CN105372430A - 一种检测植物中转基因pmi的双抗夹心elisa方法及试剂盒 - Google Patents
一种检测植物中转基因pmi的双抗夹心elisa方法及试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种检测转基因植物中磷酸甘露糖异构酶(PMI)含量的双抗夹心酶联免疫(ELISA)试剂盒的制备方法及用途。目的是提供一种检测转基因植物(玉米、水稻、棉花等)中是否存在非抗生素筛选标记PMI和对其中PMI含量进行定量的检测方法。该方法中所使用的单克隆抗体在发明专利201410387508.1中有详细描述,对转基因水稻材料的ELISA检测发现,该方法灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、定性检测快、定量准,检测PMI最低检测限为1.18ng/mL,线性检测范围在21ng-560ng/mL,可以用于转基因材料的检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种检测天然植物中转基因PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法及试剂盒。
背景技术
随着转基因产品的不断涌现,随之而来的问题就是转基因产品的安全评价及测定。在转基因品种的培养和后期鉴定中,离不开针对转化的筛选标记和报告基因,最常用的筛选标记包括抗生素抗性类筛选标记基因和抗除草剂基因,这类抗性筛选标记基因有可能会通过基因漂移造成基因污染,对环境产生不利影响(魏伟,马克平.如何面对基因流和基因污染[J].中国农业科技导报,2002,4(4):10-15.)。另外,含有该种标记基因的转基因食物有可能不会被人类的肠道系统吸收利用,还很有可能产生毒副作用。所以,为降低生物安全风险,减少对环境和生物的潜在危害,目前对转基因植物的筛选已经逐渐由利用抗生素抗性筛选,过渡到以PMI为代表的非抗生素抗性筛选,最终实现更安全的无标签(marker-free)筛选鉴定体系。
在糖类代谢中,PMI基因编码的磷酸甘露糖异构酶(phosphomannoseisomerase,PMI)催化甘露糖-6-磷酸转变为果糖-6-磷酸,然后在磷酸果糖激酶的催化作用下生成能进入糖酵解途径的果糖-1,6-二磷酸(MilesJS,GuestJR.Nucleotidesequenceandtranscriptionalstartpointofthephosphomannoseisomerasegene(manA)ofEscherichiacoli[J].Gene,1984,32:41-48),研究发现几乎所有植物细胞除了肉桂和一些豆类,都没有PMI基因,但在细菌、酵母、动物以及人体中却广泛存在(MalcaI,EndoRM,LongMR.Mechanismofglucosecounteractionofinhibitionofrootelongationbygalactose,mannoseandglucosamine[J].Phytopathology,1967,57:272-278.),目前已从这些生物体中克隆到该基因,并获得纯化蛋白(ProudfootAEI,TurcattiG,WellsTNC,etal.Purification,cDNAcloningandheterologousexpressionofhumanphosphomannoseisomerase[J].Eur.J.Biochem.,1994,219:415-423)。
自1998年(JoersboM,DonaldsonI,KreibergJ,etal.Analysisofmannoseselectionusedfortransformationofsugarbeet[J].Mol.Breed.,1998,4:111-117)首次报道了将PMI基因作为筛选标记用于甜菜的转基因以来,PMI/甘露糖筛选体系作为一种新型的安全筛选系统已被成功运用于多种单子叶植物和双子叶植物的遗传转化中,公开号为CN103620040A的发明专利“顽固单子叶植物的增强转化”即提供了一种以PMI为转化筛选标签的编码序列和转化方式以提高单子叶植物的转化效率。
无论是筛选标签选择、更替的过程,还是在后代选择中通过同源重组将筛选标签从生物体基因组“删除”的过程中都需要对标签蛋白进行跟踪鉴定。此外,对这些标签蛋白进行检测还可以监测品种培育过程中对环境的影响,结合特异功能靶蛋白的鉴定,可以开展农业生产中的种子纯度鉴定,食品、药品加工过程的非转基因身份保持(IdentityPreserved,IP),从而实现对转基因植物从源头到餐桌的全程监控。目前,已经建立了多种基于核酸检测的PCR方法、NASBA核酸等温扩增的检测方法。发明专利“利用酵母甘露糖异构酶基因筛选水稻转基因植株的方法(公开号:CN102787133A)”及“一种磷酸甘露糖异构酶等温扩增检测试剂盒(公开号:CN102094085)”分别提供了以常规PCR方法和等温扩增方法对转基因材料的pmi基因进行核酸水平鉴定的方法。基于DNA的检测方法只能在核酸水平上反映转基因样品是否含有外源DNA,不能检测其外源基因是处于沉默还是表达,对于某些转基因植物的产品,DNA在加工过程中会降解掉而难以检测,此时,需要利用酶联免疫分析法来检测转基因的组分。
ELISA凭借其高度的灵敏度、良好的特异性、检测速度及低检测成本等优势已被广泛应用于生物、化学、医学、环境科学等学科的分析检测中。近年来,随着生物医学的研究进展,免疫学以其独特的优势有力的推动了医学和生物学中各个领域的发展。目前美国的Agdia公司和Envilogix公司生产的转基因大豆CP4-EPSPS和抗虫棉Bt-Cry1Ab/Ac快速检测试剂盒,能够在短短几个小时内完成多个样品的检测,准确省时。对以PMI作为转基因标签的谷物,尤其是粮食作物,食品制成品还没有PMI蛋白检测试剂盒。
发明内容
本发明提供一种检测转基因植物中非抗生素标签PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法及其试剂盒,操作简便,可以快速高效的检测植株中含有的PMI蛋白。
所述检测PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法包括以下步骤:
1)植物蛋白提取:以水稻为例,称取种子或苗期植物的根、茎或叶片约20-100mg,加入液氮研磨成粉末,加入1mL的磷酸盐缓冲液(成分为含有KH2PO4,NaCl,KCl,Na2HPO4,pH7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液,其中KH2PO4,NaCl,KCl,Na2HPO4的含量依次为0.2%,8%,0.2%和2.9%。)裂解提取蛋白,冰上放置30min,4度离心15min,取上清,得到待检测蛋白提取物。
2)转基因植物中PMI蛋白检测:将抗PMI蛋白的特异性单克隆抗体包被在96孔板上;加入待测样本,与单克隆抗体形成复合物;再加入标记的抗PMI蛋白的检测抗体;最后显色剂显色,根据颜色变化判定样本中是否含有转基因PMI成分。测得的OD值与标准曲线相比,计算出天然样本中PMI蛋白含量。
步骤2)中,包被抗体为60728-35(专利号:201410387508.1),其包被浓度为1-10μg/mL,优选2μg/mL。检测抗体为60728-44(专利号:201410387508.1),经辣根过氧化物酶或生物素标记。优选的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记后抗体的使用浓度范围是1/1000-1/5000稀释,优选的浓度为1/2000稀释。
步骤2)中,标准曲线制作方法为,用准确定量的PMI重组蛋白作为标准品,取系列浓度梯度进行反应,以PMI重组蛋白浓度取对数作为横坐标、相应浓度下450nm的OD值为纵坐标进行作图。
本发明还提供检测植物中PMI的ELISA试剂盒。该试剂盒中检测抗体经辣根过氧化物酶标记,其最低检测限为7ng/mL,线性范围从21ng/mL到560ng/mL。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.该方法灵敏度高,PMI蛋白的最低检测限为7ng/mL,定量限为21ng/mL,对水稻PMI蛋白具有特异性。
2.该方法操作简便,快速,结果准确。
3.使用可拆卸式的酶标板时,单个样品或多样品、单项目或多项目可自由检测,并根据客户需求随时调整项目。
4.该方法分析可采用酶标仪分析,可实现自动化,检测数据可信,严谨。
附图说明
图1:PMI重组蛋白标准曲线,以PMI重组蛋白浓度取对数作为横坐标(每个点浓度由高到低依次为5,1.67,0.56,0.19,0.063,0.021,0.007μg/mL),纵坐标为相应浓度下450nm的OD值。
具体实施方式
下面结合图表和具体实施的方式对本发明做进一步阐述,以使本领域技术人员可以更清楚地得知本发明的技术方案,并非对本发明的限制。
实施例1植物蛋白提取
称取20-200mg水稻幼苗期的根、茎、叶和干种子,液氮冷却后研磨成粉末,加入1mL的0.01mol/L、pH7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液裂解提取蛋白,冰上放置30min,4度离心15min,取上清,得到待检测蛋白提取物。用ThermoScientificBCAKit对总蛋白定量。
实施例2ELISA试剂盒的组装
在双抗夹心试剂盒的组装中,以60728-35单克隆抗体为包被抗体,以pH9.4的包被缓冲液(Na2CO31.5gNaHCO32.9g,加双蒸水1000ml)稀释抗体至1-10μg/mL,典型的浓度为2μg/mL,在96孔酶标板中每孔加入包被抗体100μL,4℃包被12小时后弃去包被抗体。各孔以200μL的PBS(pH7.4)缓冲液洗涤3次后,每孔再加300μL的2%牛血清蛋白作为封闭液,37℃温育3h,PBS洗涤3次后,置于25℃干燥箱烘干12小时。烘干的酶标板装入可密封的塑料袋中抽真空,加入干燥剂,热压密封备用。试剂盒中的酶标检测抗体为60728-44,该抗体经辣根过氧化物酶或生物素标记的,标记时,称取6mg辣根过氧化物酶(HRP,购自于Sigma)溶于1mL三蒸水中,每ml溶液逐滴缓慢加入0.30ml新配的0.1MNaIO4溶液,4℃避光搅拌35min,活化HRP,颜色由棕色变为绿色。上述溶液装入透析袋中,用0.01M,pH4.4的醋酸钠缓冲液,4℃透析过夜,颜色变为棕绿色。10000r/min,4℃,10min,离心去除可能的沉淀。同时用0.05M,pH9.5的碳酸缓冲液将纯化抗体,4℃透析过夜。然后10000r/min,4℃,10min,离心去除可能的沉淀。将透析后的HRP加入0.16M乙二醇(每mg酶加0.1ml),4℃避光搅拌1h,然后加入透析后的抗体;两者混匀后用0.05M,pH9.5的碳酸缓冲液4℃透析过夜。透析后的HRP-抗体混合液中加入0.1ml5mg/mlNaBH4溶液(每mg酶加0.1-0.2mg的NaBH4),4℃避光搅拌3h。逐滴加入等体积饱和硫酸氨,4℃避光搅拌2h。4℃,10000rpm离心10min,弃上清,PBS溶解沉淀。辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记后抗体的使用浓度范围是1/1000-1/5000稀释,优选的浓度为1/2000稀释。
实施例3ELISA检测
在包被封闭过的酶标板孔内加入待测蛋白提取物溶液(以待测样品提取物与PBS缓冲液的体积比为稀释倍数)和PMI重组蛋白标准品(每孔5μg/mL,以1:3梯度稀释到7ng/mL,每个样品做三个重复),100μL/孔,37℃孵育1h。使样品中可能存在的PMI蛋白与抗体特异性结合,形成结合物;PBS洗涤后,加入HRP标记的检测抗体100μL/孔,37℃孵育1h。使其与包被抗体捕获的PMI蛋白形成复合物;PBS洗涤后,加入显色剂TMB溶液,每孔100μL,室温孵育3min,加入2MH2SO4,每孔50μL终止反应。读取OD450值,判定样品中PMI蛋白的存在及浓度大小。结果判定:以PMI重组蛋白标准品的浓度取对数做横坐标,OD450值为纵坐标制作标准曲线,得到计算公式,根据待测样品的OD值计算PMI蛋白浓度。
用重组蛋白绘制的标准曲线见图一,最低检测限可达7ng/mL,可定量检测的线性范围从21ng/mL到560ng/mL。转PMI的水稻样本检测结果见表一。
表一:双抗夹心ELISA法检测水稻中PMI蛋白
Claims (6)
1.一种检测转基因植物中安全生物标签PMI的双抗夹心ELISA方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1)植物蛋白提取:称取20-100mg待检测植物种子、根、茎或叶片,液氮冷却后研磨成粉末,加入1mL的蛋白提取液裂解提取蛋白,冰上放置30min,4度离心15min,取上清,得到待检测蛋白提取物。2)植物中PMI蛋白检测:将抗PMI蛋白的特异性包被抗体60728-35包被在96孔板上作为捕获抗体;加入待测样本,与单克隆抗体形成复合物;再加入标记的检测抗体60728-44;最后显色剂显色,根据颜色变化判定样本中是否含有转基因PMI成分,测得的OD值与标准曲线相比,即可计算出天然样本中PMI蛋白含量。
2.权利要求1所述的检测转基因植物PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法,其特
征在于步骤1)中,蛋白提取液成分为含有KH2PO4,NaCl,KCl,Na2HPO4,pH7.4的磷酸盐,其中KH2PO4,NaCl,KCl,Na2HPO4的含量依次为0.2%,8%,0.2%和2.9%。
3.权利要求1所述的检测转基因植物PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法,其特征在于步骤2)中,用作包被抗体的60728-35单克隆抗体,其包被浓度为1-10μg/mL,优选2μg/mL。
4.权利要求1所述的检测转基因植物PMI蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法,其特征在于步骤2)中,检测抗体60728-44是经辣根过氧化物酶或生物素标记的,优选的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记后抗体的使用浓度范围是1/1000-1/5000稀释,优选的浓度为1/2000稀释。
5.根据权利要求1所述方法制备的ELISA检测试剂盒,其特征在于检测抗体60728-44是以辣根过氧化酶标记的,最低检测限为7ng/mL,可定量检测的线性范围从21ng/mL到560ng/mL。
6.如权利要求5所述的ELISA试剂盒可以用于PMI为标签的转基因植物苗期筛选、种子检测和食品中PMI蛋白的检测。
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