CN105319630B - Imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures and its application - Google Patents
Imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105319630B CN105319630B CN201510895152.7A CN201510895152A CN105319630B CN 105319630 B CN105319630 B CN 105319630B CN 201510895152 A CN201510895152 A CN 201510895152A CN 105319630 B CN105319630 B CN 105319630B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1842—Gratings for image generation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms
- G02B5/188—Plurality of such optical elements formed in or on a supporting substrate
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of imaging optical system and its application based on Schupmann correcting structures, the system comprises object lens and eyepiece, the Schupmann correcting structures include diffraction primary mirror and Fresnel correcting plate, diffraction primary mirror is object lens, it uses recombination photons to sieve, Fresnel correcting plate uses compound Fresnel correcting plate, optical system includes that recombination photons are sieved and mainly by reimaging lens group successively along incident light direction, the eyepiece of compound Fresnel correcting plate and refocusing lens forming, reimaging lens group is imaged onto the incident luminous point that recombination photons are sieved on compound Fresnel correcting plate, optical system, the formed virtual image after compound Fresnel correcting plate is output in image planes refocusing lens.The recombination photons sieve is in a satellite or is divided to eyepiece to be on two satellites.The present invention effectively overcome photon screen for imaging aberration problem, while also solving the problems, such as that its spectral region is narrow, system made to obtain the coloured image of no color differnece in image planes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical systems, specifically, are related to a kind of based on the compound of improved Schupmann structures
Type photon screen imaging optical system and its application in fields such as it is imaged over the ground in satellite.
Background technology
Satellite is mainly imaged ground using folding/mirror lens group at present.Although low rail optical satellite may be implemented
The earth observation of meter level spatial resolution, but it is difficult to realize desired round-the-clock, round-the-clock, Global coverage earth observation energy
Power.And to further increase resolution ratio, traditional weight, processing, adjustment etc. for being imaged load using heavy caliber sheet glass
The cost of technical bottleneck and costliness is all unavoidable problem.High rail high score satellite for improve earth observation systems when
Between resolution ratio be of great significance, but current technology level there is no effective solution.Photon screen can be with as image-forming component
Achieve the effect that surmount diffraction limit have many applications on X or grenz ray imaging at present.
Invention content
Technical problem present in for the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention propose a kind of based on improved Schupmann knots
It the compound photon sieve imaging optical system of structure and its fields such as is imaged over the ground in satellite and applies, traditional glass lens is overcome to be used for
The problems such as big load caused by satellite imagery, difficult processing, difficult adjustment, high cost, can realize nothing to continuous wavelength incident light
Aberration is imaged.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures, including object lens and eyepiece, the Schupmann
Correcting structure includes diffraction primary mirror and Fresnel correcting plate, and the diffraction primary mirror is the object lens, and recombination photons is used to sieve,
It includes recombination photons successively along incident light direction that the Fresnel correcting plate, which uses compound Fresnel correcting plate, the optical system,
It sieves and mainly by reimaging lens group, the eyepiece of compound Fresnel correcting plate and refocusing lens forming, the reimaging
Lens group is imaged onto the incident luminous point that recombination photons are sieved on compound Fresnel correcting plate, and the refocusing lens are optical system
System formed virtual image after compound Fresnel correcting plate is output in image planes.
The recombination photons sieve is radially divided into three annular regions, is respectively used to blue and green light, feux rouges wave from inside to outside
Section imaging.
The compound Fresnel correcting plate is radially divided into three annular regions, be respectively used to from inside to outside blue and green light,
The dispersion correction that red spectral band is imaged over the ground.
The recombination photons sieve is film-type, and the reimaging lens are simple lens, and the compound Fresnel correcting plate is
Compound Fresnel zone plate.
The reimaging lens are located at recombination photons sieve focal plane, and the compound Fresnel zone plate is located at described multiple
It closes at image planes of the photon screen about reimaging lens.
The F number ratios of the compound Fresnel zone plate and recombination photons sieve are the amplification factor of reimaging lens.
The ratio of the recombination photons sieve and compound Fresnel zone plate bore is the amplification factor of reimaging lens.
The optical component parameter of the object lens and eyepiece is different with the difference of the reimaging power of lens.
A kind of application of the imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures in high rail satellite earth observation, institute
It states recombination photons and sieves to be divided to eyepiece and be on two satellites.
A kind of application of the imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures in low orbit satellite earth observation, institute
Recombination photons sieve and eyepiece are stated on a satellite.
The present invention obtains the optical system of colour imaging using thin film diffraction lens, is based on improved Schupmann structures,
Using compound photon sieve and correcting plate, effectively overcome photon screen for imaging aberration problem, while also solving it
The narrow problem of spectral region, makes system obtain the coloured image of no color differnece in image planes.It can using thin film diffraction imaging technique
Overcome that the heavy-caliber optical system weight of refringent/reflection lens is big, the complicated problem of adjustment, the imaging of looking in the distance of space-based ultra-large aperture is suitble to answer
With.The present invention merges compound photon sieve with Schupmann correcting structures in one, and satellite imagery is used for current glass lens
It compares, has many advantages, such as light weight, foldable, high resolution, at low cost, and can realize no color differnece to continuous wavelength incident light
Imaging.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the compound photon sieve imaging optical system provided by the present invention based on improved Schupmann structures
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is recombination photons sieve schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention, so as to can be more easy to feature the advantages of invention
In being readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
Compound photon sieve imaging optical system provided by the present invention based on improved Schupmann correcting structures,
Including at least compound photon sieve, Schupmann correcting structures.The present invention ties compound photon sieve and Schupmann corrections
Structure is combined, i.e., in Schupmann correcting structures diffraction primary mirror and Fresnel correcting plate be improved to compound photon respectively
Sieve and compound Fresnel correcting plate.Diffraction primary mirror is compound photon sieve, and compound photon sieve is radially divided into three annulars
Region is respectively used to blue and green light, red spectral band imaging, and is indicated respectively with dotted line, double dot dash line, dotted line from inside to outside.
Correcting plate is compound Fresnel correcting plate, and compound Fresnel correcting plate is radially divided into three annular regions, from inside to outside
It is respectively used to blue and green light, the dispersion correction that red spectral band is imaged over the ground.Compound photon sieve and compound Fresnel correcting plate
Corresponding region carries out the no color differnece correction that narrow-band in channel may be implemented in cooperation, and the three beams light in each channel is narrow-band
The light of interior three different wave lengths, wavelength is bigger, and line style is closeer.So system can respectively carry out three narrow-bands of red, green, blue
No color differnece corrects, and can also obtain the image-forming information in three channels of red, green, blue, and the aberration between correction channel simultaneously,
The coloured image of no color differnece and aberration is obtained in image planes.
Embodiment 1：
Embodiment 1 provides a kind of optical system for high rail satellite earth observation, can effectively eliminate the color of imaging
Difference and aberration.Its service band is arbitrary wave band, but the property of entire optical system determine only 460 ± 20nm, 540 ±
20nm, 620 ± 20nm wave bands light can enter eyepiece, to imaging without contribution, visual field size is 8*8Km for the light of other wave bands,
Resolution ratio is 1m.
In high rail satellite earth observation optical system provided in this embodiment, due to film-type recombination photons sieve focal length compared with
Greatly, it you must use binary-star system and carry this optical system, that is, require film-type recombination photons sieve (object lens) and other optics
Element (eyepiece), which is divided to, to be on two satellites.
Fig. 1 is the system light path for high rail satellite earth observation optical system that the present embodiment is provided.It can in conjunction with Fig. 1
To find out, the imaging optical path system is along incident light direction respectively by film-type recombination photons sieve 1, reimaging lens group 2, compound phenanthrene
Nie Er correcting plates 3, refocusing lens 4 form, and reimaging lens are simple lens structure, and the effect of reimaging lens is photon screen
On incident luminous point be imaged onto on Fresnel correcting plate；Compound Fresnel correcting plate selects compound Fresnel zone plate, compound phenanthrene
The F number ratios of Nie Er zone plates and film-type recombination photons sieve are the amplification factor of reimaging lens, same recombination photons sieve with
The ratio of compound Fresnel zone plate bore is also the amplification factor of reimaging lens；The effect of refocusing lens is that system is passed through
The formed virtual image is output in image planes 5 after compound Fresnel single-slit diffraction, to ensure that image quality, refocusing lens have allowed for
The spherical aberration of the correction imaging of effect.
Fig. 2 is that the structure that film-type recombination photons are sieved in the high rail satellite earth observation optical system that this example is provided is shown
It is intended to.
In the high rail satellite earth observation optical system that this example provides, the relevant parameter of corresponding each optical element is as follows：
The bore of film-type recombination photons sieve is 28m, focal length 378m；Reimaging lens are located at recombination photons sieve focal plane, reimaging
The bore 0.9m of lens, 3.7~11.0m of focal length；Compound Fresnel zone plate is located at image planes of the photon screen about reimaging lens
Place, 280~840mm of bore of compound Fresnel zone plate, 37.8~340.2mm of focal length；The focal length of refocusing lens is 38.9
~297.8mm, bore are 302~848mm.
The parameter of specific each optical element different, reimaging power of lens with the difference of reimaging power of lens
Different value is taken to obtain optical component parameter as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of optical systems for low orbit satellite earth observation, and the property of entire optical system is still
Determine that the light for there was only 460 ± 20nm, 540 ± 20nm, 620 ± 20nm wave bands can enter eyepiece, the light of other wave bands is to imaging
Without contribution.
According to the difference of low orbit satellite orbit altitude, the size of low rail high-resolution imaging focal length over the ground is about 2~3m, therefore
Satellite earth observation optical system can use single Piggybacking, i.e. film-type recombination photons sieve (object lens) and other optical elements
(eyepiece) is on a satellite.
In low orbit satellite earth observation optical system provided in this embodiment, the light path schematic diagram of system light path is referring to Fig. 1.
The optical element distribution of the system is same as Example 1, and the relevant parameter for specifically corresponding to each optical element is as follows：Film-type is compound
The bore of photon screen is 2.7m, focal length 36m；Reimaging lens are located at recombination photons sieve focal plane, the bore of reimaging lens
87mm, 356~1045mm of focal length；Compound Fresnel zone plate is located at image planes of the photon screen about reimaging lens, compound phenanthrene
27~81mm of bore of Nie Er zone plates, 3.6~32.4mm of focal length；The focal length of refocusing lens is 6.5~34.0mm, and bore is
49.7~88.7mm.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate technical solution of the present invention, but it is not for limiting the present invention.Any ability
Field technique personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, may be by the content of the disclosure above to proposed by the invention
Scheme make possible variation and modification, therefore, every technology contents without departing from the present invention, technology according to the present invention is real
Any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made by confrontation above example, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of imaging optical system based on Schupmann correcting structures, including object lens and eyepiece, which is characterized in that described
Schupmann correcting structures include diffraction primary mirror and Fresnel correcting plate, and the diffraction primary mirror is the object lens, are used multiple
Photon screen is closed, the Fresnel correcting plate uses compound Fresnel correcting plate, the optical system to be wrapped successively along incident light direction
Include recombination photons sieve and mainly by reimaging lens group, the eyepiece of compound Fresnel correcting plate and refocusing lens forming,
The reimaging lens group is imaged onto the incident luminous point that recombination photons are sieved on compound Fresnel correcting plate, and the refocusing is saturating
Optical system, the formed virtual image after compound Fresnel correcting plate is output in image planes mirror；In high rail satellite earth observation optics
In system, object lens are with eyepiece on two satellites；In low orbit satellite earth observation optical system, object lens are defended with eyepiece at one
On star.
2. the imaging optical system according to claim 1 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
Recombination photons sieve is radially divided into three annular regions, is respectively used to blue and green light, red spectral band imaging from inside to outside.
3. the imaging optical system according to claim 2 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
Compound Fresnel correcting plate is radially divided into three annular regions, is respectively used to blue and green light, red spectral band from inside to outside over the ground
The dispersion correction of imaging.
4. the imaging optical system according to claim 1 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
Recombination photons sieve is film-type, and the reimaging lens are simple lens, and the compound Fresnel correcting plate is compound Fresnel wave
Strap.
5. the imaging optical system according to claim 4 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
Reimaging lens be located at the recombination photons sieve focal plane at, the compound Fresnel zone plate be located at the recombination photons sieve about
At the image planes of reimaging lens.
6. the imaging optical system according to claim 5 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
The F number ratios of compound Fresnel zone plate and recombination photons sieve are the amplification factor of reimaging lens.
7. the imaging optical system according to claim 5 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
The amplification factor that recombination photons are sieved with the ratio of compound Fresnel zone plate bore is reimaging lens.
8. the imaging optical system according to claim 1 based on Schupmann correcting structures, which is characterized in that described
The optical component parameter of object lens and eyepiece is different with the difference of the reimaging power of lens.
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