by method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, with manufactured more than the helical spring (F) of 4 ratio of winding D/d especially between 5 and 10 and cut off from supplied spring silk by means of twist cut, wherein ratio of winding is the ratio between spring diameter D and helical spring spring filament diameter d.
10. one kind for by around spring manufacture helical spring (F) torsion machine (100), it comprises:
For spring silk (115) being supplied to the feed mechanism (110) of builder (120), wherein builder has at least one reeler (122,124);
For the cutting mechanism after terminating shaping operation, the helical spring manufactured cut off from supplied spring silk;
For controlling the controlling organization (180) of feed mechanism, builder and cutting mechanism based on NC control program, it is characterized in that nominal burst position maker, maker setting of this nominal burst position is used for: cut off position along spring silk at least at the section place of the spring silk periphery of two diametrically contrapositions in definition, in the region on the surface of spring silk, manufacture linear weakenings.
11. according to torsion machine according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, nominal burst position maker have two can move towards each other or remotely with the chamfering tool (152,154) of cutting edge (SK1, SK2) being arranged in common plane, wherein preferably so can trigger chamfering tool, make described chamfering tool to clamp-on spring wire material from opposed side surface, one of wherein said chamfering tool correspondingly works as the engagement tool of another chamfering tool simultaneously.
12. according to the torsion machine described in claim 10 or 11, it is characterized in that, cutting mechanism setting is used for cutting off described helical spring (F) by twist cut, wherein preferably have can be radial in the tool unit with wedge tool (172) (170) of axis (118) movement for torsion machine, and this wedge tool can push between helical spring pitch of the laps.
13. according to the torsion machine described in claim 11 or 12, it is characterized in that, so configure torsion machine, make the weakenings in order to be manufactured between chamfering tool (152,154) and sandwich spring silk (115), described chamfering tool can remain on spring silk on and by reversing and can cut off helical spring (F) from the spring silk sandwiched.
14., according to torsion machine according to claim 10, is characterized in that, nominal burst position maker has at least one ray tool with the ray output mechanism that can be directed to spring silk surface (552,554,652,654,752).
15. according to torsion machine according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, nominal burst position maker has laser system, this laser system so configures, make at least one laser beam to be incident to spring silk surface to manufacture linear weakenings, at least one deflection mechanism especially level crossing (761A, 761B) is wherein preferably set, laser beam utilizes this deflection mechanism can single ground or so deflect in multiple times, makes it possible to utilize identical laser beam to irradiate the different periphery section of spring silk (715).
16. according to torsion machine according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, laser system has ray output unit (752), this ray output unit is walked direction can support with vertically moving perpendicular to spring silk transverse to spring silk (715), wherein radially arrange relative to ray output mechanism the level crossing (761 arranged towards each other with two V-arrangement ground, 762) deflection mechanism, described level crossing is so directed, make in the position of the determination of ray output unit, laser beam is from one or two flat mirror reflects of described level crossing to the outer region of spring silk, directly can not reach this outer region by the laser beam coming from ray output mechanism.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201310214161 DE102013214161B4 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2013-07-18 | Method and device for producing coil springs by spring winds |
| DE102013214161.0 | 2013-07-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/063577 WO2015007496A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-06-26 | Method and device for producing coil springs by spring winding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105377466A true CN105377466A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105377466B CN105377466B (en) | 2017-03-29 |
Family
ID=51211184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480040803.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105377466B (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-06-26 | For the method and apparatus by manufacturing helical spring around spring |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3021995B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105377466B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013214161B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015007496A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107598034A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-19 | 杭州富春弹簧有限公司 | The combination shearing device and its method of a kind of spring flat nick |
| CN109500172A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-22 | 宁波巨丰工具实业有限公司 | A kind of spring coiling machine |
| CN113226589A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-06 | 日本发条株式会社 | Winding machine, method for manufacturing coil spring, and coil spring |
| CN113365755A (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2021-09-07 | 日本发条株式会社 | Winding machine, manufacturing method of spiral spring and spiral spring |
| WO2021243964A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-09 | 福立旺精密机电（中国）股份有限公司 | Spring forming apparatus having laser machining function |
| KR20220061368A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-13 | 주식회사 대구정밀 | Spring forming device twist cutting system |
| CN114589276A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-07 | 杭州弹簧有限公司 | Spring processing method and spring processing equipment |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201718529D0 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2017-12-27 | Hs Products Ltd | Apparatus and method for forming springs |
| CN113669396B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-12-02 | 安庆谢德尔汽车零部件有限公司 | Compression spring with prepressing end and winding and detecting method thereof |
| CN115415238B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-10-03 | 上海太同弹簧有限公司 | Spring production process |
| CN118080741B (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-07-05 | 苏州立而达精准弹簧有限公司 | Spring machine for producing and processing reducing springs |
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| US4705580A (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1987-11-10 | Neturen Co., Ltd. | Cutting method to be applied to producing helical springs by cold-forming thick high-strength wire |
| EP0804979A1 (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 1997-11-05 | OMD OFFICINA MECCANICA DOMASO S.p.A. | All-purpose cutting device for coil spring winding machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107598034A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-19 | 杭州富春弹簧有限公司 | The combination shearing device and its method of a kind of spring flat nick |
| CN109500172A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-22 | 宁波巨丰工具实业有限公司 | A kind of spring coiling machine |
| CN113226589A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-06 | 日本发条株式会社 | Winding machine, method for manufacturing coil spring, and coil spring |
| CN113365755A (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2021-09-07 | 日本发条株式会社 | Winding machine, manufacturing method of spiral spring and spiral spring |
| WO2021243964A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-09 | 福立旺精密机电（中国）股份有限公司 | Spring forming apparatus having laser machining function |
| KR20220061368A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-13 | 주식회사 대구정밀 | Spring forming device twist cutting system |
| KR102409266B1 (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-06-15 | 주식회사 대구정밀 | Spring forming device twist cutting system |
| CN114589276A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-07 | 杭州弹簧有限公司 | Spring processing method and spring processing equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3021995B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| WO2015007496A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
| EP3021995A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| DE102013214161B4 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
| DE102013214161A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| CN105377466B (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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