CN105350382A - 一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸 - Google Patents

一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸 Download PDF

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CN105350382A
CN105350382A CN201510739416.XA CN201510739416A CN105350382A CN 105350382 A CN105350382 A CN 105350382A CN 201510739416 A CN201510739416 A CN 201510739416A CN 105350382 A CN105350382 A CN 105350382A
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insulating paper
deionized water
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李新满
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Tongling Sanjia Transformer Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：纳米五氧化二锑9-12、纳米二氧化钛4-5、酚醛树脂2-3、浆板500-550、塑化淀粉1.4-1.7、壳聚糖溶胶2.5-3、聚酯短纤维4.4-5、脂肪酸稀土0.8-1.3、硼酰化钴0.3-0.4、硫磺0.4-0.5、碳酸钙1-1.4、去离子水适量；本发明制备的绝缘纸机械性能高、绝缘性能好、阻燃、耐油、抗撕裂性好，作为变压器的绝缘材料具有良好的应用前景。

Description

一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸
技术领域
本发明涉及变压器技术领域，尤其涉及一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸。
背景技术
绝缘纸广泛用作电机、电缆、电容器和变压器等设备的绝缘材料，也是层压制品、复合材料和预浸材料等绝缘材料的主要组成材料。由于绝缘纸的特殊用途，要求其必须具备一些不同于其它纸种的特性，主要包括机械性能、电气性能和热稳定性。而且由于各类电气设备使用环境的不同，如湿热条件下运行的电机、化工厂经常接触高浓度的腐蚀性化学介质的电机、在有放射性辐射下运行的电机等，要求绝缘纸还要有较好的物理化学性能和环境适应性。采用天然纤维素制备的绝缘纸从19世纪90年代开始就被广泛应用于各种油浸式的电力设备中作为绝缘材料，虽然现在的绝缘材料有了较大的变化和进步，但纤维素绝缘纸具有价格低、机械强度大、尺寸容易控制、浸油后电气性能优良、环境友好等诸多优点，仍然是油浸变压器的首选绝缘材料，在传统的造纸行业当中为了提高纸张的各种性能，利用多种物理化学方法对纸进行改性。利用无机填料来改性绝缘纸可以得到性能更加优异的绝缘纸，但是目前国内外对于这方面的研究很少。
纳米二氧化钛具有很大的比表面积，因此在其表面产生的羟基数量就多而纤维素表面也带有大量的羟基，就为纳米二氧化钛粒子与纤维素之间的紧密结合提供了条件，保证纳米二氧化钛在纤维素上的附着率，并且纳米二氧化钛还能对绝缘油的绝缘性能起到较好的作用。所以本发明选择纳米二氧化钛对绝缘纸进行改性。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：纳米五氧化二锑9-12、纳米二氧化钛4-5、酚醛树脂2-3、浆板500-550、塑化淀粉1.4-1.7、壳聚糖溶胶2.5-3、聚酯短纤维4.4-5、脂肪酸稀土0.8-1.3、硼酰化钴0.3-0.4、硫磺0.4-0.5、碳酸钙1-1.4、去离子水适量。
所述一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将纳米五氧化二锑在烘箱中于100°C下干燥30min，冷却后和纳米二氧化钛加到0.5Wt%硅烷偶联剂kh550无水乙醇溶液中，再加入脂肪酸稀土进行回流冷凝处理，取出后烘干碾磨待用；
（2）将固含量为15-20%的酚醛树脂和步骤（1）制备的产物混合均匀，再加热至80°C时搅拌反应0.5-1h，恒温保持再加入聚酯短纤维浸泡4-5h，捞出后用蒸馏水清洗纤维条数遍后烘干备用；
（3）将浆板在去离子水中浸泡12h，浸泡充分后疏解6-8min后利用打浆机进行打浆，待浆料的打浆度到40-45°SR时停止打浆，将制备的浆料放入纤维解离器中，加入去离子水使浆料的浓度在2-2.5%内进行机械处理，得到纸浆悬浊液备用；
（4）将硼酰化钴、硫磺、壳聚糖溶胶、碳酸钙和塑化淀粉混合加入总倍量6-8倍量的去离子水混合搅拌均匀，将步骤（2）制备的产物加到步骤（3）制备的纸浆悬浊液中，再加入上述混合溶液以300转/分下进行搅拌，最后将纸浆悬浮液加到纸业成型设备中进行脱水成型，即可得到。
本发明的优点是：本发明采用将二氧化钛表面改性，不易聚集，使其在纸浆中分布均匀，且能大幅度提高绝缘纸的绝缘性能，并且还将纤维浸渍到绝缘树脂中，固化梳理然后利用粘胶溶液和纤维素纤维混合纺织，制备的复合纸大大提高了其机械性能、绝缘性、耐热老化性和强度等方面的作用，添加的聚酯短纤维、纳米五氧化二锑和脂肪酸稀土能够提高绝缘纸的阻燃、耐油、强度、抗撕裂性等，添加的硼酰化钴、硫磺和壳聚糖溶胶等提高了绝缘纸的耐热、耐湿、耐盐碱等方面的作用，本发明制备的绝缘纸机械性能高、绝缘性能好、阻燃、耐油、抗撕裂性好，作为变压器的绝缘材料具有良好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，由以下重量份（公斤）的原料制备制成：纳米五氧化二锑9、纳米二氧化钛4、酚醛树脂2、浆板500、塑化淀粉1.4、壳聚糖溶胶2.5、聚酯短纤维4.4、脂肪酸稀土0.8、硼酰化钴0.3、硫磺0.4、碳酸钙1、去离子水适量。
所述一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将纳米五氧化二锑在烘箱中于100°C下干燥30min，冷却后和纳米二氧化钛加到0.5Wt%硅烷偶联剂kh550无水乙醇溶液中，再加入脂肪酸稀土进行回流冷凝处理，取出后烘干碾磨待用；
（2）将固含量为15%的酚醛树脂和步骤（1）制备的产物混合均匀，再加热至80°C时搅拌反应0.5h，恒温保持再加入聚酯短纤维浸泡4h，捞出后用蒸馏水清洗纤维条数遍后烘干备用；
（3）将浆板在去离子水中浸泡12h，浸泡充分后疏解6min后利用打浆机进行打浆，待浆料的打浆度到40°SR时停止打浆，将制备的浆料放入纤维解离器中，加入去离子水使浆料的浓度在2%内进行机械处理，得到纸浆悬浊液备用；
（4）将硼酰化钴、硫磺、壳聚糖溶胶、碳酸钙和塑化淀粉混合加入总倍量6倍量的去离子水混合搅拌均匀，将步骤（2）制备的产物加到步骤（3）制备的纸浆悬浊液中，再加入上述混合溶液以300转/分下进行搅拌，最后将纸浆悬浮液加到纸业成型设备中进行脱水成型，即可得到。
按照本实施例制备的绝缘纸其性能测试如下：击穿电压为3.4KV、介电强度为37KV/mm，绝缘纸的阻燃级别为V0级，纸白度≥80％，干抗拉强度为3.8KN/m，湿抗张强度为0.48KN/m，吸水高度55mm，透气度为20±4s，体积电阻率为0.9×106，表面电阻为4.3×104，介电常数为5.5，介电损耗因数为0.043。

Claims (2)

1.一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：纳米五氧化二锑9-12、纳米二氧化钛4-5、酚醛树脂2-3、浆板500-550、塑化淀粉1.4-1.7、壳聚糖溶胶2.5-3、聚酯短纤维4.4-5、脂肪酸稀土0.8-1.3、硼酰化钴0.3-0.4、硫磺0.4-0.5、碳酸钙1-1.4、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种机械性能高的变压器用绝缘纸，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将纳米五氧化二锑在烘箱中于100°C下干燥30min，冷却后和纳米二氧化钛加到0.5Wt%硅烷偶联剂kh550无水乙醇溶液中，再加入脂肪酸稀土进行回流冷凝处理，取出后烘干碾磨待用；
（2）将固含量为15-20%的酚醛树脂和步骤（1）制备的产物混合均匀，再加热至80°C时搅拌反应0.5-1h，恒温保持再加入聚酯短纤维浸泡4-5h，捞出后用蒸馏水清洗纤维条数遍后烘干备用；
（3）将浆板在去离子水中浸泡12h，浸泡充分后疏解6-8min后利用打浆机进行打浆，待浆料的打浆度到40-45°SR时停止打浆，将制备的浆料放入纤维解离器中，加入去离子水使浆料的浓度在2-2.5%内进行机械处理，得到纸浆悬浊液备用；
（4）将硼酰化钴、硫磺、壳聚糖溶胶、碳酸钙和塑化淀粉混合加入总倍量6-8倍量的去离子水混合搅拌均匀，将步骤（2）制备的产物加到步骤（3）制备的纸浆悬浊液中，再加入上述混合溶液以300转/分下进行搅拌，最后将纸浆悬浮液加到纸业成型设备中进行脱水成型，即可得到。
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