CN111147405B - Signal sending method and terminal - Google Patents

Signal sending method and terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111147405B
CN111147405B CN201811302712.3A CN201811302712A CN111147405B CN 111147405 B CN111147405 B CN 111147405B CN 201811302712 A CN201811302712 A CN 201811302712A CN 111147405 B CN111147405 B CN 111147405B
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ssb
ofdm
synchronization signal
pss
sss
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CN111147405A (en
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任晓涛
赵锐
郑方政
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/114966 priority patent/WO2020088636A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2662—Symbol synchronisation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal sending method and a terminal, wherein the signal sending method comprises the following steps: transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel. The scheme of the invention can reduce the error rate of SSB detection and improve the coverage distance of the synchronous signal block.

Description

Signal sending method and terminal
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a signal sending method and a terminal.
Background
In a 5G NR (NR Radio Access, new Radio Access technology) system, terminals communicate directly with each other using a PC5 port (Sidelink). Before the service data transmission, synchronization is established between two terminals which need to communicate first at port PC5 (Sidelink). The method for establishing synchronization is that one terminal A sends synchronization and broadcast signals, the other terminal B receives the synchronization and broadcast signals sent by the terminal A, once the terminal B successfully receives and demodulates, the two terminals can establish synchronization, and preparation is made for the next step of direct communication.
The Synchronization Signal of the NR UU port is carried by an SSB Block (Synchronization Signal Block).
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 5G NR synchronous broadcast block. Each Slot includes 2 SSBs, and each SSB is composed of a PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal), an SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal), and a PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel).
In fig. 1, the abscissa is the time domain, and each column represents one OFDM symbol. The ordinate is the frequency domain, which is 20RB in the figure. Two SSBs are accommodated in one Slot, and are located in OFDM symbols #2 to #5 and #8 to #11, respectively. One synchronization broadcast block includes PSS signals, SSS signals, which occupy one symbol in the time domain and 12 RBs in the frequency domain, and PBCH signals, which occupy 48 RBs in total, distributed over 3 OFDM symbols.
In order to complete Beam measurement and Beam selection, the SSB at the NR UU port needs to perform Beam scanning (Beam scanning), where the Beam scanning is that the base station transmits the SSB once in each possible Beam direction within a certain time interval (5ms), and then the terminal measures the SSB signal strength of each Beam and reports the measurement result to the base station, and the base station selects the most suitable Beam to transmit data to the terminal according to the measurement result reported by the terminal. The number of directions in which beams need to be scanned is also different according to different carrier frequencies and different subcarrier intervals. The maximum values of the SSB beam scanning candidate directions in different carrier frequency ranges are respectively: 4/8/64, the number of beam scanning directions actually deployed cannot exceed this maximum.
When NR V2X Sidelink is used to transmit synchronization information, SSB beam scanning is also needed to ensure that the coverage of SSB beams is large enough to ensure good synchronization performance of V2X.
For the V2X Sidelink communication link, since both the transceiver and the transceiver are terminals, multiple SSBs transmitted by one transmitting UE in one Slot may need to be received by multiple different receiving UEs, and since the positions of the receiving UEs are different, when different SSBs reach the receiving UE, the variation of the different SSB signal strengths may be relatively large, and the evaluation shows that the dynamic range of the signal strength can reach 80 dB. If no processing is performed, such a large dynamic range may cause an increase in quantization error of the ADC, which may further cause an increase in SSB detection error rate, reduce the coverage distance of the SSB, cause many UEs to be unable to access the V2X system, and affect the performance of the V2X communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a signal sending method and a terminal, which solve the problem of SSB detection error rate increase caused by large intensity change of SSB received signals on a direct link.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method of transmitting a signal, comprising:
transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Wherein the set of slots includes at least one slot.
The reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation.
Each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol and a demodulation reference signal DMRS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol; or
Each SSB includes a primary synchronization signal PSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a physical broadcast channel pbch located over at least 1 OFDM symbol.
Wherein the PBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the SSS.
And the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PBCH is located.
And the OFDM symbol where the PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located or adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the SSS is located.
Wherein, the two SSBs are separated by 1 or 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data.
Wherein, when the two SSBs are separated by 1 OFDM symbol, the PBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols or the PSS occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols.
Wherein, when the PBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, the OFDM symbols occupied by the SSS are located between at least 2 OFDM symbols occupied by the PBCH, or the PBCH occupies at least 2 continuous OFDM symbols;
the PSS occupies at least 2 consecutive OFDM symbols.
And the OFDM symbol where the PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PBCH is located.
The reference signal is a primary synchronization signal PSS or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.
The SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including:
a transceiver for transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of time slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol and a demodulation reference signal DMRS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol;
or, each SSB includes a primary synchronization signal PSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a physical broadcast channel pbch located over at least 1 OFDM symbol.
The SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmitting apparatus, including:
a transceiver module, configured to send a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of time slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a processor configured to perform the following functions: transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the above embodiment of the present invention, in each of a group of slots, a synchronization signal block SSB is transmitted; each slot comprises at least two SSBs, each of which is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol. Therefore, the problem of SSB detection error rate increase caused by large intensity change of the SSB received signal can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 5G NR synchronization signal block design;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 to 18 are schematic diagrams illustrating the design schemes of the transmission patterns of the synchronization signal blocks according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a PSS/SSS as a reference signal in a transmission pattern of a synchronization signal block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention sends the synchronous signal block in the wireless channel, thereby reducing the error rate of SSB detection and improving the coverage of the SSB.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 21, in each time slot of a group of time slots, sending a synchronization signal block SSB; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
the reference signal may be an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) signal or a channel estimation reference signal; the reference signal may be a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) or a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
Where a group of time slots includes at least one time slot.
The signal transmission method of the embodiment may be applied to signal transmission of a through link, but is not limited to signal transmission of a through link. When the method is applied to signal transmission of the through link, in the embodiment of the invention, the SSB is an S-SSB (through link synchronization signal block), the PSS is an S-PSS (through link primary synchronization signal), the SSS is an S-SSS (through link secondary synchronization signal), and the PBCH is a PSBCH (through link physical broadcast channel).
The following description will be made by taking the transmission of signals of the through link as an example:
in a specific embodiment of the present invention, one implementation manner of step 21 includes:
in the transmission pattern of S-SSB: each S-SSB includes an S-PSS (direct link primary synchronization signal) located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, an S-SSS (direct link secondary synchronization signal) located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, an SPBCH (direct link physical broadcast channel) located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a DMRS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol. Preferably, the transmission pattern is used when the waveform used by the S-SSB on the through link is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM waveform of discrete fourier transform spread spectrum.
A first implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 3, and the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #3, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #2 and #4, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 5. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #9 and #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 12. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the PSBCH occupies at least two OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A second implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 4, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #5, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #2 and #4, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 3. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #12, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #9 and #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 10. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the PSBCH occupies at least two OFDM symbols, and the OFDM symbols occupied by the S-SSS are positioned between the at least two OFDM symbols occupied by the PSBCH.
The embodiment has the advantages that the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted, so that the coverage distance is longer; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A third implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 5, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #4, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3 and #5, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 2. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #11, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 and #12, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 9. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the S-SSS is located; the PSBCH occupies at least two OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A fourth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 6, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #2, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3 and #5, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 4. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #9, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 and #12, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 11. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located; the PSBCH occupies at least two OFDM symbols, and the OFDM symbols occupied by the S-SSS are positioned between the at least two OFDM symbols occupied by the PSBCH.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A fifth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 7, and the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #2, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3 and #4, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 5. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #9, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 and #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 12. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located; the PSBCH occupies at least two consecutive OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A sixth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 8, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the DMRS is located at OFDM #5, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3 and #4, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 2. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM #12, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 and #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 9. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 7.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the S-SSS is located; the PSBCH occupies at least two consecutive OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the occupied bandwidth is narrow, and the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved.
A seventh implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 9, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: and 2S-SSBs are contained in every 1 Slot, the S-PSS signal in the first S-SSB is positioned in an OFDM symbol #1, the DMRS is positioned in an OFDM symbol #2, the PSBCH is positioned in an OFDM symbol #3, and the S-SSS is positioned in an OFDM symbol # 4. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the DMRS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 12. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 8.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PSBCH is located, and 3 OFDM symbols are spaced between the two S-SSBs and used for transmitting data services. And the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
An eighth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 10, and the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #2, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3, and the DMRS is located at OFDM # 4. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #11, and the DMRS is located at OFDM # 12. The AGC is located at OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol # 8.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the S-SSS is located, and the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PSBCH is located. And 3 OFDM symbols are arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and are used for transmitting data services.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
A ninth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 11, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1 and #2, the DMRS is located at OFDM #3, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #4, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM # 5. The S-PSS signals in the second S-SSB are located at OFDM symbols #8 and #9, DMRS is located at OFDM symbol #10, PSBCH is located at OFDM symbol #11, and S-SSS is located at OFDM symbol # 12.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; the S-PSS occupies at least two OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the time domain of the primary synchronization signal S-PSS is repeated to ensure the synchronous detection performance of the S-PSS.
A tenth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 12, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1 and #2, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #3, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #4, and the DMRS is located at OFDM # 5. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #8 and #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #11, and the DMRS is located at OFDM # 12.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PSBCH is positioned. 1 OFDM symbol is arranged between the two S-SSBs at intervals and is used for transmitting data service; and the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the S-SSS is located, and the S-PSS occupies at least two continuous OFDM symbols.
The DFT-s-OFDM waveform is adopted in the embodiment, so that the coverage distance is long; and the time domain of the primary synchronization signal S-PSS is repeated to ensure the synchronous detection performance of the S-PSS.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, when the S-SSB adopts the DFT-S-OFDM waveform, 2S-SSBs can be accommodated in 14 OFDM symbols in 1 Slot, and each S-SSB occupies 4 continuous symbols. Each S-SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying one symbol, which is used for automatic gain control. The DMRS and the PSBCH are positioned in close proximity, so that the channel estimation performance of the broadcast signal PSBCH is ensured. The frequency domain bandwidth of 50 RBs (resource blocks) also ensures that there are sufficient frequency domain resources on the PSBCH symbol to accommodate the broadcast information. There are also 1 or 3 OFDM symbols between the two S-SSBs that can be used for data transmission, such as the timely transmission of delay sensitive traffic.
In another embodiment of the present invention, another implementation manner of step 21 includes:
in the S-SSB transmission pattern: each S-SSB comprises a through link primary synchronization signal S-PSS located on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a through link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS located on at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a through link physical broadcast channel PSBCH located on at least 1 OFDM symbol. Preferably, the transmission pattern is adopted when the waveform adopted by the S-SSB on the through link is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing CP-OFDM waveform with a cyclic prefix.
A first implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 13, and the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #3, the PSBCH is located at OFDM # 2- #4, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signal at #3, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCHRE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #11, the PSBCH is located at OFDM # 10- #12, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signal at #11, and the DMRS signal is embedded in PSBCH REs (resource elements).
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS; the DMRS signals are embedded in the PSBCH RE; the two S-SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols; and the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PSBCH is positioned.
The embodiment occupies smaller bandwidth, and improves the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
A second implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 14, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #2, the PSBCH is located at OFDM # 2- #4, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signal at #2, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCHRE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM # 10- #12, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signal at #10, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCH RE.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS; the DMRS signals are embedded in the PSBCH RE; the two S-SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols; the PSBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols.
The embodiment has the advantages that the occupied bandwidth is small, and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system is improved; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
A third implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 15, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #3, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #2 and #4, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCH RE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #11, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 and #12, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCH RE.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the DMRS signals are embedded in a PSBCH RE, and the two S-SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols; the PSBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, and the S-SSS is located between the 2 OFDM symbols occupied by the PSBCH.
The embodiment occupies smaller bandwidth, and improves the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
A fourth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 16, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. The first S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #1, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #2, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #3 and #4, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCH RE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #11 and #12, and the DMRS signal is embedded in the PSBCH RE.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the two S-SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols; the PSBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, and the OFDM symbol where the S-PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the S-SSS is located.
The embodiment occupies smaller bandwidth, and improves the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system; and 3 symbols in the middle of 2S-SSBs can be used for transmitting delay sensitive services, so that the data transmission delay is reduced.
A fifth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 17, where the distribution pattern of S-SSBs in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. In the first S-SSB, S-PSS signals are positioned in OFDM symbols #1 and #2, S-SSS is positioned in OFDM symbol #4, PSBCH is positioned in OFDM symbols #3 to #5, PSBCH and S-SSS signals are subjected to frequency division multiplexing on the symbol #4, and DMRS signals are embedded in PSBCHRE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signals are located at OFDM #8 and #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #11, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 to #12, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signals at symbol #11, and the DMRS signals are embedded in the PSBCH RE.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the DMRS signals are embedded in a PSBCH RE, and the two S-SSBs are separated by 1 OFDM symbol; the PSBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, and the S-SSS is positioned between the 2 OFDM symbols occupied by the PSBCH; the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS.
The embodiment has the advantages that the occupied bandwidth is small, and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system is improved; and the time domain of the main synchronization signal S-PSS is repeated, thereby improving the synchronous detection performance of the S-PSS.
A sixth implementation of the transmission pattern is shown in fig. 18, and the distribution pattern of S-SSB in a single Slot is: every 1 Slot contains 2S-SSBs. In the first S-SSB, S-PSS signals are positioned in OFDM symbols #1 and #2, S-SSS is positioned in OFDM symbol #3, PSBCH is positioned in OFDM symbols #3 to #5, PSBCH and S-SSS signals are subjected to frequency division multiplexing on the symbol #3, and DMRS signals are embedded in PSBCHRE. The second S-SSB is where the S-PSS signals are located at OFDM #8 and #9, the S-SSS is located at OFDM #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM #10 to #12, the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS signals at symbol #110, and the DMRS signals are embedded in the PSBCH RE.
In this embodiment, OFDM symbol # n represents the n +1 th symbol inside one Slot. For example, OFDM symbol #3 represents the 4 th symbol inside one Slot; the DMRS signals are embedded in a PSBCH RE, and the two S-SSBs are separated by 1 OFDM symbol; the PSBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols; the S-PSS occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, and the PSBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the S-SSS.
The embodiment occupies smaller bandwidth, and improves the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system; and the time domain of the main synchronization signal S-PSS is repeated, thereby improving the synchronous detection performance of the S-PSS.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, a reference signal occupying at least one symbol is added in front of each S-SSB for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation, which is helpful for performing automatic gain control when receiving different S-SSBs by receiving terminals which are far away from and near to the S-SSB transmitting terminal in V2X communication, thereby reducing the error rate of S-SSB detection on the Sidelink, increasing the coverage distance of the synchronized broadcast block, allowing as many UEs as possible to access the V2X system, and further improving the performance of the V2X communication system.
As shown in fig. 19, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal 190, including:
a transceiver 191 for transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Wherein the set of slots includes at least one slot.
The reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation.
The reference signal may be a primary synchronization signal PSS or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.
Each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal S-SSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol and a demodulation reference signal DMRS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol;
or, each SSB includes a primary synchronization signal PSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH located over at least 1 OFDM symbol.
The PBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the SSS.
And the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PBCH is positioned.
And the OFDM symbol where the PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located or adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the SSS is located.
The two SSBs are separated by 1 or 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data.
When the two SSBs are spaced by 1 OFDM symbol, the PBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols or the PSS occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols.
When the PBCH occupies at least 2 OFDM symbols, the OFDM symbols occupied by the SSS are located between at least 2 OFDM symbols occupied by the PBCH, or the PBCH occupies at least 2 continuous OFDM symbols;
the PSS occupies at least 2 consecutive OFDM symbols.
And the OFDM symbol where the PSS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PBCH is positioned.
The SSB is S-SSB (direct link synchronization signal block), the PSS is S-PSS (direct link primary synchronization signal), the SSS is S-SSS (direct link secondary synchronization signal), and the PBCH is PSBCH (direct link physical broadcast channel).
It should be noted that the embodiments shown in fig. 3 to 18 are also applicable to the embodiment of the terminal, and the same technical effects can be achieved. The terminal may further include: the processor 192, the memory 193, and the like, the transceiver 191 and the memory 193, and the transceiver 191 and the processor 192 may be communicatively connected by a bus interface, the function of the processor 192 may also be implemented by the transceiver 191, and the function of the transceiver 191 may also be implemented by the processor 192.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmitting apparatus, including:
a processing module, configured to send a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of time slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
It should be noted that the embodiments shown in fig. 3 to 18 are also applicable to the embodiment of the apparatus, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a processor configured to perform the following functions:
transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
It should be noted that the embodiments shown in fig. 3 to 18 are also applicable to the embodiment of the apparatus, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
As shown in fig. 20, in all the above embodiments of the present invention, when the reference signal is PSS or SSS, 2 SSBs are contained in every 1 Slot. The S-PSS signal in the first SSB is located at OFDM symbols #0 and #1, DMRS is located at OFDM symbol #3, PSBCH is located at OFDM symbols #2 and #4, and S-SSS is located at OFDM symbol # 5. In the second SSB, the S-PSS signal is located at OFDM symbols #7 and #8, the DMRS is located at OFDM symbol #10, the PSBCH is located at OFDM symbols #9 and #11, and the S-SSS is located at OFDM symbol # 12. The S-PSS located at symbols #0 and #7 can also be used for AGC at the same time.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, a reference signal occupying at least one symbol is added in front of each S-SSB for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation, which is helpful for performing automatic gain control when receiving different S-SSBs by receiving terminals which are far away from and near to the S-SSB transmitting terminal in V2X communication, thereby reducing the error rate of S-SSB detection on the Sidelink, increasing the coverage distance of the synchronized broadcast block, allowing as many UEs as possible to access the V2X system, and further improving the performance of the V2X communication system.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Furthermore, it is to be noted that in the device and method of the invention, it is obvious that the individual components or steps can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be regarded as equivalents of the present invention. Also, the steps of performing the series of processes described above may naturally be performed chronologically in the order described, but need not necessarily be performed chronologically, and some steps may be performed in parallel or independently of each other. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or any of the steps or elements of the method and apparatus of the present invention may be implemented in any computing device (including processors, storage media, etc.) or network of computing devices, in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof, which can be implemented by those skilled in the art using their basic programming skills after reading the description of the present invention.
Thus, the objects of the invention may also be achieved by running a program or a set of programs on any computing device. The computing device may be a general purpose device as is well known. The object of the invention is thus also achieved solely by providing a program product comprising program code for implementing the method or the apparatus. That is, such a program product also constitutes the present invention, and a storage medium storing such a program product also constitutes the present invention. It is to be understood that the storage medium may be any known storage medium or any storage medium developed in the future. It is further noted that in the apparatus and method of the present invention, it is apparent that each component or step can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be regarded as equivalents of the present invention. Also, the steps of executing the series of processes described above may naturally be executed chronologically in the order described, but need not necessarily be executed chronologically. Some steps may be performed in parallel or independently of each other.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (13)

1. A method for transmitting a signal, comprising:
transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
the reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation;
two SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data;
the SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of slots comprises at least one slot.
3. The signal transmission method according to claim 1, wherein each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a demodulation reference signal DMRS over at least 1 OFDM symbol; or each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH located over at least 1 OFDM symbol.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the signal is transmitted from the transmitter,
the PBCH is frequency division multiplexed with the SSS.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the signal is transmitted from the transmitter,
and the OFDM symbol in which the DMRS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol in which the PBCH is positioned.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the signal is transmitted from the transmitter,
and the OFDM symbol where the PSS is located is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located or adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the SSS is located.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the signal is transmitted from the transmitter,
and the OFDM symbol where the PSS is positioned is adjacent to the OFDM symbol where the PBCH is positioned.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference signal is a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) or a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
9. A terminal, comprising:
a transceiver for transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of time slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
the reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation;
two SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data;
the SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
10. The terminal of claim 9,
each SSB comprises a primary synchronization signal PSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol, a physical broadcast channel PBCH positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol and a demodulation reference signal DMRS positioned on at least 1 OFDM symbol;
or, each SSB includes a primary synchronization signal PSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, a secondary synchronization signal SSS located over at least 1 OFDM symbol, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH located over at least 1 OFDM symbol.
11. An apparatus for transmitting a signal, comprising:
a transceiver module, configured to transmit a synchronization signal block S-SSB in each of a set of time slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
the reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation;
two SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data;
the SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
12. A terminal, comprising: a processor configured to perform the following functions: transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB in each of a set of slots; each time slot comprises at least two SSBs, and each SSB is preceded by a reference signal occupying at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; the SSB is a combined block of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
the reference signal is a reference signal for performing automatic gain control or channel estimation;
two SSBs are separated by 3 OFDM symbols for transmitting data;
the SSB is a direct link synchronization signal block S-SSB, the PSS is a direct link primary synchronization signal S-PSS, the SSS is a direct link secondary synchronization signal S-SSS, and the PBCH is a direct link physical broadcast channel PSBCH.
13. A computer storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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