CN105323025A - Cognitive OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based spectrum access method - Google Patents
Cognitive OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based spectrum access method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
- H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
- H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
- H04L5/001—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cognitive OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based spectrum access method. The cognitive OFDM based spectrum access method comprises the steps of 1) configuring basic wireless communication parameters of a transmitting end and a receiving end, OFDM symbol parameters and a spectrum access allowance r of the transmitting end; 2) intercepting an effective signal in a section of signal length from a main channel before first transmission; 3) equally dividing all the data of array F generated in the second step into N groups according to a sequence; 4) generating a 01 sequence S containing N elements based on a frequency band verification standard; 5) determining whether to access at the moment by the transmitting end based on a frequency band verification sequence obtained in the fourth step; 6) distributing L valid subcarriers to one unoccupied frequency band by the transmitting end based on information represented by each bit in the frequency band verification sequence obtained in the fourth step, and performing zero-padding for the rest subcarriers; and 7) configuring the receiving end to obtain data from the transmitting end based on lead code information, and switching the receiving end to the main channel after first reception.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication access field, the cut-in method particularly relating to a kind of wireless network, in order to realize quick access, improves band efficiency simultaneously.
Background technology
The problem that the high speed development of radio communication and extensive use make frequency spectrum rare is in recent years increasingly sharpened, and radio communication needs to take frequency spectrum resource, and the fixing frequency spectrum resource of tradition divides and causes frequency spectrum to become a kind of scarce resource.The frequency spectrum distributed at present is but very low in the availability of frequency spectrum of most places and most of time, and meanwhile, without the need to authorizing the availability of frequency spectrum of frequency range but very high.The frequency spectrum that distributed of the overwhelming majority is in time or spatially all under-utilized.
In order to solve the contradiction that the existing availability of frequency spectrum is lower and frequency spectrum resource is rare, cognitive radio technology is suggested, its core concept is that cognitive user (secondary user's) can when frequency spectrum resource owner (primary user) have busy channel, dynamic access channel that primary user has carries out transfer of data, but can not carry out larger interference to the transmission of primary user.Cognitive radio proposes on software and radio technique basis, mainly emphasize the cognitive ability of communication system, cognitive function is mainly reflected in its study and the aspect such as inferential capability and artificial intelligence technology, outstanding cognitive radio communication systems can by links such as study, the change of continuous cognitive radio communication environment, and the change of wireless environment is adapted to by the messaging parameter adjusting therein adaptively.
Wireless transmission adopts the thought of cognitive radio, and system, without the need to fixed channel, is realized the real-time transmitting of video data, namely ensures the interference-limited to existing network, too increase the antijamming capability of its own system simultaneously by frequency spectrum perception and dynamic access.Reach the rapid deployment that can meet mobile monitor, the real-time reliable and effective transmission of video information wireless transmission can be met again, hide electromagnetic interference, improve the object of the availability of frequency spectrum.
OFDM, as a kind of multi-carrier modulation technology, has good noise robustness and ability of anti-multipath, possesses the ability of the two-forty dissemination of information, is considered to the key technology in 4G mobile communication system.Cognitive OFDM is as the technology merging cognitive radio thought and OFDM modulation mode, and make full use of OFDM technology and allow to there is interference between subcarrier, sub carries allocation is advantage flexibly, realizes efficient spectrum utilization.
Through finding existing literature search, the most akin implementation is Chinese Patent Application No.: 201410123924.0, name is called: a kind of distribution method of cognitive OFDM network sub-carriers, but the distribution method of OFDM network sub-carriers in this documents, implementation complexity is high, is not suitable for and needs access rapidly to set up the sight of wireless communication link.Common OFDM network can only utilize fixed channel transmission information, and the availability of frequency spectrum is lower.Do not carry out dynamic frequency spectrum perception and switching, can not the fine communication environment that must adapt to dynamic change.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is devoted to develop a kind of frequency spectrum access method based on cognitive OFDM, to improve band efficiency and the reliability of wireless channel.
Summary of the invention
Because the above-mentioned defect of prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention how uses on the basis of wireless channel not affecting primary user, proposes new wireless network user cut-in method, in order to improve the band efficiency of wireless channel; How which resource of frequency range of perception has been used by primary user or by noise severe jamming, has therefrom selected not yet occupied optimal spectrum fragment and access; On the basis solving the first two problem, how to ensure the reliability of different user wireless transmission.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of frequency spectrum access method based on cognitive OFDM, comprise the following steps:
The first step: the frequency spectrum access surplus r of configuration transmitting terminal, the basic wireless communication parameters of receiving terminal, OFDM symbol parameter and transmitting terminal;
Second step: described transmitting terminal was configured to before sending first, and intercept one section of useful signal from main channel, the signal length of described useful signal is the integral multiple of N, and carries out fast Fourier transform to it, then asks mould, thus generated frequency spectrum array F;
3rd step: the total data that described transmitting terminal is configured to the described array F produced by second step is divided into N group in order, represents N number of frequency range, averaging respectively to each group, and by the normalization of averaging of income value, obtain the average array A that length is N; Then difference is calculated to described array F, then ask absolute value, obtain the array D isometric with array F, the total data of described array D is also divided into N group in order;
4th step: described transmitting terminal is configured to, according to frequency range verification criterion, generate and have 01 sequence S of N number of element, wherein 0 represent this frequency range and not yet taken by primary user, transmitting terminal can access, otherwise 1 represents transmitting terminal and cannot access;
5th step: according to the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence, described transmitting terminal determines whether access at this moment;
6th step: according to the information in the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence representated by each, transmitting terminal by L effectively sub carries allocation in a unappropriated frequency range, its remaining sub-carriers pad 0, thus generation OFDM symbol, and then be packaged into packet and send, after sending first, receiving terminal switches to main channel from common signal channel;
7th step: described receiving terminal is configured to according to preamble information, obtain transmitting terminal data, after receiving first, described receiving terminal is switched to main channel, according to detection sequence adjustment receiving terminal carrier wave interception way, directly can intercept the data in effective subcarrier when receiving afterwards, described sending and receiving end will in main channel communication again.
Further, the total number of sub-carriers that the effective sub-carrier number L of OFDM is configured to for secured transmission of payload data and lead code is configured described in the first step; The frequency spectrum access surplus r of configuration is configured to reserve no subcarrier number, to ensure to reserve certain intervals between different user frequency spectrum used.
Further, in the 4th step, described frequency range verification criterion, comprises the following steps:
4.1. the selected threshold value of transmitting terminal, compares with each element in average array A successively, has two kinds of situations:
4.1.1.A the kth elements A [k] in is greater than threshold value described in step 4.1, then judge that the frequency range corresponding to this group is taken by primary user, and the element S of the kth in S [k] is set to 1;
4.1.2.A the kth elements A [k] in is not more than threshold value described in step 4.1, then forward step 4.2 to, proceeds next step and judges;
4.2. for the kth group data of array D, take out each element wherein and do following computing: by this element and A [k] poor, then to ask square; If acquired results is not more than A [k] after the above-mentioned computing of each element of kth group data, then S [k] is set to 0; Otherwise certain element existed in kth group data make above-mentioned computing after acquired results be greater than A [k], then S [k] is set to 1.
Further, the 5th step comprises the following step:
5.1. as in infructescence 0 number be less than L and r sum, then wouldn't access, time delay is waited for after certain hour, forwards step one to, re-starts and carry out signal intercepting;
5.2. as in infructescence 0 number be more than or equal to L and r sum, then carrier frequency is switched to common signal channel and forwards step 6 to by transmitting terminal, required subcarrier parameter when preparing configuration access.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprises the following steps:
The first step: the basic wireless communication parameters of configuration transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, OFDM symbol parameter, and the frequency spectrum access surplus r of transmitting terminal.
Described basic wireless communication parameters mainly comprises carrier frequency, IQ speed, modulation parameter, the filter parameter of common signal channel and main channel, the wireless communication parameters such as packet structure parameter.
Described OFDM symbol parameter at least comprises OFDM total number of sub-carriers N, the effective sub-carrier number L of OFDM, circulating prefix-length.
The effective sub-carrier number of described OFDM refers to the total number of sub-carriers for secured transmission of payload data and lead code.
Described frequency spectrum access surplus r refer to and reserve certain intervals in order to ensure between different user frequency spectrum used, reserves no subcarrier number.
In order to ensure that sending and receiving end can realize correct radio communication, when must ensure initial, transmitting terminal carrier frequency be in main channel, receiving terminal carrier frequency is in common signal channel, must ensure remaining basic wireless communication parameters of sending and receiving end and OFDM symbol parameter configuration identical.OFDM total number of sub-carriers N represent be exactly in ofdm communication system transmitting terminal carry out an inverse fast fourier (IFFT), receiving terminal carries out counting of fast Fourier transform (FFT).
Second step: transmitting terminal, before sending first, intercepts the useful signal (signal length should be the integral multiple of N) of certain length, and carries out fast Fourier transform to it, then ask mould from main channel, thus generates frequency spectrum array F.
3rd step: the total data of the array F that second step produces by transmitting terminal is divided into N group in order, represents N number of frequency range, averaging respectively to each group, and by the normalization of averaging of income value, obtain the average array A that length is N.Then difference is calculated to array F, then ask absolute value, obtain the array D isometric with array F, the total data of array D is also divided into N group in order.
4th step: transmitting terminal, according to the 4th step gained frequency range verification criterion, generates and has 01 sequence S of N number of element, wherein 0 represent this frequency range and not yet taken by primary user, transmitting terminal can access, otherwise 1 represents transmitting terminal and cannot access
Described frequency range verification criterion, comprises the following steps:
4.1. the selected threshold value of transmitting terminal, compares with each element in average array A successively, has two kinds of situations:
4.1.1.A the kth elements A [k] in is greater than threshold value described in step 4.1, then judge that the frequency range corresponding to this group is taken by primary user, and the element S of the kth in S [k] is set to 1.
4.1.2.A the kth elements A [k] in is not more than threshold value described in step 4.1, then forward step 4.2 to, proceeds next step and judges.
4.2. for the kth group data of array D, take out each element wherein and do following computing: by this element and A [k] poor, then to ask square.If acquired results is not more than A [k] after the above-mentioned computing of each element of kth group data, then S [k] is set to 0; Otherwise certain element existed in kth group data make above-mentioned computing after acquired results be greater than A [k], then S [k] is set to 1.
5th step: according to the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence, transmitting terminal determines whether access at this moment, have two kinds of situations:
5.1. in sequence, the number of 0 is less than L and r sum, then wouldn't access, and time delay forwards the first step to, re-starts and carry out signal intercepting after waiting for certain hour.
5.2. in sequence, the number of 0 is not less than L and r sum, then carrier frequency is switched to common signal channel and forwards step 6 to by transmitting terminal, prepares subcarrier parameter required when configuration accesses.
6th step: according to the information in the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence representated by each, transmitting terminal by L effectively sub carries allocation in a unappropriated frequency range, its remaining sub-carriers pad 0, thus generate OFDM symbol.When transmitting terminal sends first, sub carries allocation situation is packaged into packet with the form of 01 sequence to be sent by common signal channel, sends receiving terminal successfully first and switch to main channel from common signal channel, start to communicate according to distribution condition before and receiving terminal.
7th step: receiving terminal is according to preamble information, utilize correlation capturing mode, obtain transmitting terminal data, after receiving first, receiving terminal is switched to main channel, according to the sub carries allocation sequence adjustment receiving terminal carrier wave interception way received, when receiving again afterwards, directly can intercept the data in effective subcarrier, sending and receiving end in main channel communication, can be accessed successfully.
Advantage of the present invention is: in the process of frequency spectrum perception, spectrum division become many fritters to analyze respectively, which resource of frequency range of further perception has been used by primary user or by noise severe jamming, has then therefrom selected not yet occupied optimal spectrum fragment and access.Not only complexity is low, and access speed is fast, and effectively can utilize valuable frequency spectrum resource, improves spectrum utilization efficiency.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing to design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation, to understand object of the present invention, characteristic sum effect fully.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the signal wiring figure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the OFDM frequency spectrum access communications process of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the primary user of a preferred embodiment of the present invention receiving terminal spectrogram when existing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.The present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Transmitting terminal, receiving terminal in the present embodiment, primary user's analog end all adopts generic radio ancillary equipment, and as Fig. 1, three is all controlled by PC.Whole process flow as shown in Figure 2.
The first step: the basic wireless communication parameters of configuration transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, OFDM symbol parameter, and the frequency spectrum access surplus r of transmitting terminal.
The basic wireless communication parameters of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is configured in the present embodiment, comprise receiving terminal configuration common signal channel carrier frequency 2.41GHz, transmitting terminal configuration main channel carrier frequency 2.42GHz, IQ speed 2M, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal configuration of transmit power 1.5dbm, adopt QPSK modulation demodulation system, up-sampling multiple is 8, formed filter and matched filter are root raised cosine filter, rolloff-factor 0.5, and filter length is 6.Configuration data pack arrangement parameter is lead code 26bits, sync bit 30bits, bag sequence number 32bits, information bit 2296bits, CRC check position 16bits, for the symbol 200 of Packet capturing.The OFDM symbol parameter of configuration transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is the effective sub-carrier number 152 of OFDM total number of sub-carriers 320, OFDM, circulating prefix-length 64.The frequency spectrum access surplus r=5 of configuration transmitting terminal.
Second step: transmitting terminal, before sending first, intercepts the useful signal (signal length should be the integral multiple of N) of certain length, and carries out fast Fourier transform to it, then ask mould from main channel, thus generates frequency spectrum array F.
In the present embodiment, transmitting terminal catches 6500 valid data of primary user's analog end generation by energy measuring, carries out fast Fourier transform and then asks mould, generate the frequency spectrum array F be made up of 6500 real numbers to it.
3rd step: the total data of the array F that second step produces by transmitting terminal is divided into N group in order, represents N number of frequency range, averaging respectively to each group, and by the normalization of averaging of income value, obtain the average array A that length is N.Then difference is calculated to array F, then ask absolute value, obtain the array D isometric with array F, the total data of array D is also divided into N group in order, gives over to subsequent treatment.
In the present embodiment, the total data of array F is divided into 256 groups by transmitting terminal in order, averaging respectively to each group, and by the normalization of averaging of income value, obtains average array A.Then calculate difference to array F, then ask absolute value, obtain array D, the total data of array D is also divided into 256 groups in order, then each group of array D has 25 elements.
4th step: transmitting terminal verifies criterion according to frequency range, generates and has 01 sequence S of N number of element, and wherein 0 represent this frequency range and not yet taken by primary user, transmitting terminal can access, otherwise 1 represents transmitting terminal and cannot access.
In the present embodiment, threshold value elects 0.2, S as 256 elements.Through comparing A [119] to A [129], A [131] to A [143] is for being greater than the element of threshold value, therefore S [117] to S [129], S [131] are set to 1 to S [143].For element A [k] remaining in A, kth group i-th element of note D is D [k] [i], in the hope of working as k=118, during k=130, for i from 1 to 25, can there is certain i and making (A [k]-D [k] [i])
2>A [k].Therefore by S [128], S [130] puts 1, and all the other elements set to 0.
5th step: according to the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence, transmitting terminal determines whether access at this moment.
In the present embodiment, it is 1 that frequency range verification sequence only has S [118] to S [143] to have 25 elements altogether, all the other 231 elements are 0, L+r=152+5=157<231, therefore carrier frequency is switched to the 2.41GHz of common signal channel by transmitting terminal, prepare subcarrier parameter required when configuration accesses.
6th step: according to the information in the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence representated by each, transmitting terminal by L effectively sub carries allocation in a unappropriated frequency range, its remaining sub-carriers pad 0, thus generate OFDM symbol.When transmitting terminal sends first, sub carries allocation situation is packaged into packet with the form of 01 sequence to be sent by common signal channel, sends receiving terminal successfully first and switch to main channel from common signal channel, start to communicate according to distribution condition before and receiving terminal.
In the present embodiment, transmitting terminal under the prerequisite of not interfere with primary users random by sub carries allocation to idle channel, certain is by the 5 to 77 subcarrier in 152 sub carries allocation to 256 subcarriers and the 170 to 248 subcarrier.Its remaining sub-carriers all pads 0 process.Therefore transmitting terminal will represent 256 01 data (0 represents pad 0, and 1 representative the sends valid data) packing of channel allocation situation, send to receiving terminal by common signal channel.Wherein 32 bag sequence number positions of packet are set to 1 entirely, are convenient to receiving terminal identification.
7th step: receiving terminal is according to preamble information, utilize correlation capturing mode, obtain transmitting terminal data, after receiving first, receiving terminal is switched to main channel, according to the sub carries allocation sequence adjustment receiving terminal carrier wave interception way received, when receiving again afterwards, directly can intercept the data in effective subcarrier, sending and receiving end in main channel communication, can be accessed successfully.
In the present embodiment, receiving terminal switches to the frequency spectrum after main channel as shown in Figure 3,5 to 77 subcarrier of data allocations in 256 subcarriers that transmitting terminal sends and the 170 to 248 subcarrier.The 118 to 143 middle subcarrier is shared by primary user, therefore receiving terminal does not process.Such transmitting terminal and receiving terminal in not interfere with primary users, and can realize ofdm communication under making full use of the prerequisite of frequency spectrum.
Scheme of the present invention carries out frequency spectrum perception based on cognitive radio thought, and select at present not disturbed or take, the good OFDM subcarrier group of channel quality carries out dynamic access.Another kind of replacement scheme is: transmitting terminal does not carry out frequency spectrum perception, and the subcarrier group of specifying in advance sends data message.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this area just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should by the determined protection range of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (4)
1. based on a frequency spectrum access method of cognitive OFDM, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step: the frequency spectrum access surplus r of configuration transmitting terminal, the basic wireless communication parameters of receiving terminal, OFDM symbol parameter and transmitting terminal;
Second step: described transmitting terminal was configured to before sending first, and intercept one section of useful signal from main channel, the signal length of described useful signal is the integral multiple of N, and carries out fast Fourier transform to it, then asks mould, thus generated frequency spectrum array F;
3rd step: the total data that described transmitting terminal is configured to the described array F produced by second step is divided into N group in order, represents N number of frequency range, averaging respectively to each group, and by the normalization of averaging of income value, obtain the average array A that length is N; Then difference is calculated to described array F, then ask absolute value, obtain the array D isometric with array F, the total data of described array D is also divided into N group in order;
4th step: described transmitting terminal is configured to, according to frequency range verification criterion, generate and have 01 sequence S of N number of element, wherein 0 represent this frequency range and not yet taken by primary user, transmitting terminal can access, otherwise 1 represents transmitting terminal and cannot access;
5th step: according to the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence, described transmitting terminal determines whether access at this moment;
6th step: according to the information in the 4th step gained frequency range verification sequence representated by each, transmitting terminal by L effectively sub carries allocation in a unappropriated frequency range, its remaining sub-carriers pad 0, thus generation OFDM symbol, and then be packaged into packet and send, after sending first, receiving terminal switches to main channel from common signal channel;
7th step: described receiving terminal is configured to according to preamble information, obtain transmitting terminal data, after receiving first, described receiving terminal is switched to main channel, according to detection sequence adjustment receiving terminal carrier wave interception way, directly can intercept the data in effective subcarrier when receiving afterwards, described sending and receiving end will in main channel communication again.
2. the frequency spectrum access method based on cognitive OFDM according to claim 1, is characterized in that, configures the total number of sub-carriers that the effective sub-carrier number L of OFDM is configured to for secured transmission of payload data and lead code described in the first step; The frequency spectrum access surplus r of configuration is configured to reserve no subcarrier number, to ensure to reserve certain intervals between different user frequency spectrum used.
3. the frequency spectrum access method based on cognitive OFDM according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 4th step, described frequency range verification criterion, comprises the following steps:
4.1. the selected threshold value of transmitting terminal, compares with each element in average array A successively, has two kinds of situations:
4.1.1.A the kth elements A [k] in is greater than threshold value described in step 4.1, then judge that the frequency range corresponding to this group is taken by primary user, and the element S of the kth in S [k] is set to 1;
4.1.2.A the kth elements A [k] in is not more than threshold value described in step 4.1, then forward step 4.2 to, proceeds next step and judges;
4.2. for the kth group data of array D, take out each element wherein and do following computing: by this element and A [k] poor, then to ask square; If acquired results is not more than A [k] after the above-mentioned computing of each element of kth group data, then S [k] is set to 0; Otherwise certain element existed in kth group data make above-mentioned computing after acquired results be greater than A [k], then S [k] is set to 1.
4. a kind of frequency spectrum access method based on cognitive OFDM according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the 5th step comprises the following step:
5.1. as in infructescence 0 number be less than L and r sum, then wouldn't access, time delay is waited for after certain hour, forwards step one to, re-starts and carry out signal intercepting;
5.2. as in infructescence 0 number be more than or equal to L and r sum, then carrier frequency is switched to common signal channel and forwards step 6 to by transmitting terminal, required subcarrier parameter when preparing configuration access.
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| CN103997739A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for achieving dynamic spectrum allocation in cognitive radio |
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| CN1930801A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2007-03-14 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and apparatus for transmitting/receiver channel quality information in a communication system using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing |
| WO2013112983A2 (en) * | 2012-01-26 | 2013-08-01 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Dynamic parameter adjustment for lte coexistence |
| CN103841071A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-06-04 | 普天信息技术研究院有限公司 | Method for channel extermination in wireless communication system |
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