CN105355021B - Long-distance wireless meter-reading system based on ZigBee and its method for testing performance - Google Patents
Long-distance wireless meter-reading system based on ZigBee and its method for testing performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及远程无线抄表系统技术领域。具体讲是一种ZigBee远程无线抄表系统性能检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of remote wireless meter reading systems. Specifically, it is a ZigBee remote wireless meter reading system performance detection method.
背景技术Background technique
ZigBee远程无线抄表系统的采集节点和集中器之间的通讯方式是无线通讯。在无线通信系统中，对信道链路质量的测量结果是判定系统性能的重要依据。链路质量包括单个采集节点的剩余能量、传输延迟、丢包率、误码率、抗干扰能力等，以及整个网络的拓扑结构等参数。现有非ZigBee无线抄表网络测量方法技术含量低，基本采用单点测试，不能在系统层面上测试拓扑结构。现有非ZigBee无线抄表网络测量方法，在有新的采集节点增加时，测试网络需要另外增加硬件、改编软件等工作。目前在进行干扰测试时，往往采用另外设置干扰源的方法实现，增加成本、费时费力。丢包率、误码率等测试方面，在测试算法上研究较多，在操作层面的软件界面上研究较少。本测试方法可以用于由ZigBee组成的远程电表、水表、气表、热表等抄表网络的性能测试。The communication mode between the collection node and the concentrator of the ZigBee remote wireless meter reading system is wireless communication. In a wireless communication system, the measurement result of channel link quality is an important basis for judging system performance. Link quality includes the remaining energy of a single collection node, transmission delay, packet loss rate, bit error rate, anti-interference ability, etc., as well as parameters such as the topology of the entire network. The existing non-ZigBee wireless meter reading network measurement methods have low technical content, basically use single-point testing, and cannot test the topology at the system level. In the existing non-ZigBee wireless meter reading network measurement method, when new collection nodes are added, the test network needs to add additional hardware and adapt software. Currently, interference testing is often implemented by setting additional interference sources, which increases costs and consumes time and effort. In terms of packet loss rate, bit error rate and other tests, more research has been done on the test algorithm, and less research has been done on the software interface at the operation level. This test method can be used for performance testing of remote meter reading networks such as electric meters, water meters, gas meters, and heat meters composed of ZigBee.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是，克服以上现有技术的不足，提供一种技术含量高、信息含量大，扩展性强，操作时刻任意的ZigBee远程无线传感器网络测试方法，实现远程无线传感器网络性能的定期、不定期的检测。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art above, to provide a ZigBee remote wireless sensor network testing method with high technical content, large information content, strong scalability, and arbitrary operation time, so as to realize the performance of remote wireless sensor network Regular and irregular testing.
本发明的技术方案提供The technical scheme of the present invention provides
一种基于ZigBee的远程无线抄表系统的性能检测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A performance detection method of a remote wireless meter reading system based on ZigBee, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1.0、提供主控单元、集中器和采集节点；S1.0, providing main control unit, concentrator and collection node;
S1.1、主控单元向集中器发出检测命令；S1.1. The main control unit sends a detection command to the concentrator;
S1.2、集中器根据检测命令将相应的检测命令发送给对应采集节点；S1.2. The concentrator sends the corresponding detection command to the corresponding collection node according to the detection command;
S1.3、采集节点根据检测命令抄表，并将抄表结果以及检测命令反馈给集中器；S1.3. The collection node reads the meter according to the detection command, and feeds back the meter reading result and the detection command to the concentrator;
S1.4、集中器将原始检测命令以及采集节点反馈回来的检测命令进行比对，计算抄表结果的丢包率和误码率；S1.4, the concentrator compares the original detection command and the detection command fed back by the collection node, and calculates the packet loss rate and bit error rate of the meter reading result;
S1.5、集中器将抄表结果发送给主控单元。S1.5. The concentrator sends the meter reading result to the main control unit.
作为优选的，在步骤S1.5后，经自由设定的自动抄表间隔时间后，返回步 骤S1.1，开始新一轮抄表。As preferably, after step S1.5, after the automatic meter reading interval time set freely, return to step S1.1, start a new round of meter reading.
作为优选的，在步骤S1.4中，还包括：As preferably, in step S1.4, also include:
抄表结果的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，主控单元控制告警单元发出抄表结果丢包率和/或误码率过高告警。When the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the main control unit controls the alarm unit to issue an alarm for the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result being too high.
作为优选的于，还包括：在新增抄表用户时，采集节点自主搜寻集中器，完成通信的匹配。Preferably, the method further includes: when a new meter reading user is added, the collection node autonomously searches for the concentrator to complete communication matching.
作为优选的，在步骤S1.5中，抄表结果还被存储在集中器中。Preferably, in step S1.5, the meter reading result is also stored in the concentrator.
作为优选的，在步骤S1.3之前，还包括：As preferably, before step S1.3, also include:
采集节点接收到检测命令后，对采集节点当前状态进行判断；After the collection node receives the detection command, it judges the current state of the collection node;
若采集节点处于空闲状态，则进入步骤S1.3；If the collection node is in an idle state, proceed to step S1.3;
若采集节点处于忙碌状态，采集节点挂起检测命令，待采集节点进入空闲状态时，进入步骤S1.3。If the collection node is in a busy state, the collection node suspends the detection command, and when the collection node enters an idle state, enter step S1.3.
作为优选的，在步骤S1.1到S1.5的过程中，人为操作主控单元控制集中器和采集节点启动抗干扰性能测试过程；Preferably, in the process of steps S1.1 to S1.5, the main control unit is manually operated to control the concentrator and the collection node to start the anti-interference performance test process;
抗干扰性能测试过程包括以下步骤：The anti-interference performance test process includes the following steps:
S2.1、主控单元发送干扰测试命令给集中器；S2.1. The main control unit sends an interference test command to the concentrator;
S2.2、集中器将干扰测试命令发送给待测采集节点和相邻采集节点；S2.2. The concentrator sends the interference test command to the collection node to be tested and adjacent collection nodes;
S2.3、在相同频道上同时给集中器发送信号，其中待测采集节点发送测试数据信号，相邻采集节点发送干扰信号；S2.3. Send signals to the concentrator on the same channel at the same time, wherein the collection node to be tested sends a test data signal, and the adjacent collection node sends an interference signal;
S2.4、集中器对比接收的测试信号，计算有干扰信号时的丢包率和误码率，并将有信号干扰时的丢包率和误码率反馈给主控单元。S2.4. The concentrator compares the received test signals, calculates the packet loss rate and bit error rate when there is interference signal, and feeds back the packet loss rate and bit error rate when there is signal interference to the main control unit.
作为优选的，有信号干扰时的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，主控单元控制告警单元发出干扰丢包和/或误码严重告警。Preferably, when the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate when there is signal interference is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the main control unit controls the alarm unit to issue a serious alarm of interference packet loss and/or bit error.
作为优选的，集中器和主控单元之间通过无线通信网络通信。Preferably, the concentrator and the main control unit communicate through a wireless communication network.
本发明还提供了一种基于ZigBee的远程无线抄表系统，包括主控单元、集中器、采集节点、告警组件；The present invention also provides a ZigBee-based remote wireless meter reading system, including a main control unit, a concentrator, a collection node, and an alarm assembly;
主控单元与告警组件相连接；集中器分别与主控单元、采集节点无线连接；The main control unit is connected with the alarm component; the concentrator is respectively connected with the main control unit and the collection node wirelessly;
主控单元用于：The main control unit is used for:
向集中器发送检测命令；Send a detection command to the concentrator;
向集中器发送干扰测试命令；Send an interference test command to the concentrator;
当抄表结果的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，控制告警单元发出抄表结果丢包率和/或误码率过高告警；When the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the control alarm unit sends an alarm for the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result being too high;
当有信号干扰时的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，控制告警单元发出干扰丢包和/或误码严重告警；When the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate when there is signal interference is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the control alarm unit sends out a serious alarm for interference packet loss and/or bit error;
集中器用于：Concentrators are used to:
根据检测命令或干扰测试命令向采集节点发送检测命令或干扰测试命令；Send a detection command or an interference test command to the collection node according to the detection command or the interference test command;
接收到来自采集节点的检测结果以及检测命令或干扰测试命令反馈，并根据反馈的检测命令或干扰测试命令以及原始检测命令或干扰测试命令计算误码率和/或丢包率；Receive the detection result and the detection command or interference test command feedback from the collection node, and calculate the bit error rate and/or packet loss rate according to the feedback detection command or interference test command and the original detection command or interference test command;
反馈检测结果以及误码率和/或丢包率给主控单元；Feedback detection results and bit error rate and/or packet loss rate to the main control unit;
采集节点用于：Collection nodes are used to:
根据检测命令抄表，并将抄表结果和检测命令反馈给集中器；Read the meter according to the detection order, and feed back the meter reading result and detection order to the concentrator;
根据干扰测试命令在同一通道向集中器发送测试数据或干扰信号。Send test data or interference signals to the concentrator on the same channel according to the interference test command.
本发明提供的基于ZigBee的远程无线抄表系统的性能检测方法，除了正常地对电表、水表等进行抄表外，能够对采集到的数据准确度进行评估，还能够通过自检程序检测高干扰状态下的运作状况，确保精确地采集数据。The performance detection method of the ZigBee-based remote wireless meter reading system provided by the present invention can evaluate the accuracy of the collected data in addition to the normal meter reading of electric meters and water meters, and can also detect high interference through a self-test program. The operating conditions in the state ensure accurate data collection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明一实施例的性能测试流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a performance test of an embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明一实施例的干扰测试流程图。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an interference test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施方式提供了一种基于ZigBee的远程无线抄表系统的性能检测方法，包括以下步骤：For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of performance detection method of the remote wireless meter reading system based on ZigBee, comprises the following steps:
S1.0、提供主控单元、集中器和采集节点；S1.0, providing main control unit, concentrator and collection node;
S1.1、主控单元向集中器发出检测命令；S1.1. The main control unit sends a detection command to the concentrator;
S1.2、集中器根据检测命令将相应的检测命令发送给对应采集节点；S1.2. The concentrator sends the corresponding detection command to the corresponding collection node according to the detection command;
S1.3、采集节点根据检测命令抄表，并将抄表结果以及检测命令反馈给集中器；S1.3. The collection node reads the meter according to the detection command, and feeds back the meter reading result and the detection command to the concentrator;
S1.4、集中器将原始检测命令以及采集节点反馈回来的检测命令进行比对，计算抄表结果的丢包率和误码率；S1.4, the concentrator compares the original detection command and the detection command fed back by the collection node, and calculates the packet loss rate and bit error rate of the meter reading result;
S1.5、集中器将抄表结果发送给主控单元。S1.5. The concentrator sends the meter reading result to the main control unit.
在本实施例中，本测试方法的主控单元是集抄中心的计算机，由测试人员点击集抄中心的计算机上层数据管理软件界面发起测试命令，最终的测试结果呈现在集抄中心的计算机测试平台界面上。该方法基于采用ZigBee的采集节点和集中器，无需另外增加测试硬件，完全依靠软件平台测试。In this embodiment, the main control unit of this test method is the computer of the centralized copying center, and the tester clicks on the computer upper layer data management software interface of the centralized copying center to initiate a test command, and the final test result is presented in the computer test of the centralized copying center. on the platform interface. This method is based on the collection node and concentrator using ZigBee, without additional test hardware, and relies entirely on software platform testing.
抄表系统完成经传感器和计量器处理后的日冻结、月冻结数据的主动抄表或被动抄表。主动抄表即采集节点定时向集中器传送数据，被动抄表即采集节 点接收到集中器发来的抄表命令后再向集中器发送数据。抄表系统并非全天候24小时传送数据，故可采取打扰模式，由测试软件接到测试命令后，自行判断被测节点或被测系统是忙碌还是空闲。在空闲时向下发出运行测试指令。The meter reading system completes active meter reading or passive meter reading of daily frozen and monthly frozen data processed by sensors and meters. Active meter reading means that the collection node regularly transmits data to the concentrator, and passive meter reading means that the collection node receives the meter reading command from the concentrator and then sends data to the concentrator. The meter reading system does not transmit data 24 hours a day, so it can adopt the interrupt mode. After receiving the test command, the test software can judge whether the node or system under test is busy or idle. Issue a run test command down at idle.
当有新的抄表户加入时，无需更新现有测试软件，原有测试软件自行捕捉到新节点，并将其加入测试网络，形成新的拓扑结构。具体方法是，新抄表户的采集节点向周围无线广播以获得周围采集节点和集中器的标志信息，若捕捉到集中器的标志信息后，新采集节点和集中器立马自行组织，与原有采集节点一起形成新网络。When a new meter reader joins, there is no need to update the existing test software. The original test software captures the new node by itself and adds it to the test network to form a new topology. The specific method is that the collection nodes of the new meter reading household broadcast wirelessly to the surroundings to obtain the logo information of the surrounding collection nodes and concentrators. Collecting nodes together form a new network.
软件测试代码存储于采集节点的存储器中，当采集节点接收到集抄中心经集中器向采集节点发出的测试指令后，由ZigBee采集节点的微控制器运行相应的软件测试代码，生成多组测试数据，经无线链路传输至集中器。The software test code is stored in the memory of the collection node. When the collection node receives the test instruction sent by the collection center to the collection node through the concentrator, the microcontroller of the ZigBee collection node runs the corresponding software test code to generate multiple sets of test codes. The data is transmitted to the concentrator via the wireless link.
数据集中器具有存储功能和计算功能，将接收到的编码序列和预置于集中器的测试代码序列(与采集节点产生的测试代码一致)进行比较，计算出丢包率和误码率，以及通过计时功能计算传输延迟。并将计算结果存储。The data concentrator has a storage function and a calculation function, compares the received coding sequence with the test code sequence (consistent with the test code generated by the collection node) preset in the concentrator, calculates the packet loss rate and bit error rate, and Calculate transmission delay with timing function. and store the calculation results.
丢包率＝(采集节点发出的测试码数量-集中器接收到的序列码数量)/采集节点发出的测试码数量×100％Packet loss rate = (the number of test codes sent by the collection node - the number of serial codes received by the concentrator) / the number of test codes sent by the collection node × 100%
误码率＝(接收到的序列码与预置测试代码不一样的数量)/预置测试代码的数量×100％Bit error rate = (number of received sequence codes different from preset test codes)/number of preset test codes × 100%
传输时间指采集节点发出的测试码到集中器接收到序列码之间的时间间隔。Transmission time refers to the time interval between the test code sent by the collection node and the serial code received by the concentrator.
在检测完成之后，集中器会将丢包率、误码率以及传输时间反馈给集抄中心的计算机，计算机会将丢包率、误码率以及传输时间与计算机内存有的预设值比对，如果丢包率、误码率以及传输时间大于该预设值，计算机会控制告警系统触发对应告警，在本实施例中，计算机直接在显示屏上显示出告警结果。After the detection is completed, the concentrator will feed back the packet loss rate, bit error rate and transmission time to the computer in the collection center, and the computer will compare the packet loss rate, bit error rate and transmission time with the preset values in the computer memory , if the packet loss rate, bit error rate and transmission time are greater than the preset value, the computer will control the alarm system to trigger a corresponding alarm. In this embodiment, the computer directly displays the alarm result on the display screen.
在本实施例中，在步骤S1.1到S1.5的过程中，人为操作主控单元控制集中器和采集节点启动抗干扰性能测试过程；In this embodiment, in the process of steps S1.1 to S1.5, the main control unit is manually operated to control the concentrator and the collection node to start the anti-interference performance test process;
抗干扰性能测试过程包括以下步骤：The anti-interference performance test process includes the following steps:
S2.1、主控单元发送干扰测试命令给集中器；S2.1. The main control unit sends an interference test command to the concentrator;
S2.2、集中器将干扰测试命令发送给待测采集节点和相邻采集节点；S2.2. The concentrator sends the interference test command to the collection node to be tested and adjacent collection nodes;
S2.3、在相同频道上同时给集中器发送信号，其中待测采集节点发送测试数据信号，相邻采集节点发送干扰信号；S2.3. Send signals to the concentrator on the same channel at the same time, wherein the collection node to be tested sends a test data signal, and the adjacent collection node sends an interference signal;
S2.4、集中器对比接收的测试信号，计算有干扰信号时的丢包率和误码率，并将有信号干扰时的丢包率和误码率反馈给主控单元。S2.4. The concentrator compares the received test signals, calculates the packet loss rate and bit error rate when there is interference signal, and feeds back the packet loss rate and bit error rate when there is signal interference to the main control unit.
如上述步骤所述，在检测完成之后，集中器会将干扰测试过程中的丢包率、误码率以及传输时间反馈给集抄中心的计算机，计算机会将丢包率、误码率以 及传输时间与计算机内存有的预设值比对，如果丢包率、误码率以及传输时间大于该预设值，计算机会控制告警系统触发对应告警，在本实施例中，计算机直接在显示屏上显示出告警结果。As described in the above steps, after the detection is completed, the concentrator will feed back the packet loss rate, bit error rate, and transmission time during the interference test to the computer in the centralized copying center, and the computer will report the packet loss rate, bit error rate, and transmission time. The time is compared with the preset value in the computer memory. If the packet loss rate, bit error rate and transmission time are greater than the preset value, the computer will control the alarm system to trigger the corresponding alarm. In this embodiment, the computer directly displays the The alarm result is displayed.
集中器将测试结果(包括网络拓扑结构、传输延迟、丢包率、误码率、抗干扰能力等数据)通过GPRS、GSM、CDMA等无线通信方式至集抄中心，在集抄中心的计算机上，由上层数据管理软件提供了基于PC机的应用平台，最终实现在PC机界面上以文本或图文形式展示无线传感网络性能测试结果，包括单点测试和系统整体测试结果，即对单个计量仪表的测试及整个网络内所有计量仪表的测试。The concentrator sends the test results (including network topology, transmission delay, packet loss rate, bit error rate, anti-interference ability and other data) to the centralized copying center through GPRS, GSM, CDMA and other wireless communication methods, and the computer in the centralized copying center , the upper-level data management software provides a PC-based application platform, and finally realizes the display of wireless sensor network performance test results in the form of text or graphics on the PC interface, including single-point test and overall system test results, that is, for a single Testing of metering instruments and testing of all metering instruments in the entire network.
需要说明的是，如果是对基于ZigBee的电能表无线抄表系统性能的测试，则无需测量节点剩余能量。如果是对基于ZigBee的水表、气表、热表等仪表无线抄表系统性能的测量，则还可以增加节点剩余能量测试项目。It should be noted that if it is a test of the performance of the ZigBee-based wireless meter reading system for electric energy meters, there is no need to measure the remaining energy of the nodes. If it is to measure the performance of ZigBee-based wireless meter reading systems such as water meters, gas meters, and heat meters, you can also add node residual energy test items.
为了实现上述方法，本发明还提供了一种基于ZigBee的远程无线抄表系统，包括主控单元、集中器、采集器、告警组件；In order to realize the above method, the present invention also provides a ZigBee-based remote wireless meter reading system, including a main control unit, a concentrator, a collector, and an alarm assembly;
主控单元与告警组件相连接；集中器分别与主控单元、采集器无线连接；The main control unit is connected with the alarm component; the concentrator is respectively connected with the main control unit and the collector wirelessly;
主控单元用于：The main control unit is used for:
向集中器发送检测命令；Send a detection command to the concentrator;
向集中器发送干扰测试命令；Send an interference test command to the concentrator;
当抄表结果的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，控制告警单元发出抄表结果丢包率和/或误码率过高告警；When the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the control alarm unit sends an alarm for the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate of the meter reading result being too high;
当有信号干扰时的丢包率和/或误码率大于主控单元中的预设值时，控制告警单元发出干扰丢包和/或误码严重告警；When the packet loss rate and/or bit error rate when there is signal interference is greater than the preset value in the main control unit, the control alarm unit sends out a serious alarm for interference packet loss and/or bit error;
集中器用于：Concentrators are used to:
根据检测命令或干扰测试命令向采集器发送检测命令或干扰测试命令；Send a detection command or an interference test command to the collector according to the detection command or the interference test command;
接收到来自采集器的检测结果以及检测命令或干扰测试命令反馈，并根据反馈的检测命令或干扰测试命令以及原始检测命令或干扰测试命令计算误码率和/或丢包率；Receive the detection result and the detection command or interference test command feedback from the collector, and calculate the bit error rate and/or packet loss rate according to the feedback detection command or interference test command and the original detection command or interference test command;
反馈检测结果以及误码率和/或丢包率给主控单元；Feedback detection results and bit error rate and/or packet loss rate to the main control unit;
采集器用于：Collectors are used to:
根据检测命令抄表，并将抄表结果和检测命令反馈给集中器；Read the meter according to the detection order, and feed back the meter reading result and detection order to the concentrator;
根据干扰测试命令在同一通道向集中器发送测试数据或干扰信号。Send test data or interference signals to the concentrator on the same channel according to the interference test command.
上述各实施方式是实现本发明的具体实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。The above-mentioned implementation modes are specific examples for realizing the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand that in practical applications, various changes can be made to it in form and details without departing from the spirit and spirit of the present invention. scope.
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