CN105371962A - Portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system - Google Patents

Portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105371962A
CN105371962A CN201510756422.6A CN201510756422A CN105371962A CN 105371962 A CN105371962 A CN 105371962A CN 201510756422 A CN201510756422 A CN 201510756422A CN 105371962 A CN105371962 A CN 105371962A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
focal plane
antenna
imaging system
millimeter wave
feed
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Pending
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CN201510756422.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王文
王学田
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Priority to CN201510756422.6A priority Critical patent/CN105371962A/en
Publication of CN105371962A publication Critical patent/CN105371962A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02Constructional details
    • G01J5/08Optical arrangements
    • G01J5/0806Focusing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or concave mirrors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J2005/0077Imaging

Abstract

The invention provides a portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system. The portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system comprises a cylinder of which one end is equipped with a lens antenna, wherein the cylinder is internally fixed with a focal plane feed source array opposite to the lens antenna, the focal plane feed source array is connected with a radiometer reception set, the radiometer reception set is connected with a signal conditioning circuit, and the signal conditioning circuit is connected with a switching circuit having a signal output port and a power supply input port. The portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system has properties of small volume and light weight, can be held by a single person to scan a target scene for imaging and can realize millimeter wave imaging of building and ground vehicle targets all day long.

Description

The passive focal plane imaging system of a kind of portable millimeter wave
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of passive millimeter wave detection, specifically, is the passive focal plane imaging system of a kind of portable millimeter wave.
Background technology
In millimeter wave detection technical field, passive focal plane imaging system occupies very consequence.But the greatest problem that existing passive focal plane imaging system exists is: entire system is oversize, and portability is poor, and cost is high, is difficult to promote the use of.
Specifically, the focusing anteena reflector antenna often that traditional passive focal plane imaging system adopts, reflector antenna is a kind of rotary parabolic surface antenna, but rotary parabolic surface antenna usually makes the size of system become very large and there is feed occlusion effect; The feed antenna that traditional passive focal plane imaging system adopts is the electromagnetic horn that loads of dielectric rod often, and electromagnetic horn often exists the large problem of size, and electromagnetic horn gain is little simultaneously, manufacturing procedure is complicated, cost is high.
Therefore, to those skilled in the art, designing that overall volume frequency of operation that is less, imaging system is suitable, all parts is simple and easy compact and can realize integrated passive focal plane imaging system, for promoting the development of passive millimeter wave imaging technique, there is important theory significance and engineer applied is worth.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems such as existing passive focal plane imaging system volume is large, portability is poor, the invention provides the passive focal plane imaging system of a kind of portable millimeter wave, focusing anteena adopts lens antenna, feed antenna adopts conjugate lines tapered slot antenna, and portable millimeter wave of the present invention passive focal plane imaging system size is little, be easy to processing, integrated level is high, imaging effect good.
The invention provides the passive focal plane imaging system of a kind of portable millimeter wave, comprise the cylinder that one end is provided with lens antenna, cylinder interior is fixed with the focal plane feed array facing to lens antenna, focal plane feed array connects receiver for radiometer group, receiver for radiometer group connection signal modulate circuit, signal conditioning circuit connects the built-up circuit with signal output and energization input mouth.
The present invention, by adopting the parts such as lens antenna, focal plane feed array, receiver for radiometer group, improves the integrated level of passive focal plane imaging system, reduces system bulk, can realize single hand-held imaging system and carry out mm-wave imaging to target.
Further, focal plane feed array comprises plural feed antenna, and receiver for radiometer group comprises the radiometer identical with feed antenna quantity, and feed antenna and radiometer connect one to one.
Further, each feed antenna welds a radiometer, and plural feed antenna is drawn close, and the plural radiometer welded with feed antenna scatters, and focal plane feed array is fan-shaped.
Further, plural feed antenna is integrally processed into focal plane feed array, and each feed antenna is connected radiometer by coaxial connector, concentric cable with coaxial waveguide converter successively.
Further, the rectangular sheet of focal plane feed array, plural feed antenna alignment forms a line.
Further, focal plane feed array is fan-shaped, and plural feed antenna is along the arrangement of a camber line order.
Further, focal plane feed array is side set shape, and plural feed antenna is arranged in a row and is symmetrical arranged.
The present invention devises focal plane feed array and the receiver combination of four kinds of forms, greatly save the cost of imaging system, also improve the performance of portable imaging system, ensure that native system can realize the object of the mm-wave imaging to the target such as building and surface car under round-the-clock, all weather conditions.
Further, the circular flat of lens antenna has at least one ring groove, ring groove is with the center of circular flat for the center of circle, and the degree of depth of each ring groove is identical, and the spacing between ring groove is identical.
The lens antenna bore that the present invention uses is little, is connected compact with cylinder.Lens make focus characteristics strengthen by fluting subregion, alleviate the weight of imaging system, have compressed the caliber size of imaging system.
Further, feed antenna is conjugate lines tapered slot antenna, comprise medium substrate and be plated on metal layer A, the metal level B of medium substrate both sides, metal layer A, metal level B structure are identical and symmetrical about medium substrate center line, and metal layer A, metal level B form conjugation symmetrical structure.
The present invention innovatively have employed the antenna of conjugation symmetrical structure, has and improves the effect of the beamwidth of antenna, have high-gain, Low sidelobe level, low return loss, low cost, is easy to the technical characterstics such as processing, lightweight, compact dimensions.
Further, metal layer A have two exhausting holes and be symmetrical arranged, perpendicular to medium substrate direction, the through hole that metal layer A, B are corresponding runs through medium substrate, conducting mutually, and the top side of metal layer A, B has at least one rectangular aperture.
Through hole and rectangular aperture make the radiation field of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna more concentrated, and actinal surface field is more even, improves the gain of antenna, reduces the minor level of antenna.
The present invention innovatively adopts conjugate lines tapered slot antenna as feed antenna, and conjugate lines tapered slot antenna has the advantages such as working band is wide, minor level is low, gain is high, beam angle is narrow.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention adopts feed antenna, the lens antenna of special construction, and the annexation simplified between each several part, thus the volume of the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave of the present invention is little, lightweight, singlely hand-holdable scanning imagery is carried out to target scene, and can round-the-clock, round-the-clock to the realization of goal such as building and surface car mm-wave imaging.
In addition, the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave of the present invention has that integrated level is higher, low cost and other advantages.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the passive focal plane imaging system structural representation of portable millimeter wave.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of focal plane feed array and receiver for radiometer group in embodiment one.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the spread pattern of focal plane feed array and receiver for radiometer group in embodiment two.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the spread pattern of focal plane feed array and receiver for radiometer group in embodiment three.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the spread pattern of focal plane feed array and receiver for radiometer group in embodiment four.
Fig. 6 is feed antenna and radiometer syndeton schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the explosive view of feed antenna.
Fig. 8 is the stereographic map of lens antenna.
In figure,
1, lens antenna; 10, ring groove; 2, cylinder; 3, focal plane feed array; 30, feed antenna; 300, metal layer A; 301, medium substrate; 302, metal level B; 4, receiver for radiometer group; 40, radiometer; 5, signal conditioning circuit; 6, built-up circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, detailed explanation and explanation are carried out to embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
As Fig. 1, shown in 2, the passive focal plane imaging system of a kind of portable millimeter wave, comprise the cylinder 2 that one end is provided with lens antenna 1, cylinder 2 inside is fixed with the focal plane feed array 3 facing to lens antenna 1, be as the criterion to arrive focal plane feed array 3 through the microwave of lens antenna 1, focal plane feed array 3 connects receiver for radiometer group 4, receiver for radiometer group 4 connection signal modulate circuit 5, signal conditioning circuit 5 connects the built-up circuit 6 with signal output and energization input mouth, signal conditioning circuit 5, built-up circuit 6 adopts signal conditioning circuit and the built-up circuit of traditional millimeter wave imaging system, output interface connects the electrical signal collection card of computing machine, capture card gathers the electric signal that native system exports, input interface connects D.C. regulated power supply, power supply is used for powering to native system.Focal plane feed array 3 comprises plural feed antenna 30, and receiver for radiometer group 4 comprises the radiometer 40 identical with feed antenna 30 quantity, and feed antenna 30 and radiometer 40 connect one to one.In the present embodiment, the number of feed antenna 30 and radiometer 40 is all eight, but the present invention is not limited to this quantity, and those skilled in the art can choose reasonable according to actual needs; In addition, in the present embodiment, cylinder 2 diameter is 300 millimeters, length is 660 millimeters, and the diameter of lens antenna 1 is identical with cylinder 2, is 300 millimeters.
As shown in Figure 1, each feed antenna 30 welds a radiometer 40 and forms one group, all feed antennas 30 and 40 groups, radiometer are fixed together by fixture, plural feed antenna 30 is drawn close, the plural radiometer 40 welded with feed antenna 30 scatters, due to multiple feed antenna 30 draw close, multiple radiometer 40 scatters, focal plane feed array 3 is in fan-shaped.
In the present invention, feed antenna 30 is conjugate lines tapered slot antenna.Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is a kind of antenna of planar structure, being staggered of focal plane feed array can be realized, and, the Planar integration with radiometer 40 receiver can be realized further, increase quantity and the density of its two-dimensional arrangements, make the integrated level of focal plane imaging system, portability and spatial resolution higher; Meanwhile, conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is narrower than the electromagnetic horn lobe width of identical bore, gain is higher and secondary lobe is lower, and thus conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is more suitable for the feed antenna 30 as portable focal plane imaging system.Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna adopts PCB technology to process, its planar structure is convenient to carry out Planar integration with the internal circuit of radiometer 40 receiver, and then reduce the size of imaging system, and meet quantity and the density that increase feed arrangement under the prerequisite that edge the best irradiates, can make that the integrated level of total system is higher, portability is better.
Tapered slot antenna (Taperedslotantenna, TSA) be on the metal level of its medium substrate side, utilize photoetching technique to etch a gradual change gap of opening gradually, the one end in this gradual change gap is used for feed, and electromagenetic wave radiation is gone out by the other end.But, in existing research, the gradual change fluting of these tapered slot antennas is all in the same side of antenna medium substrates, and the feeding classification used only has fluting gap usually to the feeding classification of microstrip line, this makes the Bandwidth-Constrained of tapered slot antenna, and at millimeter wave or more on high band, the loss aggravation of antenna.Adopt the gradual change gap of conjugated structure can the bandwidth of broadening antenna to a great extent, and show good cross-polarization performance.Conjugation tapered slot antenna (AntipodalTaperedSlotAntenna) of the present invention is that the left and right two parts of gradual change fluting antenna structure Central Plains being originally positioned at medium substrate side are separated on the two sides of medium substrate, forms conjugation symmetrical structure.
Millimeter wave microstrip circuit connects conjugate lines tapered slot antenna, conjugate lines tapered slot antenna comprises medium substrate 301 and is plated on the metal layer A 300 of medium substrate 301 both sides, metal level B302, metal layer A 300, metal level B302 structure are identical and symmetrical about medium substrate 301 center line, and metal layer A 300, metal level B302 form conjugation symmetrical structure.Medium substrate 301 is rectangular, metal layer A 300 comprises the right-angle triangle paster of one processing, rectangle paster and bar shaped paster, rectangle paster is placed in medium substrate 301 surface lower portions, right-angle triangle paster is placed on the upside of rectangle paster and a right-angle side is connected with rectangle paster, this right-angle side length is less than rectangle patch length, bar shaped paster one end is connected with on the upside of rectangle paster, as shown in Figure 7, the shape of bar shaped paster forms by multiple square is diagonally stacking, rectangle patch length is identical with medium substrate 301 width, another right-angle side of right-angle triangle paster aligns with rectangle patch edges.See along the direction perpendicular to substrate, the right-angle triangle paster hypotenuse of metal layer A 300, metal level B302 forms angle, the right-angle side of right-angle triangle paster of metal layer A 300 and metal level B302 of being connected with rectangle paster exists overlapping, by regulating the size of this angle and overlapping widths, loss that impedance mismatch brings can be reduced and can broadening bandwidth of operation.Metal layer A 300 have two exhausting holes and be symmetrical arranged, perpendicular to medium substrate direction, metal layer A, the through hole that B is corresponding runs through medium substrate, mutual conducting, one exhausting hole extends to rectangle paster from right-angle triangle paster, another exhausting hole extends to rectangle paster from bar shaped paster, through hole is circular, square or other shapes, two exhausting hole place straight lines form angle, this two exhausting hole defines angle along antenna gradual change gap, such structure make the radiation field of antenna become concentrate and actinal surface field distribution evenly, 3dB lobe width narrows, gain also has remarkable increase, particularly at HFS, above-mentioned technique effect is more obvious, and, the minor level of antenna especially has remarkable reduction in E face.Another right-angle side of right-angle triangle paster has rectangular aperture.By arranging rectangular aperture, make the radiation field of antenna more concentrated, actinal surface field is more even, and the gain of antenna is further enhanced, and reduce further the minor level of antenna, and in the present embodiment, the number of rectangular aperture is 6.
But, in the correlative study of conjugation tapered slot antenna, normally used or the direct microstrip line of feed part of antenna or co-planar waveguide (CoplanarWaveguide, CPW) mode of feed is carried out, at millimeter wave or the loss more on high band is comparatively large and antenna performance is relatively poor, the research simultaneously reducing antenna size is further difficult to break through.
Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna (AntipodalLinearlyTaperedSlotAntenna in the present invention, ALTSA) have employed a kind of planar broad band transition feeding classification, be coplanar waveguide ground (GroundedCoplanarWaveguide, GCPW) to substrate integration wave-guide (SubstrateIntegratedWaveguide, SIW) feeding classification of transition, the radiating element of antenna devises brand-new structure simultaneously.
Based on the brand new of high performance feeding classification and antenna radiation unit, conjugate lines tapered slot antenna of the present invention compares traditional tapered slot antenna of the same type, show excellent antenna performance in millimere-wave band, mainly comprise: high-gain, Low sidelobe level, low return loss, low cost, be easy to processing, lightweight, compact dimensions, E ground roll beam width are especially narrow and working frequency range is wide etc.Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna use medium substrate for thickness be 20mil RT Duroid6002 sheet material, the relative dielectric constant of this substrate is 2.94, and dielectric loss angle tangent is 0.0012.Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna of the present invention can select sizes, such as, and 34.3mm × 15mm, 33.9mm × 15mm.
Conjugate lines tapered slot antenna and common rectigradation slot antenna are structurally maximum differently to be comprised: 1. the rectigradation slotted metal of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is symmetrically formed by medium substrate bilevel graded metal layer conjugation; 2. the subtended angle that the bilevel graded metal of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is formed has a width to be the intersection of w1; 3. substrate integration wave-guide is made up of 2 rectangle pasters of metal layer A, B and two exhausting holes that run through rectangle paster and medium substrate, the through hole of substrate integration wave-guide has extended to the radiating element of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna and has opened gradually, through hole side adds square patch concentric with it simultaneously, and square patch is stacking defines bar shaped paster; 4. the graded metal layer top of the radiating element of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna etched the rectangular aperture of preiodic type; 5. conjugate lines tapered slot antenna have employed the planar broad band transition feeding classification of coplanar waveguide ground to substrate integration wave-guide.In the structural design of antenna radiation unit, by the structural design that the through hole and aerial head preiodic type that extend SIW are slotted, the gain of antenna is improved that 1.92dB, 3dB lobe width compresses 12 °, secondary lobe reduces 1.7dB, back lobe level reduces 8dB, simultaneously broadening bandwidth.
It should be noted that, the radiating element of foregoing and graded metal layer are all right-angle triangle paster.
In full working frequency range (32GHz-38GHz), the testing and emulation result of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna is basically identical, and the input return loss of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna can meet lower than-13dB, and E face secondary lobe is lower than-16dB.Based on the performance index of conjugate lines tapered slot antenna excellence, the conjugate lines tapered slot antenna of the present invention's design can be applied to various middle low-power wireless systems, is applied widely at microwave and millimeter wave frequency band.
As shown in Figure 8, the circular flat of lens antenna 1 of the present invention has at least one ring groove 10, ring groove 10 is with the center of circular flat for the center of circle, and the degree of depth of each ring groove 10 is identical, and the spacing between ring groove 10 is identical.By lens antenna 1 focus characteristics being made to strengthen the fluting subregion of circular flat; On the basis of resolution ensureing portable imaging system, the caliber size achieving cylinder 2 can reduce further, and thus the size of whole imaging system can reduce further, the weight saving of imaging system.In the present embodiment, lens antenna 1 diameter is 300 millimeters, ring groove 10 degree of depth is 16 millimeters, spacing is 16 millimeters.
It should be noted that, under technical scheme enlightenment of the present invention, the present invention can be in particular the passive focal plane imaging system of 8 millimeter wave.
Embodiment two:
The passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave of embodiment two is substantially identical with embodiment one, its difference is: as shown in Figure 3, plural feed antenna 30 is integrally processed into focal plane feed array 3, realize on medium substrate, produce multiple feed antenna by techniques such as photoetching, each feed antenna 30 is connected radiometer 40 by coaxial connector, concentric cable with coaxial waveguide converter successively.The rectangular sheet of focal plane feed array 3, plural feed antenna 30 alignment forms a line.Feed antenna 30, as conjugate lines tapered slot antenna, is processed on whole piece medium substrate, has greatly saved the cost of imaging system, has also improved the performance of portable imaging system.
Embodiment three:
The passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave of embodiment three is substantially identical with embodiment two, its difference is: as shown in Figure 4, focal plane feed array 3 is in fan-shaped, plural feed antenna 30 is along the arrangement of a camber line order, the phase center of all feed antennas 30 is along curved arrangement, and alignment curve equation is the surface equation of lens.
Embodiment four:
The passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave of embodiment four is substantially identical with embodiment two, its difference is: as shown in Figure 5, focal plane feed array 3 is in side set shape, plural feed antenna 30 is arranged in a row and is symmetrical arranged, the distance that adjacent feed antenna 30 staggers is less, and with the center line symmetrically structure of focal plane feed array 3.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all do in flesh and blood of the present invention any amendment, equivalent to replace and simple modifications etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave, it is characterized in that: comprise the cylinder (2) that one end is provided with lens antenna (1), cylinder interior is fixed with focal plane feed array (3) facing to lens antenna, focal plane feed array connects receiver for radiometer group (4), receiver for radiometer group connection signal modulate circuit (5), signal conditioning circuit connects the built-up circuit (6) with signal output and energization input mouth.
2. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: focal plane feed array comprises plural feed antenna (30), receiver for radiometer group comprises the radiometer (40) identical with feed antenna quantity, and feed antenna and radiometer connect one to one.
3. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: each feed antenna welds a radiometer, plural feed antenna is drawn close, and the plural radiometer welded with feed antenna scatters, and focal plane feed array is fan-shaped.
4. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: plural feed antenna is integrally processed into focal plane feed array, each feed antenna is connected radiometer by coaxial connector, concentric cable with coaxial waveguide converter successively.
5. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the rectangular sheet of focal plane feed array, and plural feed antenna alignment forms a line.
6. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 4, is characterized in that: focal plane feed array is fan-shaped, and plural feed antenna is along the arrangement of a camber line order.
7. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 4, is characterized in that: focal plane feed array is side set shape, and plural feed antenna is arranged in a row and is symmetrical arranged.
8. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the circular flat of lens antenna has at least one ring groove (10), ring groove with the center of circular flat for the center of circle, the degree of depth of each ring groove is identical, and the spacing between ring groove is identical.
9. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: feed antenna is conjugate lines tapered slot antenna, comprise medium substrate (301) and be plated on metal layer A (300), the metal level B (302) of medium substrate both sides, metal layer A, metal level B structure are identical and symmetrical about medium substrate center line, and metal layer A, metal level B form conjugation symmetrical structure.
10. the passive focal plane imaging system of portable millimeter wave according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: metal layer A have two exhausting holes and be symmetrical arranged, perpendicular to medium substrate direction, the through hole that metal layer A, B are corresponding runs through medium substrate, conducting mutually, and the top side of metal layer A, B has at least one rectangular aperture.
CN201510756422.6A 2015-09-10 2015-11-09 Portable millimeter wave passive focal plane imaging system Pending CN105371962A (en)

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CN108802842A (en) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-13 南京理工大学 A kind of passive millimeter wave coded imaging device and method based on LDPC code
CN109643854A (en) * 2016-08-25 2019-04-16 三星电子株式会社 Antenna equipment and electronic equipment including antenna equipment

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109643854A (en) * 2016-08-25 2019-04-16 三星电子株式会社 Antenna equipment and electronic equipment including antenna equipment
CN108802842A (en) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-13 南京理工大学 A kind of passive millimeter wave coded imaging device and method based on LDPC code
CN108802842B (en) * 2017-04-27 2020-04-21 南京理工大学 Passive millimeter wave coding imaging device and method based on LDPC code

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Application publication date: 20160302

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