CN105367812A - Method for enhancing strength of 3D printed products - Google Patents
Method for enhancing strength of 3D printed products Download PDFInfo
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- CN105367812A CN105367812A CN201510922876.6A CN201510922876A CN105367812A CN 105367812 A CN105367812 A CN 105367812A CN 201510922876 A CN201510922876 A CN 201510922876A CN 105367812 A CN105367812 A CN 105367812A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/02—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances with solvents, e.g. swelling agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/11—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids from solid polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2355/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08J2323/00 - C08J2353/00
- C08J2355/02—Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene [ABS] polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of a 3D printing technology and specifically relates to a method for enhancing strength of 3D printed products. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that strength of 3D printed products, especially 3D printed products printed by a fused deposition modeling method in the part-forming Z direction is poor. A raw material of the printed part product is a solute, and a cooperative solvent can effectively dissolve a shallow surface layer of the product. Thus, the shallow surface layer of the product and the solute are fused as a whole. Juncture of 3D printed stack layers is effectively filled, shallow surface layer strength of the juncture is increased, and strength of the 3D printed product is further enhanced. By the method, strength of parts is enhanced, and dimension of parts is basically not changed. The method is very beneficial to expand application range of special plastic parts 3D printed by an FDM technology. The technical problem that has existed in the field all the time is solved. The method has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method increasing 3D printed product intensity.
Background technology
3D printing technique is integrated on the basis of Modern CAD/CAM technology, laser technology, computer numerical control technology, elaborate servo actuation techniques and new material technology growing up.At present, 3D printing technique is mainly divided into fusion stacking forming technique (FDM), liquid photosensitive resin laser curing technology (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), selective laser melting technology (SLM), 3DP technology, DLP laser formation technology etc.Different types of rapid prototyping system is because of shaped material difference used, and Forming Theory and system features are also had nothing in common with each other, but its ultimate principle is all the same, all adopts " Layered manufacturing successively superposes ".
Fusion stacking forming technique (FDM) is by thread heat-fusible materials heating and melting, and three-dimensional shower nozzle under control of the computer simultaneously, according to cross section profile information, applies on the table by material selectivity, forms a layer cross section fast after cooling.The fine filaments material that high temperature is extruded just is cooled to below second-order transition temperature through the of short duration time, but, there is certain time interval between accumulation horizon during printing, between the silk material causing shower nozzle place to extrude and the silk material piled up, there is temperature head.Although the 3D printing device of some FDM technology has the forming room of insulation, the holding temperature of forming room is generally arranged on below the second-order transition temperature of material, and the temperature of this and material molten differs greatly.
Owing to there is temperature head between the silk material piled up and the silk material of melting, and the silk material piled up is below second-order transition temperature, between layers by shower nozzle and the extruding between accumulation horizon when 3D prints, by the silk material of molten state with pile up a material and be formed together by cohesive force.Therefore, the Z-direction (i.e. the direction of silk sheet material layers accumulated growth) that FDM technology 3D prints, bonding force is far smaller than X, Y-direction.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram printing a kind of snap fit part obtained with FDM technology 3D.When FDM technology 3D prints the part of processing X, Z>>Y direction size or Y, Z>>X direction size, particularly when part between 0.5mm-5mm of the size in the less direction of size, the intensity of the Z-direction of part is more weak.In addition, part prints the structure on surface existence " ripple glaze " of Z-direction, and junction is " at the bottom of wave " between layers, corresponding to the minimum place of Z-direction bonding force, see Fig. 1.Some special thin-walled parts of this area can produce certain deformation when assembling, such as snap fit, buckle, and the part that FDM mode prints easily causing when producing deformation ftractureing along junction between layers on Z stacked direction, even fractureing, causing part rejection.Present stage does not also have technology effectively to address this problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is 3D printed product, especially the 3D printed product that prints of fusion stacking (FDM) method, the problem that the intensity of part forming Z-direction is more weak.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is to provide a kind of method increasing 3D printed product intensity.The method comprises the following steps:
The raw material powder of a, use 3D printed product, as solute, makes solution with dissolving this raw-material solvent;
B, by solution spray or be applied to 3D and print and obtain the surface that product need strengthen position, utilize solvent to carry out shallow-layer dissolving to product surface, and the solute in solution is combined with shallow-layer solute, to fill up 3D printing accumulation horizon junction;
C, solvent flashing, make solute and goods became one, and namely reaches the object increasing 3D printed product intensity.
Wherein, the 3D printed product starting material described in aforesaid method step a are at least one in acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene plastics (ABS), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycarbonate (PC), nylon (PA) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene-polycarbonate (ABS-PC).
Wherein, the raw material powder of the 3D printed product described in aforesaid method step a, its grain diameter≤1mm.
Wherein, solvent described in aforesaid method is at least one in ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methylene dichloride, chloroform, dimethylbenzene or propyl carbinol.
Wherein, solution described in aforesaid method is prepared from by the raw material of following listed as parts by weight: solute 0.1 ~ 50 part, and solvent is 50 ~ 99.9 parts.
Further, solution described in aforesaid method is prepared from by the raw material of following listed as parts by weight: solute 0.1 ~ 10 part, and solvent is 90 ~ 99.9 parts.
Further, the inventive method is mainly applicable to the 3D printing part product of its X, Z>>Y direction size or Y, Z>>X direction size.Be applicable to the little direction of size be especially of a size of 3D between 0.5mm-5mm and print connecting elements.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention develops a kind of method that 3D printed product is gained in strength dexterously, the starting material printing part product are adopted to be solute, and coordinate solvent can the shallow upper layer of dissolved product effectively, the shallow upper layer of product and solute are combined together, effectively fill up 3D and print accumulation horizon junction, increase the shallow surface strength of junction, and then improve 3D printed product intensity.This method is while increase part strength, substantially the size of part can't not be changed, be very beneficial for expanding the use range that FDM technology 3D prints special plastic paste, solve the technical barrier all the time perplexing this area, there is good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that fusion stacking technology 3D prints a snap fit part.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention strengthens 3D printed product.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention strengthens 3D printed product embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention strengthens 3D printed product embodiment four.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment by accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, foregoing of the present invention is described in further detail again.
The inventive method comprises the following steps:
The raw material powder of a, use 3D printed product, as solute, makes solution with dissolving this raw-material solvent;
B, by solution spray or be applied to 3D and print and obtain the surface at the position that product need be strengthened, utilize solvent to carry out shallow-layer dissolving to product surface, and the solute in solution is combined with shallow-layer solute, to fill up 3D printing accumulation horizon junction;
C, solvent flashing, make solute and goods became one, and namely reaches the object increasing 3D printed product intensity.
The principle of the inventive method is, uses 3D to print the starting material of part product as solute dexterously, coordinates solvent to make solution, sprays or be coated in 3D to print part product needed reinforcement part.Utilize the shallow upper layer of the dissolution with solvents product in solution, the shallow upper layer of product and solute is made to produce contact, after solvent evaporates, shallow upper layer and solute combine together, effectively fill up 3D and print accumulation horizon junction, namely " at the bottom of wave " shown in Fig. 1, increases the intensity on the shallow top layer of junction, and then improves 3D printed product intensity.
Obviously, those skilled in the art, according to the introduction of above-mentioned step and principle, just easily adopt and realize the present invention in various manners, technical solution problem.
Be understandable that, the inventive method is especially applicable to the part solving X, Z>>Y direction size or Y, Z>>X direction size, the particularly part of size between 0.5mm-5mm in the less direction of size, the problem that the intensity of its Z-direction is more weak.
In general, the conventional 3D in this area prints raw-material powder and can use as solute, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene plastics (ABS), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycarbonate (PC), nylon (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene-polycarbonate (ABS-PC) one or several.Obviously in order to make solute and shallow top layer better combine together, using identical 3D to print starting material is better selections.
Find in practice, as fruit granule is comparatively large, may just to have vapored away by solvent when also not dissolved, particle, together with particles stick, is not easy to evenly to be coated in 3D and prints piece surface.Even if multiplex solvent, dissolution time can be very long, and waste solvent.So the most handy fine particle.So in order to better be dissolved in solvent, the particle diameter of the particle of above-mentioned solute powder is general≤1mm.
And above-mentioned solvent can be selected from the one-part solvent of the compositions such as ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methylene dichloride, chloroform, dimethylbenzene or propyl carbinol or multi-component mixed solvent, as long as fully solute can be dissolved, and the shallow upper layer of 3D printed product can be dissolved.
Above-mentioned solution can be prepared from by the raw material of following listed as parts by weight: solute 0.1 ~ 10 part, and solvent is 90 ~ 99.9 parts.Further, upper solution can be prepared from by the raw material of following listed as parts by weight: described solute 0.1 ~ 10 part, and solvent is 90 ~ 99.9 parts.Those skilled in the art can understand, under the guidance of principle of such scheme, as long as can meet and can dissolve solute in time, and be enough to the shallow upper layer of dissolved product, and can volatilize in time after the shallow upper layer of dissolving after application, thus make the requirement that solute and shallow upper layer combine, suitably can do suitable adjustment to proportioning.
Carry out more specific description to the inventive method by the following examples, as nothing is said especially, the FDM method of the 3D printed product in following instance obtains.
Embodiment one uses the inventive method to increase 3D printed product intensity
Fig. 3 is that a kind of 3D prints the shape of snap fit part and the schematic diagram of Print direction.Visible in figure 3, the size of the Y that this snap fit part is piled up when 3D prints and Z-direction is much larger than X-direction, and X-direction is of a size of 2mm, and owing to can be subject to the squeeze to X-direction during snap fit assembling, part is easily lost.
These snap fit part starting material are that acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene plastics (ABS) obtain through 3D printing.Getting 50 parts, its powder is by weight dissolved in 50 parts of ethyl acetate, and stirring makes it fully dissolve and leave standstill and obtains solution.Stink cupboard metal spray gun equably spray solution to be parallel to the surface in Y-Z face in part, when accumulation horizon junction is filled up, stop spraying, and after waiting for that solvent volatilizees completely, take out and obtain the 3D printing snap fit part after enhancing.
Embodiment two uses the inventive method to increase 3D printed product intensity
It is consistent that the 3D printing part of the present embodiment and the 3D of embodiment one print part specifications, adopts ABS material printing to obtain.10 parts, the starting material ABS powder getting this part of printing by weight, as solute, gets ethyl acetate 50 parts, 40 parts, acetone by weight as solvent, makes it fully dissolve and leave standstill these three kinds of raw materials mixing, stirrings.Be applied to part strength plane of weakness equably at ventilation hairbrush, when accumulation horizon junction is filled up, namely stop brushing, and after waiting for that solvent volatilizees completely, the 3D taking out and obtain after enhancing prints snap fit part.
Embodiment three uses the inventive method to increase 3D printed product intensity
It is consistent that the 3D printing part of the present embodiment and the 3D of embodiment one print part specifications, is that employing polycarbonate (PC) file printing obtains.Get by weight and print 5 parts, the starting material PC powder of this part as solute, get chloroform 20 parts, butanone 40 parts, tetrahydrofuran (THF) 35 parts by weight as solvent, by these four kinds of raw materials mixing, stir and make it fully dissolve and leave standstill to obtain solution.At stink cupboard, with metal spray gun, spray solution is in part strength plane of weakness equably, and when accumulation horizon junction is filled up, stopping sprays, and after waiting for that solvent volatilizees completely, the 3D taking out and obtain after enhancing prints snap fit part.
Embodiment four uses the inventive method to increase 3D printed product intensity
Use the inventive method to strengthen the intensity of another kind of snap fit part, the shape of this snap fit part and Print direction are see Fig. 4.Visible in the diagram, the size of Y and Z-direction that this part snap fit 3D prints starting material accumulation is much larger than X-direction, X-direction size is only 5mm, as being subject to the squeeze to Y-direction during snap fit assembling, then snap fit place is easy to lose, but when the thin-walled parts except snap fit is subject to the power of X or-X-direction, also easily lose, therefore need to carry out enhancement process to thin-walled parts herein.
The starting material printed due to this part 3D are nylon (PA), get 0.1 part, PA powder by weight as solute, get dimethylbenzene 70 parts by weight, propyl carbinol 29.9 parts, as solvent, by this three kinds of raw materials mixing, stirs and makes solute fully dissolve and leave standstill to obtain solution.At stink cupboard metal spray gun, dissolution homogeneity is sprayed at part strength plane of weakness, when accumulation horizon junction is filled up, namely stops spraying, and after waiting for that solvent volatilizees completely, the 3D taking out and obtain after enhancing prints snap fit part.
As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, use the inventive method simply and effectively can increase the intensity that 3D prints part product summary position, solve a technical barrier of this area dexterously.
Claims (5)
1. increase a method for 3D printed product intensity, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The raw material powder of a, use 3D printed product, as solute, makes solution with dissolving this raw-material solvent;
B, by solution spray or be applied to 3D and print and obtain the surface at the position that product need be strengthened, utilize solvent to carry out shallow-layer dissolving to product surface, and the solute in solution is combined with shallow-layer solute, to fill up 3D printing accumulation horizon junction;
C, solvent flashing, make solute and goods became one, and namely reaches the object increasing 3D printed product intensity.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the 3D printed product starting material described in step a are at least one in acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene plastics, poly(lactic acid), polycarbonate, nylon or acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethylene-polycarbonate.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material powder of described 3D printed product, its grain diameter≤1mm.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solvent is at least one in ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methylene dichloride, chloroform, dimethylbenzene or propyl carbinol.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solution is prepared from by the raw material of following listed as parts by weight: solute 0.1 ~ 50 part, and solvent is 50 ~ 99.9 parts.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106965435A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 四川长虹智能制造技术有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing part post-processing approach |
| CN107022166A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-08 | 衢州学院 | A kind of modified ABS bamboo matter consumptive material for 3D printing |
| CN107848227A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-03-27 | 苏州聚复高分子材料有限公司 | Handle the device and its application method of increasing material manufacturing object |
| CN109435247A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-03-08 | 河北英曼卡科技有限公司 | TPU powder selective laser sintering product post-treatment solution makes and uses method |
| CN113844032A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 深圳森工科技有限公司 | Printed material and method for enhancing strength of printed material |
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| CN113844032B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-12-26 | 深圳森工科技有限公司 | Printed material and strength enhancement method for printed material |
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