CN105370742B - CV joint and its manufacture method - Google Patents
CV joint and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105370742B CN105370742B CN201510484624.XA CN201510484624A CN105370742B CN 105370742 B CN105370742 B CN 105370742B CN 201510484624 A CN201510484624 A CN 201510484624A CN 105370742 B CN105370742 B CN 105370742B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of CV joint and its manufacture method.1st CV joint (10) possesses the high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) being made up of ceramics or cermet on the parts surface of at least any one party in as the outer surface of the inner surface of outer cup (16) and inner ring (18).The high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) can be the sandwich construction that the porosity changes in a thickness direction.The porosity can be the center side (the 2nd layer of 304a, 304b side) of the thickness direction value bigger than two sides (the 1st layer of 302a, 302b side and the 3rd layer of 306a, 306a side).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transmission for carrying out torque between external component and internal part via torque transmission member etc.
Quick coupling and its manufacture method.
Background technology
In the Poewr transmission mechanism of automobile etc., using the CV joint between transmission axle, from a transmission
Axially another transmission axle transmits rotary driving force.Generally, in transmission axle, the CV joint of Rzeppa shape is between driving
Between axle and wheel hub (outside), the CV joint of tripod-type is between differential gearing and drive shaft (inner side).
These CV joints have：External component, it links with a transmission axle；Internal part, it is positioned and secured to
The leading section of another transmission axle；And torque transmission member, it is between external component and internal part and carries out torque biography
Pass.In addition, the material as CV joint, generally, considers, using steel from the viewpoint such as manufacturing cost and mouldability.
For example, in the CV joint of Rzeppa shape, external component is formed with the cup for having bottom outlet for internal part interpolation
Shape, protruded on the outer wall of the bottom of the cup-shaped formed with the axle portion linked with above-mentioned transmission axle.On the inwall of external component
Formed with multiple 1st ball grooves being equally spaced mutually.
Internal part is the annulus for being accordingly provided with multiple 2nd ball grooves on periphery wall with above-mentioned 1st ball grooves
Shape.Torque transmission member in a manner of it can roll by inserting multiple rollings between each above-mentioned 1st ball grooves and the 2nd ball grooves
Pearl is formed, and the ball is kept by the retainer between the inner surface of external component and the outer surface of internal part.That is, the rolling
Pearl contacts with the 1st ball grooves and the 2nd ball grooves respectively, thus via the ball (torque transmission member), external component with
Torque transmission is carried out between internal part.
On the other hand, in the CV joint of tripod-type, external component is that shape is protruded in the same manner as above-mentioned tripod-type
Into the cup-shaped for having axle portion, external component inwall formed with the multiple track grooves being equally spaced mutually.Internal part is tool
There is the so-called cross axle of annular portion and the multiple gudgeons protruded from the periphery wall of the annular portion.Inserted in internal part outer
In portion's part, to cause the gudgeon to be accommodated in respectively in the track groove of external component.
Torque transmission member is the roller of the rotatably substantially torus on each gudgeon of internal part, and with
The inwall sliding contact of track groove.That is, the wall contacts of the internal perisporium of roller and gudgeon, and the periphery wall and track groove of roller
Inwall contact, thus via the roller (torque transmission member), torque transmission is carried out between external component and internal part.
Therefore, the inner surface (the especially inwall of track groove and the 1st ball grooves) of external component and internal part
Outer surface (the especially inwall of the side wall of gudgeon and the 2nd ball grooves) with torque transmission member (roller and ball) due to contacting
And easily produce abrasion.As the means for suppressing the abrasion, it is known to the outer of the inner surface of external component and internal part
Implement heat treatment to form hardened layer in surface (following, also collectively referred to as parts surface).
In the hardened layer, the maximum of hardness is mainly determined by the carbon content contained by parts surface, therefore passes through shape
The limit be present in the hardness for the parts surface that can be improved into the hardened layer.Further, since carbon is distributed and quenched in parts surface
There is deviation etc. in fiery temperature, and the hardness that result in hardened layer also easily produces deviation.And then the hardened layer is deepened with depth,
That is, as close to the inside of external component or internal part, hardness declines, if it exceeds effective case depth, then be less than and sentence
Determine hardness (critical hardness).Therefore, hardened layer is formed even in parts surface, if to persistently being assigned less than the position for judging hardness
The stress as caused by transmitting torque is given, then the worry that hardened layer stripping be present.That is, hardened if simply formed in parts surface
Layer, then the worry that can not fully suppress above-mentioned abrasion be present.
If in addition, implement to be heat-treated to form hardened layer, external component and internal part produce thermal deformation and
Change in size.Therefore, in order to obtain the external component of desired shape and internal part, it is necessary to consider above-mentioned heat treatment in advance
Caused thermal deformation and change in size, the mould for forging processing is accurately designed, the manufacture work of CV joint
Sequence becomes complicated.And then as heat treatment, generally carry out high-frequency quenching, in this case, in order to obtain hardened layer and
The energy such as the electric power of consumption increase.
Therefore, motion is as follows：Steel is substituted, CV joint is formed by the ceramics such as sialon (Sialon) or silicon nitride
To suppress above-mentioned abrasion.Ceramics are excellent in abrasion performance, corrosion resistance, insulating properties etc., compared with above-mentioned hardened layer, hardness
And intensity during high temperature is big.Therefore, by using material of the ceramics as CV joint, can turn into parts surface can press down
Make the hardness of above-mentioned abrasion.For example, motion has in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-1940 publications, as ceramics, by β silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogens
Ceramic sintered bodies form torque transmission member (ball).
The content of the invention
In order to obtain CV joint by ceramics, it is necessary to by isostatic cool pressing pressurize (CIP) to ceramics powder be molded,
And then high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) pressurization (HIP) is carried out after sintering.In this case, because manufacturing process becomes complicated, therefore system is worried
Efficiency decline is made, volume production becomes difficult, and because the shape as obtained from shaping is defined, therefore worry CV joint
The free degree of shape declines.
If in addition, using material of the ceramics as CV joint, compared with using the situation of steel, equipment cost and system
Cause originally to sharp rise.Therefore, it is unpractical by the ceramic each inscape of whole for forming CV joint.But such as Japan
In JP 2010-1940 publications as motion, in the inscape of CV joint, even if only torque transmission member is by making pottery
Porcelain is formed, it is also difficult to above-mentioned abrasion caused by abundant suppression component surface.
The main object of the present invention is that offer can easily and effectively suppress to transmit caused grind by torque with low cost
The CV joint of consumption.
Other objects of the present invention are to provide the CV joint of excellent in te pins of durability.
Another other purposes of the present invention are to provide the manufacture method of above-mentioned CV joint.
According to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a kind of CV joint, it possesses：External component；Internal part, its
Inside insert in the external component；And torque transmission member, its between the external component and the internal part simultaneously
Carry out torque transmission, it is characterised in that in the outer surface of the inner surface as the external component and the internal part
Possesses the high rigidity layer using ceramic or cermet as main component on parts surface at least any one party.Here, it is main
Composition is wanted to refer to, the ratio of ceramics or cermet in high rigidity layer is substantially more than 80atm%, and the ratio can also be
100atm%.
On the parts surface of the CV joint of the present invention high rigidity layer that possesses with for example by implementing heat to parts surface
The hardened layer for handling and being formed is compared, and abrasion performance, corrosion resistance, insulating properties etc. are excellent, hardness (resistance to surface pressing) and high temperature
When intensity it is big.Therefore, in the CV joint, even if torque transmission member contacts with the parts surface provided with high rigidity layer,
Also it can effectively suppress to produce abrasion, show excellent durability.
Further, since grinding can be carried out to high rigidity layer, therefore after the high rigidity layer is formed, can adjust
The size of internal part and external component.It therefore, there is no need to consider change in size of internal part and external component etc. and advance
The accurately mould of design forging processing, can easily and effectively obtain CV joint.And then due to that need not carry out
High-frequency quenching etc. is heat-treated, therefore can reduce the energy such as the electric power consumed during CV joint is obtained.
Further, since external component and internal part can be formed by steel etc., thus with by ceramics or cermet
The situation for forming whole inscapes is compared, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of CV joint.And then for example, due to can be without
Cross the complicated manufacturing process such as processing and forming based on CIP and HIP and obtain CV joint, therefore CV joint can be improved
The free degree of production efficiency and shape and reduce equipment cost.
Therefore, it is possible to easily and effectively suppress to transmit caused abrasion by torque with low cost, durability can be obtained
Excellent CV joint.That is, the CV joint can have concurrently the advantages of low cost and steel such as mouldability is excellent and high rigidity and
The advantages of ceramic materials such as excellent wear resistance or cermet material.In addition, as described above, it can be made by high rigidity layer
The hardness of parts surface effectively improves, and correspondingly, is also able to maintain that even if the volume for reducing internal part and external component
Sufficient intensity.Therefore, it is possible to minimize CV joint.
In above-mentioned CV joint, preferably described high rigidity layer is made up of sandwich construction.In this case, can be answered
Closing ground has the high rigidity layer of various functions corresponding with the material of CV joint and use condition etc..
In above-mentioned CV joint, it is preferred that the sandwich construction of the high rigidity layer is by making in a thickness direction
The porosity changes and formed, and the porosity of the center side of the thickness direction is bigger than the porosity of two sides.This feelings
Under condition, it is formed in the high rigidity layer of parts surface, close contacts close to the side of parts surface and with torque transmission member
The opposite side of contact surface formed finer and close compared to center side.Therefore, it is possible to make the hardness of the contact surface side of high rigidity layer
As can effectively suppress by torque transmit caused by abrasion value.Furthermore it is possible to improve the parts surface side and portion of high rigidity layer
The cohesive (close fitting) on part surface.
On the other hand, the center side porosity of high rigidity layer is big, can correspondingly keep lubrication material well in stomata
Material, it is possible to increase the lubriation material holding capacity of high rigidity layer.Thereby, it is possible to fitted between torque transmission member and high rigidity layer
Lubricating film is formed when supply lubriation material, thus, it is possible to maintain mutual lubrication well.That is, can be further effective
Ground suppresses the abrasion of the parts surface provided with high rigidity layer.In addition, the center side of the high rigidity layer is bigger than the two side porositys, by
This, can play the function as padded coaming.Thus, for example, elastic deformation etc. is produced by the center side in high rigidity layer,
Interface pressure of the torque transmission member relative to high rigidity layer can be absorbed.Thereby, it is possible to improve the resistance to of CV joint entirety
Long property.
That is, by possessing the high rigidity layer of sandwich construction as described above, and more excellent durability is shown, can
Suitably realized the CV joint of high life.
In above-mentioned CV joint, it is preferred that in two sides of the thickness direction, with the close parts surface
The porosity of side is compared, and the porosity of the opposite side of the close contact surface contacted with the torque transmission member is bigger.It is this
In the case of, it is possible to increase the cohesive of parts surface and high rigidity layer, and via the stomata of the opposite side close to contact surface, profit
Sliding material easily moves between contact surface and the stomata of the center side of thickness direction.Therefore, it is possible in parts surface enterprising one
Step is stably formed high rigidity layer, and can further maintain the lubricity of contact surface and torque transmission member well and carry
High abrasion resistance.As a result, excellent in te pins of durability can be obtained and realize the CV joint of high life.
In above-mentioned CV joint, preferably described high rigidity layer is formed by spraying plating.In this case, for example, with leading to
Cross coating or bonding etc. and form the situation of high rigidity layer and compare, the selection free degree of material is high, can effectively and in high precision
Ground obtains high rigidity layer.In addition, for example, each condition (deposition rate, spraying plating distance, spraying plating temperature etc.) during by adjusting spraying plating
And the particle diameter and species (composition) of the particle as material, it is able to easily form the high rigidity layer of sandwich construction.
In addition, according to another implementation of the invention, there is provided a kind of manufacture method of CV joint, the CV joint
Possess：External component；Internal part, insert in the external component in it；And torque transmission member, it is between the outside
Between part and the internal part and torque transmission is carried out, there is the manufacture method of the CV joint high rigidity layer to form work
Sequence, in the high rigidity layer formation process, in the outer surface of the inner surface as the external component and the internal part
In at least any one party parts surface on formed using ceramics or cermet as main component high rigidity layer.
In the manufacture method of the CV joint of the present invention, even if torque transmission member and the part table provided with high rigidity layer
Face contacts, and also can effectively suppress to produce abrasion, show excellent durability, can be accomplished the high life etc.
Quick coupling.Further, since the heat treatment such as high-frequency quenching need not be carried out, therefore can reduce during CV joint is obtained
The energy such as the electric power of consumption.
And then compared with forming the situation of whole inscapes by ceramics or cermet, CV joint can be reduced
Manufacturing cost.And then for example, the manufacturing process complicated due to needing not move through processing and forming based on CIP and HIP etc., because
This can improve the manufacture efficiency of CV joint and the free degree of shape and reduce equipment cost.
Therefore, it is possible to easily and effectively suppress to transmit caused abrasion by torque with low cost, durability can be obtained
Excellent CV joint.In addition, the hardness that can make parts surface by high rigidity layer effectively improves, correspondingly, can
The sufficient intensity of internal part and external component is maintained, and minimizes CV joint.
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned CV joint, preferably in the high rigidity layer formation process, to the part table
Face forms the high rigidity layer by spraying plating, spraying plating condition is changed, to cause the high rigidity layer to turn into multilayer knot
Structure.In this case, it can obtain that there are various functions corresponding with the material of CV joint and use condition etc. compoundly
High rigidity layer.Further, since high rigidity layer is formed by spraying plating, thus, for example, high hard with being formed by coating or bonding etc.
The situation of degree layer is compared, and the selection free degree of material is high, can effectively and accurately obtain high rigidity layer.In addition, example
Such as, by adjust deposition rate and be used as material particle particle diameter and species, be able to easily form the height of sandwich construction
Rigidity layer.
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned CV joint, preferably in the high rigidity layer formation process, make the spraying plating bar
Part is changed with the 1st condition, the 2nd condition, the order of the 3rd condition, and during the 1st condition is set to, formation is piled up in
The 1st layer of the parts surface, during the 2nd condition is set to, formed continuous and the porosity compares institute from described 1st layer
The 1st layer big the 2nd layer is stated, during the 3rd condition is set to, is formed from described 2nd layer continuously and described in porosity ratio
2nd layer of small 3 layer.In this case, in high rigidity layer, can make close to the 1st layer of parts surface and close with turning
3rd layer of the 2nd layer of densification be formed as than center side of the contact surface of square transferring element contact.Therefore, it is possible to improve the 1st layer and portion
The cohesive on part surface.Furthermore it is possible to turning into the 3rd layer of hardness can effectively suppress to transmit caused abrasion by torque
Value.
On the other hand, the porosity is become in big the 2nd layer, lubriation material can be kept well in stomata.Thus,
Lubriation material suitably can be supplied to form lubricating film, thus, it is possible to maintain well between torque transmission member and the 3rd layer
Mutual lubrication.That is, the abrasion of the parts surface provided with high rigidity layer can effectively further be suppressed.
In addition, the 2nd layer of the porosity is bigger than the 1st layer and the 3rd layer, and thus, the 2nd layer of work(played as padded coaming
Energy.Therefore, torque transmission member relative to high rigidity layer interface pressure due to such as on the 2nd layer produce elastic deformation
And absorbed, the durability overall thereby, it is possible to improve CV joint.That is, the height by forming sandwich construction as described above
Rigidity layer, and more excellent durability is shown, it can obtain being properly achieved the CV joint of high life.
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned CV joint, the 1st condition described in preferred pair and the 3rd condition are set,
To cause described 3rd layer of the porosity bigger than described 1st layer.In this case, it is possible to increase parts surface and the 1st layer of bonding
Property.In addition, via the 3rd layer of stomata, lubriation material can be between the 3rd layer of surface (contact surface) and the 2nd layer of stomata
It is mobile.Therefore, it is possible to further be stably formed high rigidity layer on parts surface, and further can maintain to connect well
Contacting surface and the lubricity of torque transmission member and improve abrasion performance.As a result, excellent in te pins of durability can be obtained and realized
The CV joint of high life.
It is preferred that also there is grinding process in the manufacture method of above-mentioned CV joint, in the grinding process, to the height
A part for rigidity layer is ground.By the grinding, internal part and outside portion can be adjusted after high rigidity layer is formed
The size of part, therefore the mould of forging processing need not be accurately designed in advance, it can easily and effectively obtain constant speed
Joint.
According to the explanation that is carried out to following embodiment referring to the drawings, it should can easily understand that above-mentioned purpose,
Feature and advantage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the power for the CV joint (the 1st CV joint and the 2nd CV joint) for possessing present embodiment transmits machine
Structure wants portion's general profile chart.
Fig. 2 be the partial enlarged drawing of the high rigidity layer of Fig. 1 CV joint and represent the thickness of the high rigidity layer with it is hard
Spend the curve map of the relation of (solid line) and residual compression stress (chain-dotted line).
Fig. 3 is the outline figure of the manufacture method for the 2nd CV joint for illustrating Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the CV joint on the present invention, enumerates preferred embodiment, joins in the relation with its manufacture method
It is described in detail according to accompanying drawing.
Even if the CV joint of the present invention is between the arbitrary biography of the inner side of the power transmission of automobile etc. and outside
Passing axle can also apply each other.Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, being provided to the 1st CV joint 10 outer
The example that the Rzeppa shape of side, the 2nd CV joint 12 are provided at the tripod-type of inner side illustrates.
That is, the 1st CV joint 10 is between drive shaft 14 and wheel hub (not shown), and the 2nd CV joint 12 is between differential
Between gear (not shown) and drive shaft 14.
First, the structure of the 1st CV joint 10 is illustrated.1st CV joint 10 is substantially by outer cup (external component)
16th, inner ring (internal part) 18 and ball (torque transmission member) 20 are formed, and these parts are all by being formed such as steel.
Outer cup 16 is formed with the cup-shaped for having bottom outlet, and its axle portion 21 integratedly links with wheel hub.In outer cup 16 by sphere
On the inner surface of composition, around axle center respectively equally spaced formed with such as 6 the 1st ball grooves 22 axially extended.
Inner ring 18 is to be provided with multiple 2nd ball grooves 24 on periphery wall in a manner of corresponding with above-mentioned 1st ball grooves 22
Annular shape, and be accommodated in the inside of outer cup 16.In addition, inner ring 18 is by the hole portion and drive shaft 14 for being formed at its center
One end spline fitted.
Ball 20 is disposed of can distinguish one one between the 1st mutually opposing ball grooves 22 and the 2nd ball grooves 24
Roll individually, and ball 20 is kept by the retainer 26 between the outer surface of the inner surface of outer cup 16 and inner ring 18.Should
Ball 20 carries out torque biography by being contacted respectively with the 1st ball grooves 22 and the 2nd ball grooves 24 between outer cup 16 and inner ring 18
Pass.
Between outer cup 16 and drive shaft 14, the joint protection of rubber system or resin-made with corrugated part is installed
Cover 28a.In joint with protective cover 28a, as lubriation material, lubricant composition is sealed with.
On the 1st CV joint 10, outer cup 16 inner surface formed with high rigidity layer 30a, and in inner ring 18
Outer surface is formed with high rigidity layer 30b.Details about high rigidity layer 30a, 30b is described below.
Next, the structure of the 2nd CV joint 12 is illustrated.2nd CV joint 12 is substantially (outer by outer collar members
Portion's part) 32, cross axle (internal part) 34 and roller (torque transmission member) 36 form, these parts are all by for example
Steel etc. is formed.
Outer collar members 32 are formed with the cup-shaped for having bottom outlet, and its axle portion 37 integratedly links with differential gearing.In outer ring portion
Around axle center respectively equally spaced formed with such as 3 track grooves 38 on the inner surface of part 32.
Cross axle 34 has annular portion 40 and the multiple gudgeons 42 protruded from the periphery wall of the annular portion 40.Cross
Inserted in axle 34 in outer collar members 32, to cause the gudgeon 42 to be accommodated in respectively in track groove 38.In addition, annular portion 40 is by shape
The hole portion at Cheng Yuqi centers and the other end jigsaw fit of drive shaft 14.
Roller 36 be via multiple rolling elements 44 rotatably annular shape on the gudgeon 42, and with track groove 38
Inwall sliding contact.That is, periphery wall and the rolling of the internal perisporium of roller 36 and the wall contacts of gudgeon 42 and roller 36 are passed through
The inwall contact of road groove 38, torque transmission is carried out between outer collar members 32 and cross axle 34 via roller 36.In addition, roll
Body 44 can be the rolling bearing such as comprising needle roller, roller.
With above-mentioned joint with the same manner as protective cover 28a, to be enclosed inside it between outer collar members 32 and drive shaft 14
The mode for having lubricant composition is provided with joint protective cover 28b.
In the 2nd CV joint 12, outer collar members 32 inner surface formed with high rigidity layer 30a, and in cross
The outer surface of shape axle 34 is formed with high rigidity layer 30b.Below, also by the inner surface of the outer cup 16 of the 1st CV joint 10 and interior
The outer surface of ring 18 and the outer surface of the inner surface of outer collar members 32 and cross axle 34 are collectively referred to as parts surface.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, be formed at the sandwich construction that high rigidity layer 30a, 30b of the parts surface is changed by the porosity in a thickness direction and form.
With being carried out specifically to high rigidity layer 30a, 30b structure in the relation of the manufacture method of the CV joint of present embodiment
It is bright.
In the manufacture method of the CV joint, in order to obtain above-mentioned 1st CV joint 10 and the 2nd CV joint 12
Each inscape, forging processing is carried out to the steel for implementing heat treatment and lubricated, obtains each of above-mentioned inscape
The formed body of individual shape.Also, carry out following high rigidity layer formation process：In these formed bodys, as external component
The parts surface of the outer surface of the inner surface and internal part (inner ring 18, cross axle 34) of (outer cup 16, outer collar members 32)
It is upper to form high rigidity layer 30a, 30b respectively.
The various methods such as coating or bonding can be applied to carry out high rigidity layer 30a, 30b formation, it is preferred that logical
Spraying plating (plasma spraying or high-speed flame spraying plating etc.) is crossed to carry out.By using spraying plating, it is possible to increase the selection of material is certainly
By spending, and high efficiency and it can accurately obtain high rigidity layer 30a, 30b.It is in addition, for example, each during by adjusting spraying plating
The particle diameter and species (composition) of condition (deposition rate, spraying plating distance, spraying plating temperature etc.) and particle as material, Neng Gourong
Change places to form high rigidity layer 30a, 30b of the sandwich construction with desired consistency and the porosity.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, to being illustrated by spraying plating to form high rigidity layer 30a, 30b example.Such as
Shown in Fig. 3, in high rigidity layer formation process, the particle as material is dissolved and blown on parts surface using spray torch 46
And film forming.Now, rise to suppress the excessive temperature of external component and internal part, entered by cooling way (not shown)
Row cooling, to cause temperature to be no more than such as 100 DEG C., can be by using cooling mediums such as cooling waters as cooling way
Known method is carried out.In addition, in figure 3, height is formed exemplified with the inner surface in the outer collar members 32 as external component
Rigidity layer 30a situation.
In high rigidity layer formation process, spraying plating condition is set to change, to cause high rigidity layer 30a, 30b to turn into thickness
The sandwich construction that the porosity changes on degree direction.That is, passed from high rigidity layer 30a, 30b parts surface side towards with torque
The side of contact surface 48 of part (ball 20, roller 36) contact is passed, makes spraying plating condition according to the 1st condition, the 2nd condition, the 3rd condition
Order changes.
In high rigidity layer 30a, it is that the layer formed during the 1st condition is the 1st layer of 302a to be located at spraying plating condition.Equally
Ground, the layer formed during being located at spraying plating condition as the 2nd condition, the 3rd condition is respectively the 2nd layer of 304a, the 3rd layer of 306a.In addition,
Between the 1st layer of 302a~3rd layer 306a each layer, the mutual porosity and composition obliquely change.Therefore, high rigidity
Layer 30a each layer be not by clear and definite boundary demarcation, but for convenience of description, if in high rigidity layer 30a by identical spraying plating
The position that condition is formed is 1 layer.
In the same manner as high rigidity layer 30a, high rigidity layer 30b is also by during the 1st condition, the 2nd condition, the 3rd condition
The sandwich construction that the 1st layer of 302b, the 2nd layer of 304b, the 3rd layer of 306b formed respectively is formed.
That is, the side of close parts surfaces of each high rigidity layer 30a, 30b in two sides of thickness direction formed with
1st layer of 302a, 302b, in the opposite side close to contact surface 48 formed with the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b.In addition, the 2nd layer of 304a, 304b
The 1st layer of 302a, 302b and the 3rd layer are respectively interposed between 306a, 306b.
Here, high rigidity layer 30a and high rigidity layer 30b is formed as except the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b constituent are mutual not
Remaining is identical with outside.Specifically, for example, in order to particularly good improve abrasion performance, the 3rd layer of 306a be by comprising
80~90atm% WC, 5~10atm% Co, 3~8atm% CrC stuff and other stuff are formed as original material.
Therefore, in this case, the 3rd layer of 306a is made up of cermet.On the other hand, for example, in order to realize toughness and abrasion performance
Equilibrium, the 3rd layer of 306b be by the WC comprising 70~90atm%, 1~10atm% Co, 1~5atm% CrC, 1~
5atm% Ni stuff and other stuff is formed as original material.That is, the 3rd layer of 306b is also to be made up of cermet.
Therefore, below, enumerate son in case of forming high rigidity layer 30a and illustrate.On high rigidity layer 30b, by
In can be substantially same with high rigidity layer 30a be formed, therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
Specifically, it is first, tight with the parts surface in order to especially effectively improve in high rigidity layer formation process
Close stickiness, under the conditions of the 1st that the porosity that can make the 1st layer of 302a is reduced as best one can, spraying plating is carried out to parts surface.
That is, the 1st condition is set to, and the upper limit of the 1st layer of 302a, 302b porosity is 0.5~3%.
Here, " porosity " is based in " spraying plating engineering handbook " (Japanese spraying plating association publishes page 600 in January, 2010)
The porosity carried out using image procossing of record determines to calculate.That is, the porosity is value as follows：Sample is cutd open
After face carries out mirror ultrafinish, shot by light microscope.2 value processing are carried out to thus obtained image, to stomata
Partly (for example, black) area shared in gross area is calculated and obtains the value.Or can also by water seaoning come
Carry out the measure of the porosity.
1st layer of 302a original material is for example can especially effectively improve the tight of the 1st layer of 302a and surface elements
The mode of close stickiness is to Al2O3、FeMn、Cr2O3Allocated and formed.Further, it is contemplated that it is brought into close contact with parts surface
Property and impact resistance, are set as less than 100 μm by the 1st layer of 302a thickness.
Therefore, as described above, on the 1st layer of 302a, by being set respectively to the porosity, constituent material, thickness, energy
It is enough effectively to prevent high rigidity layer 30a from being peeled off from parts surface.
Next, spraying plating is carried out to the 1st layer of 302a for being deposited in parts surface under the conditions of the 2nd, to form porosity ratio
The 2nd layer of big 1st layer of 302a 304a.2nd condition is for example set to：The 2nd layer of 304a porosity be 2~5% and
It is in the range of the porosity no more than above-mentioned 1st layer of 302a.So, can be the 2nd by making the porosity be more than 2%
The lubriation materials such as foregoing grease composition are kept well in layer 304a stomata.
In addition, the 2nd layer of 304a can play the function as padded coaming between the 1st layer of 302a and the 3rd layer of 306a.
That is, torque transmission member relative to high rigidity layer 30a interface pressure due to for example producing elastic deformation on the 2nd layer of 304a
Deng and absorbed.Thereby, it is possible to improve the 1st CV joint 10 and the 2nd CV joint 12 (following, also collectively referred to as CV joint
10th, the overall durability of unit 12).In addition, being less than 5% by making the 2nd layer of 304a porosity, it can suitably suppress high
Rigidity layer 30a impact resistance declines.
In order to suppress the stripping of high rigidity layer 30a interlayer, the material for preferably comprising the 2nd layer of 304a contains at the 1st layer
The composition shared in 302a and the 3rd layer of 306a both sides.As such composition system, WC is enumerated10CrC7Ni.In addition, the 2nd layer
304a thickness for example can be the arbitrary value between 10~50 μm, but more preferably 20~30 μm.In this case, can be appropriate
Realize that high rigidity layer 30a lubriation material holding capacity is balanced with impact resistance in ground.
Next, spraying plating is carried out to the 2nd layer of 304a under the conditions of the 3rd, it is bigger than above-mentioned 1st layer of 302a simultaneously to form the porosity
And the 3rd layer of 306a that than the 2nd layer 304a is small.The porosity that 3rd condition is for example set to the 3rd layer of 306a is 0.5~2%.
In this case, the hardness that can make the 3rd layer of 306a is the value that can effectively suppress to be transmitted caused abrasion by torque.This
Outside, via the 3rd layer of 306a stomata, lubriation material can be made on the 3rd layer of 306a surface (contact surface 48) and the 2nd layer of 304a
Stomata between move.
Thus, for example, during the action for making CV joint 10,12 stops, can be by lubriation material from contact surface 48
It is effectively held in via the 3rd layer of 306a stomata in the 2nd layer of 304a stomata.On the other hand, acted in CV joint 10,12
When, being held in the 2nd layer of 304a in-house lubriation material can move via the 3rd layer of 306a stomata to contact surface 48.Its
As a result, it is possible to the lubricity of contact surface 48 and torque transmission member is further maintained well and improves abrasion performance.
As described above, the material for forming the 3rd layer of 306a is the composition by that can effectively improve abrasion performance and toughness etc.
Form.In addition, the 3rd layer of 306a thickness is for example preferably 10~50 μm.In this case, the 3rd layer can fully be maintained
306a hardness and effectively suppress the 3rd layer of 306a and peeled off from the 2nd layer of 304a.
High rigidity layer formation process more than, high rigidity layer 30a, 30b can be formed in parts surface.Now, it is high
Rigidity layer 30a, 30b overall thickness are preferably 50~200 μm, more preferably 70~100 μm.In addition, above-mentioned spraying plating
The maximum of the deposition rate (the blowing attached speed of particle) of rifle 46 also depends on the composition (proportion) of spraying plating mode and particle, example
Such as, spraying plating Al is being carried out using high-speed flame spraying plating2O3Particle in the case of, reach 400~1000m/ seconds.So, in ultrahigh speed
Lower particle collides, and thus, processing hardening is produced in parts surface, and forms a part and the parts surface conjunction of particle
The influence layer 50 of aurification.In addition, as shown in the chain-dotted line in Fig. 2, residual pressure can be produced in high rigidity layer 30a, 30b inside
Stress under compression.
By these influence layers 50 and residual compression stress, further can also improve well formed with high rigidity layer
The hardness of 30a, 30b parts surface and effectively suppression strippings of high rigidity layer 30a, the 30b from parts surface.It is in addition, logical
The condition (especially deposition rate) of adjustment spraying plating is crossed, the size for the thickness and residual compression stress for influenceing layer 50 can also be entered
The appropriate setting of row.
Grinding process is carried out, in the grinding process, to one of the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b in the high rigidity layer 30a, 30b
Part is ground.Thus, by carrying out size adjusting, external component and internal part can be obtained.That is, above-mentioned high hard
Spend in layer formation process, the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b is formed as than above-mentioned preferable thickness greatly equivalent in grinding process
The amount of 20~80 μm ground of grinding allowance.
As described above, in the internal part and external component, after high rigidity layer 30a is formed, grinding work is carried out
Sequence can adjust size.It therefore, there is no need in advance accurately design the mould for forging processing, easily and can have
Obtain the internal part and external component to effect.Additionally, it is preferred that by the surface (contact surface 48) of the 3rd layer of 306a after grinding
Surface roughness is adjusted to 12.5~25S.
Next, as described above, by formed with high rigidity layer 30a, 30b and having carried out the outside portion of size adjusting
Part and internal part progress are appropriately combined, can obtain CV joint 10,12.
As described above, high rigidity layer 30a, 30b with for example by parts surface implement be heat-treated formed hardened layer
Compare, be superior, intensity when hardness (resistance to surface pressing) and high temperature in abrasion performance, corrosion resistance, insulating properties etc.
Greatly.Therefore, even if torque transmission member contacts with the parts surface provided with the high rigidity layer 30a, 30b, also can effectively press down
System produces abrasion.
Further, since external component and internal part can be formed by steel etc., thus with whole inscapes be all by
The situation that ceramics or cermet are formed is compared, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of CV joint 10,12.And then for example, due to
CV joint 10,12 can be obtained without the complicated manufacturing process such as processing and forming based on CIP and HIP, therefore can
Improve the free degree of manufacture efficiency and shape and reduce equipment cost.
As described above, can easily and effectively suppress to transmit caused abrasion by torque with low cost, can obtain resistance to
The excellent CV joint 10,12 of long property.That is, the CV joint 10,12 can have low cost and the steel such as mouldability is excellent concurrently
The advantages of ceramic material such as advantage and high rigidity and excellent wear resistance or cermet material.It is in addition, as described above, logical
Too high rigidity layer 30a, 30b can effectively improve the hardness of parts surface, correspondingly, even if reducing internal part and outer
The volume of portion's part is also able to maintain that sufficient intensity.Therefore, it is possible to minimize CV joint 10,12.
In addition, as described above, high rigidity layer 30a, 30b sandwich construction are by making the porosity in a thickness direction
Change and formed.Also, the porosity is center side (the 2nd layer of 304a, 304b side) (the 1st layer of two sides of ratio of thickness direction
302a, 302b side and the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b side) big value.In this case, it is formed at the high rigidity layer of parts surface
In 30a, 30b, close to parts surface side (the 1st layer of 302a, 302b side) and it is close contacted with torque transmission member connect
The opposite side (the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b side) of contacting surface 48 forms finer and close compared to center side.
Therefore, the relation of the thickness by high rigidity layer 30a, 30b shown in solid in Fig. 2 and hardness can be clear and definite, can
High rigidity layer 30a, 30b contact surface side and the hardness (compactness) of parts surface side are improved well.As a result, can
Effectively suppress by torque transmit caused by wear away, and high rigidity layer 30a, 30b and parts surface can be improved well
Cohesive (close fitting).
On the other hand, high rigidity layer 30a, 30b the center side porosity are big, can correspondingly be kept well in stomata
Lubriation material, it is possible to increase high rigidity layer 30a, 30b lubriation material holding capacity.Thereby, it is possible to torque transmission member with
Lubriation material is suitably supplied between high rigidity layer 30a, 30b to form lubricating film, thus, it is possible to remain mutual well
Lubrication.That is, the abrasion of the parts surface provided with high rigidity layer 30a, 30b can effectively further be suppressed.In addition, the high rigidity
Layer 30a, 30b center side are bigger than the two side porositys, and thereby, it is possible to play the function as padded coaming.
Thus, for example, producing elastic deformation etc. by the center side in high rigidity layer 30a, 30b, torque biography can be absorbed
Pass interface pressure of the part relative to high rigidity layer 30a, 30b.Thereby, it is possible to improve the durable of the entirety of CV joint 10,12
Property.
That is, by possessing high rigidity layer 30a, 30b of sandwich construction as described above, and show more excellent durable
Property, it can suitably be realized the CV joint 10,12 of high life.
In addition, the present invention is not particularly limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can be carried out in the range of its main idea is not departed from various
Deformation.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, external component inner surface and internal part outer surface whole shapes
Into high rigidity layer 30a, 30b, but it is not particularly limited in this.High rigidity layer 30a, 30b only can be located at external component
Inner surface and internal part outer surface in necessary position.
In addition, high rigidity layer 30a and high rigidity layer 30b is formed as except the 3rd layer of 306a, 306b constituent are mutual not
Remaining is all identical with outside, but is not particularly limited in this.For example, the 1st layer of 302a~3rd layer 306a and the 1st layer of 302b
It is identical that~the 3 layer of 306b can be respectively formed as the various properties such as constituent from each other, the porosity, thickness,
It can be formed as entirely different.That is, high rigidity layer 30a and high rigidity layer 30b sandwich construction are not limited to above-mentioned 3 layers, can be with
Suitably adjusted, so that its has and the corresponding various functions such as the material of CV joint 10,12 and use condition compoundly.
And then high rigidity layer 30a, 30b can also be single layer structures.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of CV joint (10,12), it possesses：External component (16)；Internal part (18), the outside portion is inserted in it
In part (16)；And torque transmission member (20), its between the external component (16) and the internal part (18) simultaneously
Torque transmission is carried out, the CV joint (10,12) is characterised by,
It is at least any one in as the outer surface of the inner surface of the external component (16) and the internal part (18)
Possess the high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) using ceramic or cermet as main component on the parts surface of side,
The high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) is made up of sandwich construction,
The sandwich construction of the high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) is formed by making the porosity change in a thickness direction
,
The porosity of the center side of the thickness direction is bigger than the porosity of two sides.
2. CV joint (10,12) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In two sides of the thickness direction, with close to the parts surface side the porosity compared with, it is close with described turn
The porosity of the opposite side of the contact surface (48) of square transferring element (20) contact is bigger.
3. CV joint (10,12) according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) is formed by spraying plating.
4. a kind of manufacture method of CV joint (10,12), the CV joint (10,12) possess：External component (16)；Internal portion
Part (18), insert in the external component (16) in it；And torque transmission member (20), it is between the external component (16)
Between the internal part (18) and torque transmission is carried out, the manufacture method of the CV joint (10,12) is characterised by,
The manufacture method of the CV joint (10,12) has high rigidity layer formation process, in the high rigidity layer formation process,
Portion as at least any one party in the inner surface of the external component (16) and the outer surface of the internal part (18)
The high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) using ceramic or cermet as main component is formed on part surface,
In the high rigidity layer formation process, the parts surface is formed by spraying plating the high rigidity layer (30a,
30b), spraying plating condition is made to change, to cause the high rigidity layer (30a, 30b) to turn into sandwich construction,
In the high rigidity layer formation process, the spraying plating condition is set to be sent out with the 1st condition, the 2nd condition, the order of the 3rd condition
Changing,
During the 1st condition is set to, the 1st layer (302a, 302b) for being piled up in the parts surface is formed,
During the 2nd condition is set to, and the porosity continuous from described 1st layer (302a, 302b) is formed than the described 1st
Layer (302a, 302b) big the 2nd layer (304a, 304b),
During the 3rd condition is set to, and the porosity continuous from described 2nd layer (304a, 304b) is formed than the described 2nd
Layer (304a, 304b) small the 3rd layer (306a, 306b).
5. the manufacture method of CV joint (10,12) according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
1st condition and the 3rd condition are set, to cause the porosity ratio of described 3rd layer (306a, 306b)
Described 1st layer (302a, 302b) is big.
6. the manufacture method of the CV joint (10,12) according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that
The manufacture method of the CV joint (10,12) also has grinding process, in the grinding process, to the high rigidity layer
The part of (30a, 30b) is ground.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014162561A JP6093737B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-08 | Constant velocity joint and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2014-162561 | 2014-08-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105370742A CN105370742A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105370742B true CN105370742B (en) | 2018-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510484624.XA Active CN105370742B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2015-08-07 | CV joint and its manufacture method |
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| JP (1) | JP6093737B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105370742B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6765231B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2020-10-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Boots for constant velocity universal joints and power transmission structure equipped with these boots |
| JP2020148283A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Outside joint member for constant velocity universal joint |
| JP7142593B2 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2022-09-27 | Ntn株式会社 | Outer joint member for constant velocity universal joint |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000256694A (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2000-09-19 | Ntn Corp | Tripod-type constant-velocity universal joint and grease for this joint |
| JP3683451B2 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2005-08-17 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic sliding parts |
| US8105172B2 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2012-01-31 | Maciag Walter J | Bearing assembly having debris removal system |
| JP2009293728A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-17 | Ntn Corp | Constant velocity universal joint |
| JP2009299838A (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-24 | Ntn Corp | Tripod type constant velocity universal joint and method of manufacturing member for constant velocity universal joint |
| JP2010196817A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-09 | Ntn Corp | Power transmission shaft and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2014
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| JP6093737B2 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| JP2016038048A (en) | 2016-03-22 |
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