CN105350007A - Derusting method for rusty surface of machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a derusting method for a rusty surface of a machine. Rust on a severely rusty surface is removed through a derusting reagent chemically. The method includes the steps that concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 98% is diluted till the concentration is about 50%; in the same way, nitric acid is diluted till the concentration is 20%, phosphoric acid is diluted till the concentration is 22%, and hydrochloric acid is diluted till the concentration is 9%; a proper amount of bentonite and a proper amount of water are added into the acid mixture, and the mixture is stirred evenly and stands still for about 1 hour after being stirred to be thick; the mixture is evenly smeared onto the rusty surface of steel, a user needs to remember not to make the mixture touch the skin surface or clothes, and the prepared mixture can be removed 45 minutes later after smearing is completed; then the rusty surface is cleaned simply to remove residues; quartz sand is sprayed to the surface of the steel by a sandblast under certain intensity of pressure through a sand blasting technology, and residual rust stains on the surface of the steel are removed; and the cleaned surface of the steel is coated with a layer of protective oil. Thus, rust removal and rust prevention are completed.

Description

A kind of derusting method of mechanical rusty surface

Technical field

The present invention relates to steel protection and rust cleaning field, particularly a kind of derusting method of mechanical rusty surface.

Background technology

Along with Iron And Steel Industry induces one the acceleration of new technology paces, it is also faster to the speed of social influence, the degree of depth.Technical progress is the power of development of iron & steel industry, and the Main way of current development is near net shape continuous casting; Shorten production process time, production process quasi-continuousization; Coal simultaneously as iron one Coal Chemical Industry flow process, will be converted to electricity and even changes out hydrogen by Steel Production Flow Chart effectively.Various countries are distinguishing to Iron And Steel Industry investment field, the country that GDP per capita is relatively high, and the emphasis of iron and steel investment concentrates on the aspects such as environment protection, automatization, high value added product, diversified economy and service usually.On the contrary, the country that GDP per capita is relatively low, iron and steel investment usually concentrates on technological transformation and increases the aspects such as production capacity.About there is the active time of the production unit of 60% in the whole world more than 25 years.And global iron and steel industry production unit utilization ratio mean level (ML) is 79.2%.The difference of each department plant factor is very large.The peak of whole world steel consumption was per capita 20 century 70 mid-terms, start afterwards to decline, the lumber recovery of decrease reason mainly crude steel is higher, population in the world increases substantially, and the Application and Development of new type steel reduces the improvement etc. of steel consumption amount and statistical calculation method (particularly the reduction of tank farm stock).The globalized competetion that iron and steel industry is increasingly sharpened and merger, for reducing costs, the optimization of enterprise production scale, the intervention in advantage market and the validity etc. of investment is very important.At present, the iron and steel enterprise that global rank is first 5 only has the market in the whole world 15%, and top 10 also just occupies the market of 25%, and far below the mean value of other major industries, perhaps this is the characteristic of steel products.In forthcoming years, for the reason of economic interests, merger and Sharing degree can increase.Investment in iron and steel industry will be relatively concentrated in quality product, production efficiency and environmental protection aspect, and three is closely connected, indivisible.Therefore, should consider from the overall height of Steel Production Flow Chart, in flow process, the minimizing of processing step (operation) and the shortening of corresponding production time produce active influence by the reduction of total cost, and can improve output, are conducive to environmental protection.

At the upstream extremity of Steel Complex's Production Flow Chart, the operation cost of investment of unit product (half cost) accounts for the largest percentage, carrying capacity of environment weight, and added value is low; And the downstream end of Production Flow Chart, the added value of unit product progressively increases, and the discharge of process reduces gradually.From reduction specific investment cost and reinforcement environmental protection aspect, near net shape continuous casting (particularly thin strap continuous casting) and melting and reducing etc. should be promising technique, the index of equipment Iron And Steel Industry technical progress is a series of target complex, comprise cost, Iron and Steel Production total time cycle time of asking or producing, ultimate production, productivity per worker, energy consumption, kind, quality, process discharge (material, energy) etc.Therefore, the target of Iron And Steel Industry technical progress must be examined closely with the broad visual field, should see metal production process optimization, sees minimizing, recycling and the least possible end treatment of process discharge again simultaneously.

Since looking back reform and opening-up, the particularly main experiences of fast-developing, the technical progress of China's Iron And Steel Industry nineties and structural adjustment, be exactly in the process of strategic investment and technical progress, catch to develop centered by continuous casting, drive the optimization of whole Production Flow Chart modernization and the pattern of enterprises: the continuous casting ratio of Chinese Iron & Steel Enterprises in 2000 reaches 87.5%, time whole nation iron and steel output at about 10 years is doubled, combine platform lumber recovery and about improve 10 percentage points, steel production cost significantly declines. fundamentally enhance the market competitiveness of Chinese steel.But Chinese Iron & Steel Enterprises yet also exists many problems left over by history in the market competitiveness and Sustainable development, such as energy consumption is high, overstaffed, quantity discharged large, Pollution abatement has bills due, the production capacity deficiency etc. of part high value added product.Therefore, by assorted the one Strategic Measure, in 5 ~ 10 years, make Chinese Iron & Steel Enterprises continue further Kang Fazhan, be worth research.

In general, within first 10 years of 2l century, mainly should catch following 2:

1, from technological line aspect: energy-saving clean production technology be pushed forward comprehensively, perfect process for cleanly preparing flow process is established.This is by a series of technical measures, controls metal manufacturing process and discharge process simultaneously, promotes to reduce costs, produce stay-in-grade clean products; Take Sources controlling, source reduction strategy, realize energy again, the renewable resources of discharge, the harmless treatment amount of pollutent and Toxic is controlled to minimum.On this basis, the friendly model factory of further implementation environment, the target that progressively implementation environment is friendly, community is friendly.In a word, the strategy of an energy-conservation cleaner production flow process as iron and steel industry technical progress in 5 ~ 10 years in future be advanced.This is for steel mill, and perfect cleaner production flow process has combined influence power, can produce the effect of cooperate optimization to product cost, quality, labour productivity, environment etc.

2, reform aspect: will form Business group energetically, step by step, establish regional markets advantages, avoids blindly, duplicate construction, further Cost optimization structure, increases economic efficiency.In the whole nation, should imagine and progressively form 3 ~ 5 board materials production groups, wherein some is the group that merger type assets merge, and what have also can be the strategic alliance group that the key elements such as market, raw material, investment are coordinated.The group of enterprises of long profiles then mainly forming region.Special steel enterprise is with good conditionsi also can form group of enterprises, what have also can enter people's sheet material group, or provincialism long profiles group, enterprise incorporated into enterprise groups will promote the composition optimizes of Iron And Steel Industry, iron and steel enterprise further, strengthens the market competitiveness of ferrous materials further.

Steel product is widely used in all trades and professions, but in atmospheric environment very easily rust corrosion.In order to slow down the corrosion of steel product, often adopting japanning, phosphatization, plastic-blasting, turning blue, electroplating, the method such as alloying protects.In order to strengthen the quality of film adhesive or subsequent technique, increasing the service life, all must eliminate rust or antirust treatment to steel surface before that protective treatment.This procedure is the etch-proof basic operation of steel product, and the quality of Disposal quality directly affects overall anticorrosion ability.Conventional derusting method has artificial rust cleaning, mechanical rust removal and chemical rust removing.Artificial rust cleaning namely utilizes sand paper or the rust cleaning of steel brush manual grinding, and the method labour intensity is maximum, and efficiency is minimum, to the repairing of local defect, often adopts this method; Mechanical rust removal is impact by means of mechanical force and rubbing effect, reaches the object of removing article surface corrosion.Mainly contain electric angle grinder, wire brush, pneumatic pin bundle rust remover, pneumatic scaling hammer, flute profile rotation rust remover etc., belong to semi-mechanical installation, instrument is light and handy, maneuvering ability is large, can more thoroughly remove rust, old coating etc., can carry out coarsen treatment to coating, efficiency ratio hand cleaning improves greatly, but can not descaling be removed, surfaceness is less, can not reach the surface treatment quality of high-quality, and work efficiency comparatively inject process is low; Shot-peening (sand) eliminates rust, mainly with particle jetting erosion effect is formed with the roughness reaching surface cleaning and be suitable for, the all impurity in metallic surface can be removed comparatively up hill and dale, as oxide skin, corrosion and old paint film, rust cleaning efficiency is high, and mechanical degree is high, derusting is good, but generally can not reclaim due to abrasive material, have impact to other operations, site clearing bothers.So environmental pollution is heavier, be recently limited gradually to use; The rust cleaning of high pressure water abrasive material mainly utilizes the shock action of high-pressure water jet (adding the ablation of abrasive material) and the corrosion of water ski action breaks down and coating to the sticking power of steel plate.Be characterized in no dust pollution, do not damage steel plate, greatly improve rust cleaning efficiency, derusting is good.But the steel plate after rust cleaning easily returns rust, must the special band of application wet rust cleaning coating, considerable influence is coated with to general property coating; Shot blasting, utilize the impeller of high speed rotating abrasive material to be thrown to surface to reach rust cleaning object, it is a kind of comparatively advanced mechanical processing method that hull steel material is eliminated rust, not only production efficiency is high, and expense is low, level of automation is high, can stream line operation be realized, low in the pollution of the environment, but only at in-house operation.

Chemical rust removing agent, according to the difference of its component and application purpose, can be divided into common rust remover and multifunctional chemical rust remover.Common rust remover, also known as acid pickling and rust removing, is the oxide compound generation chemical reaction utilizing acid solution and iron, is dissolved, peels off to reach rust cleaning object by Surface Rust.Conventional acid is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, and the concentration of acid, between 7% ~ 15%, for preventing acid corrosion steel, can add a small amount of inhibiter.Acid wash is a lot, has dip pickling method, sprays acid wash, also can adopt pickling paste process.

Steel surface, after oil removing, rust cleaning, sometimes can not being painted immediately, for preventing the sticking power again getting rusty and improve film, usually through certain chemical treatment, making steel surface form the film of one deck protection type.Conventional method has oxidation, phosphatization and passivation.Along with the difference of oxygenant, the color and luster of steel surface oxide film is different.And phosphatization is the aqueous solution with phosphoric acid or the preparation such as phosphoric acid salt and zinc nitrate, to be immersed by metallic article down in room temperature or heat, metal and phosphoric acid salt are interacted, and make metallic surface produce the water-fast grey film of one deck, this method is called phosphatization.Parkerized method is a lot, can impregnated, jet-type and electrochemical phosphating etc.The equipment used because of bonderizing is simple, and processing ease, with low cost, productivity is high, widespread use in the process of plain carbon stool.Secondly Passivation Treatment is by chromatedsolution and metal function, in the process of its Surface Creation trivalent or sexavalence layers of chrome, is called passivation, also known as chromaking.Be used for the process of magnesium, Aluminum-aluminum alloy.Also can form chromizing layer to iron and steel, but seldom be used alone, normal and phosphatization supports the use, and increases protective capacities further.But the chromic salt meeting serious environment pollution that passivation is used, make humans and animals poisoning and be limited to use, present many investigators are just being devoted to the research of chromium-free deactivation technology.

Summary of the invention

The annual iron and steel of China has a big chunk to cause corrosion to lose efficacy because safeguard procedures are improper, the mechanical means lost of life, increase production cost, therefore, for steel protection and rust cleaning problem, the object of the invention is to the derusting method proposing a kind of mechanical rusty surface, this method can clean iron and steel rusty surface effectively, to prevent the further corrosion corruption of iron and steel, thus cause waste.

For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:

A derusting method for mechanical rusty surface, comprising: the vitriol oil, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, water, bentonite, quartz sand etc.

Iron and steel protects improper meeting to cause corrosion situation, and rusty surface quality is loosened, and easily draws moisture, makes corrosion more serious, if therefore not in time cleaning can cause vicious cycle, finally cause iron and steel or plant and instrument to lose efficacy.Remove more serious iron and steel rusty surface, as building heavy duty equipment, colliery and winning equipment etc.Owing to constructing in the open all the year round, expose to the weather, be easy to rusty surface is worsened.First be equipped with and utilize chemical process rust cleaning reagent, be used for removing the more serious corrosion of surface ratio.Get the vitriol oil that concentration is 98%, be diluted to about 50%, same principle, concentration of nitric acid is made to be 20%, phosphoric acid concentration is 22%, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is 9%, gets appropriate bentonite, add in the mixture of these acid, add appropriate water, uniform stirring simultaneously, when stir into thick after, stop 1 hours, mixture uniform application on iron and steel rusty surface, note not encountering on skin surface and clothing, after having smeared, general about 45 minutes, can remove join the mixture got.Then by rusty surface Simple cleaning removing residue, with sandblast technology, by sand spraying device under certain pressure, quartz sand is ejected into steel surface, quartz sand itself has certain hardness, utilizes its impact and surperficial corner angle, the rusty stain that removing steel surface is residual.Then be coated with last layer preservative oil at clean steel surface, this completes derusting rust-proofing operation.

Embodiment

Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.

Embodiment 1

First be equipped with and utilize chemical process rust cleaning reagent, be used for removing the more serious corrosion of surface ratio.Get the vitriol oil that concentration is 98%, be diluted to about 50%, same principle, concentration of nitric acid is made to be 20%, phosphoric acid concentration is 22%, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is 9%, gets appropriate bentonite, add in the mixture of these acid, add appropriate water, uniform stirring simultaneously, when stir into thick after, stop 1 hours, mixture uniform application on iron and steel rusty surface, note not encountering on skin surface and clothing, after having smeared, general about 45 minutes, can remove join the mixture got.Then by rusty surface Simple cleaning removing residue, with sandblast technology, by sand spraying device under certain pressure, quartz sand is ejected into steel surface, quartz sand itself has certain hardness, utilizes its impact and surperficial corner angle, the rusty stain that removing steel surface is residual.Then be coated with last layer preservative oil at clean steel surface, strengthening derusting rust-proofing effect, this completes rust cleaning operation, can coat rust proof paint at steel surface or spray paint.The mechanical means or the instrument that pass through rust cleaning can extend its work-ing life, improve use properties.

Claims (3)

1. a derusting method for mechanical rusty surface, comprising: the vitriol oil, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, water, bentonite, quartz sand etc., is characterized in that, diluting concentrated sulfuric acid to 50%, concentration of nitric acid is 20%, and phosphoric acid concentration is 22%, concentration of hydrochloric acid is 9%, water and bentonite appropriate.

2. the derusting method of a kind of mechanical rusty surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, chemically after rust cleaning, by derusting by sandblast, steel surface is remained corrosion and removes clean, strengthening rust cleaning effect.

3. the derusting method of a kind of mechanical rusty surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after machined steel iron surface has eliminated rust, is coated with last layer preservative oil, to protect clean surface.