CN105332678B - A kind of method of huff and puff - Google Patents

A kind of method of huff and puff Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105332678B
CN105332678B CN201410367627.0A CN201410367627A CN105332678B CN 105332678 B CN105332678 B CN 105332678B CN 201410367627 A CN201410367627 A CN 201410367627A CN 105332678 B CN105332678 B CN 105332678B
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group
fracturing
fracturing fracture
well
production
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CN105332678A (en
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高慧梅
孙红军
谭学群
马安来
邱茂君
张俊法
廉培庆
张诗洋
杜秀娟
高敏
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of methods of huff and puff.This method can improve the huff and puff effect of multistage fracturing horizontal well, it is according to block geological research achievement and fractured horizontal well crack location, pass through technological measure, fracturing fracture is divided into two groups, one group of carry out huff and puff, another group is produced, and forms the new development scheme that existing displacement effect in reservoir has the effect of handling up again, to reach the interaction reinforced between matrix crude oil and institute's gas injection body, the purpose of gas injection recovery ratio is improved.This method has good directive function to hypotonic ultralow permeable reservoir multistage fracturing horizontal well supplement energy.

Description

A kind of method of huff and puff
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petroleum extraction, are related to a kind of method of huff and puff.
Background technique
As energy demand rises year by year, oil price continues run at high level in recent years.In order to meet the needs of whole world is to the energy, Using multistage fracturing horizontal well, many hypotonic Oil in Super-low Permeability oil-gas reservoirs put into exploitation, such as China Ordos Basin Red River in succession Oil field, Canadian Bradley assistant oil field (Brazeau) etc..
In general, multistage fracturing horizontal well increases the control reserve of individual well, the filtrational resistance of near wellbore zone is reduced, To improve block development effectiveness.According to American Experience, the average daily yield of multistage fracturing horizontal well and ultimate cumulative recovery are straight wells 5-7 times, production rate is 10 times of straight well, and cost is only 3-4 times of straight well.
But according to the experience in China oil field, hypotonic extra-low permeability oil reservoirs are exploited using multistage fracturing horizontal well failure Along with the problems such as yield decline is fast, energy decline is fast, needs to take effective measures and supplement stratum energy.
For extra-low permeability oil reservoirs, shipwreck is to be efficiently injected into, gas injection (especially note CO2) it is the main of supplement energy Means.But for the low permeability reservoir using multistage fracturing horizontal well development, CO2The well pattern of drive is difficult to dispose, and due to pressure Crack is too many, causes has channeling serious, development effectiveness is poor;Individual well CO2Also there is more application at the scene of handling up, since oil reservoir permeates Rate is too low, CO2It is difficult to enter oil deposit deep part, is unable to fully contact with crude oil, causes the oil draining rate handled up lower, field application warp Benefit of helping is poor.For these problems, never preferable solution at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of side of huff and puff Fracturing fracture is divided into according to block geological research achievement and fractured horizontal well crack location by technological measure by method, this method Two groups, one group of carry out gas is handled up, and another group is produced, and form existing displacement effect in reservoir has the new of the effect of handling up again Development scheme improves gas injection recovery ratio to reinforce matrix crude oil and gas interaction, improves multistage fracturing horizontal well gas-injection Throughput prediction.This method has good directive function to hypotonic ultralow permeable reservoir multistage fracturing horizontal well supplement energy.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of methods of huff and puff comprising:
The fracturing fracture of a well is divided into two groups by step A;
Step B sets failure production fracturing fracture group for any one group of fracturing fracture, accordingly by another group of fracturing fracture It is set as fracturing fracture group of handling up.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step, all fracturing fractures of a well are divided into two Group.
According to the present invention, the well is multistage fracturing horizontal well, and the fracturing fracture is distributed in the level of horizontal well Section.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is directed to the spy of low-permeability oil deposit and multistage fracturing horizontal well Property, the method that displacement and two kinds of development schemes of handling up combine is realized using a bite multistage fracturing horizontal well, so that institute's gas injection body Oil deposit deep part can be entered, the interaction between matrix crude oil and institute's gas injection body is strengthened, which thereby enhance gas injection recovery ratio.Institute The characteristic for stating multistage fracturing horizontal well refers to its characteristic with a plurality of artificial fracturing crack.
According to the present invention, a well includes at least a sand body.
In one embodiment of the invention, if there is 2 fracturing fractures in a sand body, two cracks adhere to two groups separately.
In another embodiment of the present invention, if fracturing fracture is greater than 2 in a sand body, fracturing fracture interval point Belong to two groups.
In another embodiment of the present invention, if an only fracturing fracture in a sand body, which, which returns, appoints It anticipates one group.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, according to reservoir fine geological research achievement, all pressure breaks are split Seam is divided into two groups, if there is two fracturing fractures in a sand body, two cracks will adhere to two groups separately;If pressure break is split in a sand body Seam is greater than 2, then fracturing fracture interval is grouped;It is attributed to only having a fracturing fracture in sand body in same group.Also, it will be any One group of fracturing fracture is set as failure production, and another group of fracturing fracture is set as fracturing fracture of handling up.
In the actual production process, it is generally the case that first produced by natural energy, be then supplemented energy, gas injection or Water.Such as in the specific embodiment of the present invention, if a well has a sand body, and there is one in the sand body Fracturing fracture is generally first arranged the fracturing fracture and carries out failure production, after failure produces a period of time, then the fracturing fracture is arranged Carry out production of handling up.
Heretofore described term " reservoir fine geological research achievement ", which refers to, can determine two cracks according to research achievement Whether it is located in same sand body.According to geological research, if connectivity of two cracks in same sand body, between them All right, a crack gas injection can play the role of displacement to another crack.If just do not had in same sand body Displacement effect.
According to the present invention, the method also includes step C after stepb, set the operation for fracturing fracture group of handling up Parameter, the operating parameter include gas injection rate, gas injection rate, stewing well time, production stream pressure and handle up the period.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it handles up reservoir engineering optimization method according to gas, setting is handled up pressure The other optimal gas injection rate of crack group, optimal gas injection rate, most preferably stewing well time, optimal production stream are pressed and are handled up Period.
Heretofore described gas includes CO2, pure CH4, rich gas, lean gas, N2Deng.In actual production process, each oil reservoir is suitable The gas of conjunction may be different, below with CO2For illustrate the present invention.
According to the present invention, in step C, failure production fracturing fracture group is in failure mining state, and raw in failure After the gas-oil ratio in production crack is greater than 3000, this group of crack switchs to production of handling up.All slits production method is to handle up at this time, this Sample is handled up while being produced simultaneously, can be to avoid has channeling.
It in a preferred embodiment of the invention, after step c include considering the pressure-sensitive progress failure exploitation of reservoir The manufacturing parameter of fracturing fracture group optimizes, and the manufacturing parameter includes production miscarriage pressure and liquid (You Heshui) amount.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, according to CO2Reservoir engineering of handling up optimization method designs pressure break of handling up The other best injection rate of crack group, best injection rate, most preferably stewing well time, optimal production stream are pressed and are handled up the period.Excellent Change design CO2When note of handling up adopts parameter, another group of fracturing fracture is in failure mining state, the gas-oil ratio in failure production crack After 3000, this group of crack switchs to production of handling up.All slits production method is to handle up at this time.In CO2Note of handling up adopts ginseng After the completion of number design, the other manufacturing parameter optimization of the pressure-sensitive progress failure exploitation fracturing fracture group of reservoir is considered.
According to the individual well CO of above-mentioned formation2Design method is spat in drive, using numerical simulation technology, predicts work area development index, And economic evaluation is carried out on this basis.
Heretofore described term " sand body " is also known as sand body, refers to due to variation of lithological, some higher sand of permeability Rock stratum is separated into several mutually disconnected independent layer of sand individuals by the low rock stratum of other permeabilities.The sand body of oil-containing is then known as Oil sand body (oil sandbody).In lithological pool, oil sand body is the minimum oil-containing unit of oilbearing stratum, and control oil, The most basic unit of water sport.
Heretofore described term " displacement " refers to the process of with injection gas drive oil.
Heretofore described term " handling up ", which refers to, first infuses a certain amount of gas to oil well, and closing well for a period of time, then drives a well Production.
Heretofore described term " drive is spat " refers to one group of crack failure production, and one group of crack is handled up production.
Heretofore described term " single well stimulation ", which refers to, first infuses a certain amount of gas to individual well (i.e. all slits), then Closing well for a period of time, then opening well and making production.
Heretofore described term " individual well drive is spat " refers to that one group of crack is produced by failure mode always, and another group of crack is first A certain amount of gas is infused, is then shut off a period of time, then open production.
Heretofore described term " failure mining state " refers to and is exploited by natural energy.
The present invention states term " remaining oil saturation " and refers to pore volume shared by remaining oil in the pore volume of unit rock stratum Percentage.
The present invention state term " remaining oil saturation is spat in drive " refer to carry out drive spit production after, in the pore volume of unit rock stratum remain The percentage of pore volume shared by excess oil.
The present invention states after term " remaining oil saturation of handling up " refers to and handle up production, remains in the pore volume of unit rock stratum The percentage of pore volume shared by excess oil.
The present invention states term " stream pressure " and is also flowing pressure or bottom pressure, refers to that oily (gas) well is being surveyed during normal production The pressure in the middle part of oil (gas) layer obtained.
The present invention states term " lean gas " and " rich gas " is by for hydrocarbon component classification in natural gas.For from gas well well Mouthful extraction, or for the natural gas isolated by petroleum-gas fiedl mining site separator;Lean gas refers to more than propane (C in every side's gas3) Hydro carbons is less than the natural gas of 100mL based on liquid;Rich gas refers to more than propane (C in every side's gas3) hydro carbons is greater than based on liquid The natural gas of 100mL.
For extra-low permeability oil reservoirs, shipwreck is to be efficiently injected into, gas injection (especially note CO2) it is supplement The main means of energy.But for the low permeability reservoir using multistage fracturing horizontal well development, CO2The well pattern of drive is difficult to portion Administration, and since fracturing fracture is too many, cause has channeling serious, development effectiveness is poor;Individual well CO2Also there is more application at the scene of handling up, Since Reservoir Permeability is too low, CO2Be difficult to enter oil deposit deep part, be unable to fully contact with crude oil, cause the oil draining rate handled up compared with Low, field application economic benefit is poor.
The present invention is by being divided into two groups for all fracturing fractures of multistage fracturing horizontal well, and one group is handled up for gas, in addition One group of carry out failure production, to reach the mesh for realizing displacement and two kinds of development schemes of handling up using a bite multistage fracturing horizontal well , since displacement mechanism and is deposited with handling up, institute's gas injection physical efficiency enters oil deposit deep part, is conducive to reinforce between matrix Crude Oil and gas Interaction, improve matrix Crude Oil development degree, and institute's gas injection body, such as CO can be slowed down2Migration speed in oil reservoir Degree, reduces oil-gas ratio, slows down has channeling.
Existing theory analysis and numerical simulation study the result shows that, oil can effectively improve using design method of the invention Hide recovery ratio;Existing result of study shows method designed by the invention, and lapse rate can be effectively reduced.
Technology is adopted for horizontal well note, heavy crude reservoir steam injection exploitation has been achieved with optimized steam injection technology for horizontal well in segments, One steam injection chamber of general steam injection can be divided into two or more steam injection chambers, carry out selections steam injection, two sections (or multistage) dispensings With two sections (or multistages) with note.From current horizontal well note adopt state-of-art from the point of view of, have been achieved with selective subsection water injection, It is segmented steam injection and segmentation is recovered the oil, realize displacement and the design side for two kinds of development schemes of handling up simultaneously but without a bite horizontal well Method.
By development in more than 10 years, formed more perfect horizontal well stage fracturing technology, make the exploitation of fine and close oil into Enter Fast growth phase.For current technology, drive with this horizontal well and spit production, tubing string realizes that difficulty is larger.This The inventor of invention, such as can be according to the difference of production and gas injection crack the study found that by taking some technical measures, will Flow string is separated with gas injection tube column, and is made during huff and puff flow string and gas injection tube column and deposited, it will be able to be used The method of the present invention realizes the huff and puff production of horizontal well well.
The method of the present invention is used directly for fractured reservoir gas injection and drives raising oil recovery mining site conceptual design, especially In CO2 EOR(CO2Inject oil reservoir and improve recovery ratio) process and CO2Bury process have it is very important application and it is wide before Scape.
Detailed description of the invention
It is next with reference to the accompanying drawing that invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is that multistage fracturing fractured horizontal well crack is grouped schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
The meaning of appended drawing reference is as follows in figure: 1 produces fracturing fracture group for failure;2 handle up fracturing fracture group.
Fig. 2 is that horizontal whole handle up of multistage fracturing spits design method cumulative oil production with individual well drive in the embodiment of the present invention 1 (injection gas is CO to comparing result2)。
Fig. 3 integrally handles up for multistage fracturing horizontal well in the embodiment of the present invention 1 spits design method recovery ratio pair with individual well drive Than (injection gas is CO2)。
Fig. 4 integrally handles up for multistage fracturing horizontal well in the embodiment of the present invention 1 spits design method oil-gas ratio pair with individual well drive Than (injection gas is CO2)。
Fig. 5 is that horizontal whole handle up of multistage fracturing spits design method cumulative oil production with individual well drive in the embodiment of the present invention 2 (injection gas is CH to comparing result4)。
Fig. 6 integrally handles up for multistage fracturing horizontal well in the embodiment of the present invention 2 spits design method recovery ratio pair with individual well drive Than (injection gas is CH4)。
Fig. 7 integrally handles up for multistage fracturing horizontal well in the embodiment of the present invention 2 spits design method oil-gas ratio pair with individual well drive Than (injection gas is CH4)。
Specific embodiment
To keep the present invention easier to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail, these realities Apply example only serve it is illustrative, it is not limited to application range of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) fracturing fracture of the multistage fracturing horizontal well C of the oil field F B block is grouped
According to Detailed Geologic Research Results etc., all fracturing fractures of C well are divided into two groups, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) wherein failure production fracturing fracture group will be set as by any one group of fracturing fracture, another set fracturing fracture is set It is set to fracturing fracture group of handling up.
Injection gas is CO2, under the flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) of identical working system, compared all slits throughput prediction and crack Grouping carries out driving the effect spat, as can be seen that compared with single well stimulation, individual well drives the oil production spat and increases 5309m Fig. 2-43, Recovery ratio increases 3.40%, and gas-oil ratio is respectively less than single well stimulation, such as when producing 540 days, individual well drives the gas-oil ratio list gulped down The gas-oil ratio that well is handled up wants low 1200, this illustrates that migration velocity of institute's gas injection body in oil reservoir is slowed down.It can from table 1 Out, it either in crack or matrix, drives the remaining oil saturation spat and is below and handle up, illustrate that crude oil development degree is higher.
Oil saturation comparison is spat and handles up in the drive of table 1
(3) fracturing fracture of handling up note adopts working system optimization
Using numerical simulation technology, simulative optimization is handled up the working system of fracturing fracture, including optimal period injection rate, note Enter speed, stewing well time, production stream pressure and periodicity of handling up, is specifically shown in Table 2.It is another when handle up working system optimization Group fracturing fracture remains that failure is exploited.
2 CO of table2Note of handling up adopts working system optimum results
Parameter Numerical value
Cyclic injection amount, t 1000
Injection rate, t/d 40
Stewing well time, d 20
Production stream pressure, MPa 6
It handles up round, it is a 7
(4) fracturing fracture group working system optimization design is exploited in failure
Using method for numerical simulation, the other working system of fracturing fracture group, including flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) are exploited in simulative optimization failure With produce liquid speed degree etc..
(5) development index predication
Multistage fracturing horizontal well development index is predicted using numerical simulation technology according to above-mentioned design result, and with this For according to progress economic evaluation.
Embodiment 2:
Injection gas becomes CH4, it is identical as table 2 that note adopts parameter, spits effect with drive to throughput prediction and is compared, from figure 5-7 can be seen that note CH4Drive spit effect and be also better than throughput prediction.Compared with single well stimulation, individual well drives the oil production spat and increases 2533m is added3, recovery ratio increases 1.63%, and gas-oil ratio is less than single well stimulation, this illustrates migration of institute's gas injection body in oil reservoir Speed is slowed down.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of method of huff and puff comprising
The fracturing fracture of a well is divided into two groups by step A;
Step B sets failure production fracturing fracture group for any one group of fracturing fracture, accordingly another group of fracturing fracture is arranged For fracturing fracture group of handling up;The failure production fracturing fracture group is produced by failure mode always, the fracturing fracture group of handling up It is produced by the mode of handling up always;
The method also includes step C after stepb, set the operating parameter for fracturing fracture group of handling up, the operation ginseng Number includes gas injection rate, gas injection rate, stewing well time, production stream pressure and handles up the period.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step, all fracturing fractures of a well are divided It is two groups.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the well is multistage fracturing horizontal well, and the pressure break Fractue spacing is in the horizontal segment of horizontal well.
4. according to claim 1 to method described in any one of 3, which is characterized in that a well includes at least a sand body.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, if there is 2 fracturing fractures in a sand body, two pressure breaks Adhere to two groups separately in crack.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, pressure break is split if fracturing fracture is greater than 2 in a sand body Adhere to two groups separately in seam interval.
7. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, if only having a fracturing fracture, the pressure in a sand body Crack returns any one group.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein failure production fracturing fracture group is in failure in step C Mining state, and after the gas-oil ratio of failure production fracturing fracture group is greater than 3000, this group of crack switchs to production of handling up.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, after step c including considering the pressure-sensitive carry out failure of reservoir The manufacturing parameter optimization of fracturing fracture group is produced, the manufacturing parameter includes production stream pressure and Liquid output.
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CN105696997B (en) * 2016-03-31 2018-07-17 中国石油大学(北京) It is spaced cyclic water stimulation oil production method between multistage fracturing horizontal well seam
CN110318717A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Inflating method in oil recovery process
CN110761761B (en) * 2019-11-28 2021-08-06 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 Method for reducing emulsification risk of thick oil in steam huff and puff process
CN111456693B (en) * 2020-04-17 2022-08-12 中国石油大学(北京) Method for supplementing formation energy by advanced gas injection and continuous gas injection of tight-shale oil reservoir

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US7228908B2 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-06-12 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydrocarbon sweep into horizontal transverse fractured wells
AR090428A1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2014-11-12 Shell Int Research FLUID INJECTION IN LIGHT COMPACT OIL SITES
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