CN105328097B - The method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference - Google Patents
The method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference Download PDFInfo
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- CN105328097B CN105328097B CN201510921946.6A CN201510921946A CN105328097B CN 105328097 B CN105328097 B CN 105328097B CN 201510921946 A CN201510921946 A CN 201510921946A CN 105328097 B CN105328097 B CN 105328097B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
- B21K1/305—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth helical
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, including：Its 3-D geometric model is set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed；Its forging's block dimension and billet size are determined, the angular velocity of rotation of die cavity height, upper male mould height, lower punch height, the angle that lower punch is rotated around central shaft and the lower punch of cavity plate is determined；The 3-D geometric model of cavity plate is set up in UG softwares, the 3-D geometric model of upper male mould, lower punch and blank is set up respectively in UG softwares；The 3-D geometric model of the cavity plate established, upper male mould, lower punch and blank is assembled；3-D geometric model is imported in DEFORM 3D finite element softwares after assembling.Method proposed by the present invention, is easy to quickly set up the three-dimensional finite element model of upper male mould and cavity plate under axially different movement velocity, convenient design each die size of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly and working process parameter.
Description
Technical field
Helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly is determined based on speed difference the present invention relates to technical field of forging, more particularly to one kind
The method of structure.
Background technology
Helix cylindrical gear because with stable drive, noise is low, bearing capacity is strong many advantages, such as be widely used.Mesh
Before, helix cylindrical gear is still more to be formed using machining, and traditional machining process stock utilization is low, production cost
The high, production cycle is long, and the cleanliness of blank is machined destruction, substantially reduces the mechanical property of gear.With science and technology
High speed development, traditional mechanical manufacturing technology and common forging and molding technology can not meet the demand of development already.Therefore it is smart
The developing direction of close forming technique necessarily plastic forming technology.
It is complex-shaped because its tooth form is helical form during helix cylindrical gear precision form, have that plastic force is larger, angle
The problems such as corner filling is difficult, the demoulding is difficult.In traditional closed-die forging, upper male mould is descending, and cavity plate and lower punch are static, cavity plate phase
For the upward motion of blank, the upward frictional force in direction is produced, the flowing of blank is hindered.When using floating cavity die, cavity plate phase
Moved downward for blank, produce direction downward " effective skin friction ", blank is flowed downward, be conducive to filling for lower end tooth form
Fill out, and plastic force can be effectively reduced to improve die life.
But, during using floating cavity die forming spiral roller gear, because upper male mould, cavity plate and blank are performed relative motion,
In order to ensure upper male mould, cavity plate, lower punch and the harmony of forming blank motion, when the cavity plate and upper male mould of setting are axially moved
When speed difference changes or drip molding drafts changes, corresponding design upper male mould, cavity plate, lower punch height and corresponding rotation
Gyration also wants respective change.Therefore, shaped when using cavity plate and the inconsistent floating cavity die of upper male mould axial movement speed difference
, it is necessary to calculate each mould structure height repeatedly and set up mould threedimensional model during helix cylindrical gear, it have impact on follow-up limited
The timely progress of meta analysis work.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of based on speed difference to determine helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure
Method, it is intended to avoid on the premise of each mould produces interference, convenient design each die size of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly and
Working process parameter.
To achieve the above object, present invention offer is a kind of determines helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure based on speed difference
Method, comprises the following steps：
Its 3-D geometric model is set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed；
Its forging's block dimension and billet size are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, and according to forging chi
Very little and billet size is calculated after shaping volume under pressure, the axial velocity for setting upper male mould and cavity plate, according to upper male mould and the axle of cavity plate
To speed and shaping volume under pressure determine the die cavity height of cavity plate, upper male mould height, lower punch height, lower punch is around central shaft institute
The angle of rotation and the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch；
According to the die cavity of helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and the cavity plate determined height, in UG softwares
The 3-D geometric model of cavity plate is set up using its Boolean calculation function, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, really
Upper male mould height, lower punch height and the billet size made set up upper male mould, lower punch and base respectively in UG softwares
The 3-D geometric model of material；
According to the shaping volume under pressure and the angle that is rotated around central shaft of lower punch by the cavity plate established in UG softwares,
The 3-D geometric model assembling of upper male mould, lower punch and blank；
The 3-D geometric model of cavity plate after being assembled in UG softwares, upper male mould, lower punch and blank is imported into DEFORM-
In 3D finite element softwares, set up helix cylindrical gear floating cavity die precision form three-dimensional finite element model and input the upper male mould
Angle, the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch and shaping volume under pressure that axial velocity, lower punch with cavity plate are rotated around central shaft
Its forming process is simulated, to determine not producing interference between each mould.
Preferably, its forging's block dimension and billet size, and root are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed
The process for calculating shaping volume under pressure according to forging's block dimension and billet size is as follows：
Its forging's block dimension is determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, according to spiral cylinder to be formed
Gear part size calculates its volume of part in UG softwares, and determines billet size, root according to forging's block dimension and volume of part
Shaping volume under pressure is calculated by following formula according to the billet size and forging's block dimension：
L=h-h1, wherein, L is shaping volume under pressure, h1For the height of forging, h is the height of blank.
Preferably, after the axial velocity of setting upper male mould and cavity plate, according to the axial velocity of upper male mould and cavity plate and into
Shape volume under pressure determine cavity plate die cavity height, upper male mould height, lower punch height, lower punch around the angle that central shaft is rotated with
And the detailed process of the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch is as follows：
When the axial velocity of upper male mould is vOn, the axial velocity of cavity plate is vIt is recessed=bvOn, when b is constant, the die cavity of cavity plate is high
Spend HIt is recessed, upper male mould height HOn, lower punch height HUnder, the angle [alpha] that lower punch is rotated around central shaft and lower punch the anglec of rotation
Speed omega is calculated by below equation：
Δ H=Δs v × t, Δ v=(vIt is recessed-vOn), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed)；
When Δ v is zero, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=h1+ l, HUnder=L+l；
When Δ v is timing, HIt is recessed=h+ Δs H+l, HOn=L+l, HUnder=L+ Δs H+l；
When Δ v is bears, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=L+ | Δ H |+l, HUnder=L+l；
α=180Ltan (βb)/(πrb)；
ω=α/t；
Wherein, Δ H is the difference in height of upper male mould lower surface and cavity plate upper surface, and Δ v is the axle between cavity plate and upper male mould
To speed difference, t is the time used in forming spiral roller gear, and l is machine-finish allowance and fitting allowance, βb=arctan (tan
(β)cos(αt)), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed), βbFor Base spiral angle, β is gear helical angle, αtFor gear compound graduation nose circle face pressure
Power angle, rbFor base radius.
Preferably, according to the corresponding pressure of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly during the axial velocity of setting upper male mould and cavity plate
The parameter selection of machine, chooses after forcing press, the axial velocity of the upper male mould and cavity plate selection forcing press working line
Within journey velocity interval.
Preferably, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, upper male mould height, lower punch height and blank
The detailed process that size sets up the 3-D geometric model of upper male mould, lower punch and blank respectively in UG softwares is as follows：
The three of upper male mould is set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and upper male mould height
Tie up geometrical model, upper male mould be spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and under it is convex
Mould height sets up the 3-D geometric model of lower punch in UG softwares, and lower punch is spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, according to treating into
The helix cylindrical gear accessory size and billet size of shape set up the 3-D geometric model of blank in UG softwares.
The method proposed by the present invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, passes through floating cavity die
Principle and the helix cylindrical gear theory of engagement, quickly design the floating of helix cylindrical gear precision form recessed based on UG three-dimensional softwares
Mould three-dimensional mould structure, geometric data model is provided for follow-up finite element analysis software, is easy to quickly set up upper male mould and recessed
Three-dimensional finite element model of the mould under axially different movement velocity, saves the time modeled repeatedly, it is to avoid each mould produces dry
On the premise of relating to, improve and utilize floating cavity die precision form helix cylindrical gear shaping when upper male mould, cavity plate friction speed difference
Prediction of quality efficiency, convenient design each die size of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly and working process parameter, are spiral cylinder
The determination of floating gear cavity plate precise forming process provides foundation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 determines the stream of the method preferred embodiment of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure for the present invention based on speed difference
Journey schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Teeth groove sweeping geometrical model schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Single teeth groove threedimensional model schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
3-D geometric model schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Part drawing；
Fig. 6 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Floating cavity die motion principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Shaping at the end of principle schematic；
Fig. 8 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Lower punch 3-D geometric model schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is helix cylindrical gear in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Cavity plate 3-D geometric model schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is floating cavity die knot in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Structure assembling schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is determined in the method for helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure when mould occurs for the present invention based on speed difference
During interference it is formed thereby go out helix cylindrical gear 3-D geometric model schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is spiral cylinder tooth in the method for the invention that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
The floating cavity die structure three-dimensional geometrical model schematic diagram of wheel.
In figure：1- upper male moulds, 2- cavity plates, 3- lower punches, 4- blanks.
The realization, functional characteristics and advantage of the object of the invention will be described further referring to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment
It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 1 determines that the method for helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is preferably real for the present invention based on speed difference
Apply the schematic flow sheet of example.
In this preferred embodiment, a kind of method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, including
Following steps：
Step S10, its 3-D geometric model is set up according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed in UG softwares；
The 3-D geometric model for setting up helix cylindrical gear part to be formed is comprised the following steps that：
First, according to the basic parameter of helix cylindrical gear, corresponding expression formula is inputted in UG softwares；
2nd, using one involute curve of UG Software on Drawing, complete end face is drawn out according to helical gear design feature
Involute teeth channel profiles curve；
3rd, a plurality of helix is used during sweeping as teeth groove sweeping Route guiding line, and between upper and lower end face
Equably insert multiple planes and using teeth groove profile curve projection thereon as sweeping curve, sweeping goes out complete teeth groove, improve
The accuracy of gear modeling；
4th, the single teeth groove of generation and root circle cylinder are subjected to boolean and seek difference operation, recycle array generation spiral
Roller gear entity.
Step S20, its forging's block dimension and billet size, and root are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed
Calculated according to forging's block dimension and billet size after shaping volume under pressure, the axial velocity for setting upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2, according to upper male mould 1
With the axial velocity of cavity plate 2 and shaping volume under pressure determine the die cavity height of cavity plate 2, the height of upper male mould 1, the height of lower punch 3, under
Angle and the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch 3 that punch-pin 3 is rotated around central shaft；
Forging's block dimension is the size in the corresponding forging drawing of helix cylindrical gear part.Specifically, in step S20,
Its forging's block dimension and billet size are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, and according to forging's block dimension and blank
The process of Size calculation shaping volume under pressure is as follows：
Its forging's block dimension is determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, according to spiral cylinder to be formed
Gear part size calculates its volume of part in UG softwares, and determines billet size, root according to forging's block dimension and volume of part
Shaping volume under pressure is calculated by following formula according to the billet size and forging's block dimension：
L=h-h1, wherein, L is shaping volume under pressure, h1For the height of forging, h is the height of blank 4.
In step S20, after the axial velocity of setting upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2, according to the axially speed of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2
Degree and shaping volume under pressure determine the die cavity height of cavity plate 2, the height of upper male mould 1, the height of lower punch 3, lower punch 3 around central shaft institute
The angle of rotation and the detailed process of the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch 3 are as follows：
When the axial velocity of upper male mould 1 is vOn, the axial velocity of cavity plate 2 is vIt is recessed=bvOn, when b is constant, the type of cavity plate 2
Chamber height HIt is recessed, the height H of upper male mould 1On, the height H of lower punch 3Under, the angle that is rotated around central shaft of lower punch 3 and lower punch 3
Angular velocity of rotation ω is calculated by below equation：
Δ H=Δs v × t, Δ v=(vIt is recessed-vOn), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed)；
When Δ v is zero, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=h1+ l, HUnder=L+l；
When Δ v is timing, HIt is recessed=h+ Δs H+l, HOn=L+l, HUnder=L+ Δs H+l；
When Δ v is bears, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=L+ | Δ H |+l, HUnder=L+l；
α=180Ltan (βb)/(πrb)；
ω=α/t；
Wherein, Δ H is the difference in height of the lower surface of upper male mould 1 and the upper surface of cavity plate 2, and Δ v is between cavity plate 2 and upper male mould 1
Axial velocity it is poor, t be the time used in forming spiral roller gear, l be machine-finish allowance and fitting allowance, βb=arctan
(tan(β)cos(αt)), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed), βbFor Base spiral angle, β is gear helical angle, αtFor gear compound graduation nose circle
Surface pressure angle, rbFor base radius.
Set axial velocity (the i.e. v of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2OnAnd vIt is recessed) when, according to helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly correspondence
Forcing press parameter selection, choose after forcing press, the axial velocity of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2 selection forcing press work
Within the scope of making travel speed.
Step S30, according to the die cavity of helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and the cavity plate determined 2 height,
The 3-D geometric model of cavity plate 2 is set up using its Boolean calculation function in UG softwares, according to helix cylindrical gear to be formed
Accessory size, the height of upper male mould 1 determined, the height of lower punch 3 and billet size set up upper male mould respectively in UG softwares
1st, the 3-D geometric model of lower punch 3 and blank 4；
In step s 30, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, the height of upper male mould 1, the height of lower punch 3
And billet size sets up the specific mistake of the 3-D geometric model of upper male mould 1, lower punch 3 and blank 4 respectively in UG softwares
Journey is as follows：
Upper male mould 1 is set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size and the height of upper male mould 1 to be formed
3-D geometric model, upper male mould 1 is spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed with
The height of punch-pin 3 sets up the 3-D geometric model of upper male mould 1 in UG softwares, and lower punch 3 is spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, according to
Helix cylindrical gear accessory size and billet size to be formed sets up the 3-D geometric model of blank 4 in UG softwares.
Step S40, the angle rotated according to the shaping volume under pressure and lower punch 3 around central shaft will be set up in UG softwares
The 3-D geometric model assembling for cavity plate 2, upper male mould 1, lower punch 3 and the blank 4 got well；
Step S50, by the three-dimensional geometry mould of the cavity plate 2 after being assembled in UG softwares, upper male mould 1, lower punch 3 and blank 4
Type is imported in DEFORM-3D finite element softwares, sets up helix cylindrical gear floating cavity die precision form three-dimensional finite element model simultaneously
Angle that input upper male mould 1 and the axial velocity of cavity plate 2, lower punch 3 are rotated around central shaft, the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch 3
And shaping volume under pressure simulates its forming process, to determine not producing interference between each mould.
In the present embodiment, using the number of teeth as 18, normal module is 2, and pressure angle is 20 degree, and helical angle is 16 degree, and the facewidth is
Exemplified by 15mm helix cylindrical gear floating cavity die precision form, present invention work is further retouched with reference to accompanying drawing and case study on implementation
State, certain following embodiments are not construed as limitation of the present invention.
Reference picture 2 determines that the floating die assembly of helix cylindrical gear is comprised the following steps that to Figure 12：
(1) 3-D geometric model of helix cylindrical gear part is set up, its detailed process is as follows：
First, it is that the number of teeth is 18 according to the basic parameter of helix cylindrical gear, normal module is 2, and pressure angle is 20 degree, spiral
Angle is 16 degree, and the facewidth is 15mm, and corresponding expression formula is inputted in UG softwares；
2nd, using two involute curves of UG Software on Drawing, then it can be drawn out completely according to the basic parameter of gear
End face involute teeth channel profiles curve；
3rd, in order to be effectively prevented from teeth groove torsional deformation, with a plurality of helix as guide line during sweeping, and
Multiple planes are equably inserted between upper and lower end face and using tooth curve projection thereon as sweeping curve to set up accurate tooth
Groove, as shown in Figure 2 to Figure 3；
4th, the single teeth groove of generation and root circle cylinder are subjected to boolean and seek difference operation, recycle array generation spiral
Roller gear part, as shown in Figure 4.
(2) forging drawing of helix cylindrical gear is designed：According to helix cylindrical gear part drawing (as shown in Figure 5), forging drawing
The middle facewidth is 15mm, designs its forging drawing, and forging drawing is that machine-finish allowance and forging tolerance are added on the basis of part drawing,
The height of forging is 17mm in forging drawing, and the volume of helix cylindrical gear part is calculated by UG softwares, former according to constancy of volume
Then, the billet size for determining helix cylindrical gear according to the size of the height of forging and part isSo as to
Determine gear forming volume under pressure L=h-h1=26-17=9mm.
(3) using floating cavity die principle design helix cylindrical gear mould structure (as shown in Figure 6 to 7) is based on, it has
Body step is as follows：
First, the speed of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2 should be selected according to the parameter of forcing press, in the present invention using hydraulic pressure
During machine forming spiral roller gear, its plastic force F rule of thumb formula F=zmAp can be calculated,
Wherein, p=σsIn (1+0.17d/h), formula, F is plastic force (N)；Z is deformation condition coefficient, die forging complex appearance
Z takes 1.8 during forging；M is deformation volume influence coefficient, when blank volume is less than 25cm3When m take 1；A is forging perpendicular to work
Projected area (mm in terms of firmly2)；P is unit pressure (MPa)；σsFor the tensile yield limit (MPa) of blank metal, when
Blank material is that 20CrMnTiH its tensile yield limit is 835MPa.
It can be calculated in warm precision form according to above formula, plastic force needed for the helix cylindrical gear of intended size in the present invention
For 1262KN, therefore selection Y32-300 hydraulic press, its nominal pressure is 3000KN, its speed of working stroke 4.3~
300mm/s, the i.e. axial velocity of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2 all should be between 4.3~300mm/s, in addition, upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2
Forming speed also needs to combine produce reality to determine, and meets the speed of working stroke of selected constant-pressure machine.
In the present invention, the constant v of the setting speed of upper male mould 1On=10mm/s, the speed of cavity plate 2 difference value is vOn=vIt is recessed、vOn
=0.5vIt is recessed、vOn=2vIt is recessed, then now the speed difference of upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2 is respectively 0mm/s, 10mm/s, -5mm/s.
To make cavity plate 2 fluctuate, more steady and gear forming is better, and upper male mould 1 and lower punch 3 are both designed as
Spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, its gear parameter is identical with the parameter of helix cylindrical gear, as shown in Figure 8.Similarly, blank 4
Gear parameter is identical with the parameter of helix cylindrical gear., can according to formula in above-mentioned steps S20 when it is 9mm to shape volume under pressure L
Calculate the die cavity of cavity plate 2, upper male mould 1, the height of lower punch 3 and consider certain allowance and fitting allowance, draw cavity plate 2
The height of die cavity is respectively 28mm, 37mm, 28mm (correspondence three kinds of axial velocity differences), the height of upper male mould 1 be respectively 15mm,
10mm, 20mm, the height of lower punch 3 is respectively 10mm, 20mm, 10mm.
2nd, because the die cavity of cavity plate 2 belongs to inside screw cylindrical gear, UG softwares are utilized on the basis of the above-mentioned existing model of gear
In Boolean calculation function can reverse go out the die cavity of cavity plate 2, and height and spiral cylinder tooth to be formed according to the die cavity of cavity plate 2
Wheel accessory size sets up the 3-D geometric model of cavity plate 2, as shown in Figure 9；
According to the height of upper male mould 1 and the basic parameter of helix cylindrical gear, the three-dimensional geometry of upper male mould 1 is set up in UG
Model；
According to the height of lower punch 3 and the basic parameter of helix cylindrical gear, the three-dimensional geometry of lower punch 3 is set up in UG
Model；
3rd, the 3-D geometric model of the cavity plate 2 established of foundation, upper male mould 1, lower punch 3 and blank 4 is assembled：
Height h=26mm, volume under pressure L=9mm when blank 4, determine the relative position of the lower surface of cavity plate 2 and the upper surface of lower punch 3
(selection of parameter need to ensure that mould is in closed state all the time in process), formula is calculated in above-mentioned steps S20
Rotation angle α=7.896428582rad, makes lower punch 3 along central shaft anglec of rotation α according to the rotation direction of helix cylindrical gear recessed
Mould 2 and lower punch 3 are in engagement, and whether there is interference using UG software detections cavity plate 2 and lower punch 3, if nothing
Interference reassembles other mould structures (upper male mould 1 and blank 4).If rotation angle α is inaccurate, cavity plate 2 is produced with lower punch 3
Interference, makes mould heavy wear and influence gear forming effect, as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 11.
After the completion of cavity plate 2 and lower punch 3 are assembled, blank 4 is reassembled, upper male mould 1 is finally assembled.When assembling blank 4,
Its bottom face and the upper surface of lower punch 3 is set to fit, while making blank 4 keep engaging with cavity plate 2 by rotation angle α.According to spiral shell
Upper male mould 1 along central shaft anglec of rotation α, is made upper male mould 1 keep engaging with cavity plate 2 by the rotation direction of rounding stud wheel.
(4) by the stl files of UG Software Creates in step (3) (cavity plate 2, upper male mould 1, lower punch 3 after assembling and
Blank 4) import in DEFORM-3D finite element softwares, set up helix cylindrical gear three-dimensional finite element model and simulate it and shaped
Journey, during gear forming, upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2 make the axial velocity difference of axial feed motion, upper male mould 1 and cavity plate 2
For three groups of parameters of setting in step (3), control lower punch 3 is axially static and is rotated with angular velocity of rotation ω (as schemed
Shown in 12), stopped the rotation when the anglec of rotation of the lower punch 3 along the central shaft anglec of rotation reaches α, according to angular velocity of rotation formula
In the case of the axial velocity setting for obtaining three kinds of upper male moulds 1 and cavity plate 2, difference ω1=0.1531318643rad/s, ω2=
0.3062637287rad/s, ω3=0.07656593217rad/s.Analyzed according to numerical simulation result, in gear forming process
In, interference is not produced between mould and gear forming works well.In addition, numerical simulation result analysis shows, in processing
Whether mould is closed all the time, and when processing, mould has the state do not closed, and at this moment needs to redesign the lower surface of cavity plate 2
With the relative position of the upper surface of lower punch 3 or adjustment machine-finish allowance and fitting allowance l, to ensure that mould is all the time in processing
It is closing.
The method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference that the present invention is provided, passes through floating cavity die
Principle and the helix cylindrical gear theory of engagement, quickly design the floating of helix cylindrical gear precision form recessed based on UG three-dimensional softwares
Mould three-dimensional mould structure, geometric data model is provided for follow-up finite element analysis software, is easy to quickly set up upper male mould 1 and recessed
Three-dimensional finite element model of the mould 2 under axially different movement velocity, saves the time modeled repeatedly, it is to avoid each mould produces dry
On the premise of relating to, improve using upper male mould 1, the friction speed of cavity plate 2 it is poor when floating cavity die precision form helix cylindrical gear into
Form quality amount forecasting efficiency, convenient design each die size of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly and working process parameter, are spiral circle
The determination of stud wheel floating cavity die precise forming process provides foundation.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
The equivalent structure transformation that bright specification and accompanying drawing content are made, or other related technical fields are directly or indirectly used in,
Similarly it is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Its 3-D geometric model is set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed；
Its forging's block dimension and billet size are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, and according to forging's block dimension and
Billet size is calculated after shaping volume under pressure, the axial velocity for setting upper male mould and cavity plate, according to the axially speed of upper male mould and cavity plate
Degree and shaping volume under pressure determine the die cavity height of cavity plate, upper male mould height, lower punch height, lower punch rotated around central shaft
Angle and lower punch angular velocity of rotation；
According to the die cavity of helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and the cavity plate determined height, utilized in UG softwares
Its Boolean calculation function sets up the 3-D geometric model of cavity plate, according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, determines
Upper male mould height, lower punch height and billet size set up upper male mould, lower punch and blank respectively in UG softwares
3-D geometric model；
According to the shaping volume under pressure and the angle that is rotated around central shaft of lower punch by the cavity plate established in UG softwares, convex
The 3-D geometric model assembling of mould, lower punch and blank；
The 3-D geometric model of cavity plate after being assembled in UG softwares, upper male mould, lower punch and blank is imported into DEFORM-3D has
Limit in meta software, set up helix cylindrical gear floating cavity die precision form three-dimensional finite element model and input the upper male mould and recessed
Axial velocity, the angle that lower punch is rotated around central shaft, the angular velocity of rotation of lower punch and the shaping volume under pressure simulation of mould
Its forming process, to determine not producing interference between each mould.
2. the method as claimed in claim 1 that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, its feature is existed
In, its forging's block dimension and billet size are determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, and according to forging's block dimension and
The process that billet size calculates shaping volume under pressure is as follows：
Its forging's block dimension is determined according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, according to helix cylindrical gear to be formed
Accessory size calculates its volume of part in UG softwares, and determines billet size according to forging's block dimension and volume of part, according to institute
State billet size and forging's block dimension and shaping volume under pressure is calculated by following formula：
L=h-h1, wherein, L is shaping volume under pressure, h1For the height of forging, h is the height of blank.
3. the method as claimed in claim 2 that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, its feature is existed
In after the axial velocity of setting upper male mould and cavity plate, according to the axial velocity and shaping volume under pressure determination of upper male mould and cavity plate
The die cavity height of cavity plate, upper male mould height, lower punch height, the rotation of the angle that lower punch is rotated around central shaft and lower punch
The detailed process of tarnsition velocity is as follows：
When the axial velocity of upper male mould is vOn, the axial velocity of cavity plate is vIt is recessed=bvOn, when b is constant, the die cavity height of cavity plate
HIt is recessed, upper male mould height HOn, lower punch height HUnder, the angle [alpha] that lower punch is rotated around central shaft and lower punch anglec of rotation speed
Degree ω is calculated by below equation：
Δ H=Δs v × t, Δ v=(vIt is recessed-vOn), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed)；
When Δ v is zero, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=h1+ l, HUnder=L+l；
When Δ v is timing, HIt is recessed=h+ Δs H+l, HOn=L+l, HUnder=L+ Δs H+l；
When Δ v is bears, HIt is recessed=h+l, HOn=L+ | Δ H |+l, HUnder=L+l；
α=180Ltan (βb)/(πrb)；
ω=α/t；
Wherein, Δ H is the difference in height of upper male mould lower surface and cavity plate upper surface, and Δ v is the axially speed between cavity plate and upper male mould
Degree is poor, and t is the time used in forming spiral roller gear, and l is machine-finish allowance and fitting allowance, βb=arctan (tan (β)
cos(αt)), t=L/min (vOn, vIt is recessed), βbFor Base spiral angle, β is gear helical angle, αtFor gear compound graduation nose circle surface pressure
Angle, rbFor base radius.
4. the method as claimed in claim 1 that helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference, its feature is existed
According to the choosing of the parameter of the corresponding forcing press of helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly during the axial velocity of setting upper male mould and cavity plate
Select, choose after forcing press, the axial velocity of the upper male mould and cavity plate selection forcing press speed of working stroke scope
Within.
5. as described in any one in Claims 1-4 helix cylindrical gear floating die assembly structure is determined based on speed difference
Method, it is characterised in that according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed, upper male mould height, lower punch height and base
The detailed process for the 3-D geometric model that material size sets up upper male mould, lower punch and blank respectively in UG softwares is as follows：
The three-dimensional several of upper male mould are set up in UG softwares according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and upper male mould height
What model, upper male mould is spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, high according to helix cylindrical gear accessory size to be formed and lower punch
Degree sets up the 3-D geometric model of lower punch in UG softwares, and lower punch is spiral cylinder tooth tooth punch, according to be formed
Helix cylindrical gear accessory size and billet size set up the 3-D geometric model of blank in UG softwares.
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