Background technology
Along with the increasingly stringent that country controls boiler discharged nitrous oxides, the combustion system technology of the supporting low-NOx combustor of a kind of full burner hearth air classification is widely applied, and defines low NOx cyclone and the DC burner technology of various school.With regard to industrial coal powder boiler and station boiler, effectively reduced in stove for making nitrogen oxide, full burner hearth fractional combustion low NOx drainage technology adopts being supplied to the whole air (oxygen amount) in stove required for coal dust after-flame to be divided into 2 parts, portion of air sprays into burner hearth from lower hearth main burner spout, meets coal dust and to burn in early days required oxygen amount; And another part air is from upper furnace air port (after-flame air port) burner hearth of making a gift to someone, the aerochemistry equivalent proportion in primary zone is made to be less than 1, define the reducing atmosphere of anoxycausis, between primary zone and air port, top (after-flame air port), form reducing atmosphere region, the nitrogen oxide that early stage burning is generated is reduced simultaneously.Simultaneously, now turbulent burner itself also all adopts coal powder light-dark to be separated and air classification wind pushing form mostly, control wind powder on the mixing opportunity of burner internal, form the reducing atmosphere in burner nozzle region, reach the object that burner region reduces nitrogen oxide.As notification number be 203927901U patent discloses the low nitrogen pulverized coal cyclone burner of a kind of XC-LNB, it has First air passage and inside and outside secondary air channel, coal dust classifier is provided with in the exit of the straight length in an air channel, have that efficiency of combustion is high, little, the effective mitigate corrosion of First air passage internal resistance and wear problem, service life of equipment is long, maintenance cost is low advantage, but still have that efficiency of combustion needs to be improved further, low-nitrogen discharged value still needs the problem that reduces further.During by the practical application of above-mentioned low nitrogen coal powder cyclone burner in coal-powder boiler and boiler, find that there are the following problems: after 1, partial air is sent into from the after-flame air port of boiler, the air in main burner region is reduced, occurs that main burner zonal combustion postpones and brings fly ash combustible material higher.2, under prior art, power station and industrial pulverized-coal fired boiler discharged nitrous oxides value higher.For reducing final outlet discharge value, when especially reaching national minimum discharge requirement, the flue gas afterbody denitrating technique (SNCR selected, SCR technique) cost is higher, the negative effect produced back-end surfaces is also comparatively large, as plugging, and heating surface chemical attack etc.3, coal adaptability is extensive not, and particularly when burning meager coal or mixed coal, efficiency of combustion and coke gasification also have much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problems of the technologies described above, providing that a kind of structure is simple, efficiency of combustion is high, effective mitigate corrosion and wear problem, service life of equipment is long, coal adaptability good, low-nitrogen discharged thing value is low low nitrogen turbulent burner.
The present invention also provides that a kind of method is simple, easy and simple to handle, the control method of the above-mentioned low nitrogen turbulent burner of good reliability.
The low nitrogen turbulent burner of the present invention comprises the First air passage and spout, inner second air passage and spout thereof and outer second air passage and spout thereof that set gradually from the inside to the outside, is also provided with oxygen enrichment air film wind passage and spout thereof between described First air passage and secondary air channel.
The central axis place of described First air passage is provided with central gas stream induction apparatus, and described central gas stream induction apparatus is made up of central gas stream induction tunnel and spout thereof.
The diameter ratio of the nozzle diameter of described central gas stream induction tunnel and the spout of described First air passage is between 0.15-0.35.
Spout reamer angle≤35 ° of each passage.
The control method of above-mentioned low nitrogen turbulent burner is: sprayed by its spout in the First air passage that the First air carrying coal dust passes into the innermost layer of low nitrogen turbulent burner; Secondary Air is divided into two strands, one passes into the outer field inner second air passage of First air passage and is sprayed by its spout, another stock passes into the outer field outer second air passage of inner second air passage and is sprayed by its spout, it is characterized in that, oxygen enrichment air film wind passes into the oxygen enrichment air film wind passage between described First air passage and described inner second air passage, and sprayed by its spout, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen enrichment air film wind is percent by volume 30-80%.
The temperature of described oxygen enrichment air film wind controls between 110-370 DEG C.
The pure oxygen intake controlling oxygen enrichment air film wind is the 5-10% of described Secondary Air pure oxygen intake.
Described Secondary Air is divided into three strands, and the 3rd strand passes into as high speed Secondary Air the central gas stream induction tunnel that is positioned at axis place of First air channel center and sprayed by its spout, the wind speed of described high speed Secondary Air be the 2-3 of First air wind speed doubly.
Described First air is 300-800 DEG C, oxygen concentration is lower than the high-temperature flue gas of percent by volume 15%.
For Problems existing in background technology, inventors performed following improvement:
(1) between First air passage and secondary air channel, oxygen enrichment air film wind passage and spout is set up, by passing into oxygen enrichment air film wind in oxygen enrichment air film wind passage, an annular oxygen-rich area is formed in the First air periphery of ejection, be conducive to the vigorous combustion in the nozzle flame kernel district at burner, form excessive temperature state, thus improve outlet coal dust rate of gasification, for the process and burning of later stage coal dust nitrogen creates conditions.Preferred control
The pure oxygen intake controlling oxygen enrichment air film wind is the 5-10% of described Secondary Air pure oxygen intake, and too high meeting causes the coal dust firing initial stage under oxygen enrichment state, produce a large amount of nitrogen oxide and the overall exhaust gas volumn deficiency of later stage boiler causes heating surface not mate.Too low meeting causes initiation combustion cannot enter rapidly the violent condition of high temperature; coke nitrogen is made not gasify fast and to evaporate; further; the preferred 100-180 of temperature DEG C (to industrial coal powder stove) of oxygen enrichment air film wind; 240-370 DEG C (to pulverized coal furnace of hydropower station); relative to the high temperature of more than 1000 DEG C during burner operation state; passing into of oxygen enrichment air film wind can be effectively the wall cooling in passage; available protecting equipment, guarantees that high-temp combustion state can continue to carry out and improve the service life of equipment.
(2) in First air passage, central axis place is provided with central gas stream induction apparatus, by passing into high speed Secondary Air in central gas stream induction apparatus, make the wind speed that the wind speed of the high speed Secondary Air sprayed by central gas stream induction apparatus sprays apparently higher than other passage, thus, high temperature negative-pressure air-flow is formed in the flame kernel district of nearly nozzle, the fugitive constituent that the coal dust that First air carries is separated out in a large number by high temperature can be involved in flame kernel district by this high temperature negative-pressure air-flow rapidly, at this quick ignition, burning, the inner oxygen amount of rapid consumption, initial stage degree of depth anoxic reaches the object of nitrogen oxides reduction, afterwards, residual coke (being stripped of the coal dust of fugitive constituent) enters oxygen-rich area and carries out vigorous combustion, improves coke gasification rate to guarantee after burning efficiency, improves the adaptability of coal.The wind speed of described high speed Secondary Air be the 2-3 of First air wind speed doubly, too high meeting causes combustion centre excessively to be pushed away far causing flame unstability, and too low meeting then cannot reach the effect that negative-pressure ward carries out gas-solid two phases.
(3) in order to improve the precipitation of fugitive constituent in coal dust further, be beneficial to quick separating and the burning of the rear fugitive constituent of coal dust ejection, adopt high-temperature flue gas powder feeding, in First air passage, just utilize the high temperature of flue gas by the precipitation as early as possible of the fugitive constituent in coal dust, by the oxygen concentration in control high-temperature flue gas to improve the security of equipment, the temperature of preferred high-temperature flue gas is 300-800 DEG C, more be preferably 300-500 DEG C, the too high spontaneous combustion of pulverized coal that can increase produces the risk of exploding, and the too low fugitive constituent that can affect in coal dust is separated out in a large number.
(4) spout of all passages has reamer angle, reamer angle can form the effect of diffusion ejection, make the Mixed Delay of primary and secondary air, and make the nozzle area of burner form the flow field structure of bellows chamber powder, reach the initial stage First air inside that catches fire and form oxygen deficient atmospheres, the nitrogen oxide at initial stage is fully reduced, utilize the brattice extending out structure formation to reach the object of isolation pulverized coal particle and spout water-cooling wall region tube panel simultaneously, thus effectively can alleviate the problem of the water-cooling wall coking of low nitrogen turbulent burner perimembranous and high temperature corrosion.Preferred reamer angle≤35 °, are more preferably 20-35 °, cross the problem that conference brings air-flow overlap.
Structure of the present invention is simple, control method is easy, reliability is high, coke gasification rate is high, efficiency of combustion is high, effective mitigate corrosion and wear problem, service life of equipment is long, low-nitrogen discharged value is lower, environmentally friendly, coal adaptability is good, be applicable to brown coal, bituminous coal, meager coal, even anthracite etc.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, the phase-splitting of the present invention low nitrogen turbulent burner that gasifies comprises the central gas stream induction tunnel 9 and central gas stream injection spout 10, First air passage 1 and First air spout 2, oxygen enrichment air film wind passage 3 and oxygen enrichment air film wind snout 4, inner second air passage 5 and inner second air spout 6 and outer second air passage 7 and outer second air spout 8 that set gradually from the inside to the outside; Described central gas stream induction tunnel 9 is positioned at the central axis place of First air passage 1, and the diameter of described central gas stream induction tunnel spout 10 and the diameter ratio of described First air spout 2 are between 0.15-0.35.The reamer angle of above-mentioned each spout is≤35 °, preferred 20-35 °.
As conventional setting, be also provided with the adjusting device in each air channel, various conventional checkout gear and burning torch, air gun etc. in low nitrogen turbulent burner as required, this is prior art, and its installation site, structure and operation principle do not make enumeration.
Control method:
Temperature is 300-800 DEG C, oxygen concentration is carried coal dust lower than the high-temperature flue gas of percent by volume 15% as First air and passed into First air passage 1, in First air passage 1, fume high-temperature can make part Volatile in coal dust, owing to controlling the oxygen content in high-temperature flue gas, thus improve the reliability of equipment.The high-temperature flue gas carrying coal dust sprays via First air spout 2, and the volatile matter in coal dust is separated out rapidly under the high temperature action up to more than 1,000 degree; Secondary air separating is three strands simultaneously, one passes into the inner second air passage 5 of internal layer, another stock passes into outer field outer second air passage 7, and spray through inner second air spout 6 and outer second air spout 8 respectively, after 3rd burst of pressurization, as high speed Secondary Air, (wind speed is 50-70m/s, 2-3 times of First air) pass into central gas stream induction tunnel 9, sprayed by central gas stream injection spout 10 again, the high speed Secondary Air of ejection, forming high temperature negative-pressure air-flow near the flame kernel district of spout, is separated out volatile matter and is brought into flame kernel district vigorous combustion by high temperature negative-pressure air-flow in coal dust.Meanwhile, oxygen concentration is percent by volume 30-80%, temperature is that the oxygen enrichment air film wind of 100-180 DEG C (to industrial coal powder stove) or 240-370 DEG C (to station boiler) passes into oxygen enrichment air film wind passage 3 (the pure oxygen intake controlling oxygen enrichment air film wind is the 5-10% of described Secondary Air pure oxygen intake.), because oxygen enrichment air film air temperature is lower, to low nitrogen turbulent burner, there is protective effect, improve the service life of equipment; Annular oxygen-rich area is formed in First air periphery from the oxygen enrichment air film wind of oxygen enrichment air film wind snout 4 ejection, the coal dust (coke) being stripped of fugitive constituent in First air enter oxygen-rich area First air and Secondary Air auxiliary under carry out vigorous combustion, improve coke gasification rate to guarantee after burning efficiency; Because all spouts all have reamer angle, therefore the effect of diffusion ejection can be formed, air quantity and the swirl strength of described inside and outside secondary air channel 5,7 can regulate via the adjusting device of correspondence, to control the mixing opportunity of primary and secondary air, make flame kernel district high temperature vigorous combustion, improve efficiency of combustion.
In said method, the ignition process of burner of the present invention is prior art, is not described further at this.
The phase-splitting of the present invention nitrogen oxides in effluent of discharging in the industrial coal powder stove of low nitrogen turbulent burner and station boiler that gasifies is installed and can be down to 100mg/Nm3 (dry state, conversion is 6% oxygen amount) within, coke gasification rate can reach 90%, efficiency of combustion can reach more than 99%.