CN105377345B - 雾化器装置和吸入溶液面罩 - Google Patents
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Abstract
传统、研究及国际惯例证明,在住院治疗或家庭治疗中吸入带有或不带有医学杂质的热蒸汽会帮助预防和治疗呼吸道系统疾病。应用该疗法的装置简单、易于使用、安全并且成本是可承受的。本发明涉及一种系统,其具有:1)创造性的空气管道‑导线,其具有嵌入式的安全电触点和电源连接头系统‑电缆,其用于同时供应空气和电源给雾化器装置。2)雾化器装置,其准许经由温度调节器在35‑40℃下同时加热溶液和雾气。另外,该雾化器装置具有经由电磁体或机构打开并且关闭叶轮或硅片并且解决朝吸入面罩提供雾气的系统。3)具有圆锥形通道的吸入面罩,圆锥形通道将呼气引导到传感器,并且将吸入的雾气引导到开口和鼻腔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及提供热雾化溶液的系统,其由在雾化器装置中的具有嵌入式连接器系统的空气管道-导管、电源连接、电缆以及面罩组成,雾化器装置用于受控提供加热的雾化药物溶液或含香精油和煎煮的馏分油的热雾化溶液或简单的热雾气以用于吸入,面罩用于呼吸道系统疾病的治疗或预防。该系统的用途被建议用于与中央供氧机结合的医院使用或与提供压缩空气的装置结合的家庭治疗。
背景技术
在住院治疗或家庭护理中,存在许多类型的提供被吸入药物溶液的装置和面罩。在第一种情况下,装置通过它们与中央供氧机的连接而发挥作用,而在第二种情况下,装置通过与提供压缩空气的便携式装置连接而发挥作用。
在这两种实践中,药物溶液或具有任意添加物的生理盐水的温度较低,大约10摄氏度,并且不具有热蒸汽的治疗优点,这在日常医疗实践中是非常重要的缺点。
针对已存在的装置,本申请具有重要的优点,并且为了理解这些优点需要参考一些参数。
从大部分人的传统我们了解到,为了帮助有机体面对呼吸道系统的感染和失调,除其他方法以外,还提出了消耗热汤剂或饮品并且在房间(主要在儿童的房间)内使用加湿器。
因为人们和具有波动水平的科学医理通过几个世纪的跨越注意到各种饮品和热水蒸汽在粘膜中提供温暖并且使治疗加快,所以这是合乎情理的。通过使用热蒸汽加湿支气管分支的粘膜,分泌物被溶解并且易于排出,粘膜的表面得到清洁,并且通过蒸汽传递的药物物质的活动,和热蒸汽的温暖,以及汤剂在支气管分支的粘膜细胞中的药用特性也起作用。
这也得到了全世界的现代医疗实践的支持。另外,今天的科学了解到热蒸汽,特别是热雾化溶液在人类有机体中有利地作用。
已经在例如针对公众的NHS(NHS选择)的互联网上指出在呼吸道系统的轻微感染中的吸入热雾化溶液的益处,并且也指出正如在国际文献中所提到的在呼吸道系统的重度感染中的益处,例如通过在重症监护病房条件(Crit Care Med(重症医学)1996;24:1920-1929)下使用体温的吸入气体的水分和热量。
在支气管分支2,06中的吸入热蒸汽的益处的这种简单描述导致如下观点:在使用吸入支气管扩张剂的各种疗法中,在日常医疗实践中直到今天还在应用的抗炎药和抗生素中添加热量的影响更有利。
就今天已知的雾化器来说,分别对于由装置提供的空气流量的体积和速度,吸入的最终制品的温度在10℃至15℃之间变化。有或无添加药物的冷雾化溶液到达呼吸道系统的粘膜,粘膜的温度在感染时为37℃高至40℃。
由于由上呼吸道系统的进气道(口腔、咽腔口部、喉)得到了热量,所以到达下呼吸道系统的雾气的温度比粘膜的温度低得多,并且不在呼吸道系统中提供所需的温暖。
除我们了解的气体运动学以外,在稳定的压力、体积和组分条件下,温度的倍增使大量气体的速度增加到1.41倍。
这意味着,40℃的医药物质的雾化溶液将具有是20℃血清蒸汽的速度1.41倍的传送速度。
考虑到正使用的吸入的最终雾气的温度在10℃至15℃之间变化的雾化器,可以得出结论,35℃至40℃喷雾的传送速度几乎将增至三倍。
无疑地,在这种情况下,喷雾将通过吸入而较深地到达肺的进气道网,并且因此治疗效果将更好并且治愈将更快。
血清构成了支气管扩张剂或抗炎药或抗生素或油类的添加化学物质的辅料,添加的化学物质通过其在装置中旋转而被雾化。40℃的雾化溶液相比于20℃雾化溶液会具有更低的每cc密度并且传送速度是其两倍以上。热雾气的这些特性使其能够被容易吸入,并且因此在单位时间内进入支气管分支的更深处,并且其中较深的吸入达到小进气道的水平。
显而易见的是,在吸入治疗物质的热雾气的情况下,治疗效果将更好。另外,我们将发现,热量在支气管分支的患病粘膜的发育期中具有有利效果并且实现分泌物的最佳清除和吸收。
鉴于上述原因,我们具有更大的支气管扩张、辅助装置、粘膜的治疗、经由吐出物的分泌物中止的促进、患者呼吸能力的改善以及雾气的更快吸入。
通过使用雾化器,在家庭护理中也发生相同的情况。
除呼吸道系统疾病的治疗以外,重要的价值还在于呼吸道系统的预防性清洁。
吸入现代社会(主要是大的城市中心)的妨害性环境的空气对呼吸道系统粘膜的正常功能造成永久的问题。
吸烟者和在具有技术性加热-冷冻、不完全新鲜的空气的狭窄工作区域和工业、矿井等中的员工的呼吸道系统更加恶化。
潜在出现的小感染、高粘度分泌物生成的增加、难以清除并清洁支气管分支构成了一些呼吸道操作妨害。通常并且大多数时候,呼吸道系统操作的永久性恶化增加了呼吸道系统的病理困扰的可能性,诸如慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘、COPD(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)、肺气肿、肺癌等。
应用频繁清洁呼吸道系统的装置(每周施用热雾气吸入和桉树香精油或汤剂的添加)构成了呼吸道系统的预防性治疗,以便保护有机体免于病理困扰并且保证人类具有更好的生活质量。
另外,了解到通过吸入药物提供的治疗物质的总量,仅大约10%到达作为治疗目的的肺软细胞组织。
这是因为我们在吸入和呼气期间有如下损耗:
-在呼气期间,所产生的喷雾不被吸入,也由于逻辑关系而不会在环境中被中止,所以我们具有重要损耗。
-在吸入期间并且分别针对每个患者的吸入能力,所产生的喷雾的10%至30%未被吸入。
-2-5微米的药物物质的颗粒在呼吸道系统的进气道的粘膜中经历沉淀和阻塞,但是小于2微米的颗粒不会如此。
-在吸入期间,30%至60%的药物落在咽腔口腔部分。
-大约10%停留在装置的壁上。
具体实施方式
考虑到科学标识,我们进行了具有嵌入式系统的雾化器装置和吸入面罩的研究和开发,嵌入式系统用于同时加热生理盐水或与香精油或药物溶液混合的生理盐水和所产生的雾气,其具有为患者可愉悦承受的35℃至40℃的温度的温度调节器,该雾化器装置和吸入面罩易于使用并且绝对安全。
该装置由如下部件构成:
1)空气-电源管道-导线
2)雾化血清的装置(雾化器)以及
3)吸入面罩
更具体地:
空气-电源管道-导线:
在管道-导线(1)的两端被实现为,在中央端的细的安全电源连接头(2)和在外围端的安全电触点(3),它们使用穿过治疗管道主体的细电缆(4)连接。中央端在空气体积供应处结束,该供应具有细的安全电触点(5)。在相反方向上在外围端存在相同的情况,在此治疗管道的电触点(3)供应动力至位于雾化装置(16)的基座中的电源连接头(6),其在治疗管道的接纳口外围。通过这种构造,我们在未复杂化或阻碍进气道与供应的连接头的通常运动的情况下同时具有空气和动力供应,正如当前在全世界所应用的。
雾化血清的装置(雾化器):
雾化器(16)由具有圆锥形杯状内部基座的喷雾主体(7)组成。装置内部涂覆有薄且细的耐热材料片(8),耐热材料片(8)实现为在其与电源连接头(6)连接的整个内部表面上的耐热件构成的密集网(9)。该涂层以调节器(10)所调节的高达40℃的温度同时加热所包括的血清或溶液和所产生的吸入雾气。
喷雾的上出口(11)为圆形,并且其在后侧具有圆锥形扁平区域(12)。在开口的前边缘有电子传感器(17),电子传感器(17)对由患者呼出的空气的压力波动敏感。通过患者的这种刺激,电子传感器(17)具有改变在位于喷雾出口开口的内表面上的开口或电磁体(18)的边缘表面上的半圆形电磁体(13)极性的能力。扁平区域的表面基于直径等于开口直径的圆形硅片(14),圆形硅片(14)上下移动,关闭或打开尺寸等于雾气出口的开口,相应地阻止或准许空气进入吸入面罩,并且使外围磁极(15)具有与出口边缘开口的电磁体(13)相反的极性(异形(heteronyms)),这导致开口关闭。在另一版本中,传感器(17)改变电磁体(18)的极性,并且以成比例的方式(同形(homonyms)到异形电荷):a)从竖直位置到水平位置围绕其轴线移动,并且反之亦然,直径等于开口喷嘴的圆形叶轮(19),其在外围具有一对磁体(20),或b)两个半圆形翼片基于喷嘴(21)的壁从水平位置移动到垂直位置,且反之亦然,并且阻碍或准许喷雾的通路,翼片的总直径等于述开口的横截面。在每次呼气的最后并且在吸气开始之前,传感器(17)改变磁体(13)或(18)的极性,并且硅片或叶轮(19)或(21)关闭开口(11),并且阻碍蒸汽离开以便节约由于正在使用而被装置损耗在环境中的药物物质。另外,虽然开口关闭,但在装置内部,蒸汽的压力增加并且因此在吸入阶段,蒸汽在较大的压力、密度和温度作用下喷向开口和患者的鼻子,从而具有明显更好的效果。
通过另一个版本,传感器(17)激活薄机械系统,该薄机械系统由存在于相同地方(13)或(18)的弹簧构成,并且这种特定系统具有与电磁体完全相同的阀门操作。
吸入面罩:
在内侧具有适当的圆锥形通道构造的吸入面罩将呼气引导到存在传感器的雾气出口开口,并且在吸入期间反之,即面罩在吸入期间将雾气引导到口和鼻腔。
本发明不同并且优于具有相同目的的其他发明,即提供用于吸入的热溶液。例如,与美国专利No.4,911,157/27-03-1990或US2008142010或US3045670相比,除了其他不同以外,本应用的不同还在于:
1)其具有嵌入到空气管道-空气导管系统的电触点
2)以所选的温度同时加热溶液和雾气
3)具有分别在呼气和吸入期间周期性中断和提供喷雾的系统
4)是简单装置、易于使用、安全、轻便并且高效
5)与普遍的雾化器装置相比其安装所需的动作非常简单
6)其是雾化器而非加湿器,并且其根据伯努利定理由高压气体产生液滴和药物物质的雾气
7)整个装置的内部涂覆有耐热材料
8)其包括耐热件构成的密集网(9)使用其整个内表面来同时加热溶液和所产生的雾气,使得为雾气所选的温度在吸入出口之前一直相同。
鉴于上述原因,本申请是新颖的、创造性的并且具有工业应用。
附图说明
为使读者最佳理解该装置,以下描述了附图:
图1:具有中央边缘和外围边缘两个(2)边缘的空气-电源管道-导线。
图2:带有对应边缘连接的空气-电源管道-导线,其中该边缘连接具有电触点(中央电源和空气供应)和电源连接头(雾化器装置)。
图3和图4:电触点和电源连接头的描述。
图5:雾化器装置。
图6、图7、图8、图9、图10:用于受控提供喷雾的替代性系统(阀门)。
图11:吸入面罩。
Claims (9)
1.一种雾化器装置(16),其可连接到吸入面罩(22),所述雾化器装置包括:
主体,其包括:
溶液;
内部(7)表面,其涂覆有耐热材料涂层(8),整个涂层包括在整个内部表面上的耐热件构成的密集网(9);
基座,其可连接到空气-电源管道-导线(1)以从所述空气-电源管道-导线(1)接收压缩空气和动力来供应动力至所述耐热件并供应压缩空气至所述内部以便通过伯努利原理从所包含的溶液产生喷洒雾气;
出口(11),其提供所述产生的喷洒雾气至所述吸入面罩;
分别在呼气和吸气期间周期性中断和提供所述喷洒雾气的系统,其被配置为在每次呼气最后并且在每次吸气开始之前闭合吸入出口(11),
其中所述耐热件构成的密集网在其整个内部表面经配置在雾化期间加热所述溶液和所述产生的雾气且调节所述溶液和所述产生的雾气的温度并且直到所述雾气到达所述雾化器的所述吸入出口(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的雾化器装置(16),其进一步包括空气-电源管道-导线(1),其中所述空气-电源管道-导线(1)具有本体和两端,其中所述两端中的一端包括安全电源连接头(2)并且所述两端中的另一端包括第一安全电触点(3),所述两端使用穿过所述空气-电源管道-导线的所述本体的细电缆(4)连接,所述一端可连接到空气体积供应,该空气体积供应具有第二安全电触点(5);所述空气-电源管道-导线的所述第一安全电触点(3)提供动力到定位在治疗管道的接纳口处的电源连接头。
3.根据权利要求2所述的雾化器装置,其中:
所述基座是圆锥形杯状内部基座,所述耐热件被连接到所述接纳口(6)的所述电源连接头,并且其中,
所述雾化器装置(16)进一步包括温度调节器(10),其将所述溶液和所述雾气的温度调节在35℃到40℃之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的雾化器装置,其中所述溶液为生理盐水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的雾化器装置,其中所述溶液为与香精油混合的生理盐水。
6.根据权利要求1所述的雾化器装置,其中所述溶液为与煎煮的馏分油混合的生理盐水。
7.根据权利要求1所述的雾化器装置,其中所述溶液包括药物物质。
8.一种雾化器,其包括:
根据权利要求3-6中任一权利要求所述的雾化器装置,以及
吸入面罩(22)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的雾化器,其中所述吸入面罩(22)具有在内侧的圆锥形通道(23)的构造,所述通道(23)经配置将呼气引导朝向所述雾化器装置的存在电子传感器(17)的所述出口(11)的开口,并且在吸气期间将所述雾气引导到患者的口和鼻腔,所述电子传感器(17)对由患者呼出的空气的压力波动敏感。
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CN106723511A (zh) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 北京爱莫生健康科技有限公司 | 一种口罩 |
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EP2976119A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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