CN105372704B - A kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction - Google Patents
A kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction.This method is using the single-frequency wave field of acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor；Calculate the characteristic value of the structure tensor；Using the characteristic value of the structure tensor, the direction of propagation of the seismic wave is determined.The accuracy for determining seimic wave propagation direction can be improved by the method that the embodiment of the present application is provided, the treatment effeciency of seismic data can also be improved.
Description
Technical field
This application involves oil exploration technology field, more particularly to a kind of method and dress for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction
It puts.
Background technology
The direction of propagation of seismic wave is a kind of important attribute of seismic wave, has great meaning to the processing of seismic data
Justice.At present, obtaining for seimic wave propagation direction is mainly realized by ray tracing technique and solved function equation in the prior art
It takes.Wherein, ray tracing is primarily referred to as determining that seismic wave propagated in actual formation penetrates according to the propagation law of seismic wave
Thread path mainly includes shooting method and bending method.Shooting method is mainly to determine that focus is sent by given primary condition
Ray starting point and terminal between shortest path.And bending method is mainly two-point boundary value problem, first in ray path
Starting point to a paths are given between terminal, cycling amendment then is carried out to given path, until correction amount very little is
Only.
During the application is realized, inventor has found that at least there are the following problems in the prior art：
When medium is more complicated, the spread speed of seismic ray in the medium may constantly change, so as to lead
Phenomena such as causing that intersection or blind area may occur by the ray of institute's given path, this, which may result in, accurately to determine ground
The direction of propagation of seismic wave, it is thus possible to a kind of new method be needed to determine the direction of propagation of seismic wave.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, is determined with improving
Go out the accuracy in seimic wave propagation direction.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction
It is realized in：
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, including：
Utilize the single-frequency wave field of the acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor；
Calculate the characteristic value of the structure tensor；
Using the characteristic value of the structure tensor, the direction of propagation of the seismic wave is determined.
In one embodiment, the single-frequency wave field obtains in the following manner：
Obtain seismic wave field and seismic velocity data in the first preset range in target area；
Using acquired seismic wave field and the seismic velocity data, the monochromatic corresponding to predeterminated frequency is obtained
.
In one embodiment, the single-frequency wave field obtained corresponding to predeterminated frequency includes：
Using one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method, underground different depth in first preset range is calculated
The single-frequency wave field at place.
In one embodiment, the characteristic value for calculating the structure tensor includes：
The structure tensor is carried out smooth；
The characteristic value of structure tensor after calculating smoothly.
In one embodiment, it is described that the structure tensor is smoothly included：
Using the coordinate points in a 3D data volume of the structure tensor as changing coordinates point；
Centered on the changing coordinates point, average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range is calculated；
Using obtained average value as the numerical value of the changing coordinates point；
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, remaining N-1 seat in the 3D data volume is calculated successively
The numerical value of punctuate；
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating, the structure is calculated successively
In amount in remaining M-1 3D data volume all coordinate points numerical value.
In one embodiment, the characteristic value using the structure tensor determines the direction of propagation bag of the seismic wave
It includes：
The characteristic value of maximum absolute value is chosen from multiple characteristic values of the structure tensor；
Feature vector corresponding to selected characteristic value is determined as to the normal direction of the seismic wave wavefront.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, including：
Structural unit, for utilizing the single-frequency wave field of the acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor；
Computing unit, for calculating the characteristic value of the structure tensor；
Determination unit for utilizing the characteristic value of the structure tensor, determines the direction of propagation of the seismic wave.
In one embodiment, the computing unit includes：
Smooth subelement, it is smooth for being carried out to the structure tensor；
Computation subunit, for calculate it is smooth after structure tensor characteristic value.
In one embodiment, the smooth subelement is specifically used for：
Using the coordinate points in a 3D data volume of the structure tensor as changing coordinates point；
Centered on the changing coordinates point, average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range is calculated；
Using obtained average value as the numerical value of the changing coordinates point；
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, remaining N-1 seat in the 3D data volume is calculated successively
The numerical value of punctuate；
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating, the structure is calculated successively
In amount in remaining M-1 3D data volume all coordinate points numerical value.
In one embodiment, the determination unit includes：
Subelement is chosen, for choosing the characteristic value of maximum absolute value from multiple characteristic values of the structure tensor；
Determination subelement, for the feature vector corresponding to selected characteristic value to be determined as the seismic wave wavefront
Normal direction.
As above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application as it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application is by using described in acquired
The single-frequency wave field of seismic wave, structural texture tensor；Calculate the characteristic value of the structure tensor；Utilize the feature of the structure tensor
Value can obtain seismic wave wavefront normal direction, it is achieved thereby that improving the mesh for the accuracy for determining seimic wave propagation direction
's.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise of not making the creative labor property
Under, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of the one embodiment for the method for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction in the application.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram using the obtained 15Hz single-frequency wave field of one-way wave continuation method.
Fig. 3 is the wave field extrapolation schematic diagram of upgoing wave.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram using the obtained 15Hz single-frequency wave field of round trip ripple continuation method.
Fig. 5 is the dip scanning result schematic diagram of single-frequency wave field.
Fig. 6 is the dip scanning result shown in Fig. 5 and the Overlay figure of single-frequency wave field.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structure diagram of the one embodiment for the device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction in the application.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method and device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction.
It is in order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, real below in conjunction with the application
The attached drawing in example is applied, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is merely a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application.Based on the embodiment in the application, this field is common
Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without creative efforts should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
The method in acquisition seimic wave propagation direction described herein is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Although
This application provides the method operating procedure as described in following embodiments or flow chart, but based on conventional or without creativeness
Work can include more or less operating procedures in the method.There is no necessary causal in logicality
In step, the execution sequence of these steps is not limited to execution sequence provided by the embodiments of the present application.The method in reality
In device or end product when performing, can either method shown in the drawings order be performed or held parallel according to embodiment
Row.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of the one embodiment for the method for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction in the application.It should
Method includes：
S110：Utilize the single-frequency wave field of the acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor.
The single-frequency wave field can refer to the seismic wave field corresponding to single frequency.Seismic wave field can refer to that seismic wave passes
The space broadcast.On the every bit in this space, certain moment has certain wavefront to pass through.In the energy of this space medium wave
Also propagate according to certain rules, all these rules can be by the physical property of medium the characteristics of focus and in this space
(mainly elasticity) and geometry determine.The seismic wave field can be that the process of calculations of offset is being carried out to seismic data
Middle acquisition, can usually P (t, x, y, z) be used to determine.Wherein, t represents the propagation time of seismic wave, and x is represented in x-axis direction
The propagation distance of seismic wave；Y represents the propagation distance of seismic wave on y-axis direction, z represent the propagation of seismic wave on z-axis direction away from
From.In the embodiment of the present application, z can represent subterranean depth.
The single-frequency wave field can obtain in the following manner：Obtain the earthquake in the first preset range in target area
Wave field and seismic velocity data；Using acquired seismic wave field and the seismic velocity data, default frequency is obtained
Single-frequency wave field corresponding to rate.
The seismic wave field can obtain during calculations of offset is carried out to seismic data.
The seismic velocity data can refer in the first preset range in the target area at each underground position
The velocity amplitude of (i.e. at different depth).Speed at each underground position can be expressed as v (x, y, z).Described first default model
It can be set centered on shot point to enclose, and can also be set centered on geophone station.The seismic velocity data can be with
It is chosen from the rate pattern established for target area.
During calculations of offset is carried out to seismic data, after the seismic wave field for determining target area, it can utilize
Wave field extrapolation method calculates the single-frequency wave field value of each depth in underground.The wave field extrapolation method can be one-way wave continuation side
Method or round trip ripple continuation method.
The one-way wave continuation method is referred to as the offset method based on one way wave equation, can refer to sound wave
Equation is decomposed into the equation of uplink and downlink independent propagation along depth direction, then can be to upgoing wave or down going wave along depth direction
Carry out recurrence calculation.Specifically, it can refer to subsurface source wave field from shot position continuation to reflecting interface；It then will reflection
The same time, according to wave field Diffusion Law, by reflected wave field uplink continuation to ground, is finally reached and examined as new focus by point
The wave field of wave point is overlapped.The one-way wave continuation method can also refer to subsurface source wave field from shot point continuation to reflection
Interface；Then using reflection point as new focus, by reflected wave field downlink continuation, finally reached to the ripple of preset the same time
Field is overlapped.At present, common one-way wave continuation method mainly includes one-way wave finite difference calculus, division step phase shift method, Fu
In leaf finite difference calculus and general screen method etc..Using one-way wave continuation method carry out recurrence calculation, can save calculation amount and
Storage resource.
The round trip ripple continuation method can refer to using the finite difference migration method based on round trip wave equation by
Recurrence calculation is carried out in time-domain to solve full acoustic wave equation.
In one embodiment, can using one-way wave continuation method come calculate the single-frequency wave field of each depth in underground can be with
Including following sub-step：
S111：Using acquired seismic wave field, three-dimensional one way wave equation is built.Specifically,
After the seismic wave field of target area is determined, using the seismic wave field, structure isotropism perfect elasticity is situated between
Scalar three-dimensional acoustic wave equation in matter, constructed three-dimensional acoustic wave equation can represent as follows：
In above formula, P (t, x, y, z) is wave field, and v (x, y, z) is acoustic wave propagation velocity.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional acoustic wave equation is subjected to Fourier transformation to x, y, z and t respectively.Assuming that v (x, y, z) is definite value
When, obtained propagation equation is as follows：
In above formula, kx、kyAnd kzRespectively correspond to the wave number domain variable of x, y and z；The π f of ω=2.Wherein, positive and negative number point
It Biao Shi not upgoing wave and down going wave.
For upgoing wave, Fourier inversion is carried out to the z variables in formula (2), following three-dimensional one-way wave sides can be obtained
Journey：
For down going wave, constructed three-dimensional one way wave equation is as follows：
S112：Using acquired seismic velocity data and constructed three-dimensional one way wave equation, default frequency is calculated
Single-frequency wave field corresponding to rate.
After the three-dimensional monophone wave equation of structure upgoing wave or down going wave, the acquired wave speed of the earthquake number of degrees can be utilized
According to the single-frequency wave field corresponding to calculating predeterminated frequency.Specifically,
In one embodiment, acquired seismic velocity data can be utilized first, calculated each in preset range
One way wave field at depth location；Then according to the one way wave field at obtained each depth location, predeterminated frequency is calculated
Predeterminated frequency (such as 15Hz) is updated in obtained one way wave field, you can preset by corresponding single-frequency wave field
Single-frequency wave field corresponding to frequency.Fig. 2, which is shown, utilizes the obtained 15Hz single-frequency wave field of one-way wave continuation method.
The one way wave field calculated in preset range at each depth location can include：It first can be to formula (3)
It is integrated；Then Fourier inversion is carried out to x and y variables, obtains the expression formula of ground one way wave field；It again will be acquired
The spread speed of seismic wave on the ground is substituted into obtained expression formula in seismic velocity data, so as to calculate ground
One way wave field when face one way wave field, i.e. depth are 0 can use P (x, y, 0, t) to represent；It is finally that obtained ground is single
Journey wave field carries out recurrence calculation along z-axis negative direction, and utilizes in acquired seismic velocity data at each depth location
Speed calculates the one way wave field at each depth location in preset range.Fig. 3 shows the wave field extrapolation signal of upgoing wave
Scheme, v1, v2 and v3 are illustrated respectively in the spread speed of seismic wave at depth delta z, 2 Δ z and 3 Δ z in figure.
The one way wave field calculated in preset range at each depth location can also include：It first can be to formula
(4) integrated；Then Fourier inversion is carried out to x and y variables, obtains the expression formula of ground one way wave field；It will be obtained again
Spread speed of the seismic wave at shot point is substituted into obtained expression formula in the seismic velocity data taken, so as to calculate
Go out the one way wave field at shot point, such as one way wave field when depth is h, P (x, y, h, t) can be used to represent；Finally by gained
The one way wave field arrived carries out recurrence calculation along z-axis positive direction, and utilizes each depth position in acquired seismic velocity data
The speed at place is put, calculates the one way wave field at each depth location in preset range.
Recurrence calculation can be carried out along z-axis negative direction or positive direction to seismic wave field using method of the prior art,
It is no longer superfluous herein to chat.
In another embodiment, can using round trip ripple continuation method come calculate the single-frequency wave field of each depth in underground can
To include following sub-step：
S111’：Using acquired seismic wave field, three-dimensional round trip wave equation is built.
S112’：Using acquired seismic velocity data and constructed three-dimensional round trip wave equation, default frequency is calculated
Single-frequency wave field corresponding to rate.
Acquired seismic velocity data can be utilized first, calculated double at each depth location in preset range
Journey wave field；Then according to the two-way wave field at obtained each depth location, the monochromatic corresponding to predeterminated frequency is calculated
.It specifically, can be by the way that the two-way wave field of time-domain be multiplied by exponential function e-iωtRound trip wave field is converted into frequency
The two-way wave field in domain, then predeterminated frequency (such as 15Hz) is updated in obtained two-way wave field, obtain the two-way wave field
Real part numerical value, you can obtain the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.Fig. 4 shows obtained using round trip ripple continuation method
The single-frequency wave field of 15Hz.
The specific implementation procedure of above-mentioned two step may be referred to method of the prior art, no longer superfluous herein to chat.
Utilize the single-frequency wave field structure corresponding to one-way wave continuation method or the obtained predeterminated frequency of round trip ripple continuation method
Into three-dimensional wavefield data body.The three-dimensional wavefield data body can be understood as a three-dimensional wave field, and tool is each put in the wave field
There is wave field value.
After the single-frequency wave field in the first preset range corresponding to predeterminated frequency is obtained, obtained monochromatic can be utilized
Field structural texture tensor.
It is possible, firstly, to calculate the gradient in the single-frequency wave field at each position (i.e. each coordinate points), obtained ladder
Degree can represent as follows：
In above formula,For the gradient of single-frequency wave field I.When working as x, y and z and taking different numerical value, you can obtain single-frequency wave field and exist
Gradient at each point.Gradient in the single-frequency wave field at each coordinate points is the matrix of 1x3 (1 row 3 arranges) dimension.In matrix
Each element be partial derivative of the single-frequency wave field on x, y or z directions respectively, each element may each be a three-dimensional data
Body, i.e., each element may each be fit for the data set of position function with three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z).
It is then possible to utilize the gradient of obtained single-frequency wave field, structural texture tensor.It specifically can be by described
The gradient of single-frequency wave field carries out transposition computing and carrys out structural texture tensor, i.e., the transposition of the gradient and the gradient is carried out phase
Multiply, obtain structure tensor.
The structure tensor T constructed can represent as follows：
Said structure tensor T is the matrix of a 3x3 dimension, and each element in matrix is also 3D data volume, should
The numerical value of each coordinate points is single-frequency wave field in x in 3D data volume, the product of the partial derivative in y and z directions between any two.
The change direction and the variable quantity size along change direction that the structure tensor can represent target area.Wherein,
The feature vector of the structure tensor can reflect the direction that regional area changes in target area, and characteristic value can reflect institute
State the size of variable quantity.For three-dimensional data, the structure tensor can be positive semidefinite matrix, the main feature of the positive semidefinite matrix
Vector can represent to be orthogonal to the gradient direction on stratum, other two feature vector can represent the plane parallel to stratum direction
Direction.
S120：Calculate the characteristic value of the structure tensor.
After structure tensor is constructed, the structure tensor can be carried out first smoothly, after then can calculating smoothly
Structure tensor characteristic value.
It is described that structure tensor progress can smoothly be referred to carry out the numerical value of each element in the structure tensor
Smoothly, can specifically include：Using the coordinate points in a 3D data volume of the matrix as changing coordinates point；Then
Centered on the changing coordinates point, average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range is calculated, such as calculates and is somebody's turn to do
The numerical value of changing coordinates point and the average value around it between numerical value of adjacent coordinates point；Again using obtained average value as institute
State the numerical value of changing coordinates point；Then according to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, the three-dimensional data is calculated successively
The numerical value of remaining N-1 coordinate points in body；Finally according to the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating
Method calculates the numerical value of all coordinate points in remaining M-1 3D data volume in the structure tensor successively.Wherein, N is one
The number of coordinate points in 3D data volume；M is the number of 3D data volume, and M is 9 in one embodiment.
Structure tensor progress can be smoothly formulated as follows：
In above formula, ST be it is smooth after structure tensor；Summation symbol ∑ represents smoothing computation.
The structure tensor is the matrix of 3x3, thus there are three characteristic values for the structure tensor.Existing mathematics can be utilized
Method calculates the characteristic value of structure tensor, no longer superfluous herein to chat.
S130：Determine the direction of propagation of the seismic wave.
After the characteristic value of the structure tensor is calculated, all characteristic values can be compared, from all spies
The characteristic value of maximum absolute value is selected in value indicative.It is by the feature vector corresponding to the characteristic value of selected maximum absolute value
Main feature vector.The main feature vector is the normal direction of seismic wave wavefront, can describe the party with two xdip, ydip
To, wherein xdip be seismic wave wavefront normal in the projection of xz planes and the angle of z-axis, ydip is seismic wave wavefront normal in yz
The projection of plane and the angle of z-axis.
It can be seen that after the characteristic value of the structure tensor is obtained, it may be determined that go out seismic wave wavefront normal and put down in xz
The projection in face and the angle of z-axis and the normal determine the biography of the seismic wave in the projection of yz planes and the angle of z-axis
Broadcast direction.
It is above-mentioned using single-frequency wave field come structural texture tensor, and mistake that is smooth and asking for characteristic value is carried out to structure tensor
Journey can be referred to as being scanned single-frequency wave field using structure tensor dip scanning method.
Fig. 5-Fig. 6 respectively illustrate the dip scanning result of single-frequency wave field schematic diagram and the dip scanning result with
The overlapping effect diagram of single-frequency wave field.From this two width it can be seen from the figure that using structure tensor to gained after the processing of single-frequency wave field
To the tendency of seismic wave match with the direction of propagation of seismic wave in the single-frequency wave field, it can be seen that implemented using the application
The method that example provides can accurately determine the direction of propagation of seismic wave.
By foregoing description as can be seen that the embodiment of the present application is by using acquired seismic wave field and wave speed of the earthquake
Degrees of data obtains the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency；Utilize the single-frequency wave field, structural texture tensor；Obtain the knot
The characteristic value of structure tensor can obtain seismic wave wavefront normal in the projection of xz planes and the angle of z-axis using the characteristic value
And the normal determines the accurate of seimic wave propagation direction in the projection of yz planes and the angle of z-axis it is achieved thereby that improving
The purpose of property.Moreover, in the embodiment of the present application when obtaining the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency, recurrence calculation is being carried out
The seismic wave propagation speed utilized in the process can be variation, this just can constantly become with actual underground medium medium velocity
The situation of change is coincide, thus may further ensure that the accuracy in determined seimic wave propagation direction.In addition, the application is real
Apply utilized in example be in migration before stack calculating process obtained seismic wave field come the direction that calculates seismic wave rather than into
After row migration before stack calculates, solving wave equations, therefore the method provided using the embodiment of the present application again can improve
The treatment effeciency of seismic data also helps the extraction of follow-up incident angle gathers.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, as shown in Figure 7.The device can be with
Including：Structural unit 710, computing unit 720 and determination unit 730.Wherein, structural unit 710 can be used for using being obtained
The single-frequency wave field of the seismic wave taken, structural texture tensor.Computing unit 720 can be used for the spy for calculating the structure tensor
Value indicative；Determination unit 730 can be used for the characteristic value using the structure tensor, determine the direction of propagation of the seismic wave.
In one embodiment, computing unit 720 can include (not shown)：
Smooth subelement, it is smooth for being carried out to the structure tensor.The smooth unit specifically can be used for will be described
A coordinate points in one 3D data volume of structure tensor are as changing coordinates point；Centered on the changing coordinates point, meter
Calculate average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range；Using obtained average value as the changing coordinates point
Numerical value；According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, remaining N-1 coordinate points in the 3D data volume are calculated successively
Numerical value；According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating, the structure is calculated successively
In amount in remaining M-1 3D data volume all coordinate points numerical value.
Computation subunit, for calculate it is smooth after structure tensor characteristic value.
In one embodiment, determination unit 730 can include (not shown)：
Subelement is chosen, for choosing the characteristic value of maximum absolute value from multiple characteristic values of the structure tensor；
Determination subelement, for the feature vector corresponding to selected characteristic value to be determined as the seismic wave wavefront
Normal direction.
System, device or the unit that above-described embodiment illustrates can specifically be realized, Huo Zheyou by computer chip or entity
There is certain product to realize.
For convenience of description, it is divided into various units during description apparatus above with function to describe respectively.Certainly, this is being implemented
The function of each unit is realized can in the same or multiple software and or hardware during application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that the embodiment of the present invention arranges
Various illustrative components, blocks, unit and the step gone out can be realized by the combination of hardware, software or both.To then passing through
Hardware or software depend on specific application and the design requirement of whole system to realize.Those skilled in the art can be for
Each is specifically applied, and various methods can be used to realize the function, but this realization is understood not to beyond this hair
The scope of bright embodiment protection.
Various illustrative logical blocks or unit described in the embodiment of the present invention can be by general processors, number
Word signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit (AS work C), field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate
Or described function is realized or operated in transistor logic, the design of discrete hardware components or any of the above described combination.General place
It can be microprocessor, optionally, the general processor or any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller to manage device
Device or state machine.Processor can also be realized by the combination of computing device, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor,
Multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessors combine a digital signal processor core or any other like configuration
To realize.
The step of method or algorithm described in the embodiment of the present invention can be directly embedded into hardware, processor perform it is soft
The combination of part module or the two.Software module can be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM storages
Other any form of storaging mediums in device, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this field
In.Illustratively, storaging medium can be connected with processor, so that processor can read information from storaging medium, and
It can be to storaging medium stored and written information.Optionally, storaging medium can also be integrated into processor.Processor and storaging medium can
To be arranged in ASIC, ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Optionally, processor and storaging medium can also be arranged at use
In different components in the terminal of family.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Point just to refer each other, and the highlights of each of the examples are difference from other examples.It is real especially for system
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application there are many deformation and
Variation is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, which is characterized in that including：Using the single-frequency wave field of acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor, each element in the structure tensor is three Dimension data body；Calculate the characteristic value of the structure tensor；Using the characteristic value of the structure tensor, the direction of propagation of the seismic wave is determined,Wherein, calculating the characteristic value of the structure tensor includes：The structure tensor is carried out smooth；The characteristic value of structure tensor after calculating smoothly；Wherein, the structure tensor is smoothly included：Using the coordinate points in a 3D data volume of the structure tensor as changing coordinates point；Centered on the changing coordinates point, average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range is calculated；Using obtained average value as the numerical value of the changing coordinates point；According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, remaining N-1 coordinate points in the 3D data volume are calculated successively Numerical value, N is the number of coordinate points in 3D data volume；According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating, calculate successively in the structure tensor The numerical value of all coordinate points in remaining M-1 3D data volume, M are the number of 3D data volume.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the single-frequency wave field obtains in the following manner：Obtain seismic wave field and seismic velocity data in the first preset range in target area；Using acquired seismic wave field and the seismic velocity data, the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency is obtained.
- 3. the according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, single-frequency wave field bag obtained corresponding to predeterminated frequency It includes：Using one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method, calculate in first preset range at the different depth of underground Single-frequency wave field.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the characteristic value using the structure tensor, determines institute Stating the direction of propagation of seismic wave includes：The characteristic value of maximum absolute value is chosen from multiple characteristic values of the structure tensor；Feature vector corresponding to selected characteristic value is determined as to the normal direction of the seismic wave wavefront.
- 5. a kind of device for obtaining seimic wave propagation direction, which is characterized in that including：Structural unit, for utilizing the single-frequency wave field of the acquired seismic wave, structural texture tensor, in the structure tensor Each element be 3D data volume；Computing unit, for calculating the characteristic value of the structure tensor；Determination unit for utilizing the characteristic value of the structure tensor, determines the direction of propagation of the seismic wave,Wherein, the computing unit includes：Smooth subelement, it is smooth for being carried out to the structure tensor；Computation subunit, for calculate it is smooth after structure tensor characteristic value；Wherein, the smooth subelement is specifically used for：Using the coordinate points in a 3D data volume of the structure tensor as changing coordinates point；Centered on the changing coordinates point, average value of the changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range is calculated；Using obtained average value as the numerical value of the changing coordinates point；According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned one coordinate points of calculating, remaining N-1 coordinate points in the 3D data volume are calculated successively Numerical value；According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned one 3D data volume of calculating, calculate successively in the structure tensor The numerical value of all coordinate points in remaining M-1 3D data volume.
- 6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the determination unit includes：Subelement is chosen, for choosing the characteristic value of maximum absolute value from multiple characteristic values of the structure tensor；Determination subelement, for the feature vector corresponding to selected characteristic value to be determined as to the normal of the seismic wave wavefront Direction.
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