CN105331351B - A kind of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent in oil gas field - Google Patents

A kind of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent in oil gas field Download PDF

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CN105331351B
CN105331351B CN201510416020.1A CN201510416020A CN105331351B CN 105331351 B CN105331351 B CN 105331351B CN 201510416020 A CN201510416020 A CN 201510416020A CN 105331351 B CN105331351 B CN 105331351B
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fracturing fluid
thickening agent
clean fracturing
water base
degradable water
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CN105331351A (en
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付朝阳
石亚丽
黄金营
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C09K8/685—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
    • C07C303/32—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of salts of sulfonic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/03—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/13—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/14—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agents in oil gas field.The present invention is by betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant's thickening agent formula (I) with ester group and sulfo group in degradable water base clean fracturing fluid, obtained degradable water base clean fracturing fluid can break glue automatically, and the viscosity of fracturing fluid remains at 50mPas or more after shearing one hour.The main chemical compositions of the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid are betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant's thickening agent and crosslinking agent with ester group and sulfo group, and the mass percent of thickening agent is 1.5% 4.0%；The mass percent of crosslinking agent is 0.5% 1.0%.The biological degradability of the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the present invention is good, and effect on environment is small, temperature and shearing sustainability is good, broken glue is simple entirely without residue, preparation.

Description

A kind of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent in oil gas field
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil exploitation engineering fields, specifically, being related to a kind of for degradable water base in oil gas field Clean fracturing fluid thickening agent.
Background technology
The main means that pressure break improves production capacity as oil gas field are used widely, and widely used fracturing liquid System is aqueous fracturing fluid.The thickening agent used in aqueous fracturing fluid at present is mainly natural plant gum natural high polymer and synthesized polymer Object.Polymer relative molecular weight is big, haves the shortcomings that dissolubility difference and water-insoluble are more, and presence can largely drop after breaking gel The residue of low in-place permeability generates injury to stratum, fracturing effect is made to be deteriorated.Using the cleaning pressure of viscoelastic surfactant The injury to reservoir, crack can be reduced and improve fracturing transformation effect by splitting liquid.
The country does a lot of work in terms of clean fracturing fluid, has using cationic surfactant, anionic surface work Property agent, amphoteric surfactant and nonionic surface active agent be thickening agent clean fracturing fluid.The pressure break synthesized at present Long carbon chain amide betaine-like in liquid amphoteric surfactant thickening agent such as CN201410276802A, CN201210290896A In glycine betaine containing erucic acid and CN201110374771A in the glycine betaine with penylene base and amide groups amphoteric gemini table Face activating agent etc..
Although these by the clean fracturing fluid of thickening agent of surfactant there is small to formation damage of raising pressure break to change The advantages that making effect, but there are still some problems for current clean fracturing fluid, such as：(1) it is thickened with cationic surface active agent The clean fracturing fluid of agent and zwitterionic surfactant thickening agent is difficult to degrade, and easily causes reservoir and environmental pollution.(2) with the moon The cleaning hydraulic fluid of ionic surfactant thickening agent, which is split, is not suitable for the quick all layers of property of salt, and needs to break glue, pressure by foreign minister The broken colloidality for splitting liquid is restricted so that the preparation of clean fracturing fluid is complicated.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides it is a kind of in oil gas field can It degrades water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent and the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid containing the thickening agent, its object is to use Degradation property good betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant's thickening agent with ester group and sulfo group prepares clean fracturing fluid, this is thick Agent can complete hydrolysis at small molecule, chondritic can be overmolding to by meeting hydrophobic substance, and clean fracturing fluid is made to break glue automatically, by This solves current clean fracturing fluid environment degradable performance difference and prepares complicated technical problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of thickening for degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field Agent, shown in the molecular structural formula such as formula (I) of the thickening agent：
Formula (I)
Wherein R is C13-C19Straight chained alkyl, contain up to a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent in R carbochains；Its In, hydrophobic substance is overmolding to chondritic when the thickening agent encounters hydrophobic substance in oil gas field, containing the thickening agent can Water base clean fracturing fluid of degrading breaks glue automatically.
Preferably, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid shearing one hour after viscosity be maintained at 50mPas with On.
Preferably, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid further includes crosslinking agent, wherein the mass percent of thickening agent is The mass percent of 1.5%-4.0%, crosslinking agent are 0.5%-1.0%.
Preferably, the crosslinking agent is sodium salicylate and/or EDTA.
Preferably, the main chemical compositions of the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid are thickening agent and crosslinking agent.
Preferably, in thickening agent in R carbochains include a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent.Wherein, R is preferably C15- C17Straight chained alkyl.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, due to using degradability Amphoteric surfactant that can be good can obtain following advantageous effect as water-based clean fracturing fluid gelatinizer：
(1) present invention is used as using the betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant containing ester group and sulfo group and is used for oil field clean fracturing Liquid thickening agent, which, which encounters hydrophobic substance, can coat these molecules glomerate structure, therefore contain the thickening agent Clean fracturing fluid without adding gel breaker, when meeting the organic matters such as oil gas, netted destructurized, the viscosity of fracturing fluid vermiform Decline, glue can be broken automatically.Meanwhile fracturing fluid forms emulsion after breaking gel, no residue residual, to applied structure such as reservoir, The injury in crack etc. is small；Using the betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant containing ester group and sulfo group as clean fracturing fluid thickening agent, Such thickening agent can complete hydrolysis become unimolecule compound, these compounds can be degraded by microorganisms quickly, generate CO2、 H2O and inorganic salts, so as to get clean fracturing fluid ensure have preferable temperature and shearing sustainability while may be implemented from So degradation, will not pollute environment.
(2) the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid being used in oil gas field of the invention is suitable for various reservoirs；By right The selection of the screening salicylic acid and/EDTA of various crosslinking agents and the proportioning of crosslinking agent and specific thickening agent of the invention are ground Study carefully design, so as to get the cleaning that has had of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid anti-row's ability while also have both excellent heatproof Anti-shear ability.
(3) specifically, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the present invention after shearing one hour all embodiments it is viscous Degree can be maintained at 50mPas or more, especially at 80 DEG C, 170s-1Under shearing condition, it is superior to SY/T6376-2008 《Fracturing fluid general technical specifications》Surfactant Used in Viscoelastic Fracturing Fluids fracturing fluid general technology index.The clean fracturing fluid of the present invention exists 5% hexamethylene is added at simulated formation temperature (60 DEG C), the apparent viscosity after 6h is respectively less than 5mPas, i.e., completely broken glue And without precipitation.
(4) degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the invention is prepared simple, environmentally safe, to the sustainable development in oil field Exhibition has important strategy and realistic meaning.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below each other it Between do not constitute conflict and can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides a kind of thickening agent for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field, the thickening agents Molecular structural formula such as formula (I) shown in：
Formula (I)
Wherein R is C13-C19Straight chained alkyl, contain up to a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent in R carbochains；Its In, hydrophobic substance is overmolding to chondritic when the thickening agent encounters hydrophobic substance in oil gas field, containing the thickening agent can Water base clean fracturing fluid of degrading breaks glue automatically.
Wherein, degradable water base clean fracturing fluid viscosity after shearing one hour is maintained at 50mPas or more, Preferred shearing condition is 80 DEG C, 170s-1。
Wherein, in thickening agent in R carbochains include a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent.Wherein, R is preferably C15- C17Straight chained alkyl.
The degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the present invention further includes crosslinking agent, and crosslinking agent is sent out by electrostatic attraction and thickening agent Raw cross-linking reaction, improves the temperature resistance ability of fracturing fluid.Wherein, the mass percent of thickening agent is 1.5%-4.0%, crosslinking agent Mass percent is 0.5%-1.0%.Preferably, the crosslinking agent is sodium salicylate and/or EDTA.
Preferably, the main chemical compositions for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field of the invention are quality The crosslinking agent that the thickening agent and mass percent that percentage is 1.5%-4.0% are 0.5%-1.0%；
Preferably, the main chemical compositions for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field of the invention are quality The crosslinking agent that the thickening agent and mass percent that percentage is 2.0%-3.0% are 0.5%-0.8%；
Preferably, of the invention includes that mass percent is for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field The thickening agent and mass percent of 2.5%-3.0% is the crosslinking agent of 0.5%-0.8%.
The main chemical compositions for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field of the present invention are thickening agent and friendship Join agent, is free of gel breaker.On this basis, it in order to improve various performances, is gone back in degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the invention Various typical additives, such as pH adjusting agent, high-temperature stabilizer, anti-soil adhesion swelling agent, friction reducer, fungicide can be added, it is remaining Amount is water；The addition of additive is the convention amount of clean fracturing fluid in this field.
The present invention's is used in the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field, and the mass percent of water is less than or equal to 98%, preferably 95%-98%.
The present invention for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field at 80 DEG C, 170s-1Under shearing condition, one is small When after the viscosity of all embodiments can be maintained at 50mPas or more, be added 5% for (60 DEG C) at a temperature of simulated formation Hexamethylene, the apparent viscosity after 6h are respectively less than 5mPas, i.e., break glue completely and without precipitation.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field Preparation method includes being uniformly mixed after the main component thickening agent and crosslinking agent of fracturing fluid of the present invention are dissolved in water.
The present invention for the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field using when be conventionally pumped into oil gas Tanaka.
The thickening agent of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of the present invention can be, more preferably Palmitic acid ester group sulfo group sweet tea Dish alkali thickening agent, ten caprylate base sulfobetaines thickening agents, octadecene perester radical sulfobetaines thickening agent, 20 carbon Perester radical sulfobetaines thickening agent, kamalolenic acid ester group sulfobetaines thickening agent, ten tetra-carbonic ester group sulfo group sweet teas Dish alkali thickening agent.
The synthetic route of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent is as follows in the present invention：
The specific preparation method of degradable water base clean fracturing fluid thickening agent is：
Reaction kettle is added in II compound of formula and N, N- dimethylethanolamine by certain molar ratio to be uniformly mixed, is added anti- It answers the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of amount of substance score 0.5%~1.5% to make catalyst, is reacted 12 hours at 170 DEG C~180 DEG C, depressurized III compound of formula is obtained after distillation；Wherein II compound of formula is the C for containing up to a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent14- C20Straight chain fatty acid, the molar ratio of II compound of formula and N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.2~1:1.6.
It is put into reaction kettle after III compound of formula is dissolved in proper amount of acetone, takes the third sultone of 1,3- molten by certain molar ratio It is placed in high-order feed pot in proper amount of acetone.It is slowly added dropwise in 1,3- the third sultone acetone solns to reaction kettle, stirs evenly Afterwards, it is warming up at 60 DEG C~70 DEG C and fully reacts, decompression is recrystallized after filtering with acetone-ethanol, obtains white powder cleaning Fracturing fluid gelatinizer；The molar ratio of wherein III compound of formula and the third sultone of 1,3- is 1:1.1~1:1.3.
It is embodiment below：
Embodiment 1
Under the conditions of Catalyzed by p-Toluenesulfonic Acid, palmitic acid (16) and N, N- dimethylethanolamine are subjected to esterification, then Quaternization reaction is carried out with the third sultone of 1,3-, the betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant with ester group and sulfo group is made and cleans pressure Split liquid thickening agent.The molar ratio of wherein palmitic acid and N, N- dimethylethanolamines is 1:1.2 catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 0.5%, carboxylate and 1,3- the third sultone molar ratios are 1:1.3, synthetic is Palmitic acid ester group sulfobetaines thickening agent.
By mass percentage, Palmitic acid ester group sulfobetaines thickening agent and crosslinking agent sodium salicylate are dissolved in water respectively Afterwards, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous is remixed into.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 4.0%, crosslinking Agent 1.0%, water 95%.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 1 is repeated with the same steps, difference lies in replace palmitic acid with stearic acid.Wherein stearic acid (18) and the molar ratio of N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.5, catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 1.5%, carboxylate and 1,3- third Sultone molar ratio is 1:1.2, synthetic is ten caprylate base sulfobetaines thickening agents.
By mass percentage, after ten caprylate base sulfobetaines thickening agents and crosslinking agent EDTA being dissolved in water respectively, Remix into the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 3.0%, crosslinking agent 0.6%, water 96.4%.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 1 is repeated with the same steps, difference lies in replace palmitic acid with arachidic acid.Wherein arachidic acid (c20) and the molar ratio of N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.6, catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 1.0%, carboxylate and 1,3- third Sultone molar ratio is 1:1.1, synthetic is 20 carbonate group sulfobetaines thickening agents.
By mass percentage, 20 carbonate group sulfobetaines thickening agents and crosslinking agent sodium salicylate are dissolved in water respectively Afterwards, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous is remixed into.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 2.0%, crosslinking Agent 0.8%, water 97.2%.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 1 is repeated with the same steps, difference lies in replace palmitic acid with oleic acid.Wherein oleic acid (c18) with The molar ratio of N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.5, catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 1.0%, carboxylate and 1, the third sultone of 3- Molar ratio is 1:1.2, synthetic is octadecene perester radical sulfobetaines thickening agent.
By mass percentage, octadecene perester radical sulfobetaines thickening agent and crosslinking agent EDTA are dissolved in water respectively Afterwards, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous is remixed into.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 2.5%, crosslinking Agent 0.5%, water 97%.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 1 is repeated with the same steps, difference lies in replace palmitic acid with ricinoleic acid.Wherein castor oil The molar ratio of acid and N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.2, catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 1.0%, carboxylate and 1, the third sulphurs of 3- Lactone molar ratio is 1:1.1, synthetic is kamalolenic acid ester group sulfobetaines thickening agent.
By mass percentage, kamalolenic acid ester group sulfobetaines thickening agent and crosslinking agent EDTA are dissolved in respectively After water, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous is remixed into.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 1.5% is handed over Join agent 0.5%, water 98%.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 1 is repeated with the same steps, difference lies in replace palmitic acid with myristic acid.Wherein nutmeg The molar ratio of sour (14) and N, N- dimethylethanolamine is 1:1.4, catalyst p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 0.5%, carboxylate and 1,3- Third sultone molar ratio is 1:1.3, synthetic is ten tetra-carbonic ester group sulfobetaines thickening agents.
By mass percentage, after ten tetra-carbonic ester group sulfobetaines thickening agents and crosslinking agent EDTA being dissolved in water respectively, Remix into the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid of homogeneous viscous.Each component mass percent is：Thickening agent 4%, crosslinking agent 1.0%, water 95%.
Embodiment 7
The performance evaluation of clean fracturing fluid
According to SY/T6376-2008《Fracturing fluid general technical specifications》Middle clean fracturing fluid evaluation criterion, uses the U.S. Brookfield plus R/S rheometers, at 80 DEG C, with 170s-1Shear the viscosity performance of 1h testing example 1 to 6；Simulation (60 DEG C) hexamethylenes for being added 5%, the broken colloidality energy of testing example 1 to 6 under formation temperature.As a result it is listed in table 1 and table respectively 2。
The performance of 1 clean fracturing fluid of table
The broken colloidality energy of 2 clean fracturing fluid of table
At 80 DEG C, 170s-1Under shearing condition, after one hour the viscosity of all embodiments can be maintained at 50mPas with On, show that the clean fracturing fluid has excellent heatproof anti-shear performance, is superior to SY/T6376-2008《The general skill of fracturing fluid Art condition》Surfactant Used in Viscoelastic Fracturing Fluids fracturing fluid general technology index.(60 DEG C) hexamethylenes for being added 5% at a temperature of simulated formation Alkane, the apparent viscosity after 6h are respectively less than 5mPas, i.e., break glue completely and without precipitation, which meets the organic matters such as hexamethylene Glue can be broken automatically, and there is good broken colloidality energy.
The clean fracturing fluid prepares simplicity, can complete water since thickening agent used is the long chain quaternary containing monoesters base Become unimolecule compound after solution, the compound biological degradability of these small molecules is good, can be degraded by microorganisms quickly, generates CO2、H2O and inorganic salts will not pollute environment.Thickening agent used is amphoteric surfactant simultaneously, is encountered hydrophobic These molecules can be coated the glomerate structure of shape by substance such as oil gas etc., and fracturing fluid vermiform is netted to be destroyed, and viscosity declines, There is no need to add gel breaker, which meets the organic matters such as oil gas can break glue automatically.Fracturing fluid can be formed after breaking gel Emulsion is small to the injury in reservoir, crack without having residue.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of application of the betaine type amphoteric surfac-tant containing ester group and sulfo group, the glycine betaine containing ester group and sulfo group Shown in the molecular structural formula of type amphoteric surfactant such as formula (I)：
Wherein R is C13-C19Straight chained alkyl, contain up to a double bond and/or a hydroxyl substituent, feature in R carbochains It is, for the thickening agent of the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid in oil gas field, the thickening agent encounters hydrophobe in oil gas field Hydrophobic substance is overmolding to chondritic when matter, the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid containing the thickening agent breaks glue automatically；It is described Degradable water base clean fracturing fluid shearing one hour after viscosity be maintained at 50mPas or more.
2. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid further includes crosslinking agent, Wherein, the mass percent of thickening agent is 1.5%-4.0%, and the mass percent of crosslinking agent is 0.5%-1.0%.
3. application as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the crosslinking agent is sodium salicylate and/or EDTA.
4. application as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that the primary chemical of the degradable water base clean fracturing fluid Ingredient is thickening agent and crosslinking agent.
5. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that include a double bond and/or a hydroxyl in R carbochains in thickening agent Base substituent group.
6. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that R C15-C17Straight chained alkyl.
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