CN105372704A - Method and device for obtaining seismic wave propagation direction - Google Patents
Method and device for obtaining seismic wave propagation direction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiments of the invention disclose a method and a device for obtaining a seismic wave propagation direction. The method comprises the steps of: utilizing an obtained single-frequency wave field of seismic waves to construct a structure tensor; and utilizing the characteristic value of the structure tensor to determine the propagation direction of the seismic waves. By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the accuracy of seismic wave propagation direction determination is improved, and the processing efficiency of seismic data is also improved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to oil exploration technology field, particularly a kind of method and device obtaining seismic wave propagation direction.
Background technology
Earthquake direction of wave travel is a kind of important attribute of seismic event, is significant to the process of seismic data.At present, the acquisition in seismic wave propagation direction is realized in prior art mainly through ray tracing technique and solved function equation.Wherein, ray tracing mainly refers to the raypath that the propagation law of base area seismic wave carrys out seismic wave definitely and propagates in actual formation, and it mainly comprises shooting method and bending method.Shooting method mainly determines the shortest path between the starting point of the ray that focus sends and terminal by given starting condition.And bending method mainly two-point boundary value problem, first in the starting point of raypath to a given paths between terminal, then circulation correction is carried out to given path, until correction is very little.
Realizing in the application's process, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems:
When medium more complicated, seismic ray velocity of propagation in the medium may constantly change, thus the phenomenons such as intersection or blind area may be there is in the ray resulting through institute's given path, this may cause cannot accurately determining earthquake direction of wave travel, and a kind of new method therefore may be needed to determine earthquake direction of wave travel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of method and the device that obtain seismic wave propagation direction, to improve the accuracy determining seismic wave propagation direction.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present application provide a kind of obtain seismic wave propagation direction method and device be achieved in that
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method obtaining seismic wave propagation direction, comprising:
Utilize the single-frequency wave field of the described seismic event obtained, structural texture tensor;
Calculate the eigenwert of described structure tensor;
Utilize the eigenwert of described structure tensor, determine described earthquake direction of wave travel.
In one embodiment, described single-frequency wave field obtains in the following manner:
Obtain the seismic wave field in target area in the first preset range and seismic velocity data;
Utilize the seismic wave field and described seismic velocity data that obtain, obtain the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.
In one embodiment, the single-frequency wave field corresponding to described acquisition predeterminated frequency comprises:
Utilize one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method, calculate the single-frequency wave field at different depth place, underground in described first preset range.
In one embodiment, the eigenwert of the described structure tensor of described calculating comprises:
Smoothing to described structure tensor;
Calculate the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
In one embodiment, describedly to comprise described structure tensor is smoothing:
Using the coordinate points in described structure tensor 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point;
Centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range;
Using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point;
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, calculate the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume successively;
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively.
In one embodiment, the described eigenwert utilizing described structure tensor, determine that described earthquake direction of wave travel comprises:
The eigenwert of maximum absolute value is chosen from multiple eigenwerts of described structure tensor;
Proper vector corresponding to selected eigenwert is defined as the normal direction of described seismic event wavefront.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device obtaining seismic wave propagation direction, comprising:
Tectonic element, for utilizing the single-frequency wave field of obtained described seismic event, structural texture tensor;
Computing unit, for calculating the eigenwert of described structure tensor;
Determining unit, for utilizing the eigenwert of described structure tensor, determines described earthquake direction of wave travel.
In one embodiment, described computing unit comprises:
Level and smooth subelement, for smoothing to described structure tensor;
Computation subunit, for calculating the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
In one embodiment, described level and smooth subelement specifically for:
Using the coordinate points in described structure tensor 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point;
Centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range;
Using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point;
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, calculate the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume successively;
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively.
In one embodiment, described determining unit comprises:
Choose subelement, for choosing the eigenwert of maximum absolute value from multiple eigenwerts of described structure tensor;
Determine subelement, for the proper vector corresponding to selected eigenwert being defined as the normal direction of described seismic event wavefront.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application is by utilizing the single-frequency wave field of the described seismic event obtained, structural texture tensor; Calculate the eigenwert of described structure tensor; Utilize the eigenwert of described structure tensor can obtain seismic event wavefront normal direction, thus achieve the object improving and determine the accuracy in seismic wave propagation direction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram obtaining an embodiment of the method in seismic wave propagation direction in the application.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the 15Hz single-frequency wave field utilizing one-way wave continuation method to obtain.
Fig. 3 is the wave field extrapolation schematic diagram of upward traveling wave.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the 15Hz single-frequency wave field utilizing round trip ripple continuation method to obtain.
Fig. 5 is the dip scanning result schematic diagram of single-frequency wave field.
Fig. 6 is the Overlay figure of the dip scanning result shown in Fig. 5 and single-frequency wave field.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation obtaining an embodiment of the device in seismic wave propagation direction in the application.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method and the device that obtain seismic wave propagation direction.
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the method for accompanying drawing to the acquisition seismic wave propagation direction described in the application.Although this application provides the method operation steps as described in following embodiment or process flow diagram, based on conventional or more or less operation steps can be comprised in the process without the need to performing creative labour.Logicality does not exist in necessary causal step, the execution sequence of these steps is not limited to the execution sequence that the embodiment of the present application provides.When the device in practice of described method or end product perform, can perform or executed in parallel according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings order.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram obtaining an embodiment of the method in seismic wave propagation direction in the application.The method comprises:
S110: the single-frequency wave field utilizing the described seismic event obtained, structural texture tensor.
Described single-frequency wave field can refer to the seismic wave field corresponding to single frequency.Seismic wave field can refer to the space of seismic wave propagation.On the every bit in this space, certain moment has certain wavefront to pass through.Also propagate according to certain rules at the energy of this space medium wave, all these rules can be by the feature of focus and in this space the physical property (mainly elasticity) of medium and geometry decide.Described seismic wave field can be obtain in the process of geological data being carried out to calculations of offset, and P (t, x, y, z) usually can be used to determine.Wherein, t represents the travel-time of seismic event, and x represents the propagation distance of seismic event on x-axis direction; Y represents the propagation distance of seismic event on y-axis direction, and z represents the propagation distance of seismic event on z-axis direction.In the embodiment of the present application, z can represent subterranean depth.
Described single-frequency wave field can obtain in the following manner: obtain the seismic wave field in target area in the first preset range and seismic velocity data; Utilize the seismic wave field and described seismic velocity data that obtain, obtain the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.
Described seismic wave field can obtain in the process of geological data being carried out to calculations of offset.
Described seismic velocity data can refer to the velocity amplitude at interior each underground position place (i.e. different depth place) of the first preset range in the target area.The speed at each underground position place can be expressed as v (x, y, z).Described first preset range can be set centered by shot point, also can set centered by geophone station.Described seismic velocity data can be chosen from the rate pattern set up for target area.
Geological data is being carried out in the process of calculations of offset, after determining the seismic wave field of target area, wave field extrapolation method can utilized to calculate the single-frequency wave field value of each degree of depth in underground.Described wave field extrapolation method can be one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method.
Described one-way wave continuation method also can be called the offset method based on one way wave equation, it can refer to equation ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION being decomposed into uplink and downlink independent propagation along depth direction, then can carry out recurrence calculation to upward traveling wave or down going wave along depth direction.Concrete, can refer to subsurface source wave field from sp location continuation to reflecting interface; Then using reflection spot as new focus, according to wave field Diffusion Law, by up for reflected wave field continuation to ground, finally the wave field of same time arrival geophone station is superposed.Described one-way wave continuation method can also refer to subsurface source wave field from shot point continuation to reflecting interface; Then using reflection spot as new focus, by descending for reflected wave field continuation, the wave field finally same time being arrived preset superposes.At present, conventional one-way wave continuation method mainly comprises one-way wave method of finite difference, division step phase-shift method, Fourier finite-difference method and general screen method etc.Utilize one-way wave continuation method to carry out recurrence calculation, calculated amount and storage resources can be saved.
Described round trip ripple continuation method can refer to and utilize the finite difference migration method based on round trip wave equation to solve full acoustic wave equation by carrying out recurrence calculation in time domain.
In one embodiment, one-way wave continuation method can be utilized can to comprise following sub-step to the single-frequency wave field calculating each depth in underground:
S111: utilize the seismic wave field obtained, build three-dimensional one way wave equation.Concrete,
After determining the seismic wave field of target area, utilize described seismic wave field, build the scalar three-dimensional acoustic wave equation in isotropy perfectly elastic media, constructed three-dimensional acoustic wave equation can be expressed as follows:
In above formula, P (t, x, y, z) is wave field, and v (x, y, z) is acoustic wave propagation velocity.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional acoustic wave equation is carried out Fourier transform to x, y, z and t respectively.When supposing v (x, y, z) for definite value, the propagation equation obtained is as follows:
In above formula, k
x, k
yand k
zbe respectively the wavenumber domain variable corresponding to x, y and z; ω=2 π f.Wherein, positive and negative number represents upward traveling wave and down going wave respectively.
For upward traveling wave, Fourier inversion is carried out to the z variable in formula (2), following three-dimensional one way wave equation can be obtained:
For down going wave, constructed three-dimensional one way wave equation is as follows:
S112: utilize the seismic velocity data and constructed three-dimensional one way wave equation that obtain, calculate the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.
After the three-dimensional monophone wave equation building upward traveling wave or down going wave, obtained seismic velocity data can be utilized, calculate the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.Concrete,
In one embodiment, first can utilize obtained seismic velocity data, calculate the one way wave field at each depth location place in preset range; Then according to the one way wave field at obtained each depth location place, calculate the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency, be updated in obtained one way wave field by predeterminated frequency (such as 15Hz), the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency can be obtained.Fig. 2 shows the 15Hz single-frequency wave field utilizing one-way wave continuation method to obtain.
The described one way wave field calculating each depth location place in preset range can comprise: first can carry out integration to formula (3); Then Fourier inversion is carried out to x and y variable, obtain the expression formula of ground one way wave field; Again the velocity of propagation on the ground of seismic event in obtained seismic velocity data is substituted in the expression formula obtained, thus ground one way wave field can be calculated, one way wave field when namely the degree of depth is 0, can use P (x, y, 0, t) represent; Finally obtained ground one way wave field is carried out recurrence calculation in the other direction along z-axis, and utilize the speed at each depth location place in the seismic velocity data obtained, calculate the one way wave field at each depth location place in preset range.Fig. 3 shows the wave field extrapolation schematic diagram of upward traveling wave, and in figure, v1, v2 and v3 are illustrated respectively in depth delta z, 2 Δ z and 3 Δ z place's earthquake velocities of wave propagation.
The described one way wave field calculating each depth location place in preset range also can comprise: first can carry out integration to formula (4); Then Fourier inversion is carried out to x and y variable, obtain the expression formula of ground one way wave field; Again the velocity of propagation of seismic event in obtained seismic velocity data at shot point place is substituted in the expression formula obtained, thus the one way wave field at shot point place can be calculated, such as, one way wave field when the degree of depth is h, P (x can be used, y, h, t) represent; Finally obtained one way wave field is carried out recurrence calculation along z-axis positive dirction, and utilize the speed at each depth location place in the seismic velocity data obtained, calculate the one way wave field at each depth location place in preset range.
Method of the prior art can be utilized to carry out recurrence calculation to seismic wave field along z-axis opposite direction or positive dirction, no longer go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chat.
In another embodiment, round trip ripple continuation method can be utilized can to comprise following sub-step to the single-frequency wave field calculating each depth in underground:
S111 ': utilize the seismic wave field obtained, build three-dimensional round trip wave equation.
S112 ': utilize the seismic velocity data and constructed three-dimensional round trip wave equation that obtain, calculate the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.
First can utilize obtained seismic velocity data, calculate the two-way wave field at each depth location place in preset range; Then according to the two-way wave field at obtained each depth location place, the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency is calculated.Concrete, can by the two-way wave field of time domain be multiplied by exponential function e
-i ω tround trip wave field is converted to the two-way wave field of frequency field, then predeterminated frequency (such as 15Hz) is updated in obtained two-way wave field, obtain the real part numerical value of this two-way wave field, the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency can be obtained.Fig. 4 shows the single-frequency wave field of the 15Hz utilizing round trip ripple continuation method to obtain.
The concrete implementation of above-mentioned two steps with reference to method of the prior art, no longer can be gone to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chats.
The single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency utilizing one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method to obtain constitutes three-dimensional wave field data body.Described three-dimensional wave field data body can be understood as a three-dimensional wave field, and in this wave field, each point has wave field value.
After obtaining the single-frequency wave field in the first preset range corresponding to predeterminated frequency, obtained single-frequency wave field structural texture tensor can be utilized.
First, can calculate the gradient at each position (i.e. each coordinate points) place in described single-frequency wave field, the gradient obtained can be expressed as follows:
In above formula,
for the gradient of single-frequency wave field I.Work as x, when y and z gets different numerical value, the gradient of single-frequency wave field at each some place can be obtained.In described single-frequency wave field, the gradient at each coordinate points place is the matrix of 1x3 (1 row 3 arranges) dimension.Each element in matrix is the partial derivative of single-frequency wave field on x, y or z direction respectively, and each element can be all a 3-D data volume, the data set zoarium that namely each element can be all is function of position with three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z).
Then, the gradient of obtained single-frequency wave field can be utilized, structural texture tensor.Concrete can carry out structural texture tensor by carrying out transpose operation to the gradient of described single-frequency wave field, and the transposition by described gradient is multiplied with described gradient, obtains structure tensor.
The structure tensor T constructed can be expressed as follows:
Said structure tensor T is the matrix of a 3x3 dimension, and each element in matrix is also all 3-D data volumes, and in this 3-D data volume, the numerical value of each coordinate points is the partial derivative of single-frequency wave field in x, y and z direction product between any two.
Described structure tensor can represent the change direction of target area and the variable quantity size along change direction.Wherein, the proper vector of described structure tensor can reflect the direction of regional area change in target area, and its eigenwert can reflect the size of described variable quantity.For three-dimensional data, described structure tensor can be positive semidefinite matrix, and the main proper vector of this positive semidefinite matrix can represent the gradient direction being orthogonal to stratum, and two other proper vector can represent the in-plane being parallel to direction, stratum.
S120: the eigenwert calculating described structure tensor.
After constructing structure tensor, can be first smoothing to described structure tensor, then can calculate the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
Describedly can refer to the numerical value of element each in described structure tensor smoothing to described structure tensor is smoothing, concrete can comprise: using the coordinate points in described matrix 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point; Then, centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range, such as calculate this current coordinate points numerical value and around it adjacent coordinates point numerical value between mean value; Again using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point; Then according to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume is calculated successively; Finally according to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively.Wherein, N is the number of coordinate points in a 3-D data volume; M is the number of 3-D data volume, and M is 9 in one embodiment.
To described structure tensor smoothing can be formulated as follows:
In above formula, ST be level and smooth after structure tensor; Summation symbol ∑ represents smoothing computation.
Described structure tensor is the matrix of 3x3, and thus this structure tensor has three eigenwerts.Existing mathematical method can be utilized to carry out the eigenwert of computation structure tensor, no longer go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chat.
S130: determine described earthquake direction of wave travel.
After the eigenwert calculating described structure tensor, all eigenwerts can be contrasted, from all eigenwerts, select the eigenwert of maximum absolute value.Be main proper vector by the proper vector corresponding to the eigenwert of selected maximum absolute value.This main proper vector is the normal direction of seismic event wavefront, with two xdip, ydip, this direction can be described, wherein xdip is the projection of seismic event wavefront normal in xz plane and the angle of z-axis, and ydip is the projection of seismic event wavefront normal in yz plane and the angle of z-axis.
As can be seen here, after the eigenwert obtaining described structure tensor, can determine that seismic event wavefront normal is at the projection of xz plane and the angle of z-axis and the projection of this normal in yz plane and the angle of z-axis, namely determines described earthquake direction of wave travel.
The above-mentioned single-frequency wave field that utilizes carrys out structural texture tensor, and process that is smoothing to structure tensor and that ask for eigenwert can scan single-frequency wave field referred to as utilizing structure tensor dip scanning method.
Fig. 5-Fig. 6 respectively illustrates the schematic diagram of the dip scanning result of single-frequency wave field and the superimposed effect schematic diagram of described dip scanning result and single-frequency wave field.Can find out from this two width figure and utilize structure tensor to match to earthquake direction of wave travel in the tendency of the seismic event obtained after the process of single-frequency wave field and described single-frequency wave field, the method utilizing the embodiment of the present application to provide as can be seen here can determine earthquake direction of wave travel accurately.
Can be found out by foregoing description, the embodiment of the present application, by utilizing the seismic wave field and seismic velocity data that obtain, obtains the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency; Utilize described single-frequency wave field, structural texture tensor; Obtain the eigenwert of described structure tensor, utilize described eigenwert can obtain seismic event wavefront normal at the projection of xz plane and the angle of z-axis and the projection of this normal in yz plane and the angle of z-axis, thus achieve the object improving and determine the accuracy in seismic wave propagation direction.And, in the embodiment of the present application when obtaining the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency, the seismic wave propagation speed carrying out utilizing in the process of recurrence calculation can be change, this situation that just in time constantly can change with actual underground medium medium velocity is coincide, and thus can ensure the accuracy in determined seismic wave propagation direction further.In addition, what utilize in the embodiment of the present application is that the seismic wave field that obtains in migration before stack computation process is to calculate earthquake wave line of propagation, instead of after carrying out migration before stack calculating, solving wave equations again, therefore the method that the embodiment of the present application provides is utilized, the treatment effeciency of geological data can be improved, also help the extraction of follow-up incident angle gathers.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device obtaining seismic wave propagation direction, as shown in Figure 7.This device can comprise: tectonic element 710, computing unit 720 and determining unit 730.Wherein, tectonic element 710 may be used for the single-frequency wave field utilizing the described seismic event obtained, structural texture tensor.Computing unit 720 may be used for the eigenwert calculating described structure tensor; Determining unit 730 may be used for the eigenwert utilizing described structure tensor, determines described earthquake direction of wave travel.
In one embodiment, computing unit 720 can comprise (not shown):
Level and smooth subelement, for smoothing to described structure tensor.What this smooth unit was concrete may be used for the coordinate points in described structure tensor 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point; Centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range; Using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point; According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, calculate the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume successively; According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively.
Computation subunit, for calculating the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
In one embodiment, determining unit 730 can comprise (not shown):
Choose subelement, for choosing the eigenwert of maximum absolute value from multiple eigenwerts of described structure tensor;
Determine subelement, for the proper vector corresponding to selected eigenwert being defined as the normal direction of described seismic event wavefront.
System, device or unit that above-described embodiment is illustrated, specifically can be realized by computer chip or entity, or be realized by the product with certain function.
For convenience of description, various unit is divided into describe respectively with function when describing above device.Certainly, the function of each unit can be realized in same or multiple software and/or hardware when implementing the application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can also recognize that various illustrative components, blocks, unit and step that the embodiment of the present invention is listed can be realized by hardware, software or both combinations.So to being realized the designing requirement depending on specific application and whole system by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art for often kind of specifically application, can use the function described in the realization of various method, but this realization can should not be understood to the scope exceeding embodiment of the present invention protection.
Various illustrative logical block described in the embodiment of the present invention or unit can pass through general processor, digital signal processor, special IC (AS work C), field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the design of above-mentioned any combination realizes or operates described function.General processor can be microprocessor, and alternatively, this general processor also can be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be realized by the combination of calculation element, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor, multi-microprocessor, and a Digital Signal Processor Core combined by one or more microprocessor, or other similar configuration any realizes.
The software module that method described in the embodiment of the present invention or the step of algorithm directly can embed hardware, processor performs or the combination of both.Software module can be stored in the storage medium of other arbitrary form in RAM storer, flash memory, ROM storer, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area.Exemplarily, storage medium can be connected with processor, with make processor can from storage medium reading information, and write information can be deposited to storage medium.Alternatively, storage medium can also be integrated in processor.Processor and storage medium can be arranged in ASIC, and ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storage medium also can be arranged in the different parts in user terminal.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.Especially, for system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. obtain the method in seismic wave propagation direction, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Utilize the single-frequency wave field of the seismic event obtained, structural texture tensor;
Calculate the eigenwert of described structure tensor;
Utilize the eigenwert of described structure tensor, determine described earthquake direction of wave travel.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described single-frequency wave field obtains in the following manner:
Obtain the seismic wave field in target area in the first preset range and seismic velocity data;
Utilize the seismic wave field and described seismic velocity data that obtain, obtain the single-frequency wave field corresponding to predeterminated frequency.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the single-frequency wave field corresponding to described acquisition predeterminated frequency comprises:
Utilize one-way wave continuation method or round trip ripple continuation method, calculate the single-frequency wave field at different depth place, underground in described first preset range.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the eigenwert of the described structure tensor of described calculating comprises:
Smoothing to described structure tensor;
Calculate the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedly comprises described structure tensor is smoothing:
Using the coordinate points in described structure tensor 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point;
Centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range;
Using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point;
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, calculate the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume successively, N is the number of coordinate points in a 3-D data volume;
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively, M is the number of 3-D data volume.
6. the method according to claim 1,4 or 5, is characterized in that, the described eigenwert utilizing described structure tensor, determines that described earthquake direction of wave travel comprises:
The eigenwert of maximum absolute value is chosen from multiple eigenwerts of described structure tensor;
Proper vector corresponding to selected eigenwert is defined as the normal direction of described seismic event wavefront.
7. obtain the device in seismic wave propagation direction, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Tectonic element, for utilizing the single-frequency wave field of obtained described seismic event, structural texture tensor;
Computing unit, for calculating the eigenwert of described structure tensor;
Determining unit, for utilizing the eigenwert of described structure tensor, determines described earthquake direction of wave travel.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described computing unit comprises:
Level and smooth subelement, for smoothing to described structure tensor;
Computation subunit, for calculating the eigenwert of the structure tensor smoothly.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described level and smooth subelement also for:
Using the coordinate points in described structure tensor 3-D data volume as changing coordinates point;
Centered by described changing coordinates point, calculate the mean value of described changing coordinates o'clock in the second preset range;
Using the numerical value of obtained mean value as described changing coordinates point;
According to the method for the numerical value of above-mentioned calculating one coordinate points, calculate the numerical value remaining N-1 coordinate points in described 3-D data volume successively;
According to the method for the numerical value of all coordinate points in above-mentioned calculating 3-D data volume, calculate in described structure tensor the numerical value remaining all coordinate points in M-1 3-D data volume successively.
10. the device according to any one of claim 7-9, is characterized in that, described determining unit comprises:
Choose subelement, for choosing the eigenwert of maximum absolute value from multiple eigenwerts of described structure tensor;
Determine subelement, for the proper vector corresponding to selected eigenwert being defined as the normal direction of described seismic event wavefront.
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