CN1053737C - Method and apparatus for compacting material samples - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for compacting material samples Download PDFInfo
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- CN1053737C CN1053737C CN 94191885 CN94191885A CN1053737C CN 1053737 C CN1053737 C CN 1053737C CN 94191885 CN94191885 CN 94191885 CN 94191885 A CN94191885 A CN 94191885A CN 1053737 C CN1053737 C CN 1053737C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of a test sample (12) of compacted materials, such as soil or pavers. The compacting apparatus comprises a press mold (11) for receiving the material test sample (12), a piston and a base (13) for supporting the second end (15) of the press mold, wherein the piston (20) capable of moving into the first opening end of the press mold (11) is used for ensuring axial compression force. During operation, the piston applies axial compression force when the press mold convolutes; during convolution, the press mold (11) moves from the initial middle position where the center longitudinal shaft (11a) and the compressing shaft (20a) of the pressing mold (11) are in the same line to the inclined operating position where the center longitudinal shaft (11a) of the pressing mold (11) deviates from the angle of the compressing shaft (20a); then, the base rotates relative to the press mold so that the center of the second end of the press mold convolutes around the compressing shaft (20a); therefore, the axially compressed material test sample (12) rotates. The rotation and the axial compression which are synchronous simulate the rolling of vehicle tires or other compacting apparatuses on the surfaces of materials.
Description
The present invention relates to the test unit and the method for material, more particularly, relate to the paveio(u)r compacting for analyzing apparatus and method with standard sample.
For the physical property of measured soil or paveio(u)r, density for example, moisture and compression strenght adopt the laboratory compacting machine under reproducible condition the loose sample of soil or paveio(u)r to be configured as the compacting sample.
The laboratory compacting machine that adopts compacting to make firm by ramming sees the U.S. Patent No. 2 980 978 (hereinafter to be referred as " 978 patent ") of Marshall (Marshall) for details.The device of ' 978 patent adopts makes firm by ramming the sample to soil or paveio(u)r to carry out axial compression repeatedly.Make firm by ramming is to provide with a tup repeated stock sample.Yet the compacting that the device of ' 978 patent provides only only limits to axial compaction.
In addition, also have some to provide the compacting function of axial compression that soil or paveio(u)r sample are circled round and knead sample effectively, Mike's auspicious (McRae) U.S. Patent No. 2 972 249 for example, 3 478 572,4 942 768 and 5 036 709 (hereinafter to be referred as " ' 249; ' 572, ' 768 reach ' 709 patents ") and Materials Research Laboratories Materials des Laboratoiresdes Ponts et Chaussees) title is the publication (hereinafter to be referred as " MLPC publication ") of " circle round and shear compacting machine ".The effect of circling round combines with the axial compression of sample, can more properly simulate the tire of vehicle or other compaction apparatus true pavement conditions when rolling across on the road surface.The laboratory compaction apparatus that patent that Mike is auspicious and MLPC publication are announced except along compressional axis compression sample, can also make restrained sample circle round.The effect of circling round is to provide by the angular variation of compressional axis by the pressing mold center longitudinal axis, and sample is retrained by pressing mold when sample circles round.
And the compaction apparatus that ' 249 He ' 572 patent and MLPC publication are announced has adopted the hydraulic actuation piston of a pair of opposite placement to carry out the axial compaction of sample.Adopt two hydraulic actuation pistons to require two cover hydraulic systems, thereby increased the complicacy of system, and the possibility that in hydraulic system, breaks down, for example conduit under fluid pressure leaks.
In addition, the cyclotron mechanism of the compaction apparatus that He ' 572, ' 249 patent is announced comprises the roller bearing of two opposed alignment, they be installed in the outward extending flange upper lip that rotates pressing mold on opposite face.Cyclotron mechanism and appended driven unit are installed in the pressing mold top that sample is housed.The position of cyclotron mechanism above pressing mold may increase the difficulty of sample and pressing mold loading and unloading.In addition, the operator must strictly observe the technical security program, to guarantee that all personnel leaves pressing mold and cyclotron mechanism before the beginning compacting.
Another kind can provide the compaction apparatus of axial compression to list in French Patent (FRP) No 2260432 (' 432 patent hereinafter to be referred as method) when material sample circles round.Method ' 432 patent is announced a kind of compaction apparatus with the upper and lower piston of hydraulic actuation, and its piston can insert the opposite end of pressing mold with compression material sample wherein.Lower piston is connected with the axle with variable degree of eccentricity, thereby pressing mold can be turned round by the bus along cone in compacting process.More particularly, when ' 432 patent pressing mold circled round according to method, the pitch angle of the pressing mold that limits between cone generatrices and the vertical parallax changed in the process of pressing periodically.
Therefore, the apparatus and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide compacting material.
Another object of the present invention is circle round in the axial compaction material apparatus and method of material sample of energy supply.
Another purpose of the present invention provides can be along the compressional axis compacting material time, with the circle round apparatus and method of material sample of the predetermined angle skew of leaving compressional axis.
Realize the method for these purposes of the present invention, provide a kind of compaction apparatus of material sample, it has reception and retrains the pressing mold that is compacted material sample, but the compression assembly of the restrained material sample of axial compaction, and the base assembly of supporting and circle round pressing mold and restrained material sample.In addition, pressing mold is preferably cylindrical shape.
Specifically, the pressing mold of compaction apparatus has center longitudinal axis and at least one openend and is used to receive the material sample that is compacted.Better scheme is that pressing mold has two opposing open end.Compaction apparatus also preferably includes first and second platens, and they are positioned at the pressing mold openend, is used to retrain the material that is compacted between them.Best and the first platen concerted action of tool of compression, in pressing mold, move first platen with respect to second platen vertically, thereby to constraining in the pressing mold restrained material between two platens along applying axial force of compression with the actual vertical compressional axis of platen surface.The shape of platen is preferably similar to the cavity shape of pressing mold, so that retrain the material sample in it more completely.
The compression assembly of material sample compaction apparatus preferably has piston, can so that along compressional axis material sample is applied force of compression, for example contact with the platen compression for first openend that enters pressing mold.Piston is preferably by a motor, clasfficiator motor activated for example, and be installed in to make on the framework and be confined to axially-movable.Drive unit can be by manual control, or by feedback signal, for example the feedback signal response control circuit of the index of material sample compression is controlled.Perhaps, piston is by hydraulic pressure or mechanically actuated.
When the base assembly of compaction apparatus is used for that material sample restrained in the pressing mold applied force of compression, second end of supporting pressing mold.Base assembly preferably has shift unit, can make an end of pressing mold, preferably second end displacement, make the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold leave its middle initial position and enter the inclination working position, the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold overlaps with compressional axis when middle initial position, and the center longitudinal axis angular variation of pressing mold goes out compressional axis when the inclination working position.
When pressing mold was in the tilt operation position, shift unit preferably also rotated or rotates around compressional axis with the platen center that is positioned at pressing mold second end, and the center of pressing mold first end keeps motionless substantially.This rotation makes circling round of pressing mold combine with axial compression, effectively compacting restrained material sample.
The base assembly of compaction apparatus also preferably has rotating disk and is suitable for the support plate of supporting turntable and it can be rotated.Compaction apparatus also preferably has the drive unit that is operatively connected with support plate, and support plate is rotated with rotating disk.
Support plate preferably has fabricated section, rotating disk can be installed on the support plate, and make the support plate radian limited with respect to dial rotation, thereby the initial position that pressing mold is overlapped with compressional axis by the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold moves to the operating position that the center longitudinal axis angular variation of pressing mold is opened compressional axis, and pressing mold has just tilted like this.
When rotating a limited radian, rotating disk is to rotate around predetermined rotation axis, and this axle is parallel to compressional axis and is offset by compressional axis when the moving axis rotation is rotated in the support plate wraparound.Base assembly also has makes support plate and the rotating disk device of wraparound rotation moving axis rotation together after rotating disk turns over limited radian.Circle round rotation axis and compressional axis be in same straight line and support plate and on the rotation of rotating disk the center that is positioned at the appended platen of pressing mold second end is turned round around compressional axis, the therefore pressing mold that circles round effectively and.Rotating disk preferably has outward extending positioning component, so that the deep-slotted chip breaker that limits by support plate is received, they are combined and have determined limited radian.Support plate also preferably has the axle offset assembly, selects the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold to leave the angle offset of compressional axis in order to control.The axle offset assembly preferably has at least one regulating stop that is positioned at deep-slotted chip breaker, in order to select the peripheral length of deep-slotted chip breaker.Regulating stop preferably has at least one screw rod and is screwed into by first end of deep-slotted chip breaker.
In the embodiment of a replacement, regulating stop preferably has the ring flat-plate that covers on the support plate, extends the peripheral length that projection is used to regulate deep-slotted chip breaker equally by ring flat-plate.The regulating stop that cooperates with ring flat-plate also preferably has the retainer positioning component that is connected with ring flat-plate, thereby makes the projection of ring flat-plate be positioned at deep-slotted chip breaker so that rotate ring flat-plate with respect to underlying support plate periphery.The angle that deep-slotted chip breaker extends through is variable, so that regulate the degree of tilt that passes to pressing mold, deep-slotted chip breaker preferably extends about 90 ° along support plate.
The material sample compaction apparatus also preferably has the flange that stretches out that is attached on pressing mold second end.In addition, the base of compaction apparatus preferably has a plurality of roller bearings along circumferential distribution that are attached on the rotating disk, in order to receive and to support outward extending flange.
The material sample compaction apparatus also preferably has the assembly of control from the axial compressive force of piston.Control Component preferably has measurement and imposes on the assembly of material sample axial compressive force, and preferably has the force cell of measuring axial compressive force.The axial compression force measurement preferably offers control circuit, in other words, preferably provides signal to driving motor, keeps substantially invariable force of compression with the axial location of regulating piston with on material sample.
Some feature and advantage of the present invention were narrated, and other can be understood clearly by acquisition in later on detailed narration and the accompanying drawing, in these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the positive eyesight of compaction apparatus of the present invention, and its piston is in raised position, and in order to clearly demonstrate, the part of device has provided the transverse section;
Fig. 2 is the amplification profile detail drawing of the compaction apparatus of Fig. 1, and its piston is in falls the position;
Fig. 3 illustrates device and is in initial middle position for the part drawing in side sectional elevation along Fig. 2 center line compaction apparatus that 3-3 intercepts;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view similar to Fig. 3, is equivalent to enter the tilt operation position after the compaction apparatus rotation shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 5～10 are the rotation pressing mold and the floor map of base when the different operating position of compaction apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a～10a is the position phasor corresponding to Fig. 5～10 pressing mold when the different operating position itself;
Figure 11 is the part drawing in side sectional elevation similar to Fig. 3, but that explanation is the replacement embodiment of compaction apparatus base;
Figure 12 is the part drawing in side sectional elevation of another replacement of compaction apparatus base embodiment;
Figure 13 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along the described compaction apparatus embodiment of Figure 12 center line Figure 12 that 13-13 intercepts.
Accompanying drawing below in conjunction with most preferred embodiment of the present invention comes more at large to illustrate the present invention.Yet the present invention can never be confined to embodiments herein with many multi-form enforcements, and the content intact that provides these embodiment to make announcement makes and is familiar with this professional people and can fully understands scope of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, material sample, for example the compaction apparatus 10 of soil or the loose sample of paveio(u)r can be used for breadboard subsequently physical property analysis.Compaction apparatus 10 has reception and retrains the pressing mold 11 that is compacted material sample 12, the compression assembly of the restrained material sample of axial compression, and the base assembly 13 of supporting and circle round pressing mold 11 and material sample thereof.Pressing mold 11 has center longitudinal axis 11a and at least one is compacted the openend 14 of material sample 12 in order to reception.As shown in Figure 1, second opposite end 15 of pressing mold 11 also can be an opening.Pressing mold 11 is preferably columnar, and it is suitable for centering on jacket 16, and further protects adiabatic in the overcoat 17 of packing into.Jacket 16 and overcoat 17 have reduced the heat ease of material sample 12 and have lost, thereby help its compacting.
Compression assembly mainly comprises piston 20, and first openend 14 that is used to enter pressing mold 11 applies force of compression along compressional axis 20a to the material samples 12 that constrain in the pressing mold 11, thereby makes material compaction.Piston 20 is installed in the framework 21, and its limited piston 20 is done axially-movable.In the compacting process of material sample 12, piston 20 moves to the position of falling shown in Figure 2 by raised position shown in Figure 1.
Piston carries out electric control along the most handy driving motor 25 of the axially-movable of framework, for example uses the clasfficiator motor.Driving motor 25 can manual control or with 59 controls of feedback signal response control circuit, for example with the index of material sample 12 compressions.Alternatively, the axially-movable of piston also can be controlled with hydraulic pressure or machinery.
As shown in Figure 1, driving motor 25 is connected with ball screw thread ground jack 22 electromechanical, the axial location of ball screw thread ground jack 22 control pistons 20.Ball screw thread ground jack 22 comprises housing 24, and lifting screw thread 24a slides therein.
Best, second lower skateboard 33 that leaves certain distance also is installed, along 26,27 motions of first and second guide shafts.Also have first and second perforation 34 on second lower skateboard 33, in order to pass first and second guide shafts 26,27.Slip collar 35 can be fixed on the lower skateboard 33 contiguous perforation 34 places, and to be fixed on the situation of following 33a of second slide plate 33 identical for slip collar 35 as shown in Figure 2.
In addition, piston 20 is connected on the following 30b of upper slide 30.Piston 20 preferably has the ring flat-plate 38 that is fixed to the axis of the piston 20 first ends.Piston 20 just can be slidingly connected on the upper slide 30 by circle sustained ring 40 like this, first end of circle sustained ring 40 is connected the following 30b of upper slide 30, and second end extend to ring flat-plate 38 below fix ring flat-plate 38, so just piston 20 is fixed on the upper slide 30.The lateral separation of circle between the sustained ring 40 is preferably such, when the inclination conversion of the slight variation of regulating the location with the transverse movement of regulating piston axle 20 and pressing mold 11, near ring flat-plate 38 remains on.Best placement surface bearing 41 between 30b and the ring flat-plate 38 below upper slide 30 is so that the relative rotation motion of driving system between them.
Lower skateboard 33 and upper slide 30 be by at least one, or a plurality of, and best two spring 42 offset separation are opened.Therefore, when the raised position of compaction apparatus 10 shown in Figure 1, upper slide 30 is spaced apart with lower skateboard 33 and separates.Otherwise, compaction apparatus 10 shown in Figure 2 fall the compacting position time, upper slide 30 is in less state at interval with lower skateboard 33.
Lower skateboard 33 has central hole 33b and is used for the axis of the piston 20 and passes.The diameter of the central hole 33b of second lower skateboard 33 is bigger than the diameter of the axis of the piston 20, thereby allows the axis of the piston 20 limited variation and transverse movements of laterally moving pressing mold 11 initial positions when regulating operation.
In addition, the most handy annulus 42 such pressing mold positioning components are fixed on the following 33a of lower skateboard 33 by for example threaded fastener 43.As shown in Figure 2, the profile of round locating ring 42 is preferably similar to the interior shape of pressing mold 11, pressing mold locating ring 42 is closely allocated in the pressing mold 11, thereby first openend 14 of pressing mold 11 is remained near the center line 20a of the axis of the piston 20.Pressing mold locating ring 42 also has central hole 42a, and it overlaps with the central hole 33b of lower skateboard 33, so that the axis of the piston 20 passes.The central hole 42a of pressing mold locating ring 42 preferably has the identical at least big diameter of central hole 33b with lower skateboard 33.
The most handy pin 44 is as steady arm, and it is contained on the lower skateboard 33 and is protruding by it.In addition, the sidewall of pressing mold first openend 14 has recessed pod 45 in order to receive steady arm.Therefore the aligning of lower skateboard 33 is convenient in the combination of steady arm and pod 45, also is convenient to aiming at of piston 20 and pressing mold 11, and this combination has also prevented the rotation of pressing mold 11 when circling round.
Second end of the axis of the piston 20 preferably is connected on the platen 46, as shown in Figure 1 with for example set screw 47.The horizontal edge of platen 46 preferably has tapering, so that can regulate the inclination with respect to piston 20 pressing molds 11 trace when material sample 12 circles round.The following 46a of platen 46 is preferably with ceramic disk fixed thereon 48.Ceramic disk 48 contacts with material sample 12, prevents platen 46 excessive wear owing to repeating contact material.In addition, ceramic disk 48 provides additional thermal insulation, thus the heat dissipation of material sample 12 when having reduced compacting.
The axis of the piston collar 50 also preferably is installed in the upper surface 46b place of contiguous platen 46 on every side of the axis of the piston 20.Set screw 51 is fixed to second end of the axis of the piston 20 shown in the axis of the piston collar 50 usefulness Fig. 1 and 2, and it has the ladder external diameter.Therefore, the 50a of first of the axis of the piston collar 50 has less diameter so that allocate the central hole 42a of pressing mold locating ring 42 into, and the second portion 50b of the axis of the piston collar 50 has the diameter greater than the central hole 42a of pressing mold locating ring 42, thereby contacts with pressing mold locating ring 42.So, when piston 20 is in raised position shown in Figure 1, the axis of the piston collar 50 supporting pressing mold locating ring 42 and lower skateboards 33.
Compaction apparatus 10 also preferably has the assembly that control piston 20 applies axial compressive force.Control Component preferably has measures the assembly that is applied to axial compressive force on the material sample 12, force cell 49 for example shown in Figure 1.Force cell 49 is preferably in the axle sleeve ring 36 and is a straight line with ground jack screw thread 24a and the axis of the piston 20.Therefore, force cell 49 can be measured by piston 20 and impose on the axial compressive force of material sample 12 and can provide signal to control circuit 59, and then controlling and driving motor 25, just the axial compressive force of constant basis preferentially can be imposed on material sample 12 so subsequently.
Second end 15 of pressing mold 11 is supported by base assembly 13.In one embodiment of the present invention, second end of pressing mold 11 has been installed pressing mold chassis 58, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.Base assembly 13 preferably has the assembly of mobile pressing mold 11 second ends, makes the center longitudinal axis 11a of pressing mold 11 depart from the centre position of at first beginning and forwards the tilt operation position to.Fig. 1,2 and 5 illustrate initial middle position, and at this moment the axle 20a of the center longitudinal axis 11a of pressing mold 11 and the axis of the piston 20 is a straight line, the latter has determined compressional axis, on the contrary, Fig. 6 shows the tilt operation position, and at this moment the central shaft 11a of pressing mold 11 is by angle of compressional axis 20a skew.When being in the tilt operation position, base assembly 13 can move with respect to pressing mold 11 shown in Fig. 7～10, and promptly the center of pressing mold chassis 58a is turned round at second end 15 around compressional axis 20a, and the center of first end 14 keeps overlapping substantially with compressional axis 20a.
Moreover base assembly 13 has the assembly of rotating disk 53 and supporting pressing mold 11 second ends 15, can make the rotating disk 53 of its below do relative motion.Bearing assembly preferably includes one group and is arranged on roller bearing 54 on the rotating disk 53 around pressing mold 11 second ends 15 peripheral intervals.In addition, second end 15 of pressing mold 11 preferably has outward extending flange 55.The roller bearing 54 of peripheral intervals setting preferably can receive and support outward extending flange 55.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, second ceramic disk 56 is installed preferably between rotating disk 53 and pressing mold chassis 58, so that relatively moving and reduce the heat dissipation of compacting material samples 12 between second end 15 of rotating disk 53 and pressing mold 11.Preferably insert a set collar 57 and remain on the inside surface of pressing mold 11 second ends 15.Set collar 57 supports and maintains the pressing mold chassis 58 of tapering and does limited axially-movable.
Base assembly 13 also preferably has the support plate 60 that rotating disk 53 is installed.In addition, base assembly 13 preferably has rotating disk 53 is installed to assembly on the support plate 60.Installation component allows rotating disk 53 to rotate a limited radian, makes second end 15 of pressing mold 11 change to the tilt operation position by initial middle position.Installation component preferably includes the bolt 61 that is inserted rotating disk 53 by the perforation of support plate 60, rotates around it so that allow.Bolt 61 and one group of bearing 64 are parallel to when having determined to rotate by limited radian and by the predetermined rotation axis 53a of the rotating disk 53 of compressional axis 20a skew.In addition, between bolt 61 and support plate 60, can insert wear ring 62 and thrust bearing 63, so that rotate around it and reduce damage.
As shown in Figure 2, rotating disk 53 is preferably by being installed on the support plate 60 by the center hub 53b that itself extends downwards, so that received by the central recess of support plate 60.Periphery along the center hub 53b of rotating disk 53 is installed one group of bearing 64, preferably conical bearing.Bearing 64 is installed in the raceway that the opposing sidewalls of the central recess of the center hub 53b of rotating disk 53 and support plate 60 limits.
Driven unit is connected with base assembly 13, preferably is connected with support plate 60 to make its rotation.Preferably driven unit has the sprocket wheel 66 of axial array, and its first face is fixed on the lower surface 53a of support plate 60.As shown in Figure 3, sprocket wheel 66 has some teeth of arranging along peripheral intervals, be used for receiving and with chain drive-belt 67 engagements.And chain drive-belt 67 is connected with suitable driver 68 and drives chain drive-belt 67, impels sprocket wheel 66 to rotate.
Second of sprocket wheel 66 with the bolster 70 fixing and supportings of circling round, so that further support pressing mold.The bolster 70 that circles round is installed in the supporting sleeve 71 around rotating with the rotation axis 70a that circles round of straight line with compressional axis 20a.The bolster 70 that circles round preferably has the installing plate 72 that is fixed on its first end, as shown in Figure 1, is used for drive sprocket 66 and support plate 60 fixing.Circle round the rotational motion of bolster 70 by one group of bearing 73, and preferably conical bearing is realized, this group Bearing Installation is around bolster 70 peripheries that circle round, in the raceway that limits between bolster 70 and the axle sleeve 71 that circles round.The axle sleeve 71 of bolster 70 of circling round can be connected with the bottom of framework 21, makes the relative position of piston 20 and pressing mold 11 and mobile controlled between them.
As shown in Figure 1, when operation pressing mold 11 be mounted with material sample 12 and be in initial middle position, and the center longitudinal axis 11a of pressing mold 11 and compressional axis 20a are a straight line.In addition, the center on first end 14 and pressing mold chassis 58 all overlaps with the center longitudinal axis 11a and the compressional axis 20a of pressing mold 11.Subsequently, piston 20 descends and enters first end 14 of pressing mold 11, carries out the axial compression of restrained material sample 12 as shown in Figure 2.On pitch or other paveio(u)r, roll across the kneading effect that causes in order more properly to simulate vehicle tyre or other compaction apparatus, pressing mold 11 when material sample 12 continues compression with rear-inclined and revolution.
The inclination of pressing mold 11 is to provide by the rotating disk 53 that is installed on the support plate 60, and support plate 60 is when wraparound rotation moving axis 70a rotates before rotating with rotating disk 53 engagement, and support plate 60 allows rotating disks 53 to turn over a limited radian around the rotation axis 53a that is scheduled to.Limited the beginning of rotating disk 53 rotated best combination by tenon bar and so on projection 74 and provided, projection 74 is extended outward in the deep-slotted chip breaker 75 that support plate 60 leaves by rotating disk 53, this groove is used to receive the projection 74 that stretches out of rotating disk 53, best, deep-slotted chip breaker 75 centers along predetermined rotation axis 53a, is in the first end 75a of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 at initial middle position projection 74.
For pressing mold is tilted, rotate support plate 60 by driver 68.70a begins rotational phase at support plate 60 wraparounds rotation moving axis, and rotating disk 53 is with respect to the rotation axis 70a transfixion of circling round, and deep-slotted chip breaker 75 moves with respect to projection 74.Deep-slotted chip breaker is in the initial position of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 first end 75a by projection shown in Figure 3, moves to the final position that projection 74 shown in Figure 4 is meshed with deep-slotted chip breaker 75 second end 75b.Rotating disk 53 is around the motion of predetermined rotation axis 53a with respect to support plate 60, and deep-slotted chip breaker 75 makes the central cross skew of pressing mold chassis 58a gradually with respect to the motion of projection 74, thereby second end 15 of pressing mold 11 is offset with respect to compressional axis 20a.The lateral excursion of pressing mold 11 second ends 15 tilts the effect ground of pressing mold 11 because the center of first end 14 of pressing mold 11 since the location of the interior annulus 42 of mould keep overlapping substantially with compressional axis 20a.
Angular variation between the degree of tilt of pressing mold 11 and pressing mold 11 center longitudinal axis 11a and the compressional axis 20a depends on the length of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 on the support plate 60 and the transversal displacement amount between compressional axis 20a and the predetermined transhipment axle 53a.
Though deep-slotted chip breaker 75 may extend to the angle of any hope, deep-slotted chip breaker 75 preferably extends at least 90 ° along support plate 60.Shown in Fig. 3 and 4, the length of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 can be regulated with the regulating stop 76 that is positioned at groove one end on the support plate 60.Regulating stop 76 can be screwed in the support plate 60 with screw thread, reaches in the deep-slotted chip breaker 75 and locatees, with the peripheral length of restriction deep-slotted chip breaker 75.Shown in Fig. 3 and 4, regulating stop 75 all can be installed in the two ends of deep-slotted chip breaker 75, with the degree of tilt of replenishment control pressing mold 11.Be positioned at the regulating stop 76 of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 first end 75a, guaranteed the accurate control that the center longitudinal axis 11a of pressing mold 11 aims at compressional axis 20a in initial middle position.
It is limited utilizing screw rod one class regulating stop to enter the effect that deep-slotted chip breaker 75 limits its peripheral length, because be straight-bar with due to final contact of deep-slotted chip breaker 75 curved walls.
In replacement embodiment shown in Figure 11, can one group of regulating stop 76 ' and 76 that is preferably screw rod be installed along deep-slotted chip breaker 75 ", and make it be in different positions.With select inserting one group of special screw rod, reach the peripheral length of replenishment control deep-slotted chip breaker 75 to the interior method of deep-slotted chip breaker 75.So, as shown in figure 11, insert retainer 76 and " can make acquisition insert the shorter deep-slotted chip breaker of retainer 76 '.
Replace among the embodiment at another, regulating stop comprises the ring flat-plate 80 that overlaps on the support plate 60 shown in Figure 12 and 13.Regulate the position of regulating stop in the present embodiment, the center longitudinal axis 11a of pressing mold 11 and the corresponding change of angular variation between the compressional axis 20a.Ring flat-plate 80 has the projection 81 that extends in the deep-slotted chip breaker 75, with outward extending projection 74 engagements of rotating disk 53 and the second end 75b of formation prolongation deep-slotted chip breaker 75.Ring flat-plate 80 also preferably has positioning component so that projection 81 is optionally located with respect to the deep-slotted chip breaker 75 of support plate 60.Preferably make the periphery formation of ring flat-plate 80 have some worm gears that are spaced tooth 82, and positioning component have screw rod 83, a plurality of teeth 82 crossing and engagements of its protruding screw thread 84 and ring flat-plate 80.Like this, the screw rod 83 of rotational positioning assembly, ring flat-plate 80 just can rotate with respect to support plate 60, thus the peripheral length of optionally regulating its deep-slotted chip breaker 76.
Therefore, for the pressing mold 11 that tilts makes it change operating position over to, available rotating disk 53 rotates with respect to support plate 60 around predetermined rotation axis 53a.Because rotating disk 53 rotates, the deep-slotted chip breaker 75 on the support plate 60 moves with respect to the projection 74 that stretched out by rotating disk 53, moves to final position shown in Fig. 4 and 6 by initial position shown in Fig. 3 and 5.
Driver 68 is rotated further support plate 60 and also drives rotating disk 53 rotations, because the second end 75b of the stretch out projection 74 and the deep-slotted chip breaker 75 of rotating disk 53 meshes together.Both be rotated further of support plate 60 and rotating disk 53 around carrying out with the collinear rotation axis 70a that circles round of compressional axis 20a.
Shown in Fig. 7～10 and corresponding diagram 7a～10a, the co-rotation of support plate 60 and rotating disk 53 wraparounds rotation moving axis 70a moves rotating disk 53 and the institute's peripheral intervals of adorning installation roller bearing 54 thereof together with respect to second end 15 of pressing mold 11.Therefore, the angular variation that limits between the center longitudinal axis 11a of the center of pressing mold chassis 58a with compressional axis 20a and pressing mold 11 is turned round around compressional axis 20a.When revolution, the center of pressing mold 11 first ends 14 keeps overlapping substantially with compressional axis 20a.
The center of pressing mold chassis 58a circles round pressing mold 11 around compressional axis 20a revolution effectively.In addition, apply axial compressive force simultaneously.Circling round combines with axial compression kneads material sample 12 effectively, executing the effect that refitting is put or vehicle rolls across thereby simulated.
When material sample 12 through after fully circling round, the method for available reverse support plate 60 rotation directions makes pressing mold 11 return to initial middle position.Reverse makes deep-slotted chip breaker 75 move with respect to the projection 74 that stretches out of rotating disk 53, returns to initial position shown in Figure 3 by final position shown in Figure 4.The inhour of pressing mold 11 was rotated when Fig. 5～10 and corresponding diagram 5a～10a had described revolution, and it clockwise rotates also is feasible.
Announced typical most preferred embodiment of the present invention in drawing and description, though use some buzzwords, these most preferred embodiments only are used for notion general and explanation, are not used for limiting the present invention, and scope of the present invention is listed in the following claims.
Claims (25)
1. the device (10) of a compacting material (12), it has:
Band central shaft (11a) and be used to receive the pressing mold (11) of first openend (14) that is compacted material; And
First openend that moves into above-mentioned pressing mold applies the compression assembly of force of compression with compacting material along compressional axis (20a) to the material in the pressing mold, it is characterized in that above-mentioned compaction apparatus also has:
The rotating disk (53) of above-mentioned pressing mold second end (15) is installed; And
Above-mentioned rotating disk and the support plate (60) that makes dial rotation are installed, rotating disk is converted to the tilt operation position of its center longitudinal axis by above-mentioned compressional axis angular variation around being parallel to compressional axis and being rotated by limited lonely degree with respect to support plate by the rotation axis (53a) that compressional axis is offset thereby make pressing mold be in collinear initial middle position by its center longitudinal axis and above-mentioned compressional axis.
2. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that it also has makes above-mentioned support plate (60) and above-mentioned rotating disk (53) the co-rotational assembly of wraparound rotation moving axis (70a) after dial rotation is by above-mentioned limited lonely degree, above-mentioned rotation axis and the above-mentioned compressional axis (20a) of circling round is in same straight line, and this rotation makes above-mentioned second end (15) of above-mentioned pressing mold (10) circle round around above-mentioned compressional axis.
3. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned rotating disk (53) has by its outward extending positioning component (74), and the arc groove (75) that above-mentioned support plate (60) is left can be used for receiving above-mentioned positioning component.
4. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 3 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned support plate (60) has the axle offset assembly in addition and is used for the side-play amount of the center longitudinal axis (16) of control selection pressing mold (10) for compressional axis (20a).
5. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 4 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned axle offset assembly has the regulating stop (76 that at least one is positioned at arc groove (75), 76 ', 76 "), thus can select the peripheral length of above-mentioned arc groove.
6. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that also having the driven unit (68) that is operatively connected with above-mentioned support plate (60), thereby above-mentioned support plate and above-mentioned rotating disk (53) all can be rotated around above-mentioned rotation axis (53a).
7. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that having the assembly that is installed in the flange that stretches out (55) on above-mentioned pressing mold (11) second ends (15) and is installed in above-mentioned pressing mold second end of supporting on the above-mentioned rotating disk (53), above-mentioned bearing assembly comprises the roller bearing (54) that one group of peripheral intervals is placed, and is used for receiving and supporting the above-mentioned flange that stretches out.
8. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 6 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned regulating stop (76,76 ', 76 ") has at least one screw rod that can be inserted by above-mentioned arc groove (75) first ends (75a).
9. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 5 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned regulating stop (76,76 ', 76 ") have a ring flat-plate (80) that overlaps on the above-mentioned support plate (60), and the peripheral length that is used to regulate arc groove (75) by the projection (81) that support plate extends.
10. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 9 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned regulating stop (76) also has the retainer positioning component that is operatively connected with above-mentioned ring flat-plate (80), be used to make above-mentioned ring flat-plate (80) with respect to the peripheral rotation of above-mentioned support plate (60), thereby above-mentioned projection (81) is located in above-mentioned arc groove (75).
11., it is characterized in that above-mentioned arc groove (75) extends at least 90 ° along above-mentioned support plate (60) according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 5 (12).
12. according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned compression assembly has piston (20), and compaction apparatus also has the assembly of the axial compressive force that applies of the above-mentioned piston of control.
13., it is characterized in that the assembly of above-mentioned control axial compressive force has the assembly of measuring the axial compressive force that imposes on material according to the device (10) of the described compacting material of claim 12 (12).
14., it is characterized in that it also has the assembly that axially transmits above-mentioned piston (20) in above-mentioned pressing mold (11) according to described compacting material of claim 13 (12) and device (10).
15. device (10) according to the described compacting material of claim 14 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned axial transfer assembly is a motor (25), this compaction apparatus also has the control circuit (59) of the above-mentioned measurement assembly of response, in order to control the axial transmission that above-mentioned motor offers above-mentioned piston (20).
16. device (10) according to the described compacting material of claim 1 (12), it is characterized in that above-mentioned compression assembly has piston (20), and above-mentioned piston have be fixed on its first end disk (46) in order to contact with above-mentioned material, the diameter of above-mentioned disk equals the internal diameter of above-mentioned pressing mold.
17. device (10) according to the described compacting material of claim 16 (12), it is characterized in that also having interior second disk (58) of pressing mold (11) second ends (15) of packing into, thereby make to be compacted material and to constrain between first disk (46) and second disk (58), the diameter of second disk equals the internal diameter of above-mentioned pressing mold.
18. the method for a compacting material (12), it has following steps:
Material is put into first openend (14) of pressing mold (11), and above-mentioned pressing mold has the center longitudinal axis (11a) of perforation;
First end by above-mentioned pressing mold compresses above-mentioned material along compressional axis (20a);
When above-mentioned axial compression, support second end (15) of above-mentioned pressing mold with rotating disk (53);
Be offset above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned pressing mold, the center longitudinal axis that makes pressing mold is in collinear initial middle position by the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold and compressional axis and is converted to the tilt operation position of the center longitudinal axis of pressing mold by the compressional axis angular variation; And
Move above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned pressing mold, the above-mentioned center longitudinal axis that makes pressing mold is around the above-mentioned second end place revolution of above-mentioned compressional axis at above-mentioned pressing mold, and the angular variation that keeps the skew operation between them, to set up simultaneously;
The method is characterized in that above-mentioned bias step has following steps:
With support plate (60) supporting turntable; And
Around being parallel to and rotating rotating disk by limited lonely degree with respect to support plate, make above-mentioned pressing mold move to the tilt operation position by initial middle position by the rotation axis that compressional axis moves.
19. the described debulking methods of claim 18, it is characterized in that above-mentioned mobile step be included in above-mentioned dial rotation by limited lonely degree after wraparound rotation moving axis (70a) rotate the step of above-mentioned support plate (60) and above-mentioned rotating disk (53) simultaneously, above-mentioned compressional axis (20a) is arranged to make this rotation to cause the revolution of second end (15) of above-mentioned pressing mold (11) around above-mentioned compressional axis.
20. according to the described debulking methods of claim 18, it is characterized in that the rotation operation of above-mentioned rotating disk (53), have pressing mold (11) center longitudinal axis (11a) and select step by the control of compressional axis (20a) side-play amount with respect to support plate (60).
21. according to the described debulking methods of claim 18, it is characterized in that above-mentioned supporting step comprises that second end (15) of above-mentioned pressing mold (11) supports step with one group of roller bearing (54) of placing at interval along above-mentioned pressing mold second end periphery, and above-mentioned mobile step comprises that the roller bearing wraparound rotation moving axis (70a) that whole above-mentioned peripheral intervals are placed rotates step, and above-mentioned rotation axis and the compressional axis (20a) of circling round is in same straight line.
22., it is characterized in that also comprising center longitudinal axis (11a) and the selection of the angular variation between the compressional axis (20a) regulating step that bias step is based upon pressing mold (11) according to the described debulking methods of claim 18.
23., it is characterized in that also being included in the step of controlling above-mentioned material (12) decrement in the above-mentioned compression step according to the described debulking methods of claim 18.
24., it is characterized in that above-mentioned controlled step comprises the step of measuring above-mentioned material (12) decrement according to the described debulking methods of claim 23.
25., it is characterized in that also comprising that maintenance is to the constant step of above-mentioned material (12) decrement according to the described debulking methods of claim 18.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94191885 CN1053737C (en) | 1994-04-05 | 1995-04-05 | Method and apparatus for compacting material samples |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US052,558 | 1993-04-23 | ||
| CN 94191885 CN1053737C (en) | 1994-04-05 | 1995-04-05 | Method and apparatus for compacting material samples |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1121744A CN1121744A (en) | 1996-05-01 |
| CN1053737C true CN1053737C (en) | 2000-06-21 |
Family
ID=5039542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94191885 Expired - Fee Related CN1053737C (en) | 1994-04-05 | 1995-04-05 | Method and apparatus for compacting material samples |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1053737C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100470229C (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2009-03-18 | 特罗克斯勒电子实验有限公司 | Gyratory compactor apparatus and associated devices and methods |
| CN1854734B (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2010-04-21 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Testing mould system and its operating method for triaxial experimental disturbed soil testing piece |
| CN101368940B (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Soil ramming device and its application |
| CN102435475B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-07-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation device of indoor single-cracked rock specimen |
| CN105220444A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州天裁纺织工艺品有限公司 | A kind of earmuff cloth automatic circular cutting head |
| CN106989974A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-07-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | One kind compacting diemaker |
| CN107421835B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2023-06-02 | 西华大学 | Reliability test system for tamping pick |
-
1995
- 1995-04-05 CN CN 94191885 patent/CN1053737C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1121744A (en) | 1996-05-01 |
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