CN105319389B - A kind of high precision wide range ultrasound wind system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high precision wide range ultrasound wind system and methods, wind measuring system includes that there are four ultrasonic probe, analog switch module, AD sampling module, microprocessor module and communication modules, wherein four ultrasonic probes are orthogonally set two-by-two, each ultrasonic probe is respectively connected with transceiver module, the control terminal of each transceiver module is connected with microprocessor module, the output end of analog switch module is connected to the input terminal of AD sampling module, method are as follows: Step 1: initializing to each module；Step 2: whether detection communication module receives control command；Step 3: the receiving and transmitting signal to four groups of digital quantities carries out time delay estimation；Step 4: obtain the corresponding ultrasonic probe direction of two of them or more wind speed and, two or so corresponding wind speed；The utility model has the advantages that also substantially increasing the wind vector measurement accuracy of the instrument, there is important practical significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind measuring system and method, in particular to a kind of high precision wide range ultrasound wind system and
Method.
Background technique
Currently, ultrasonic wind speed and direction method of measuring oneself have the developing history of decades, successively propose time difference method,
The many measuring methods such as frequency-difference method, phase difference method, Doppler method and correlation method.Wherein, time difference method, frequency-difference method, phase difference method and
Doppler method is due to measurement complex circuit, vulnerable to Environmental Noise Influence etc., in high-precision ultrasonic wind speed and direction measurement side
The practical application in face is less, and correlation method with its measurement route the series of advantages such as simple, strong antijamming capability at
The measurement method generallyd use by current high-precision ultrasonic anemobiagraph.
Correlation technique is actually based on the time delay estimation method of signal statistics correlation theory.In the research field,
Has a large amount of research achievement.It is white Gaussian noise situation for measurement ambient noise, Knapp etc. proposes broad sense cross-correlation side
Method, though this method principle is simple, calculation amount is small, and estimated accuracy is not high；Maximum-likelihood method is that a kind of optimal time delay is estimated
Meter method, but this method needs the probability density of known signal, and what this point was exactly difficult to, therefore this method is in reality
It is rarely employed in border；The time delay estimation method based on cyclic autocorrelation function of the propositions such as Gardner and Chen, due to can be with
Inhibit any noise for being different from signal frequency and attracted attention by people, but this method is only applicable to emit and be received as to believe with frequency
Number situation.Due to the Doppler frequency shift that high wind speed necessarily leads to, can not make in the ultrasonic wind meter of Wide measuring range
With；It is gaussian colored noise situation for measurement ambient noise, Higher-Order Cumulants can be used, due to Higher Order Cumulants pair
There is extremely strong rejection ability in gaussian colored noise, therefore the time delay estimation method based on Higher Order Cumulants can achieve
Very high estimated accuracy.Currently, high-precision ultrasonic anemometer is essentially all using this method both at home and abroad.However, when back
Scape noise is non-Gaussian noise, especially when containing pulse shock noise in ambient noise, the time delay estimadon of this method
Precision sharply declines.
Pulse shock noise is a kind of non-Gaussian noise with obvious pulse shock property, big as caused by the electric discharge of space
Gas noise, the ignition noise of automobile engine, the switching noise of electrical equipment, wireless telecom equipment are harassed noise etc., are all belonged to
In pulse shock noise.Thus pulse shock noise is one of sonication times delay measurements environment common noise form.
Since pulse shock noise meets α Stable distritation, pulse shock noise is generally referred to as α Stable distritation noise or referred to as α
Noise.One of α noise maximum feature be it there is no limited variances, therefore, those are based on generalized related function, greatly seemingly
The time delay estimation method failure of right method, Circular correlation method and Higher-Order Cumulants.This is when being carried out based on the above method
Between the ultrasonic wind meter of delay estimation often there is unstable one of the key factor of measurement data.
In recent years, for α noise, people have carried out a large amount of research.Nikias points out, that there are scores is low for α Stable distritation
Rank square, according to this theory, scholars are proposed in succession under many α noise backgrounds, the time delay based on Fractional Lower Order Moments
Estimation method.However, in a large amount of practical application, the inherent shortcoming of the time delay estimation method based on Fractional Lower Order Moments
Gradually be exposed: firstly, Fractional Lower Order Moments are a kind of nonlinear methods, especially half invariance, i.e. two phases are not present in it
Not equal to the sum of the Fractional Lower Order Moments of respective stochastic variable, this makes the Fractional Lower Order Moments of the sum of the stochastic variable of mutual statistical iteration
We can not carry out efficiently separating for signal and noise.In addition, the Fractional Lower Order Moments perseverance of α noise and Gaussian noise is not zero, this
Illustrate that the noise inhibiting ability of fractional lower-order Moment Methods is not strong.Thus the time delay estimadon precision based on Fractional Lower Order Moments is general
It is poor.Due to α Stable distritation noise be all often it is mixed in together with Gaussian noise, there is an urgent need to a kind of couple of α by people
Noise and Gaussian noise all have the time delay estimation method of extremely strong rejection ability.
Summary of the invention
It is provided the purpose of the present invention is to solve problems existing for existing ultrasound wind system and method
A kind of high precision wide range ultrasound wind system and method.
High precision wide range ultrasound wind system provided by the invention includes that there are four ultrasonic probes, analog switch mould
Block, AD sampling module, microprocessor module and communication module, wherein four ultrasonic probes are orthogonally set two-by-two, each
Ultrasonic probe is respectively connected with transceiver module, and four transceiver modules are in parallel, and the output end of each transceiver module is opened with simulation
The input terminal for closing module is connected, and the control terminal of each transceiver module is connected with microprocessor module, analog switch module
Output end be connected to the input terminal of AD sampling module, the control terminal of analog switch module is connected to microprocessor module；AD is adopted
The output end of egf block is connected to microprocessor module；Microprocessor module is connected with communication module, measured for exporting
Wind speed and receive control command.
High precision wide range ultrasonic wave wind detection method provided by the invention, method are as described below:
Step 1: being initialized after system electrification to each module；
Step 2: whether detection communication module receives control command after the completion of initialization, if receiving control life
It enables, then microprocessor module calls control command processing function to handle the order, returns and continues to test after the completion of processing；
If being not received by control command, microprocessor module successively controls four transmitting-receiving moulds connecting with four ultrasonic probes
Block drives ultrasonic probe to issue ultrasonic wave, then controls analog switch module and successively gate four ultrasonic probes as reception spy
Head, and the signal received is passed into AD sampling module and carries out analog-to-digital conversion, result will be passed to microprocessor module simultaneously
It saves, the receiving and transmitting signal of four groups of digital quantities is always obtained；
Step 3: the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of the high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant is respectively adopted
Time delay estimation is carried out to the receiving and transmitting signal of four groups of digital quantities, obtains four time delay estimated values t1, t2, t3, t4；
Step 4: setting two opposite the distance between ultrasonic probes is d, then by relative time error method obtain wherein two
The wind speed in corresponding ultrasonic probe direction is above and below aTwo or so corresponding ultrasonic probes
The wind speed in direction is
Step 5: obtaining actual wind speed by orthogonal synthesis and beingWind angle is
Step 6: wind speed and direction angle obtained in step 5 is exported by communication module, return step two later, such as
This circulation obtains real-time wind speed and direction.
The ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant described in step 3,
The specific method is as follows for it:
1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function and standard
(1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function:
If Φ (u) is the characteristic function of stochastic variable X, have
In formula:For left Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivative, 0 < p≤1, k is arbitrary integer, is claimedRLCkp
For the fractional order cumulant of stochastic variable X, fractional order cumulantRLCkpIt can also be denoted asRLcumkp(·)；
(2) determination of fractional order cumulant standard:
Determine that fractional order cumulant standard is as follows:
Standard 1: a is set1,a2,…,akFor constant, X (k)=[x1,x2,…,xk] it is stochastic variable, then
In formula: kp=p1+p2+…+pk
Standard 2: fractional order cumulant is symmetrical, the sequence nothing of their magnitude and independent variable in other words to its independent variable
It closes, i.e.,
Wherein, i1,i2,…,ikIt is 1,2 ..., an arrangement of k；
Standard 3: if k stochastic variable { xiA subset and other parts it is independent, then
Standard 4: if stochastic variable collection [x1,x2,…,xk] and [y1,y2,…,yk] be it is independent, then have
But
Standard 5: for kp rank fractional order cumulantRLCkp(τ) has maximum value as τ=0, i.e., |RLCkp(τ)|≤RLCkp
(0)
2) rejection ability and suppressing method of the fractional order cumulant to α noise and Gaussian noise:
α Stable distritation is a kind of generalized Gaussian distribution, the characteristic function of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
Φ (u)=exp-γ | u |α}
In formula: parameter γ > 0 is known as the coefficient of dispersion；Parameter alpha ∈ (0,2] it is known as characteristic index, as characteristic index α=2,
It is Gaussian Profile that α Stable distritation, which is degenerated,；
About fractional order cumulant to the rejection ability and suppressing method of α noise and Gaussian noise, there is following theorem:
Theorem 1: being marked with the characteristic function of quasi- α Stable distritation as shown in above formula, and it is just whole more than or equal to the minimum of kp for enabling m
Number, then as 1 > p > 0, k is the integer greater than 0, as 2 >=α > 0, the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
(1) when α-kp is not integer,
(2) when 1≤kp- α≤m is integer,
RLCkp=0
As it can be seen that for the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation signal, when taking kp < α, or as 1≤kp- α≤m
When for integer, kp rank fractional order cumulant exists and is zero, due to Gaussian Profile be in standard α Stable distritation as α=2
One special case, therefore, fractional order cumulant still sets up gaussian signal, this i.e. fractional order cumulant is to α and Gaussian noise
Rejection condition and suppressing method, since the fractional order cumulant of α noise and Gaussian noise is zero, i.e., as kp < α, it is meant that right
The complete inhibition of both noises, therefore, fractional order cumulant has extremely strong rejection ability to α noise and Gaussian noise；
3) based on the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of fractional order cumulant
For ultrasound wind system, due to being influenced by ultrasonic probe and spatial electromagnetic interference, the transmitting of ultrasonic wave
It is noise-containing with signal is received, if the transmitting signal of ultrasonic wave is
x1(k)=s (k)+nα1(k)+ng1(k)
The reception signal of ultrasonic sensor is
x2(k)=β s (k-D)+nα2(k)+ng2(k)
In upper two formula, s (k), s (k-D) are without transmitting and the reception signal of making an uproar, and D is the time delay for receiving signal；β is to decline
Subtracting coefficient；nα1(k)、nα2(k) and ng1(k)、ng2It (k) is respectively to emit and receive signal adjoint zero-mean α noise and Gauss to make an uproar
Sound, nα1(k)、nα2(k)、ng1(k)、ng2(k) mutually indepedent two-by-two and mutually indepedent with emitting and receiving signal s (k), s (k-D)；
To x1(k) and x2(k), take 2p (α≤2 2p <) rank fractional order cumulant, by the canonical function 1 of fractional order cumulant,
3,4 and theorem 1, have
Noise is not included in i.e. last required fractional order cumulant, it is seen that this method can sufficiently inhibit to measure in environment
α noise and Gaussian noise, thus not only there is very high time delay estimadon precision, but also substantially increase ultrasound wind
The reliability that instrument works under complex electromagnetic environment, according to the standard 5 of fractional order cumulant, as τ-D=0,
There is maximum value, therefore hasFractional order accumulation is acquired in microprocessor
After amount, it is scanned for, finds out the corresponding τ value of its maximum value, the exactly time between required ultrasonic transmission/reception signal prolongs
Late.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) fractional order cumulant proposed by the present invention is the expansion and development to Higher Order Cumulants, it is by Higher Order Cumulants
Definition expands to entire positive real number domain by positive integer；Fractional order cumulant can overcome non-present in fractional lower-order Moment Methods comprehensively
The problems such as linearly and to α noise and not strong Gaussian noise rejection ability；
2) fractional order cumulant proposed by the present invention is that have most important theories value and science meaning in field of signal processing
The initiative fundamental research of justice, is an important breakthrough of signal processing theory, has great theory significance and application
Value；
3) present invention firstly provides the time delay estimation method based on fractional order cumulant, this method can effectively press down
The influence of α noise processed and Gaussian noise to time delay estimadon precision, has important theoretical significance and practical application value.
4) present invention calculates real-time wind speed and direction using relative time error method, can eliminate temperature, humidity, air pressure of air etc.
Influence of the factors to ultrasonic velocity, not only simplifies the measuring circuit of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, but also substantially increases
The wind vector measurement accuracy of the instrument has important practical significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is program circuit schematic diagram of the invention.
1, ultrasonic probe 2, analog switch module 3, AD sampling module 4, microprocessor module
5, communication module 6, transceiver module.
Specific embodiment
It please refers to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2:
High precision wide range ultrasound wind system provided by the invention includes that there are four ultrasonic probes 1, analog switch
Module 2, AD sampling module 3, microprocessor module 4 and communication module 5 are set wherein four ultrasonic probes 1 are mutually orthogonal two-by-two
It sets, each ultrasonic probe 1 is respectively connected with transceiver module 6, and four transceiver modules 6 are in parallel, the output end of each transceiver module 6
It is connected with the input terminal of analog switch module 2, the control terminal of each transceiver module 6 is connected with microprocessor module 4,
The output end of analog switch module 2 is connected to the input terminal of AD sampling module 3, and the control terminal of analog switch module 2 is connected to micro-
Processor module 4；The output end of AD sampling module 3 is connected to microprocessor module 4；Microprocessor module 4 and 5 phase of communication module
Connection, for exporting measured wind speed and receiving control command.
High precision wide range ultrasonic wave wind detection method provided by the invention, method are as described below:
Step 1: being initialized after system electrification to each module；
Step 2: whether detection communication module 5 receives control command after the completion of initialization, if receiving control life
It enables, then microprocessor module 4 calls control command processing function to handle the order, returns after the completion of processing and continues to examine
It surveys；If being not received by control command, microprocessor module 4 successively controls four connect with four ultrasonic probes 1
Transceiver module 6 drives ultrasonic probe 1 to issue ultrasonic wave, then controls analog switch module 2 and successively gate four ultrasonic probes 1
As receiving transducer, and the signal received is passed into AD sampling module 3 and carries out analog-to-digital conversion, result will be passed to micro- place
Reason device module 4 simultaneously saves, and the receiving and transmitting signal of four groups of digital quantities is always obtained；
Step 3: the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of the high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant is respectively adopted
Time delay estimation is carried out to the receiving and transmitting signal of four groups of digital quantities, obtains four time delay estimated values t1, t2, t3, t4；
Step 4: setting two opposite the distance between ultrasonic probes 1 is d, then obtained wherein by relative time error method
The wind speed in about two corresponding 1 directions of ultrasonic probe isTwo or so corresponding ultrasonic waves
The wind speed in 1 direction of popping one's head in is
Step 5: obtaining actual wind speed by orthogonal synthesis and beingWind angle is
It is exported Step 6: wind speed and direction angle obtained in step 5 is passed through communication module 5, later return step two,
So circulation obtains real-time wind speed and direction.
The ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant described in step 3,
The specific method is as follows for it:
1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function and standard
(1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function:
If Φ (u) is the characteristic function of stochastic variable X, have
In formula:For left Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivative, 0 < p≤1, k is arbitrary integer, is claimedRLCkpFor the fractional order cumulant of stochastic variable X, fractional order cumulantRLCkpIt can also be denoted asRLcumkp(·)；
(2) determination of fractional order cumulant standard:
Determine that fractional order cumulant standard is as follows:
Standard 1: a is set1,a2,…,akFor constant, X (k)=[x1,x2,…,xk] it is stochastic variable, then
In formula: kp=p1+p2+…+pk
Standard 2: fractional order cumulant is symmetrical, the sequence nothing of their magnitude and independent variable in other words to its independent variable
It closes, i.e.,
Wherein, i1,i2,…,ikIt is 1,2 ..., an arrangement of k；
Standard 3: if k stochastic variable { xiA subset and other parts it is independent, then
Standard 4: if stochastic variable collection [x1,x2,…,xk] and [y1,y2,…,yk] be it is independent, then have
But
Standard 5: for kp rank fractional order cumulantRLCkp(τ) has maximum value as τ=0, i.e., |RLCkp(τ)|≤RLCkp
(0)
2) rejection ability and suppressing method of the fractional order cumulant to α noise and Gaussian noise:
α Stable distritation is a kind of generalized Gaussian distribution, the characteristic function of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
Φ (u)=exp-γ | u |α}
In formula: parameter γ > 0 is known as the coefficient of dispersion；Parameter alpha ∈ (0,2] it is known as characteristic index, as characteristic index α=2,
It is Gaussian Profile that α Stable distritation, which is degenerated,；
About fractional order cumulant to the rejection ability and suppressing method of α noise and Gaussian noise, there is following theorem:
Theorem 1: being marked with the characteristic function of quasi- α Stable distritation as shown in above formula, and it is just whole more than or equal to the minimum of kp for enabling m
Number, then as 1 > p > 0, k is the integer greater than 0, as 2 >=α > 0, the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
(1) when α-kp is not integer,
(2) when 1≤kp- α≤m is integer,
RLCkp=0
As it can be seen that for the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation signal, when taking kp < α, or as 1≤kp- α≤m
When for integer, kp rank fractional order cumulant exists and is zero, due to Gaussian Profile be in standard α Stable distritation as α=2
One special case, therefore, fractional order cumulant still sets up gaussian signal, this i.e. fractional order cumulant is to α and Gaussian noise
Rejection condition and suppressing method, since the fractional order cumulant of α noise and Gaussian noise is zero, i.e., as kp < α, it is meant that right
The complete inhibition of both noises, therefore, fractional order cumulant has extremely strong rejection ability to α noise and Gaussian noise；
3) based on the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of fractional order cumulant
For ultrasound wind system, due to being influenced by ultrasonic probe and spatial electromagnetic interference, the transmitting of ultrasonic wave
It is noise-containing with signal is received, if the transmitting signal of ultrasonic wave is
x1(k)=s (k)+nα1(k)+ng1(k)
The reception signal of ultrasonic sensor is
x2(k)=β s (k-D)+nα2(k)+ng2(k)
In upper two formula, s (k), s (k-D) are without transmitting and the reception signal of making an uproar, and D is the time delay for receiving signal；β is to decline
Subtracting coefficient；nα1(k)、nα2(k) and ng1(k)、ng2It (k) is respectively to emit and receive signal adjoint zero-mean α noise and Gauss to make an uproar
Sound, nα1(k)、nα2(k)、ng1(k)、ng2(k) mutually indepedent two-by-two and mutually indepedent with emitting and receiving signal s (k), s (k-D)；
To x1(k) and x2(k), take 2p (α≤2 2p <) rank fractional order cumulant, by the canonical function 1 of fractional order cumulant,
3,4 and theorem 1, have
Noise is not included in i.e. last required fractional order cumulant, it is seen that this method can sufficiently inhibit to measure in environment
α noise and Gaussian noise, thus not only there is very high time delay estimadon precision, but also substantially increase ultrasound wind
The reliability that instrument works under complex electromagnetic environment, according to the standard 5 of fractional order cumulant, as τ-D=0,
There is maximum value, therefore hasFractional order accumulation is acquired in microprocessor
After amount, it is scanned for, finds out the corresponding τ value of its maximum value, the exactly time between required ultrasonic transmission/reception signal prolongs
Late.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high precision wide range ultrasonic wave wind detection method, it is characterised in that: its method is as described below:
Step 1: being initialized after system electrification to each module；Wind measuring system includes that there are four ultrasonic probe, simulations to open
Module, AD sampling module, microprocessor module and communication module are closed, wherein four ultrasonic probes are orthogonally set two-by-two,
Each ultrasonic probe is respectively connected with transceiver module, and four transceiver modules are in parallel, and the output end of each transceiver module is and mould
The input terminal of quasi- switch module is connected, and the control terminal of each transceiver module is connected with microprocessor module, analog switch
The output end of module is connected to the input terminal of AD sampling module, and the control terminal of analog switch module is connected to microprocessor module；
The output end of AD sampling module is connected to microprocessor module；Microprocessor module is connected with communication module, for exporting
The wind speed and reception control command measured；
Step 2: whether detection communication module receives control command after the completion of initialization, if receiving control command,
Microprocessor module calls control command processing function to handle the order, returns and continues to test after the completion of processing；If
It is not received by control command, then microprocessor module successively controls four transceiver modules connecting with four ultrasonic probes and drives
Dynamic ultrasonic probe issues ultrasonic wave, then controls analog switch module and successively gate four ultrasonic probes as receiving transducer,
And the signal received is passed into AD sampling module and carries out analog-to-digital conversion, result will be passed to microprocessor module and protect
It deposits, the receiving and transmitting signal of four groups of digital quantities is always obtained；
Step 3: the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of the high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant is respectively adopted to four
The receiving and transmitting signal of group digital quantity carries out time delay estimation, obtains four time delay estimated values t1, t2, t3, t4；
The ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of high precision wide range based on fractional order cumulant, the specific method is as follows:
1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function and standard
(1) determination of fractional order accumulation flow function:
If Φ (u) is the characteristic function of stochastic variable X, have
In formula:For left Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivative, 0 < p≤1, k is arbitrary integer, is claimedRLCkpFor
The fractional order cumulant of stochastic variable X, fractional order cumulantRLCkpIt can also be denoted asRLcumkp(·)；
(2) determination of fractional order cumulant standard:
Determine that fractional order cumulant standard is as follows:
Standard 1: a is set1,a2,…,akFor constant, X (k)=[x1,x2,…,xk] it is stochastic variable, then
In formula: kp=p1+p2+…+pk
Standard 2: fractional order cumulant is symmetrically that their magnitude is unrelated with the sequence of independent variable, i.e., to its independent variable
Wherein, i1,i2,…,ikIt is 1,2 ..., an arrangement of k；
Standard 3: if k stochastic variable { xiA subset and other parts it is independent, then
Standard 4: if stochastic variable collection [x1,x2,…,xk] and [y1,y2,…,yk] be it is independent, then have
But
Standard 5: for kp rank fractional order cumulantRLCkp(τ) has maximum value as τ=0, i.e., |RLCkp(τ)|≤RLCkp(0)
2) rejection ability and suppressing method of the fractional order cumulant to α noise and Gaussian noise:
α Stable distritation is a kind of generalized Gaussian distribution, the characteristic function of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
Φ (u)=exp-γ | u |α}
In formula: parameter γ > 0 is known as the coefficient of dispersion；Parameter alpha ∈ (0,2] it is known as characteristic index, as characteristic index α=2, α is steady
It is Gaussian Profile that fixed distribution, which is degenerated,；
About fractional order cumulant to the rejection ability and suppressing method of α noise and Gaussian noise, there is following theorem:
Theorem 1: being marked with the characteristic function of quasi- α Stable distritation as shown in above formula, and enabling m is the minimum positive integer more than or equal to kp,
Then as 1 > p > 0, k is the integer greater than 0, as 2 >=α > 0, the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation are as follows:
(1) when α-kp is not integer,
(2) when 1≤kp- α≤m is integer,
RLCkp=0
As it can be seen that for the kp rank fractional order cumulant of standard α Stable distritation signal, when taking kp < α, or when 1≤kp- α≤m is whole
When number, kp rank fractional order cumulant exists and is zero, since Gaussian Profile is one in standard α Stable distritation as α=2
Special case, therefore, fractional order cumulant still set up gaussian signal, this i.e. inhibition of fractional order cumulant to α and Gaussian noise
Condition and suppressing method, since the fractional order cumulant of α noise and Gaussian noise is zero, i.e., as kp < α, it is meant that this two
Kind noise complete inhibition, therefore, fractional order cumulant has extremely strong rejection ability to α noise and Gaussian noise；
3) based on the ultrasonic signal delay time estimation method of fractional order cumulant
For ultrasound wind system, due to being influenced by ultrasonic probe and spatial electromagnetic interference, the transmitting of ultrasonic wave and connect
The collection of letters number is noise-containing, if the transmitting signal of ultrasonic wave is
x1(k)=s (k)+nα1(k)+ng1(k)
The reception signal of ultrasonic sensor is
x2(k)=β s (k-D)+nα2(k)+ng2(k)
In upper two formula, s (k), s (k-D) be without make an uproar transmitting and receive signal,DFor the time delay for receiving signal；β be decaying because
Son；nα1(k)、nα2(k) and ng1(k)、ng2It (k) is respectively to emit and receive signal adjoint zero-mean α noise and Gaussian noise,
nα1(k)、nα2(k)、ng1(k)、ng2(k) mutually indepedent two-by-two and mutually indepedent with emitting and receiving signal s (k), s (k-D)；
To x1(k) and x2(k), take 2P rank fractional order cumulant, wherein 2p < α < 2, by the canonical function 1 of fractional order cumulant,
3,4 and theorem 1, have
Do not include noise in i.e. last required fractional order cumulant, according to the standard 5 of fractional order cumulant, as τ-D=0,There is maximum value, therefore hasAsked in microprocessor
After goals for rank cumulant, it is scanned for, finds out the corresponding τ value of its maximum value, is exactly required ultrasonic transmission/reception signal
Between time delay；
Step 4: setting two opposite the distance between ultrasonic probes is d, then obtained in two of them by relative time error method
Under the wind speed in corresponding ultrasonic probe direction beTwo or so corresponding ultrasonic probe directions
Wind speed be
Step 5: obtaining actual wind speed by orthogonal synthesis and beingWind angle is
Step 6: wind speed and direction angle obtained in step 5 is exported by communication module, return step two, are so followed later
Ring obtains real-time wind speed and direction.
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| CN105974196B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-08-17 | 吉林大学 | A kind of high-precision power grid harmonic measure system and method |
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