Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above and/or defect, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing electrostatic adhesion to purify high-salt wastewater, the present invention special has on the electrode of metal conducting layer by being added in by low-voltage dc voltage, namely electric field is formed between metal conducting layer, when high-salt wastewater flows through between two electrodes, namely the positively charged ion in high-salt wastewater and Anion separation on metal conducting layer, then the physical adsorbability of electroconductibility that glass layer is good and activated carbon fiber layers is utilized, zwitterion is adsorbed on respectively on the electrode defining positive pole and negative pole, salts contg in high-salt wastewater is reduced greatly, well can reach the effect removing high-content salt in waste water, and by solar panels generate energy, be connected with power supply, solve the problem that energy consumption is higher.
For this reason, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Utilize electrostatic adhesion to purify a method for high-salt wastewater, comprise the steps:
One water treatment device is provided, it comprises a container and is arranged at the multiple electrodes in described container, described multiple electrode is crisscross arranged on described container first side and the second side, described first side and the second side are oppositely arranged, and be positioned at positive pole and the negative pole that described electrode on described first side and the described electrode be positioned on described second side be connected power supply respectively, 3rd side of described container and the 4th side offer water-in and water port respectively, between described multiple electrode, limits a snakelike water-flowing path; Wherein, described electrode comprises glass layer, activated carbon fiber layers and metal conducting layer from outside to inside successively;
Making high-salt wastewater be that 0.5 ~ 0.6m/min flows into described water treatment device from the water-in of described container with flow velocity, through described snakelike water-flowing path, is that 0.5 ~ 0.6m/min discharges from the water port of described container with flow velocity.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, and described container is rectangle, and described multiple electrode vertical be arranged in parallel in the first side of described container and the second side.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, and described multiple electrode is 0.5 ~ 0.7m along the interval between the direction that current flow.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, and the thickness of described glass layer is 2cm, and the thickness of described activated carbon fiber layers is also 2cm, and the thickness of described metal conducting layer is 3 ~ 5cm.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, and described power supply is also connected with solar panels, and the voltage that described power supply provides is 2V.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, described container is trapezoidal in what increased gradually by the first side internal diameter described in described second side direction, described first side is equal with the angle α of described 3rd side with described second side, wherein, 30 °≤α≤40 °, described multiple electrode vertical is arranged in the first side of described container and the second side, and the electrode be positioned on described first side is parallel to each other, the electrode be positioned on the second side is also parallel to each other;
And the bottom of described container is for being inclined relative to horizontal the inclined-plane of setting, and to make the degree of depth of described container be reduced gradually by the second side described in described first side direction, the bottom of described container and the angle of horizontal plane are β, 1 °≤β≤15 °.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies the method for high-salt wastewater, also comprises:
There is provided a water feed apparatus, the water pump that described water feed apparatus comprises water tank and is communicated with described water tank, described water tank is communicated with the water-in of described container, and the height of described water tank in the vertical direction is higher than the height of described water-in.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, is 0.56m/min by the flow velocity of described water-in and described water port.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, and described water-in and described water port place are respectively arranged with water intaking valve and water discharge valve successively.
Preferably, the described electrostatic adhesion that utilizes purifies in the method for high-salt wastewater, is provided with conductivity meter, is also provided with conductivity meter between described water port and described water discharge valve between described water-in and described water intaking valve.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
When high-salt wastewater flows through in the apparatus of the present, positively charged ion in high-salt wastewater and negatively charged ion are subject to the effect of metal conducting layer Electrode Field power, positively charged ion moves on the electrode of formation negative pole, and negatively charged ion moves on the electrode of formation positive pole, when zwitterion is near positive and negative electrode, be subject to the adsorption of activated carbon fiber layers, ion has just been adsorbed on glass layer tightly, serve the effect of separated salt ion, and be in outer field glass layer and can play corrosion-resisting function.
The present invention adopts new electrode materials to utilize the conductivity of metal electrode layer, and in conjunction with the erosion resistance of glass layer and the good adsorbent performance of activated carbon fiber layers, effectively extend the action time of activated carbon fiber layers, its removal efficiency is about 60%.
This device not only can dissolved salts in planar water, charged bacterium and organism particulate can also be removed, can be used in the process water of the industry such as water conservancy project, electric power and the wastewater treatment of all trades and professions, clear effective and running cost is low, show superpower competitive power.
The electrostatic field that the low voltage that the present invention utilizes solar panels to produce provides, to process high-salt wastewater, adopts new electrode materials to improve processing efficiency simultaneously, serves to reduce energy consumption, improve processing efficiency, save energy, the effect that reduces costs.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word to make those skilled in the art.
Should be appreciated that used hereinly such as " to have ", other element one or more do not allotted in " comprising " and " comprising " term or the existence of its combination or interpolation.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing electrostatic adhesion to purify high-salt wastewater, comprising:
Water treatment device 7, it container comprising a rectangle and the multiple electrodes 2 be arranged in described container, described multiple electrode 2 is crisscross arranged on relative the first side of described container and the second side, described first side and the second side are oppositely arranged, and be positioned at positive pole and the negative pole that described electrode 2 on described first side and the described electrode 2 be positioned on described second side be connected power supply respectively, the 3rd side of described container and the 4th side offer water-in and water port respectively;
Wherein, described electrode 2 is outer comprises glass layer 11, activated carbon fiber layers 10 and metal conducting layer 4 successively to interior.It should be known that electrode can for circular, also can be rectangle, glass layer 11, activated carbon fiber layers 10 and metal conducting layer 4 can be tabular, also can be cylindrical.
The structure of electrode 2 of the present invention comprises glass layer 11, activated carbon fiber layers 10 and metal conducting layer 4 from outside to inside successively, activated carbon fiber layers 10 pairs of ions have very strong adsorptivity, and glass layer 11 corrosion resistance nature is good, be conducive to the service efficiency improving activated carbon fiber.
After being electrified, the electrode 2 be arranged on the first side of container and the second side forms electric field, and between multiple electrode 2, also form a water-flowing path, like this, when high-salt wastewater flows through in water treatment device, positively charged ion in high-salt wastewater and negatively charged ion are subject to the effect of metal conducting layer Electrode Field power, positively charged ion moves on the electrode 2 of formation negative pole, and negatively charged ion moves on the electrode 2 of formation positive pole, when zwitterion is near positive and negative electrode, be subject to the adsorption of activated carbon fiber layers 10, ion has just been adsorbed on glass layer 11 tightly, serve the effect of separated salt ion, be in outer field glass layer 11 and can play corrosion-resisting function.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described multiple electrode 2 be arranged in parallel perpendicular to the first side of described container and the second side.To increase the contact area of current and electrode as wide as possible.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, the thickness of described glass layer 11 is 2cm, and the thickness of described activated carbon fiber layers 10 is also 2cm, and the thickness of described metal conducting layer 4 is 3 ~ 5cm.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described multiple electrode 2 is 0.5 ~ 0.7m along the interval between the direction that current flow, and described multiple electrode 2 limits a snakelike water-flowing path.To flow in water treatment device longer path to make high-salt wastewater.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described power supply is also connected with solar panels 1.When direct supply positive and negative electrode respectively in parallel connect be arranged in parallel electrode 2 after, between first side and the second side of container, just define electrostatic field.Salt ion in the high-salt wastewater of at this moment flowing between electrode 2, has stayed opposite polarity ate electrode with it respectively, has served the effect of separated salt ion.Further, the energy utilizing solar panels 1 to produce to process high-salt wastewater, to save the energy.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, the voltage that described power supply provides is 2V.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, also comprise:
Water feed apparatus, it water pump 12 comprising water tank 13 and be communicated with described water tank 13, described water tank 13 is communicated with the water-in of described container, and described water tank 13 height is in the horizontal plane higher than the height of described water-in.High-salt wastewater is extracted in water tank 12 by water pump 13.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, be 0.5 ~ 0.6m/min by the flow velocity of described water-in and described water port.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described water-in and described water port place are respectively arranged with water intaking valve 6 and water discharge valve 9 successively.
In such scheme, as preferably, between described water-in and described water intaking valve, be provided with conductivity meter, between described water port and described water discharge valve, be also provided with conductivity meter 14.
As shown in figures 1-4, the present invention also provides a kind of method utilizing electrostatic adhesion to purify high-salt wastewater, comprises the steps:
One water treatment device 7 is provided, it comprises a container and is arranged at the multiple electrodes 2 in described container, described multiple electrode 2 is crisscross arranged on described container first side and the second side, described first side and the second side are oppositely arranged, and be positioned at positive pole and the negative pole that described electrode 2 on described first side and the described electrode 2 be positioned on described second side be connected power supply respectively, 3rd side of described container and the 4th side offer water-in and water port respectively, between described multiple electrode 2, limits a snakelike water-flowing path; Wherein, described electrode 2 comprises glass layer 11, activated carbon fiber layers 10 and metal conducting layer 4 from outside to inside successively;
Making high-salt wastewater be that 0.5 ~ 0.6m/min flows into described water treatment device 7 from the water-in of described container with flow velocity, through described water-flowing path, is that 0.5 ~ 0.6m/min discharges from the drainage position of described container with flow velocity.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described container is rectangle, and described multiple electrode 2 be arranged in parallel perpendicular to the first side of described container and the second side.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described multiple electrode 2 is 0.5 ~ 0.7m along the interval between the direction that current flow.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, the thickness of described glass layer 11 is 2cm, and the thickness of described activated carbon fiber layers 10 is also 2cm, and the thickness of described metal conducting layer 4 is 3 ~ 5cm.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described power supply is also connected with solar panels 1, and the voltage that described power supply provides is 2V.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, as preferably, described container is trapezoidal in what increased gradually by the first side internal diameter described in described second side direction, and described first side is equal with the angle α of described 3rd side with described second side, wherein, 30 °≤α≤40 °, described multiple electrode 2 is arranged perpendicular to the first side of described container and the second side, and the electrode be positioned on described first side is parallel to each other, the electrode be positioned on the second side is also parallel to each other, and be arranged in parallel; Like this, when high-salt wastewater enters in this water treatment device 7, when its concentration is higher, larger contact area can be had with electrode 2, and after the process through nearly first side, reaccees the second side time high-salt wastewater salt concn lower, contacted by less contact area with electrode 2, like this, the energy and electrode materials can be saved more.
And the bottom of described container is for being inclined relative to horizontal the inclined-plane of setting, and to make the degree of depth of described container be reduced gradually by the second side described in described first side direction, the bottom of described container and the angle of horizontal plane are β, 1 °≤β≤15 °.Like this, at the nearly first side place larger with electrode 2 contact area, high-salt wastewater can with the electrode contact long period, so that more salt ions can be removed, increase work efficiency.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, also comprise:
There is provided a water feed apparatus, the water pump 12 that described water feed apparatus comprises water tank 13 and is communicated with described water tank 13, described water tank 13 is communicated with the water-in of described container, and the height of described water tank 13 in the vertical direction is higher than the height of described water-in.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, be 0.56m/min by the flow velocity of described water-in and described water port.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as preferably, described water-in and described water port place are respectively arranged with water intaking valve 6 and water discharge valve 9 successively.
In such scheme, as preferably, between described water-in and described water intaking valve 6, be provided with conductivity meter 14, between described water port and described water discharge valve 6, be also provided with conductivity meter 14.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the electrode 2 of the first side is accessed positive source, second lateral electrode 2 accesses power cathode, connect rear access solar panels, open under solar panels 1 are placed in sunlight, make each cube electrode 2 can connect DC low-voltage and remain on about 2V, because overtension can produce hydrogen and oxygen by facilitation of hydrolysis, increase unnecessary cost; The water inlet flow velocity of water intaking valve 6 of water inlet control well at about 0.56m/min, to ensure sufficient hydraulic detention time, avoids water intermediate ion unreacted just to flow out.
After high-salt wastewater (concentration is generally about 20g/L) flows through water-in under the effect of water pump 12 from water tank, enter water treatment device 7, positively charged ion in high-salt wastewater and negatively charged ion are subject to the effect of metal conducting layer 4 Electrode Field power, positively charged ion moves toward negative plate, negatively charged ion moves toward positive plate, when zwitterion is near positive/negative plate, be subject to the adsorption of activated carbon fiber layers 10, ion has just been adsorbed on activated carbon fiber layers 10 tightly, serve the effect of separated salt ion, be in outer field glass layer 11 and play corrosion-resisting function.
High-salt wastewater is when snake type water-flowing path flows to water discharge valve 9, and according to the value of flooding quantity, suitable opening water discharge valve 9, makes treated high-salt wastewater can with a suitable flow velocity, namely with flow velocity about 0.56m/min discharger.
The specific conductivity flowed out in water is measured, Cl in specific conductivity and high-salt wastewater with conductivity meter
-concentration proportional, concentration relationship is roughly expressed as Y=2.344X+65.29 (wherein X represents chlorine ion concentration mg/L, and Y is specific conductivity μ S/cm).When high-salt wastewater concentration is 20mg/L, specific conductivity is about 5*10
2ms/cm, subsequently under the adsorption of electrode, specific conductivity reduces gradually, and when high-salt wastewater concentration is lower than 2mg/L, specific conductivity drops to 5ms/cm.If namely specific conductivity is illustrating in sharply increasing trend electrode have accumulated saturated zwitterion sometime, clean water after water-in passes into process, electrode is carried out reversal connection under original voltage conditions, the ion be adsorbed on electrode is made to be shed in water under electrical forces effect, conductivity meter is measured and is flowed out specific conductivity in wash-down water simultaneously, to determine whether electrode back flushing completes, when specific conductivity in wash-down water is higher than when rinsing the 10%-20% of electrical conductivity of water, can illustrate that the process of coming off completes substantially, then powered-down and water discharge valve.This sample device greatly achieves recycling of activated carbon fiber layers, achieves the ability of the sustainable process high-salt wastewater of activated carbon fiber layers.
The most crucial parts of this device are electrode 2, this member electrode 2 be set to into the flow direction of water solution and the direction of extra electric field vertical, ionic adsorption process roughly can be divided into following three phases: first stage ion moves in the solution of surrounding them, negative ion in positive pole adsorbing electrolyte solution, negative pole attracts positive ion, thus forms electrostatic double layer; Due to the relation of electrostatic double layer on electrode, ion is adsorbed to electrode surface gradually.In subordinate phase, As time goes on ion can carry out more further hole internal adsorption, and this process is the critical stage of absorption, and activated carbon fiber layers aperture is micropore and sub-micro hole, and namely pore size is less than 2nm.Phase III is ion migration and the process that comes off, and process of charging electronics passes to negative pole by external power from positive pole, and meanwhile, the ion in electrolytic solution also migrates to two electrode surfaces respectively; Under equal voltage conditions, according to the water quality and quantity etc. in trade effluent, when on water side, conductivity meter index is obvious ascendant trend, discharge process electronics moves to positive pole by load from negative pole, and negative ions departs from electrode surface release and returns in electrolytic solution.
High-salt wastewater ions content complexity checks difficulty respectively, and this device is respectively arranged with conductivity meter in water inlet place and water outlet place, is carried out the change of inorganic ion concentration in secondary indication solution by the variation tendency measuring specific conductivity.By the difference of the intake specific conductivity of solution and the specific conductivity of aqueous solution, the desalting efficiency in electro-adsorption process and adsorptive capacity can be calculated.Desalting efficiency can be tried to achieve by following formula:
η=(C
0-C)/C*100%
In formula,
The specific conductivity of C---aqueous solution, μ s/cm
C
0---the specific conductivity of water inlet solution, μ s/cm
Desalination amount is tried to achieve by following formula:
q
e=Qt(Y
0-Y
e)/1000m
ACF=Qt(C
0-C)/(1930.8*m
ACF)
In formula:
M---the quality of activated carbon fiber in Galvanosorptive reaction device, g
C
0---the specific conductivity of water inlet solution, μ s/cm
C
e---water outlet conductivity during adsorption equilibrium, μ s/cm
Q---flooding velocity, ml/min
T---reach the time that adsorption equilibrium is used, min
Y
0---water inlet strength of solution, mg/L
Y
e---aqueous concentration during adsorption equilibrium, mg/L
Q
e---the adsorptive capacity of activity per unit weight Carbon fibe electrode, mg/g.
This device is according to mixing flow reactor (i.e. CSTR type of reactor) completely, high-salt wastewater content as Chemical Manufacture is generally 20g/L, and the saltiness of plant emissions water outlet is no more than 2g/L, removal efficiency should meet and reaches 90%, can reach removal effect completely.
In this device, electrode 2 is a kind of novel metal electrode materialss combined by glass layer 11 and activated carbon fiber layers 10, adds activated carbon fiber layers 10 outside metal conducting layer, and outermost layer is glass layer 10.Activated carbon fiber layers 10 pairs of ions have very strong adsorptivity, and glass layer 11 corrosion resistance nature is good, for improving the erosion resistance of electrode 2, have the service efficiency utilizing and improve activated carbon fiber layers 10.Activated carbon fiber layers 10 and glass layer 11 thickness are 2cm, and metal conducting layer 4, without specific requirement, is generally 3-5cm.Distance between adjacent positive/negative plate is installed according to the shortest distance (0.5-0.7m) of construction, water intaking valve 6, water discharge valve 9 all adopt butterfly valve, water treatment device 7 adopts skeleton construction, the simple constructability of structure is cheap, and in water channel overall length, the length of snake type water-flowing path accounts for 80% of water channel total length.
Here the module number illustrated and treatment scale are used to simplify explanation of the present invention.The application of electrode of the present invention and water treatment device etc., modifications and variations be will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
The electrostatic field that the low voltage that the present invention utilizes solar panels to produce provides, to process high-salt wastewater, adopts new electrode materials to improve processing efficiency simultaneously, serves to reduce energy consumption, improve processing efficiency, save energy, the effect that reduces costs.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification sheets and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.