CN105349453B - One plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae and its application - Google Patents

One plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae and its application Download PDF

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CN105349453B
CN105349453B CN201510737879.2A CN201510737879A CN105349453B CN 105349453 B CN105349453 B CN 105349453B CN 201510737879 A CN201510737879 A CN 201510737879A CN 105349453 B CN105349453 B CN 105349453B
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serratieae
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thermophilic
nematode
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易建华
周东波
周曙光
彭宇
王东
蒲文宣
汪耀富
孙在军
简永兴
杜秉海
丁延芹
姚良同
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China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses one plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae and its applications.The strain classification is named as thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia nematodiphila) PR4, depositary institution:China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC), address:Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, preservation date:On August 28th, 2014, deposit number:CGMCC No.9614.Bacterial strain of the present invention has good degradation effect to protein.Forint sweet smell method measures the bacterial strain and produces protease enzyme activity as 3.03IU.The bacterial strain is measured with good effect of solubilizing phosphate with molybdenum blue colorimetric method method.Show PR4 bacterial strains to promoting tobacco growing that there is potential application value.

Description

One plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and its applied technical fields, and in particular to the tool of one plant of promotion tobacco growing There are protein degradation matter and the thermophilic nematode Serratieae of phosphorus decomposing function and its application of growth-promoting characteristic.
Background technology
Tobacco is Solanaceae (Solanaceae) Nicotiana (Nicotiana) annual herb plant.Happiness temperature, light, it is drought-enduring, Be afraid of flood, it is resistance to it is lean, need potassium more.Tobacco Leaf, stem, calyx and fruit have the hair of many cells, wherein contain chlorophyll in glandular hairs cell, Can be comprehensive containing gummy and resin exudate, there is certain relationship with the fragrance of tobacco.Tobacco petiole unobvious or into aliform handle, Its panicle basidixed, calyx tubular, corolla funnel-form, end pink.Capsule, seed yellowish-brown.Tobacco originates in South America Continent,, can cigarette processed, cigar, tobacco through ovennodulation, classification and working process after harvesting because of its blade (nicotine) containing nicotine Deng being the important raw material of tobacco industry.There is the problem of very big in China's tobacco field fertilizing in recent years, is embodied in:(1) fertilizer profit It is not high with rate, data show that China's flue-cured tobacco utilization rate of fertilizer is relatively low, some southern province utilization rate of fertilizer only 20% or so.Its The reason is that the correlation technique to utilization rate of fertilizer lacks further investigation, the particularly control to Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South fertilizer loss and north Nutrient malabsorption of square cigarette district etc. is not researched and solved fundamentally;(2) vega soil fertility, which occurs declining in various degree, becomes Gesture, due to lacking good culture fertility measure, crop rotation condition is poor in addition, and the long-term continuous cropping of vega, soil main nutrient elements is all There is downward trend, while soil physical property deteriorates in various degree;(3) nutritional imbalance, the light phosphorus potassium deficiency of diazonium;(4) to drought The fertilizer practice for making tobacco lacks research.
Research finds that the microorganism of plant growth can be promoted in plant rhizosphere soil containing some generally have fixed nitrogen, solution Phosphorus, Potassium release generate plant hormone and secrete the abilities such as antibiotic or bacterium, cyanobacteria at least with one of them ability etc.. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is referred to as, growth-promoting functions mechanism mainly there are following a few major class:Plant nutrient substance, production are provided Plant growth regulatory substance, plant rhizosphere bioremediation agents and environment-stress conditioning agent etc..But it filters out with multiple functions And efficient microbial strains are always the target that this field is pursued.
Protease is the class of enzymes of catalytic proteins hydrolysis.The diversity of protease species and the specificity of hydrolysing activity, It is made to become the industrial enzyme with important commercial value in field of industrial production such as food, leather, detergent.Containing big in soil Organic matter is measured, PGPR can be utilized to generate protease and decompose the nitrogenous organic matter in soil, generation, which can supply tobacco, to be made Nitrogen can thus reduce the use of chemical fertilizer, avoid the destruction to soil and environment.The degradation keratin reported now Have bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus thuringiensis), degrading ossein albumen has active micrococcus luteus (Micrococcus aqilis).But it yet there are no while there is efficient degradation protein and the thermophilic nematode sand thunder of phosphorus decomposing Salmonella and its application report for promoting tobacco growing.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide the application of one plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae and its promotion tobacco growing, which has Protein degradation matter and phosphorus decomposing function.
One plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia nematodiphila) PR4, the bacterial strain deposit number:CGMCC No.9614.Depositary institution:China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC), address:Beijing The institute 3 of city Chaoyang District North Star West Road 1, preservation date:On August 28th, 2014.
The optimal culture conditions of the thermophilic nematode Serratieae, the LB culture mediums of use:Peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, NaCl 10g, distilled water 1000ml, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min, 37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, pH 7.0.
The application of the thermophilic nematode Serratieae, for protein degradation matter and/or phosphorus decomposing, so as to promote the growth of plant. The plant includes tobacco.
It obtains bacteria suspension after strain culturing of the present invention to use as liquid microbial inoculum, bacteria concentration cfu >=10 of bacteria suspension8 A/mL.The application method of microbial inoculum:Pouring root after slow seedling, every plant of tobacco seedlings add microbial inoculum 1mL.
The bacterium colony and thalline of bacterial strain of the present invention are characterized as:The bacterial strain is in LB culture mediums (yeast extract 5g, peptone 10g, chlorine Change sodium 10g, distilled water 1000mL, agar 15~20g, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 20min, pH7.0,37 DEG C) on after culture 48h bacterium colony be in Circle, opaque, the smooth moistening in surface, milky, neat in edge, bacterium colony are slightly raised.Thalline is in rod-shaped, production gemma, gram It is negative staining.
The physiological and biochemical property of the bacterial strain is:Methyl red test is negative, v-p tests the positive, Starch Hydrolysis negative, nitre Hydrochlorate reduction test is positive, indole test is negative, hydrogen sulfide production test is positive, citrate utilizes and tests positive, glucose fermentation Experiment is positive, sucrose fermentation test is positive, malt sugar fermentating test is positive, lactose-fermentation test is positive, mannose ferment experiment Positive, glucose carbon source is using experiment is positive, the experiment of lactose utilization of carbon source is positive, the experiment of mannitol utilization of carbon source is positive, sucrose Utilization of carbon source experiment is positive, the maltose utilization of carbon source experiment positive, citric acid utilization of carbon source negative, 2 ﹪ NaCl salt tolerants try Test positive positive, the 5 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances positive, 7 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances, the 10 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances positive, production ammonia test It is positive.
The optimal culture conditions of the bacterial strain are:LB culture mediums:Peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, NaCl 10g, distilled water 1000ml, 37 DEG C of temperature, pH 7.0.
The bacterial strain can be used for preparing microbial bacterial agent;Using when with LB medium cultures obtain the bacteria suspension (bacterium of bacteria suspension Particle density cfu >=108A/mL), as liquid microbial inoculum.
The application method of microbial inoculum:Pouring root after slow seedling, every plant of tobacco seedlings add microbial inoculum 1mL.
It is as follows to the functional examination result of the bacterial strain of the present invention:In culture medium (skimmed milk power 3.0g, the agar of skimmed milk power 3.0g, 200mL, pH7.0~7.2,108 DEG C of deionized water sterilizing 20min) in culture measure its colony radius after (37 DEG C) for 24 hours For 0.2cm, transparent circle radius is 1.4cm, and the ratio between transparent circle radius and colony radius are 7;With National Standard Method using casein as substrate The proteinase activity for measuring PR4 is 3.03IU.In Meng Jinna solid mediums (glucose 10g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, NaCl 0.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.3g, FeSO40.03g, MnSO4·H2O 0.03g;CaCO35.0g, KCl 0.3g, Ca3(PO4)2 25.0g, lecithin 0.3g, 18~20g of agar, pH value 7.2~7.4) on cultivate one week, measuring first day its colony diameter d is 2mm, Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D are 5mm, and D/d 2.5, third day its colony diameter d are 3mm, and Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D is 12.5mm, D/d It is 4.2, the 7th day its colony diameter d is 3mm, and Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D is 18mm, D/d 6;In Phos fluid nutrient medium (C6H12O6 10.0g,(NH4)2S04 0.5g,NaCl 0.3g,KCl 0.3g,MgS04·7H2O 0.3g,FeS04·7H2O 0.03g,MnS04·4H2O 0.03g,Ca3(PO4)225.0g, water 1000mL, pH 7.0-7.5.) culture 4 days after, with molybdenum blue ratio Color method measures the changes of contents of rapid available phosphorus in culture solution, so as to the dissolving P capacity of reacting bacteria, measures rapid available phosphorus in PR4 culture solutions Content is 42.4mg/L.The cigarette strain number of blade that is handled during potting 30 days through PR4, maximum blade surface area are all higher than compareing, still Do not reach significant difference, cigarette strain stem girth that 60 days whens are handled through PR4, the number of blade are above compareing, and plant height and surface area omit Less than control, stem girth reaches the level of signifiance in 0.05 level, and the cigarette strain plant height and the number of blade that 90 days whens are handled through PR4 are better than Control, root, stem, leaf, the total fresh weight of plant of the tobacco plant handled through PR4 are better than control treatment, but only root reaches aobvious Difference is write, to can be seen that it is excellent that root, stem, leaf dry weight and the plant gross dry weight of plant are intended in the statistics of biomass after harvesting In control, compared with the control, root dry weight amplification is 26.58%, and stem weight amplification is 16.83%, and leaf dry weight amplification is 2.53%, Plant gross dry weight amplification is 7.86%.More than result of study shows that PR4 bacterial strains can be very good to promote tobacco growing, is promoting There is potential application value in terms of tobacco growing.
Thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia nematodiphila) PR4 of the present invention, depositary institution:China Microbiological bacterium Kind preservation administration committee's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC), address:Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, preservation Date:On August 28th, 2014, deposit number:CGMCC No.9614.
Description of the drawings
The cigarette strain plant height column diagram that Fig. 1 is 60 days and 90 days PR4 are handled and compareed;
The cigarette strain stem girth column diagram that Fig. 2 is 60 days and 90 days PR4 are handled and compareed;
Fig. 3 is that PR4 processing in 30 days, 60 days and 90 days accumulates column diagram with the cigarette strain maximum leaf surface compareed;
Fig. 4 is PR4 processing in 30 days, 60 days and 90 days and the cigarette strain number of blade column diagram compareed;
Fig. 5 is handled and the fresh biomass column diagram of the cigarette strain compareed for PR4;
Fig. 6 is PR4 processing and the cigarette strain dry biomass column diagram compareed;
Fig. 7 PR4 protein degradation matter design sketch;
Fig. 8 PR4 phosphorus decomposing design sketch.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia nematodiphila) PR4 of the present invention, depositary institution:China Microbiological bacterium Kind preservation administration committee's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC), address:Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, preservation Date:On August 28th, 2014, deposit number:CGMCC No.9614.
(1) screening of CGMCC No.9614
In the process of beef extract-peptone fluid nutrient medium enrichment:Acquisition is taken from Sangzhi, Hunan land owned by officials level ground, Liuyang institute of cigarette section Tobacco rhizosphere soil, totally 10 samples, number G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, each soil sample weigh 10g is added in 100mL beef extract-peptone fluid nutrient mediums, and 191r/min, 37 DEG C of shaking table shaken cultivations are for 24 hours.
Using skimmed milk power as the process of degradation of substrates protein:The culture solution after enrichment is taken after gradient dilution, from 10-1、 10-2、10-3、10-4100 μ L dilutions are drawn in dilution to be coated on Gause I culture medium, and 3 are cultivated under the conditions of 28 DEG C My god;From 10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6100 μ L are drawn in dilution to be coated in PDA culture medium, are cultivated 1 day under the conditions of 37 DEG C;From 10-5、10-6、10-7、10-8100 μ L are drawn in dilution to be coated on beef-protein medium, and 1 is cultivated under the conditions of 37 DEG C My god.
Bacterium colony is chosen on skimmed milk power culture medium with sterilizing toothpick after bacterium is grown on tablet to be coated.Energy is chosen in observation The bacterium isolate of apparent hydrolysis is enough generated, so repeatedly after verification repeatedly, picking, which can be stablized, generates transparent circle Bacterial strain is purified repeatedly, then 4 plants of bacterial strains of each tablet dibbling on skimmed milk power culture medium, 37 DEG C of constant temperature incubations, is surveyed after 72h Measure the transparent circle and colony diameter of different strains.According to transparent circle and the size of colony radius ratio (HC) value, screening production protease The relatively stronger bacterial strain of ability.By (yeast extract 5g, peptone in colony inoculation after purification to LB solid slope culture mediums 10g, sodium chloride 10g, distilled water 1000mL, agar 15~20g, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 20min, pH7.0.) preserve.It is obtained 144 plants It can be with the bacterial strain of protein degradation matter.
By tablet transparent circle method, national standard Protease assays, ultraviolet spectrophotometry surveys growth cellulose content, protects green method, Ability of dissolving potassium measuring method, Soluble phosphorus circle method and molybdenum blue colorimetric method measure the ability of its protein degradation matter respectively, produce the basic element of cell division Ability, ability of dissolving potassium and phosphate solubilization.Filtered out from isolated bacterial strain one plant can protein degradation matter again have phosphorus decomposing The bacterial strain of effect, is denoted as PR4.
(2) CGMCC No.9614 strain idenfications
The extraction of genomic DNA:It will be cultivated in 37 DEG C in isolated bacterial strain streak inoculation to LB solid mediums After for 24 hours, picking single bacterium falls in the test tube equipped with LB fluid nutrient mediums 37 DEG C, 150r/min shaking table cultures 12h.Specific method is joined Read document (Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, et al.Short Protocols in Molecular Biology.Chichester:John Wiley&Sons,Inc,1995:36-40.).The DNA of acquirement is dissolved in 50 μ L TE to delay In fliud flushing (10mM Tris-HCl, 1mM EDTA, PH=8.0), it is spare to be then stored in -20 DEG C of refrigerators.
16S rDNA sequence amplifications primers are synthesized by Shanghai bioengineering Co., Ltd.
Pcr amplification reaction system:Taq archaeal dna polymerases 0.5 μ L, 10 × Buffer 5 μ L, MgCl23 μ L, dNTPs (10mmol/L) 1 μ L, primer 2 7F 1 μ L, 1 μ L of primer 1492R, template 0.5 μ L, ddH2O complements to 50 μ L.Reaction condition:95 DEG C pre-degeneration 5min;94 DEG C of denaturation 1min, 55 DEG C of annealing 1min, 72 DEG C of extension 1.5min, 30 recycle;72 DEG C of extension 10min. The examining order of 16S rDNA is completed by Shanghai bioengineering Co., Ltd.
By the sequence alignment in surveyed 16S rDNA sequences and GenBank databases, the results showed that:The bacterial strain position of the present invention In phylogenetic tree in Serratieae (Serratia.sp) branch, with Serratia nematodiphila (EU914257.1) and two plants of bacterium of Serratia marcescens (AB244453.1) have nearest affiliation, 16S RRNA gene orders similitude is all 99%.
The bacterial strain LB culture mediums (yeast extract 5g, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 10g, distilled water 1000mL, agar 15~ 20g, 121 DEG C sterilizing 20min, pH7.0,37 DEG C) on culture 48h after bacterium colony it is rounded, opaque, the smooth moistening in surface is milky white Color, neat in edge, bacterium colony are slightly raised.Thalline is in rod-shaped, production gemma, Gram-negative.The physiological and biochemical property of the bacterial strain For:Methyl red test is negative, the v-p experiments positive, Starch Hydrolysis negative, nitrate reduction test are positive, indole test is cloudy Property, hydrogen sulfide production test is positive, citrate is using experiment is positive, glucose fermentation experiment is positive, sucrose fermentation test is positive, wheat Bud sugar fermentating test is positive, the lactose-fermentation test positive, the mannose ferment experiment positive, glucose carbon source utilize the experiment positive, The experiment of lactose utilization of carbon source is positive, the experiment of mannitol utilization of carbon source is positive, the experiment of sucrose utilization of carbon source is positive, malt sugar carbon source profit With the experiment positive, citric acid utilization of carbon source negative, 2 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances are positive, 5 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances are positive, 7 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances are positive, 10 ﹪ NaCl Salt tolerances are positive, production ammonia test is positive.By more than bacterium colony, thalli morphology, physiology life Change feature and 16S rDNA sequence analyses, it is thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia to identify CGMCC 9614 nematodiphila)。
(3) protein degradation is tested
It is prepared by culture medium and strain:Prepare culture medium (the skimmed milk power 3.0g of skimmed milk power;Agar 3.0g;Deionized water 200mL;PH7.0~7.2,108 DEG C of sterilizing 20min).In plating medium in shaking table culture for 24 hours (37 is down flat the bacterium after plate ℃).It observes transparent circle size and measures transparent circle radius (R) and colony radius (r), and measure its ratio R/r.Through measuring its bacterium colony Radius is 0.2cm, and transparent circle radius is 1.4cm, R/r=7.
National Standard Method surveys proteinase activity power:National Standard Method surveys proteinase activity power:It is every by substrate of casein with Forint phenol method Enzyme amount needed for 1min 1 μ g tyrosine of generation is defined as an enzyme activity (IU).The proteinase activity of PR4 is 3.03IU after measured.
(4) dissolving P capacity measures
The inoculation that present invention screening is obtained is in Meng Jinna solid mediums (glucose 10g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, NaCl 0.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.3g, FeSO40.03g, MnSO4·H2O 0.03g;CaCO35.0g, KCl 0.3g, Ca3 (PO4)225.0g, lecithin 0.3g, 18~20g of agar, pH value 7.2~7.4) on cultivate one week, measure its colony diameter d, molten Phosphorus loop diameter D calculates D/d.Phosphorus decomposing circle effect is as shown in figure 8, it is 2mm, Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D to measure first day its colony diameter d For 5mm, D/d 2.5, third day its colony diameter d are 3mm, and Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D is day its bacterium of 12.5mm, D/d 4.2, the 7th Diameter d is fallen as 3mm, Soluble phosphorus loop diameter D is 18mm, D/d 6.By PR4 Phos fluid nutrient medium (glucose 10.0g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, NaCl 0.3g, KCl 0.3g, MgS04·7H2O 0.3g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.03g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.03g, Ca3(PO4)225.0g, water 1000mL, pH 7.0-7.5.) in culture 4 days after, molybdenum blue colorimetric method measure culture solution middling speed The changes of contents of phosphorus is imitated, so as to the dissolving P capacity of reacting bacteria.It is 42.4mg/L to measure available phosphorus contents in PR4 culture solutions.
(5) pot experiment
It is nursery first, the tobacco seed of same kind is selected to carry out nursery.Selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, long after nursery 30 days The consistent tobacco seedlings of gesture are transplanted, and per 1 plant of potting cigarette, mainly tobacco seedlings cane are wholly embedded into soil, pours equivalent after transplanting immediately Water.
Followed by handled, one group of blank control, one group adds PR4 microbial inoculums.Cultivate bacteria suspension of the present invention (bacteria suspension Bacteria concentration >=108Cfu/mL), used as liquid microbial inoculum, pouring root after slow seedling, every plant of tobacco seedlings add microbial inoculum 1mL.
Put basin:To reduce influence of the difference to experimental result because of greenhouse different directions temperature, basin should hang down along with greenhouse Nogata is to putting.
Soil moisture is paid attention in the tobacco growing phase, it is maximum to soil less than moisturizing is then needed after soil relative water content 50% (moisturizing can be depending on the growth of cigarette strain and water shortage situation, but must assure that the irrigation amount and soil of every basin for the 80% of water-holding capacity Humidity is consistent).
After transplanting the number of blade, plant height, stem girth, leaf color, maximum leaf length and width, growing way, residing breeding time were investigated every 10 days Deng).When growing way appearance has notable difference between discovery processing in potting process, it will compare and handle and take pictures together with putting, simultaneously The root system for sampling cigarette strain is carried out comparison to take pictures.
As a result as shown in table 1, table 2, table 3, table 4, table 5.
Influences of the 1. 30 days PR4 of table to tobacco agronomy character
Note:Data bit average ± standard deviation in table.The different lowercase letter indication difference conspicuousness (p with after column data< 0.05), similarly hereinafter.
Influences of the 2. 60 days PR4 of table to tobacco agronomy character
Influences of the 3. 90 days PR4 of table to tobacco agronomy character
Influences of 4. PR4 of table to cigarette strain fresh weight
Influences of 5. PR4 of table to cigarette strain dry weight
Although above-mentioned be in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments described the specific embodiment of the present invention, not to this hair The limitation of bright protection domain, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, this field skill Art personnel do not need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. one plant of thermophilic nematode Serratieae (Serratia nematodiphila) PR4, the bacterial strain deposit number:CGMCC No.9614。
2. the culture medium of thermophilic nematode Serratieae described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the LB culture mediums of use:Peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, NaCl 10g, distilled water 1000ml, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min, 37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, pH 7.0.
3. the application of thermophilic nematode Serratieae described in claim 1, which is characterized in that for protein degradation matter and phosphorus decomposing.
4. the application of thermophilic nematode Serratieae according to claim 3, which is characterized in that for protein degradation matter and phosphorus decomposing Promote the growth of plant afterwards.
5. the application of thermophilic nematode Serratieae according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the plant includes tobacco.
6. the application of the thermophilic nematode Serratieae according to claim 3 or 4 or 5, which is characterized in that obtained after strain culturing Bacteria suspension is used as liquid microbial inoculum.
7. the application of thermophilic nematode Serratieae according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the bacteria concentration of bacteria suspension >= 108cfu/mL。
8. the application of thermophilic nematode Serratieae according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the application method of microbial inoculum:Slow seedling Pouring root afterwards, every plant of tobacco seedlings add microbial inoculum 1mL.
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