CN105337012B - A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer - Google Patents
A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105337012B CN105337012B CN201510643111.9A CN201510643111A CN105337012B CN 105337012 B CN105337012 B CN 105337012B CN 201510643111 A CN201510643111 A CN 201510643111A CN 105337012 B CN105337012 B CN 105337012B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/085—Coaxial-line/strip-line transitions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double frequency couplers based on stepped impedance transformer, including two groups of double frequency impedance transformers, every group of double frequency impedance transformer includes two double frequency impedance transformers, this four double frequency impedance transformers are alternately arranged by grouping difference and are sequentially connected from head to tail to form cyclic structure, port is drawn from the junction of this four double frequency impedance transformers simultaneously, so as to fulfill double frequency coupler；Wherein, the double frequency impedance transformer is made of symmetric form three-section type stepped impedance transmission line, the coupler of the present invention not only solves double frequency coupler and realizes that structure size is larger, the problem of bandwidth of operation is relatively narrow, microstrip line can be used simultaneously, the planar transmission lines such as strip line form realizes that cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave double frequency couplers, belong to multi-frequency microwave coupler field.
Background technology
At present, the implementation of microwave double frequency coupler generally has following several：
1. the designing scheme of the converter with double-frequency based on composite right/left-handed transmission line.Such scheme is based on lumped parameter
Transmission line analogy, load lumped capacity on the transmission line, and inductance builds left hand transmission line, and it is normal to generate equivalent negative dielectric
Number and negative magnetoconductivity.Due to there is inevitably parasitic right hand effect, thus such transmission line has left hand and right-handed transmission
Characteristic.Double frequency impedance transformer is constructed using the controllable dispersion and negative electricity length characteristic of this transmission line.
2. the designing scheme of the double frequency impedance transformer based on loading minor matters line.Such scheme lays particular emphasis on the various loadings of design
Minor matters cable architecture, the representative are Τ types either Π types or Γ types or E types structure and its improved structure or be plus
Carry stepped minor matters line, short-circuit coupling line etc..Since the design of loading minor matters cable architecture is varied so that double frequency coupler
Way of realization is very flexible, is used widely.
3. the designing scheme based on coupled resonators structure.This scheme is that traditional quarter-wave transmission line is equivalent
Impedance or the admittance inverter of parallel resonator are connected for both ends so that the double frequency coupler of design has certain bandpass filtering
Characteristic.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is provided one kind and is become based on stepped impedance
The double frequency coupler of parallel operation, the coupler not only solve double frequency coupler and realize that structure size is larger, and bandwidth of operation is relatively narrow
Problem, while the planar transmission lines such as microstrip line, strip line form can be used to realize, cost is relatively low.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer, including first, second group of double frequency impedance transformer,
One group of double frequency impedance transformer includes two the first double frequency impedance transformers, and second group of double frequency impedance transformer includes two second
Double frequency impedance transformer, the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer are alternately arranged and successively by grouping difference
Head and the tail connection forms cyclic structure, while is drawn from the junction of the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer
Port, so as to fulfill double frequency coupler；Wherein, the first double frequency impedance transformer include two first pair of impedance transmission lines and
Second pair of impedance transmission lines, the both ends that first pair of impedance transmission lines are set to second pair of impedance transmission lines form symmetric form three
Section formula stepped impedance transmission line；The second double frequency impedance transformer includes the double impedance transmission lines of third and the 4th pair of impedance transfer
Line, the both ends that the double impedance transmission lines of the third are set to the 4th pair of impedance transmission lines form symmetric form three-section type stepped impedance biography
Defeated line.
Preferably：The first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer be alternately arranged by grouping difference and
It is sequentially connected from head to tail to form cyclic annular square structure.
Preferably：K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of the first double frequency impedance transformer；Described
K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of two double frequency impedance transformers.
Preferably：The parameter of the double frequency impedance transformer：
Wherein, θf1,θf2It is transmission line respectively in frequency f1,f2The electrical length at place, and θf2/θf1=f2/f1=m, m are work
Frequency ratio, r=Z2/Z1, Z1,θ1It is characteristic impedance and the electrical length of the impedance transmission lines at both ends, Z2,θ2It is intermediate impedance transfer
The characteristic impedance of line and electrical length, ZTIt is the impedance value of K converters.
Preferably：Frequency ratio between two groups of double frequency impedance transformers is 5.2, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line of one of which
45.2 Ω, 27.7 Ω, corresponding electrical length 29.0deg@1.0GHz, 29.0deg@1.0GHz；The feature resistance of another group of transmission line
Anti- 64.0 Ω, 39.1 Ω, corresponding electrical length 29.0deg@1.0GHz, 29.0deg@1.0GHz；The characteristic impedance 50 of the port of export
Ω。
A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer provided by the invention, compared with prior art, have with
Lower advantageous effect：
(1) the present invention can realize double frequency coupler, and its structure novel；
(2) structure of double frequencies coupler is simple, and overall dimensions are smaller, is conducive to the Integrated design of circuit；
(3) matching at two frequency points of is good, and insertion loss is relatively low, and isolation is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 conventional orthogonal 3dB directional coupling structure figures.
The structure chart of the single-frequency impedance transformer of Fig. 2 classics.
The structure chart of Fig. 3 double frequency stepped impedance code converters.
Double frequency coupler structure figure s of the Fig. 4 based on stepped impedance code converter
The insertion loss (S21, S31) of Fig. 5 double frequencies coupler (frequency ratio 5.2) and return loss (S11) curve graph
The phase curve figure of the insertion loss (S21, S31) of Fig. 6 double frequencies coupler (frequency ratio 5.2)
Isolation (S41) curve graph of Fig. 7 double frequencies coupler (frequency ratio 5.2).
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer, as shown in figure 4, being hindered including first, second group of double frequency
Resistance parallel operation, first group of double frequency impedance transformer include two the first double frequency impedance transformers, second group of double frequency impedance transformer
Including two the second double frequency impedance transformers, the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer press grouping not
It is same to be alternately arranged and be sequentially connected from head to tail to form cyclic annular square structure, while hindered from the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency
Draw port (P in the junction of resistance parallel operation1, P2, P3, P4), so as to fulfill double frequency coupler；Wherein, as shown in figure 3, described
One double frequency impedance transformer includes two first pair of impedance transmission lines and second pair of impedance transmission lines, first pair of impedance transfer
The both ends that line is set to second pair of impedance transmission lines form symmetric form three-section type stepped impedance transmission line；The second double frequency impedance
Converter includes the double impedance transmission lines of third and the 4th pair of impedance transmission lines, and the double impedance transmission lines of the third are set to the 4th pair
The both ends of impedance transmission lines form symmetric form three-section type stepped impedance transmission line.
K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of the first double frequency impedance transformer；Second double frequency
K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of impedance transformer.
Fig. 1 gives conventional orthogonal 3dB directional coupling structure figures.Wherein, impedance transformer is as shown in Fig. 2, be design
Core, impedance mapping function should be met, the matching of each port Impedance is realized, subtract low power reflection loss, also to meet
Phase offset function realizes the orthogonality of straight-through arm and coupling arm signal.Its network characteristic can be represented with matrix parameter.
Its abcd matrix is：
Wherein, ZTIt is the impedance value of K converters, j is imaginary unit, and A is the transmission matrix of K converters.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of double frequency K impedance transformers.Double frequency impedance transformer saves stepped impedance transmission line by symmetric form three
Form, K impedance transformers can be equivalent at two Frequency points, you can by Fig. 3 structures and original K converters etc.
Effect relationship is analyzed.
Wherein, Z1,θ1It is characteristic impedance and the electrical length of the impedance transmission lines at both ends, Z2,θ2It is intermediate impedance transmission lines
Characteristic impedance and electrical length, AtFor the transmission matrix of Fig. 3 structures, A1,B1,C1,D1For transmission matrix element.
θ can be enabled to simplify the analysis1=θ2, r=Z2/Z1, in view of in two Frequency point f1,f2=mf1Place, two matrix parameters
Equal i.e. A1=At, below equation can be obtained through deriving：
Wherein, θf1,θf2It is transmission line respectively in frequency f1,f2The electrical length at place, and θf2/θf1=f2/f1=m, m are work
Frequency ratio.
It is respectively the double frequency coupler of 1GHz and 5.2GHz (frequency ratio is 5.2) for two working frequencies, structure such as Fig. 4
It is shown, (4) formula is solved by numerical analysis, so as to work as Z to obtainTSuitable stepped impedance type becomes when=50 Ω, 35.35 Ω
The electrical length of parallel operation structure and characteristic impedance parameter, the characteristic impedance of each transmission line finally obtained and electrical length parameter such as following table
It is shown：
| z1(Ω) | 45.2 | θ3(deg@1.0GHz) | 29.0 |
| z2(Ω) | 27.7 | θ2(deg@1.0GHz) | 29.0 |
| z3(Ω) | 64.0 | θ3(deg@1.0GHz) | 29.0 |
| z4(Ω) | 39.1 | θ4(deg@1.0GHz) | 29.0 |
| z0(Ω) | 50 |
Wherein, z0It is the impedance of port.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 characterizes the performance curve emulated to the double frequency coupler that frequency ratio is 5.2 that works, and wherein S11 is bent
Line is 1 coverage diagram of port, S21 and S31 curves are straight-through characteristic curve and coupling characteristic, and S32 is isolation curve.
The corresponding S parameter of two frequency bins is：
f1=1.0GHz, | S11|=- 52.8dB, | S21|=| S31|=- 3.0dB, | S41|=- 52.8dB, ∠ S21-∠S31
=90 °
f2=5.2GHz, | S11|=- 41.7dB, | S21|=| S31|=- 3.0dB, | S41|=- 41.7dB, ∠ S21-∠S31
=90 °
The present invention saves stepped impedance transmission line using symmetric form three and forms double frequency impedance transformer, double frequency impedance transformation
Device should to realize each port Impedance matching at two working frequency points, subtract low power reflection loss, meet phase again
Offset functions realize the orthogonality for leading directly to arm and coupling arm signal so as to fulfill double frequency 3dB directional couplers.The double frequency coupler
Circuit structure it is simple, for working frequency than adjustable, overall dimensions are smaller, due to not loading the resonant elements such as any minor matters line,
Thus bandwidth of operation is wider, the planar transmission lines such as microstrip line, strip line form can be used to realize, cost is relatively low.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer, it is characterised in that：Including first, second group of double frequency impedance
Converter, first group of double frequency impedance transformer include two the first double frequency impedance transformers, second group of double frequency impedance transformer packet
Two the second double frequency impedance transformers, the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer are included by the different alternatings of grouping
It arranges and is sequentially connected from head to tail to form cyclic structure, while from the first double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer
Port is drawn in junction, so as to fulfill double frequency coupler；Wherein, the first double frequency impedance transformer includes two first pair of resistances
Anti- transmission line and second pair of impedance transmission lines, first pair of impedance transmission lines are set to the both ends shape of second pair of impedance transmission lines
Into symmetric form three-section type stepped impedance transmission line；The second double frequency impedance transformer includes the double impedance transmission lines and the 4th of third
Double impedance transmission lines, the both ends that the double impedance transmission lines of the third are set to the 4th pair of impedance transmission lines form symmetric form three-section type
Stepped impedance transmission line；
K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of the first double frequency impedance transformer；The second double frequency impedance
K impedance transformers are equivalent at two Frequency points of converter；
The parameter of double frequency impedance transformer：
Wherein, θf1,θf2It is transmission line respectively in frequency f1,f2The electrical length at place, and θf2/θf1=f2/f1=m, m are working frequency
Than r=Z2/Z1, Z1,θ1It is characteristic impedance and the electrical length of the impedance transmission lines at both ends, Z2,θ2It is intermediate impedance transmission lines
Characteristic impedance and electrical length, ZTIt is the impedance value of K converters.
2. the double frequency coupler according to claim 1 based on stepped impedance transformer, it is characterised in that：Described first
Double frequency impedance transformer and the second double frequency impedance transformer are alternately arranged by grouping difference and are sequentially connected from head to tail to form ring-type side
Shape structure.
3. the double frequency coupler according to claim 1 based on stepped impedance transformer, it is characterised in that：Two groups of double frequencies
Frequency ratio between impedance transformer is 5.2,45.2 Ω of characteristic impedance, 27.7 Ω of the transmission line of one of which, corresponding electricity
Length 29.0deg@1.0GHz, 29.0deg@1.0GHz；64.0 Ω of characteristic impedance, 39.1 Ω of another group of transmission line, it is corresponding
Electrical length 29.0deg@1.0GHz, 29.0deg@1.0GHz；50 Ω of characteristic impedance of the port of export.
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| CN201510643111.9A CN105337012B (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer |
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| CN201510643111.9A CN105337012B (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | A kind of double frequency coupler based on stepped impedance transformer |
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| CN107819176B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2021-09-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Broadband dual-frequency coupler |
| CN110034749B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-12-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Large-frequency-ratio double-frequency phase shifter with respectively controllable phase shift amount |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103904398A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Small hybrid ring with smoothing function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904398A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Small hybrid ring with smoothing function |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "Miniaturised dual-band rat-race coupler based on double-sided parallel stripline";G.-Q. Liu 等;《ELECTRONICS LETTERS》;20110707;第47卷(第14期);第1-2页 * |
| "Miniaturization of Rat-Race Coupler With Dual-Band Arbitrary Power Divisions Based on Stepped-Impedance Double-Sided Parallel-Strip Line";Lin-Sheng Wu 等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS, PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY》;20121203;第2卷(第12期);第2017-2030页 * |
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