CN105352845A - Steady state principle-based soil air permeability in-situ measurement method - Google Patents
Steady state principle-based soil air permeability in-situ measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105352845A CN105352845A CN201510798205.3A CN201510798205A CN105352845A CN 105352845 A CN105352845 A CN 105352845A CN 201510798205 A CN201510798205 A CN 201510798205A CN 105352845 A CN105352845 A CN 105352845A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a steady state principle-based soil air permeability in-situ measurement method, which is characterized in that: by introducing of a low permeability additional reference sample with a known air permeability rate, air flow can be greatly reduced under the same air supply pressure, field soil air permeability measurement efficiency can be effectively improved, according to the basic theory of soil air transition and the principle of pressure conservation, a soil air permeability calculation model based on the air rate permeability rate of the low permeability additional reference sample can be obtained, and a solid theoretical foundation for application of the method can be established.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to soil physics field, specifically a kind of soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle.
Background technology:
Soil moment and the external exchange carrying out energy and material, soil inner air is also ceaselessly moving, and constantly and ambient atmosphere exchanging.Soil gas conductivity refers to the amount of gas that on per area per time, soil passes through, and is the comprehensive influence index of reflect soil characteristic to soil air renewal rate.Because air and moisture are present in soil aperture jointly, the change of soil moisture must cause the change of soil air content, therefore perviousness close relation between soil air and water, can obtain given saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity relevant information indirectly by the mensuration of gas conductivity.Consider that the measurement of soil gas conductivity saves time than the measurement of hydraulic conductivity, laborsaving and minimum to soil texture disturbance, particularly in the field soil hydraulic characteristic research needing large-scale data to measure, the hydraulic parameters method for solving based on soil gas conductivity has clear superiority.
Soil air comes from air, is the important component part of soil, is present in soil aperture, and constantly moves in soil aperture, carries out gas exchanges with air simultaneously.Soil air to budding, emerge, the later stage grows up has important effect with ripe and the conversion of crop to Nutrient Absorption and various nutriment or even play conclusive effect.Activity, the physics and chemistry process of the microorganism simultaneously in soil have soil air regime directly relevant.When soil air regime is good, in soil, aerobian activity and fertility strengthen, and decomposition of soil organic matter is rapid and thoroughly, mineralization obvious quickening, is conducive to crop to nutrient uptake and utilization.Otherwise when soil air regime is bad, in soil, various favourable microbial activities is suppressed, organic matter decomposition is slowly and thorough, is unfavorable for that crop is to Nutrient Absorption, affects plant growth, finally causes crop failure.Therefore, soil air regime is of crucial importance to agricultural production, is one of key factor affecting soil fertility.
Chinese scholars proposes different soil gas conductivity rating models and method.Steady state method and the large class of Transient Method two can be divided into according to model plenum system difference; Different according to gas motion boundary condition in measuring process, be divided into the three-dimensional two kinds of forms of a peacekeeping.One dimension measures mode and is generally the measurement of disturbed soil gas conductivity, measures loading after soil sample process to be measured into earth pillar pipe; Three-dimensional measurement mode is generally undisturbed soil gas conductivity and measures, and is inserted in soil sample to be measured by surveying instrument and measures.One peacekeeping three-dimensional measurement mode combines with stable state, Transient Method again usually, claims one dimension or three-dimensional steady state method, one dimension or Three dimensional transient method.Conventional soil gas conductivity measuring method mostly is steady state method, and the method is continuously applied stable air pressure in one end of the research soil body, then measures the air quantity by the soil body, draws soil gas conductivity according to soil air convection equation.Steady state method measuring technique is ripe, needs the relevant devices such as compressor to provide stable air pressure during test, and with the air quantity of the apparatus measures such as flowmeter by soil, testing equipment complex and expensive.Transient measurement method refers to by recording the change of tested soil sample sealed end Pressure behaviour, obtains soil sample sealed end pressure relation over time, calculates soil gas conductivity according to correlation model.The advantage of transient model is the air mass flow without the need to measuring by soil sample, and the required supply gas pressure of test is little, little to soil sample disturbance, but calculates slightly aobvious complicated.
The puzzlement of the problem of some reality can be subject in soil gas conductivity field survey, when being such as used in steady state method, owing to being subject to accumulator electric-quantity or compressor displacement quantitative limitation, particularly when measuring good air permeability soil, during each measurement, gas consumption is very large, must to equipment charging repeatedly, very inconvenient, the sampling point Limited Number measured in unit interval, causes measuring efficiency and has a greatly reduced quality.How improving measurement efficiency is a gordian technique difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily in soil gas conductivity field survey.
The object of the invention is the deficiency overcoming prior art, and a kind of soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle is provided; There is provided a kind of based on the soil gas conductivity computation model with reference to sample gas conductivity simultaneously; Mainly solve existing method and measure inefficient problem.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle, adopt as lower device, this device comprises air supply source, described air supply source connects left wireway by left soft air-guide pipe, left wireway and right wireway are connected through rubber stopper and survey cylinder, right wireway is by right soft air-guide pipe Bonding pressure meter, and rubber stopper is tightly connected with survey cylinder; Its special character is, measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) be D(m by internal diameter) survey cylinder be vertically driven into the certain degree of depth L of position to be measured soil surface
2m () place, smears paraffin or vaseline at survey tube outer surface, prevent from surveying between cylinder and soil and leak gas;
(2) be D (m) by diameter, highly for L
1m (), gas conductivity are K
a1(m
2) low-permeability be positioned over reference to sample and survey in cylinder on soil, smear paraffin or vaseline at survey cylinder inwall, prevent from surveying cylinder and low-permeability leaks gas with reference between sample;
(3) utilize air supply source to survey cylinder air feed, stablize straight Q (m when gas supply flow reaches a certain
3/ s) time, record corresponding survey cylinder pressure value △ P (pa) and stop air feed, this position soil gas conductivity measuring process terminates;
(4) model is utilized to calculate the gas conductivity K of tested soil
a2(m
2):
；
In above formula, A represents that diameter is the cross-sectional area m of the survey cylinder of D
2;
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
; G be with
relevant shape coefficient
; Q, D, △ P, L
1, L
2the same step of implication (1) (2) (3);
(5) change to next measurement point, repeat step (1) (2) (3) (4).
Further, the gas conductivity K of the tested soil of described calculating
a2model be soil gas conductivity in site measurement model based on steady principle:
The gas conductivity that known low-permeability adds with reference to sample is K
a1if the gas conductivity of tested soil is K
a2, when gas supply flow reaches stability number Q (m
3/ s) time, corresponding survey cylinder inner air pressure value is △ P (pa), if now low-permeability adds the air pressure difference with reference to sample upper and lower surface is △ P
1, acting on and surveying the pressure of tested soil upper surface and the difference of ambient atmosphere pressure in cylinder is △ P
2, can obtain according to stable state gas conductivity transmission theory:
Q, D, L in formula (1) (2)
1, L
2implication the same;
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
;
In formula (2) G be with
relevant shape coefficient
Can be obtained by formula (1) (2):
Consider
Then
Enter formula (2) for formula (6) to obtain:
.
Compared with the prior art a kind of soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle of the present invention has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement: by introducing the low-permeability of known gas conductivity with reference to sample, the flow of gas effectively can be reduced under same supply gas pressure, thus the gas consumption greatly reduced in soil gas conductivity measuring process, significantly increase the object measuring number of samples under reaching same gas consumption condition, thus effectively improve the measurement efficiency of field soil gas conductivity; Basic theories is passed to according to soil air, to soil to be measured and low-permeability reference sample on the basis of decomposing applied pressure, one-dimensional stable and three-dimensional steady state air guide theory is utilized to solve respectively, obtain based on the soil gas conductivity computation model with reference to sample gas conductivity according to pressure conservation principle, solid theoretical foundation has been established in the application for this method.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is measurement device connection diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
In order to Comprehension and Implementation better, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples only for explaining the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, see Fig. 1, selects suitable air compressor 1 as air supply source according to designing requirement, air compressor 1 is installed compressor charge switch 2, gas bomb pressure indicator 3, gas storage valve 4, reduction valve 5 and gas meter 6; The gas bomb of air compressor 1 is connected left wireway 8 by left soft air-guide pipe, left wireway 8 and right wireway 7 are connected through rubber stopper 9 and survey cylinder 10, by right wireway 7 by right soft air-guide pipe Bonding pressure meter 11, pressure gauge 11 is U-tube pressure gauge, and rubber stopper 9 is tightly connected with survey cylinder 10;
Adopt said apparatus, the soil gas conductivity in site measurement model based on steady principle is:
Known low-permeability is K with reference to the gas conductivity of sample
a1if the gas conductivity of soil to be measured is K
a2if low-permeability is △ P with reference to the atmospheric pressure difference of sample upper and lower surface
1, acting on and surveying the pressure of soil surface and the difference of ambient atmosphere pressure in cylinder is △ P
2, can obtain according to stable state gas conductivity transmission theory:
Q, D, L in formula (1) (2)
1, L
2the same step of implication (1) (2) (3);
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
;
In formula (2) G be with
relevant shape coefficient
Can be obtained by formula (1) (2):
Consider
Then
Enter formula (2) for formula (6) to obtain:
;
Adopt said apparatus and the soil gas conductivity in site measurement model based on steady principle, the soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle is as follows:
Be D(m by internal diameter) survey cylinder 7 be vertically driven into the certain degree of depth L of position to be measured soil surface
2m () place, smears paraffin or vaseline at survey cylinder 7 outside surface, prevent from surveying between cylinder 7 and soil and leak gas; Be D (m) by diameter, highly for L
1m (), gas conductivity are K
a1(m
2) low-permeability 7 be positioned over reference to sample 12 and survey in cylinder 7 on soil, smear paraffin or vaseline at survey cylinder 7 inwall, prevent from surveying cylinder 7 and low-permeability 7 leaks gas with reference between sample; Utilize air supply source to survey cylinder air feed, stablize straight Q (m when gas supply flow reaches a certain
3/ s) time, record force value △ P (pa) in corresponding survey cylinder 7 and stop air feed, this position soil gas conductivity measuring process terminates; Model is utilized to calculate the gas conductivity K of tested soil
a2(m
2):
;
In above formula, A represents that diameter is the cross-sectional area m that the low-permeability of D adds with reference to sample
2;
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
; G be with
relevant shape coefficient
; Q, D, △ P, L
1, L
2implication the same; ) change to next measurement point, repeat above-mentioned steps.
Claims (2)
1. the soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle, adopt as lower device, this device comprises air supply source, described air supply source connects left wireway (8) by left soft air-guide pipe, left wireway (8) and right wireway (7) are connected through rubber stopper (9) and survey cylinder (10), right wireway (7) is by right soft air-guide pipe Bonding pressure meter (11), and rubber stopper (9) is tightly connected with survey cylinder (10); It is characterized in that, measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) be D(m by internal diameter) survey cylinder (7) be vertically driven into the certain degree of depth L of position to be measured soil surface
2m () place, smears paraffin or vaseline at survey cylinder (7) outside surface, prevent from surveying between cylinder (7) and soil and leak gas;
(2) be D (m) by diameter, highly for L
1m (), gas conductivity are K
a1(m
2) low-permeability be positioned over reference to sample (12) and survey on cylinder (7) interior soil, smear paraffin or vaseline at survey cylinder (7) inwall, prevent from surveying between cylinder (7) and low-permeability reference sample (12) and leak gas;
(3) utilize air supply source to survey cylinder (7) air feed, stablize straight Q (m when gas supply flow reaches a certain
3/ s) time, record corresponding survey cylinder (7) inner air pressure value △ P (pa) and stop air feed, this position soil gas conductivity measuring process terminates;
(4) the gas conductivity K calculating tested soil with drag is utilized
a2(m
2):
；
In above formula, A represents that diameter is the cross-sectional area m of the survey cylinder of D
2;
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
; G be with
relevant shape coefficient
; Q, D, △ P, L
1, L
2the same step of implication (1) (2) (3);
(5) change to next measurement point, repeat step (1) (2) (3) (4).
2. a kind of soil gas conductivity in-situ measuring method based on steady principle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tested soil gas conductivity K of described calculating
a2model be soil gas conductivity In situ FTIRS model based on steady principle:
The gas conductivity that known low-permeability adds with reference to sample is K
a1if the gas conductivity of tested soil is K
a2, when gas supply flow reaches stability number Q (m
3/ s) time, corresponding survey cylinder inner air pressure value is △ P (pa), if now low-permeability adds the air pressure difference with reference to sample upper and lower surface is △ P
1, acting on and surveying the pressure of tested soil upper surface and the difference of ambient atmosphere pressure in cylinder is △ P
2, can obtain according to stable state gas conductivity transmission theory:
Q, D, L in formula (1) (2)
1, L
2implication with step in claim 1 (1) (2) (3);
it is for the air coefficient of viscosity, relevant with residing environment temperature T,
;
In formula (2) G be with
relevant shape coefficient
Can be obtained by formula (1) (2):
Consider
Then
Enter formula (2) for formula (6) to obtain:
.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107655806A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-02 | 杨凌职业技术学院 | Soil gas conductivity assay method after a kind of underground drip irrigation is poured water |
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| EP0577300A2 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-01-05 | Halliburton Company | Low permeability subterranean formation testing method |
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| CN102680352A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | Transient state measurement system and method for air guide rate of frozen soil |
| CN102680351A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | Steady-state measurement system and method for air guide rate of frozen soil |
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2015
- 2015-11-19 CN CN201510798205.3A patent/CN105352845B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0577300A2 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-01-05 | Halliburton Company | Low permeability subterranean formation testing method |
| EP0577300A3 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-04-06 | Halliburton Co | |
| US20020178790A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2002-12-05 | Burt Swersey | Differential permeometer |
| CN102323180A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-01-18 | 张振华 | Method for measuring instantaneous three-dimensional soil air permeability and measuring device |
| CN102680352A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | Transient state measurement system and method for air guide rate of frozen soil |
| CN102680351A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | Steady-state measurement system and method for air guide rate of frozen soil |
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| 李陆生: "土壤导气率测量方法与计算模型研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库信息科技辑》 * |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107655806A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-02 | 杨凌职业技术学院 | Soil gas conductivity assay method after a kind of underground drip irrigation is poured water |
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Inventor after: Zhang Zhenhua Inventor after: Li Jiusheng Inventor after: Yu Junbao Inventor after: Yang Runya Inventor after: Zhu Jinjin Inventor before: Zhang Zhenhua Inventor before: Yang Runya |
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Effective date of registration: 20171208 Address after: 264025 Hongqi Road, Zhifu District, Shandong, China, No. 186, No. Applicant after: Ludong University Address before: 264025 School of geography and planning, Ludong University, 186 Hongqi Road, Zhifu District, Shandong, Yantai Applicant before: Zhang Zhenhua |
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