CN1053374A - The equipment that is used for the suspension classification - Google Patents

Abstract

The equipment that is used for the suspension classification comprises the housing that is made of top (1), middle part (2) and bottom (3), material to be processed input unit (4), air lift (10), this air lift communicates with each other along the setting of housing axis and with lower part of frame (3) and top (1).Cell (11) is arranged in equipment, and this cell is arranged on housing top (1) and communicates with lower housing portion (3) by managing 12.

Description

The equipment that is used for the suspension classification

The device that the present invention relates to make the different granular materials that float on a liquid to carry out hydraulic classiciation particularly relates to the equipment of suspension classification.

The present invention can be used for must making according to working condition the industrial department of the powdered product stepped height that floats on a liquid, for example coal mining, food, sugaring, system aluminium and other industrial departments.

At present, owing to the dry method pure qi (oxygen) in research in aluminium industry and the employing electrolytic cell, people begin to propose the specific (special) requirements of relevant granularmetric composition to aluminium oxide.Like this, produce the grade that the basic materials aluminium hydroxide of aluminium oxide should contain less than 40 microns and be no more than 10%.

In order to obtain having flourishing surface and have the aluminium oxide of absorption property, the aluminium hydroxide of this granularmetric composition can carry out special heat treatment.Improved the economic indicator of electrolytic production of aluminum in essence in the method pure qi (oxygen).But producing coarse grain aluminium hydroxide by crystallization from the supersaturation aluminate solution has certain difficulty.

To go out aluminium hydroxide be a kind of heterogeneous body process of carrying out in dynamics range in crystallization from aluminate solution.This moment, the formation characteristics of resulting product had two kinds of processes: form nucleus of crystal (cenotype) and formed crystal growth.The speed of one of said process is preponderated and can be caused the increase of end product or diminish.Be noted that the undue increase of aluminium hydroxide diminishes as it in crystallization process, do not meet the requirements,, reduce the output of useful constituent because the dissolution velocity that is directly proportional with phase-contact surface increases and lowers along with the granularity of aluminium hydroxide.In addition, well-known, coarse aluminium hydroxide is the parent of nucleus of crystal in the aluminate solution.

Last situation is the fundamental cause that aluminium hydroxide periodically increases and diminishes in the factory that does not recognize granularity importance.

Contacted specific surface is a basic parameter of describing the course of dissolution feature to the ratio of aluminate solution saturation degree.

Simultaneously, if the saturation degree of solution is the function of other character of temperature, solute concentration and aluminate solution, phase-contact surface then depends on the granularmetric composition of aluminium hydroxide so.Therefore, the specific surface value by hydraulic classiciation adjusting aluminium hydroxide is one of basic skills of control course of dissolution.

Under the given granularity of the commodity product of making, the maximum recovery of the aluminate solution of aluminium hydroxide will be a foundation of judging the optimal dissolution process.The grader of manufacturing equipment-have high workload efficient is the problem of aluminium hydroxide hydraulic classiciation.

With aluminium hydroxide concentration and with the equipment-hydraulic classifier of time stage is known (H.N.EpeMNH N RP. " Π pouecbl N annapaTbl runHo-з eMHoro Π poN з BOR(TBa ", 1980, MeTauuyprNa(MockBa), C.287-288).This equipment is a hydrostatic column that has lid and conical lower portion.The open-angle of conical lower portion is 30 °.The feed tube of band distributor is housed covering of equipment.Cylinder top has the drain tank of the thin level of output aluminium hydroxide.The cone of equipment is provided with the coarsely graded discharge duct of confession discharging aluminium hydroxide suspension of making the water seal form.And the evacuation tube of hydraulic classifier.

Raw aluminum hydroxide suspension is supplied with hydroseparator continuously through the feed tube.The turbulent flow of suspension is weakened and discharge air.Be separated in the cross section of the exit of feed tube suspension, and under the gravity effect, be divided into grade along equipment.Coarse fraction with big sinking speed arrives at the tapering part of equipment very soon.This grade is intensive herein, and this moment, the liquid phase of suspension was upwards discharged.The latter has formed the liquid stream that rises, and this liquid stream helps classification, upwards carries fine grained aluminium hydroxide.Therefore, formed two bursts of materials flows in this equipment: what make progress is full of fine-graded stream of aluminium hydroxide and the downward coarsely graded stream of aluminium hydroxide.The latter discharges from equipment from the water sealing (sealing water) pipe that the suspended substance in the middle part of the hydroseparator enters wherein through preventing.When flowing into drain tank and processing more afterwards, the suspension of being made of fine fraction from equipment, discharges.

The structure of this equipment can not guarantee in crystallization process to stablizing the necessary crystalline aluminum hydroxide grade of its granularmetric composition.Because the skewness of the suspension flow in the device space produces the local liquid that helps aluminum hydroxide particles is mixed and flows.Making the equipment of aluminate solution evaporation and crystallization classification is known (SU, A, 180173).

This equipment is circular cone-cylindrical and conic lid is housed.It is equipped with and infeeds material solution, removes formed aqueous vapor, discharges the pipe of settled solution and crystalliferous suspension.The sleeve that sediment district and solution helical flow distinguish.On the pipe top, be provided with a leaf cap.

With the material solution input pipe period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the boiling solution when occurring in step-down in equipment mixes with cooling suspension.Because the circulation of suspension has formed some zones in the device space.The leaf cap makes to have in sleeve from the suspension in the pipe and rotatablely moves.

Rotatable suspension material in the sleeve exit passes to rotation the remaining suspension liquid part in the middle part of equipment.The crystal grain that forms under vigorous agitation is precipitated to the tapered segment of equipment.They are intensive here, upwards drain the liquid phase that has small grains at the equipment middle part, and here in stirring grain growth, sedimentation downwards then down.Flowing of solution do not take place herein for precipitation suspension usefulness in the top of equipment, can not make particles settling go into zone line yet.

From equipment, draw clear liquid through superposed pipe, and discharge the suspension of crystallized product through the pipe that is positioned at tapered segment.The aqueous vapor that forms when reducing pressure is discharged from equipment through top cover.

Although in equipment, formed the orderly motion that helps to evaporate with the suspension of crystallization, owing to separate the crisscross motion of phase, do not reach height by size separation particle wherein.

Selected solid material or be known (FR, A, 2511894) by the equipment that size is carried out accurate sorting particle.

This equipment is the vertical type cylinder of a variable cross section, a gang punch horizontal sheet wherein is set and carry the device of the suspension of handling and cleaning liquid.The efferent duct of enrichment fine fraction suspension is arranged on the upwards part of expansion, and the coarse grain efferent duct is arranged on the bottom of equipment.This equipment also has the vibrative device of material in the device space of making.

Pending suspension is through in the suspension feedway input equipment.Suspension enters the active region of a gang punch horizontal sheet, is subjected to the vibration liquid stream effect of upwards flowing by sheet hole.At this moment, the contraction that occupies the vibration stream of position in sheet hole helps the classification of particle.Classification is improved, and because repeatedly repetitive operation, has improved on perforated sheet the separation by grade.Coarse fraction (its size is determined by the rising flow stream velocity) descends through sheet hole and is discharged by the equipment conus portion.Fine fraction changes the upwards expansion of equipment over to and discharges through discharge pipe.

Perforated sheet in the equipment significantly increases fluid resistance, thereby has reduced production efficiency.In addition, when the crystallized product classification, the aluminium hydroxide suspension in the alkali aluminate soln is exactly this product, will cover with crystallization on the perforated sheet.For classification satisfactorily in this equipment, must consume big energy and a large amount of cleaning fluid for producing vibration.

Task of the present invention is to build a kind of equipment that is used for the suspension classification, and comprising such attachment device is arranged, these devices can guarantee to make and wherein contain the fine-graded commodity product of minimum flow.

Being proposed of task is to solve like this, according to the present invention, a kind of equipment that is used for the suspension classification comprises a combination housing, this housing have go up, in and the bottom, the grade efferent duct of the separation of suspension is housed, treating material input unit that places housing top and along the air lift setting of housing axis and that communicate with each other with its underpart and top, this equipment is equipped with a cell that is positioned at housing top, and this chamber communicates with the upper end of air lift and communicates with lower part of frame by pipe.

The existence of the cell that communicates in its upper side and air lift upper end and communicate with the equipment bottom by pipe can cause the stirring of the suspension of equipment tapered segment.Simultaneously, the coarse fraction precipitation that rises to its upper side not with the device space in the particle of suspension mix mutually, this has just improved the branch stage of material in the equipment.

The sediment deposition (scabbing) of conical base and device for discharging when in addition, the material in the agitating equipment bottom can prevent to handle oversaturated crust solution.

Be preferably, make the pipe lower end that the device that changes the suspension flow direction is housed.

Be different to the centrifugal force that particles of different sizes produces this moment, and this has just changed the movement locus of these particles.This helps particle to grade into uniform size.

The device that changes the suspension flow direction can be made the diffuser form.

At this moment, the expansion of the suspension flow in diffuser exit makes its speed reduce also thereby reduce the sinking distance of suspension.The latter is the particle in the agitating equipment and reduce and divide a stage tempestuously.

Be preferably the device that changes the liquid flow path direction is made the cone-shaped reflector form that expands to lower housing portion.The existence of cone-shaped reflector has absorbed the energy of sinking suspension flow fully and the volume of this energy even ground along equipment has been distributed.The device that has the additive air lift that housing middle part and top are communicated can be set.

This this air lift can gather by the particle that particle is repeatedly circulated through the certain size of the zones of different abatement apparatus mid portion of equipment.Be preferably, at least one additive air lift is arranged on hull outside.

At least an additive air lift can be arranged in the housing, and its upper end communicates with the material to be processed input unit.

The existence of the air lift that is communicated with the material to be processed input unit can be by repeatedly circulating suspension through the material to be processed input unit, and the suspension of equipment mid portion is carried out repeatedly sorting again.In addition, improved the general layout of equipment.

According to the present invention, more advantageously load onto a cell around lower housing portion to equipment, lower housing portion has a seam formula outlet in housing, this chamber is separated into some unit simultaneously, each unit has the pipe of supplying with treat liquid, and the plane of seam formula outlet is provided with the reflector of this liquid stream.

Such structure can reach maximum classification.

Below by specific embodiments and the drawings explanation the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 represents the vertical section according to suspension classifying equipoment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the vertical section according to the another embodiment of the suspension classifying equipoment that has an additive air lift of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the cross section according to the annular chamber of present device;

Fig. 4 is the cross section according to the present device bottom,

This equipment has combination cylinder-conical shell, and this housing has top 1(Fig. 1), middle part 2 and bottom 3.The suspension efferent duct 5 that has material to be processed input unit 4 and enrichment fine fraction deposition on the top 1 of apparatus casing.

Material to be processed input unit 4 communicates with raw material supplying pipe 6, and pipe 6 is connected with receiving chamber 7 and sleeve 8, and sleeve 8 and receiving chamber are rigidly connected and the diffuser 9 in 2 in the middle part of the lower end has the equipment that is arranged on.

Center line along equipment is provided with air lift 10, and it and lower part of frame 3 and top 1 communicate with each other.

Establish chamber cell 11 in top 1, this chamber communicates with the upper end of air lift 10 and links to each other with lower part of frame 3 by pipe 12.In the lower end of pipe 12 device that changes in the suspension flow direction is set, this device is made the form of diffuser 13.Diffuser 13 is arranged on the zone between the lower end of diffuser 9 and air lift 10.

In bottom 3, has enrichment coarse fraction suspension efferent duct 14.

Two additive air lifts 15 that communicate with each other with middle part 2 and top 1 are housed in equipment.And the upper end of additive air lift 15 is stretched in the receiving chamber 7.

Fig. 2 illustrates the another embodiment according to suspension classifying equipoment of the present invention.This equipment has the main structural components as equipment among Fig. 1.

It has combination cylinder-conical shell, and this housing has top 16, middle part 17 and bottom 18.Top 16 is cylindrical for conical butt middle part 17.The suspension efferent duct 20 that material to be processed input unit 19 and enrichment fine fraction precipitation is arranged on the top 16 of equipment.Material to be processed input unit 19 communicates with stock suspension supply pipe 21, and this pipe links to each other with feed sleeve 22, and this sleeve has circular cone end face plug 23 and suspension to discharge window 24 in the bottom.The lower end of feed sleeve 22 also has buffering bell jar 25, and this bell jar is made of cylindrical shroud 26 and perforation circular cone 27.

Center line along equipment is provided with the air lift 28 that communicates with each other with equipment bottom 18 and top 16.Simultaneously 16 cell 29 is set on top, this chamber communicates with the upper end of air lift 28 and communicates with the bottom by managing 30.

The device that changes the liquid flow path direction is equipped with in the lower end of pipe 30, and this device is made the form of conical reflector 31 and expanded to lower housing portion 18.

This equipment has two additive air lifts 32 that connect housing middle part 17 and top 16 at least.

According to the present invention program's equipment cell 33(Fig. 3 around lower housing portion 18 is housed).And chamber 33 is separated into some unit 35 by dividing plate 34, and each unit has treat liquid supply pipe 36.

In addition, chamber 33(Fig. 4) have seam formula outlet 37 in enclosure interior, this outlet is made up of bottom 38 and cylindrical shroud 39.The reflector 40 of this liquid stream is set on the plane of seam formula outlet 37, and this reflector is made the downward conical butt in for example big bottom surface.

18 have enrichment coarse fraction suspension efferent duct 41(Fig. 2 in the bottom).

According to suspension classifying equipoment of the present invention, (Fig. 1) as follows works.

Stock suspension enters sleeve 8 then via pipe 6 input receiving chambers 7.Suspension flows downward along sleeve 8, changes its direction in the exit of diffuser 9.Suspension flow is punished into two parts at this.The edge that a part of liquid stream is walked around diffuser 9 upwards enters the active region of additive air lift 15.Air lift 15 is intercepted and captured the coarse granule of suspension and is upwards focused in the receiving chamber 7.Under the situation that this part suspension is repeatedly circulated, suspending liquid in enrichment coarse granule, these coarse granules are deposited to the bottom 3 of equipment gradually.

Another part suspension flow of coarse granule enrichment is deposited to bottom 3 in diffuser 9 exits.Suspension upwards focuses in the chamber 11 behind the active region that enters air lift 10, from flowing downward along pipe 12 after it and the air separation here.

Diffuser 13 helps acutely to change the direction of suspension flow.Under centrifugal action, the coarse granule amount in the suspension flow of rising reduces, and in the liquid stream that descends, the coarse granule amount in the suspension increases.The latter discharges from equipment through pipe 14 as the product that has made.

Flow to liquid stream active region from the rising liquid of diffuser 13 into diffuser 9.At this moment, the downward sedimentation of coarse granule, and the thinnest particle upwards enters air lift 15, coarse granule attracted to the closed circuit of air lift 15 here once more, stand sorting again, and the fine grained of suspension is raised to its upper side and discharge from equipment via pipe 5.

Seemingly aforesaid way work of equipment class shown in Figure 2, but have outstanding characteristics.

Stock suspension enters sleeve 19 via pipe 21 and flows downward, and changes the liquid flow path direction tempestuously under interacting with circular cone end face plug 23.Suspension enters in the buffering bell jar 25 via window 24.Suspension flow is turned back from cylindrical shroud 26, is divided into the two strands of liquid streams that rise and descend.One liquid stream is by perforation housing 27 and have the characteristics of laminar flow at this moment, to rising and discharging from equipment via pipe 20.The suspension of coarse granule enrichment enters equipment middle part 17, thereby carries out the preliminary classification of suspension in material to be processed input unit 19.

The speed of rising suspension flow has significant role to the stock grading degree in the equipment middle part 17, and this speed transfers to 1.5 * 10 by the additive air lift ^-3-3.0 * 10 ^-3In the meter per second scope.

Suspension from the coarse granule enrichment at middle part 17 enters bottom 18, and is at this that it is dense.Air lift 28 obtains dense suspension and it is sent in the chamber 29, with air separation after flow into equipment bottoms 18 along pipe 30 therefrom.In pipe 30 exits, suspension flow acutely changes its direction under interacting with conical reflector 31.Under centrifugal action, carry out simultaneously the additional gradation of suspension by size.

Contain a large amount of fine grain suspension and rise to middle part 17, then access arrangement top 16 and discharge via pipe 20.

The particle that falls into the suspension of bottom 18 enters the undercurrent active region of treat liquid, from seam formula outlet 37(Fig. 3 of each unit 35 of doughnut 33) discharge.Simultaneously, chamber 33 being divided into some unit 35 helps more equably with the perimeter distribution of treat liquid along seam formula outlet 37.Treatment fluid is flowed through and is entered each unit by pipe 36.

With processing liquid handling suspension the time, realize that suspended particulate carries out effective classification by size.

Treatment fluid stream is held back the thinnest particle and is upwards concentrated with reflector 40 interaction backs, has stood to rearrange repeatedly on the middle part 17 and the top 16 of equipment, contains the coarse grained suspension of maximum and discharges from equipment via pipe 41.

Be used for carefully the loosing classification of material of the another kind of scheme of the equipment that is proposed among Fig. 2 is more desirable.

The configuration air lift has improved the structure of equipment in equipment.

This equipment has high production efficiency to stock suspension and guarantees to obtain containing and is lower than 40% commodity aluminium hydroxide less than 40 micron particles.

Claims (8)

1, the equipment that is used for the suspension classification, this equipment comprise having top (1,16), the housing at middle part (2,17) and bottom (3,18), this housing is equipped with the grade efferent duct (5,14,20 of the separation of suspension, 41), be arranged on material to be processed input unit (4 in the housing top (1,16), 19) and air lift (10,28), air lift along the setting of housing axis and and bottom (3,18) and top (1,16) communicate with each other, it is characterized in that, this equipment is equipped with and is arranged on housing top (1,16) cell (11,29), the upper end of cell and air lift (10,28) communicates and passes through pipe (12,30) join with lower housing portion (3,18).

According to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the device that changes the suspension flow direction is equipped with in the lower end of pipe (12,30).

According to the equipment of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, the device that changes the suspension flow direction is made the form of diffuser (13).

According to the equipment of claim 2, it is characterized in that 4, the device that changes the suspension flow direction is made the form of conical reflector (31), this cover expands in the zone of lower housing portion (3,18).

5, according to each equipment among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that this equipment is equipped with an additive air lift (15) at least, it and housing middle part (2,17) and top (1,16) communicate.

According to the equipment of claim 5, it is characterized in that 6, at least one additive air lift (32) is arranged on hull outside.

According to the equipment of claim 5, it is characterized in that 7, at least one additive air lift (15) is arranged on enclosure interior and its upper end communicates with material to be processed input unit (4).

8, according to each equipment among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, this equipment is equipped with cell (33), this chamber is around lower housing portion (18) and have seam formula outlet (37) in housing, and cell is separated into some unit (35), each unit has treat liquid supply pipe (36), and the plane of seam formula outlet is provided with the reflector (40) of liquid stream.

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