CN105352484A

CN105352484A - Method for analyzing and calculating single photo of terrestrial photography

Info

Publication number: CN105352484A
Application number: CN201510653656.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯仲科; 闫飞凡
Original assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Current assignee: Guizhou space-time billion Map Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2015-10-12
Filing date: 2015-10-12
Publication date: 2016-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-12
Also published as: CN105352484B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for analyzing and calculating a single photo of terrestrial photography. According to the method, a total station and a fixed-focus CCD lens are cooperatively used for shooting a single photo by using a horizontal photographic manner; the photo should include known conditions used for resolving the photo; a system of simultaneous equations is obtained on the basis of the known conditions and photogrammetric principles and formulas, so the purpose of resolving a point of object space in the photo is achieved. The method realizes photo analysis through one single photo of terrestrial photography, so field investigation is simplified, and field operation efficiency and investigation precision are improved.

Description

A kind of ground photography list is as the method for analytical Calculation

One, technical field

The present invention relates to method, the particularly total powerstation method in conjunction with CCD camera lens terrestrial photogrammetry photo analysis of a kind of ground monolithic photography analytical Calculation.

Two, technical background

Up to the present, artificial observation in person is in most cases all needed in Forestry Investigation, this just needs more man power and material, the bothersome effort of the observation artificial when forest inventory investigation, efficiency is not very high, also need manually to have gone for hazard region, this brings very large risk to work on forestry.Photogrammetric application on forestry contributes to the workload and the difficulty that reduce field operation, increases efficiency and the precision of Forestry Investigation.

Three, summary of the invention

Be the risk of carrying out Forestry Investigation to change existing people, the shortcoming to waste time and energy etc., the object of the invention is to overcome the impact such as terrain, weather conditions, thus makes field operation measure investigation work high-level efficiency, high-qualityly completes.Coordinate CCD camera lens to carry out ground photography monolithic analytic technique by total powerstation and improve efficiency in field operation measuring process.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

Use total powerstation to combine and focus CCD camera lens, adopt the mode of horizontal photograph to photograph to Target scalar, obtain single-sheet photo; The focal distance f of CCD camera lens is known, picture point be u as planimetric coordinates _i, v ₁, the object coordinates of corresponding object point is X _i, Y _i, Z _i, according to collinearity condition equation, obtain the relational expression between picpointed coordinate and object point coordinate again according to known condition simultaneous equations, solve known variables, and then resolve X in photograph _i, Y _i, Z _ithe coordinate of object space point.

This invention has the following advantages:

1. improve work efficiency and the precision of field operation forestry survey;

2. the multiple environment overcoming field investigation hinders problem;

3. the economic input of field study is reduced;

4. the mode of field investigation is simplified;

Four, embodiment:

Total powerstation is different from existing measuring technique in conjunction with the ground monolithic photogrammetric technology of CCD camera lens, specifically:

1. under any topographic condition, use Geoplane to determine horizontal plane in photographing region, the laser of Geoplane presents the state crossing with atural object on photography photo, and intersection point is all on the surface level of sustained height; Certain point is H apart from the true altitude that the vertical range putting down plane is H or certain vertical atural object known in known photography photo, now with simultaneous can obtain system of equations thus the Y-coordinate of object point can be solved again Y value is substituted into relational expression 1. in, the X-coordinate solving object point is the Z coordinate of object point is

2., under nearly horizontal topographic condition, adopt horizontal photograph mode, if the length of known certain section of object horizontal direction is Δ D in photography photograph, now with simultaneous can obtain system of equations

\{\begin{matrix} X_{i + 1} = \frac{Y_{i}}{f} u_{i + 1} \\ X_{i} = \frac{Y_{i}}{f} u_{i} \\ X_{i + 1} - X_{i} = Δ D \end{matrix}

Solve again Y value is substituted into relational expression 1. in, the X-coordinate solving object point is the Z coordinate of object point is

3. by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line.Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, total powerstation is used to measure two unique point coordinate (X of any spatial dimension ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁) and (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph; Space line equation can be obtained according to basic space geometry knowledge again by this formula with the X-coordinate that simultaneous solution goes out object point is the Y-coordinate of object point is

Y_{i} = \frac{Y_{1} (Z_{2} - Z_{1}) - Z_{1} (Y_{2} - Y_{1})}{Z_{2} - Z_{1} - \frac{v_{i} (Y_{2} - Y_{1})}{f}},

The Z coordinate of object point is

Z_{i} = \frac{X_{1} (Z_{2} - Z_{1}) - Z_{1} (X_{2} - X_{1})}{Z_{2} - Z_{1} - \frac{u_{i} (X_{2} - X_{1})}{v_{i}}} .

4. by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line.Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, known exist vertical plane in camera coverage, uses total powerstation to measure the coordinate (X of at least two unique points on this plane ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁) and (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph; Can determine that according to space geometry knowledge the equation of the horizontal projection line of this vertical plane is Y _i=aX _i+ b; Simultaneous can obtain system of equations, the X-coordinate solving object point is the Y-coordinate of object point is y is substituted into relational expression 1. in solve object point Z coordinate be

5. by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line.Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, total powerstation is used to use total powerstation to measure at least three unique point (X to arbitrary space plane ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁), (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂) and (X ₃, Y ₃, Z ₃), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph, suppose that the space plane equation at unique point place is Z _i=aX _i+ bY _i+ c, substituting into three point coordinate can in the hope of plane equation coefficient a, b, c; By plane equation and the X-coordinate that simultaneous can solve object point is the Y-coordinate of object point is the Z coordinate of object point is

Claims

1. ground photography list is as a method for analytical Calculation, it is characterized in that: with the CCD camera lens focused, photograph to object, obtain individual photo; The focal distance f of CCD camera lens is known, picture point be u as planimetric coordinates _i, v _i, the object coordinates of corresponding object point is X _i, Y _i, Z _i, according to collinearity condition equation, obtain relational expression between picpointed coordinate and object point coordinate 1.: .

2. settling Geoplane according to claim 1 in a certain regional center, there is intersection in the laser level plane that Geoplane is launched and surrounding atural object, now, uses CCD camera lens to photograph, makes to comprise this intersection in made a video recording sheet; If the vertical range that now known photo certain some distance interior puts down plane is H, or the true altitude of certain vertical atural object known is H, then 1. obtain system of equations by relational expression solve the Y-coordinate of object point again Y value is substituted into relational expression 1. in, the X-coordinate solving object point is the Z coordinate of object point is .

3. under nearly horizontal topographic condition, use CCD camera lens to photograph according to claim 1, adopt horizontal photograph mode, if the length of known certain section of object horizontal direction is Δ D in photography photograph, then 1. can obtain system of equations according to relational expression solve again Y value is substituted into relational expression 1. in, the X-coordinate solving object point is the Z coordinate of object point is .

4. according to claim 1 by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line; Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, total powerstation is used to measure two unique point coordinate (X of any spatial dimension ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁) and (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph; Space line equation can be obtained according to basic space geometry knowledge by this formula and the relational expression X-coordinate that 1. simultaneous solution goes out object point be again the Y-coordinate of object point is the Z coordinate of object point is .

5. according to claim 1 by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line; Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, known exist vertical plane in camera coverage, uses total powerstation to measure the coordinate (X of at least two unique points on this plane ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁) and (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph; Can determine that according to space geometry knowledge the equation of the horizontal projection line of this vertical plane is Y _i=aX _i+ b; 1. simultaneous relational expression can obtain system of equations, and the X-coordinate solving object point is the Y-coordinate of object point is y is substituted into relational expression 1. in solve object point Z coordinate be.

6. according to claim 1 by known focal length be f focus CCD camera lens and total powerstation combines, the parallel and center of the primary optical axis of both guarantees is on the same line; Under nearly horizontal topographic condition, total powerstation is used to use total powerstation to measure at least three unique point (X to arbitrary space plane ₁, Y ₁, Z ₁), (X ₂, Y ₂, Z ₂) and (X ₃, Y ₃, Z ₃), and use CCD camera lens to carry out horizontal photograph, suppose that the space plane equation at unique point place is Z _i=aX _i+ bY _i+ c, substituting into three point coordinate can in the hope of plane equation coefficient a, b, c; By plane equation and the relational expression X-coordinate that 1. simultaneous can solve object point be the Y-coordinate of object point is the Z coordinate of object point is