CN103558410A - Ultrasonic wave anemoscope anti-interference device and method based on non-intrinsic frequency excitation - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave anemoscope anti-interference device and method based on non-intrinsic frequency excitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic wave anemoscope anti-interference device and method based on non-intrinsic frequency excitation. The ultrasonic wave anemoscope anti-interference device is formed by a transducer intrinsic frequency test module, a non-intrinsic frequency transducer excitation source and a high-attenuation-rate narrow-band-pass filter. The method includes the steps of obtaining the intrinsic frequency of a transducer system through a frequency scanning method, selecting the frequency close to but not equal to the intrinsic frequency of the transducer system as the signal frequency of normal operation, selecting the oval high-attenuation-rate narrow-band-pass filter, and removing noise signals such as sounds, abnormal sounds and whistlers produced by external interference in the surrounding environment of a ultrasonic anemograph out of the normal signals achieving measurement of wind speed and wind directions. The ultrasonic wave anemoscope anti-interference device and method based on the non-intrinsic frequency excitation are capable of effectively avoiding influence of the external noises on the ultrasonic anemograph and ensuring measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic anemograph, and are easy to use and capable of being widely applied to a two-dimensional ultrasonic anemograph and a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemograph.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for the jamproof device and method of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, especially the jamproof device and method of a kind of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency, by frequency sweeping mode, obtain the natural frequency of transducer system, select but unequal frequency adjacent with transducer system natural frequency as the signal frequency of normal operation, and select high attenuation rate, the elliptic filter of narrow passband, by the sound in ultrasonic wind velocity indicator surrounding environment, abnormal sound, the noise signal that the external interference such as utter long and high-pitched sounds produces is rejected from the normal signal that realizes wind speed and direction and measure, thereby avoid the impact of outside noise on ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.
Background technology
Wind speed and direction is the important parameter in meteorology, and the measurement precision of these two parameters directly has influence on the accuracy of weather forecast.Ultrasonic wind velocity indicator is a kind of novel wind speed and direction surveying instrument.During work, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator applies excitation signal at transmitting transducer end, makes transmitting transducer outwards launch ultrasound beamformer.Ultrasound beamformer is propagated in air, through after certain hour, arrives receiving transducer end, makes receiving transducer produce the corresponding signal that receives.When the wind speed of surrounding environment is larger, the velocity of propagation of ultrasound beamformer is just fast, and the travel-time that arrives receiving transducer is just short, on the contrary, when the wind speed of surrounding environment hour, the velocity of propagation of ultrasound beamformer is just slow, the travel-time that arrives receiving transducer is just long.Thereby ultrasonic wind velocity indicator just can and receive the travel-time between signal by metering excitation signal, determines the wind speed and direction of surrounding environment.Ultrasonic wind velocity indicator has the advantages such as measuring accuracy is high, measurement range is wide, low-power consumption, and therefore, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator is widely used in electric power, iron and steel, petrochemical industry, the industry such as energy-conservation.
For realizing the low power capabilities of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, and the signal intensity while simultaneously guaranteeing ultrasonic wind velocity indicator measuring wind, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator often selects the natural frequency of transducer system (comprising transmitting transducer and receiving transducer) as the frequency of operation of signal excitation and signal reception, it is the excitation signal frequency of transmitting transducer, and the reception signal frequency of receiving transducer, all equal the natural frequency of transducer system.
Ultrasonic wind velocity indicator frequency of operation equals the feature of transducer system natural frequency, makes ultrasonic wind velocity indicator in actual use, the interference of sound, the abnormal sound that is very easily subject to existing in surrounding environment, the outside noise such as utter long and high-pitched sounds.This is that work characteristics by transducer system determines.The effect of transducer is to realize sound and electric signal is changed mutually, so transducer is the most key sensor in ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.When the external world produces noise, transducer will be responded to some extent to these noises, and these noises are converted to electric signal.With respect to normal reception signal, the electric signal being caused by noise, to make ultrasonic wind velocity indicator take for ultrasound beamformer in advance or delay arrival receiving transducer, and cause the mistake metering to the ultrasound beamformer travel-time, thereby cause the measuring error of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator to wind speed and direction.Outside noise disturbs and will have influence on the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, when serious, even causes ultrasonic wind velocity indicator to work.
For avoiding outside noise to disturb the impact on the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, generally adopt the mode of the wave filters such as low pass, high pass, band be logical to improve the antijamming capability of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.But, these wave filter modes exist an inherent defect: although wave filter can filter out the noise outside transducer system natural frequency, but because frequency of operation and the transducer system natural frequency of normal signal equates, therefore for guaranteeing the intensity of normal signal, wave filter also cannot filter out the noise signal that frequency is identical with transducer natural frequency.
For avoiding the interference of outside noise, also can adopt the modern filtering method based on numerical evaluation, by various mathematical methods and statistical law, estimate the intensity of the noise signal that frequency is identical with transducer natural frequency, thereby noise signal is rejected from normal signal the inside.But, for realizing this modern filtering method, conventionally require the controller of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator to have powerful computing power and data-handling capacity, this not only can directly improve the financial cost of controller, also can significantly promote the power consumption of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator means for anti-jamming exciting based on extrinsic frequency, by transducer natural frequency test module, extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source, high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter, jointly realized;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator anti-interference method exciting based on extrinsic frequency, by frequency sweeping mode, obtain the natural frequency of transducer system, select but unequal frequency adjacent with transducer system natural frequency as the signal frequency of normal operation, and select high attenuation rate, the elliptic filter of narrow passband, by the sound in ultrasonic wind velocity indicator surrounding environment, abnormal sound, the noise signal that the external interference such as utter long and high-pitched sounds produces, from realize the normal signal that wind speed and direction measures, reject, thereby avoid the impact of outside noise on ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The jamproof device of a kind of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency, it is characterized in that, the first transmitting transducer that comprises ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, the second transmitting transducer, the first receiving transducer and the second receiving transducer, also comprise transducer natural frequency test module, extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source and high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter, wherein, the signal output part of described transducer natural frequency test module connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer and the second transmitting transducer, the signal input part of described transducer natural frequency test module connects the signal output part of the first receiving transducer and the second receiving transducer, the signal output part of described extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer and the second transmitting transducer, the signal output part of described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter connects the signal input part of the first receiving transducer and the second receiving transducer.
Optimize as a supplement, described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter is ellipse bandpass filter.
Optimize as a supplement, described transducer natural frequency test module is comprised of excite amplification module, control module, the signal receiving module that connect successively.Frequency test module, i.e. common frequency-sweeping apparatus.
The ultrasonic wind velocity indicator anti-interference method that said apparatus excites based on extrinsic frequency, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtains the natural frequency of transducer system by frequency sweeping mode; The transducer nominal frequency of setting ultrasonic wind velocity indicator (1) is f
mark, transducer natural frequency test module signal output part is with the sinusoidal signal of the mode transmission frequency variation of frequency sweeping, and the frequency sweeping scope of described sinusoidal signal is (f
mark-5) KHz is to (f
mark+ 5) KHz; During frequency sweeping, frequency increase per second 0.5KHz; In this frequency sweeping process, transducer natural frequency test module signal receiving end synchronously receives and records the signal amplitude that receives the first receiving transducer and the output of the second receiving transducer; After frequency sweeping process finishes, corresponding stimulating frequency when signal amplitude that transducer natural frequency test module automatic decision receives is maximum, and the natural frequency using this stimulating frequency as transducer system, be made as f
gu, and be stored in transducer natural frequency test module;
Step 2, selects and transducer system natural frequency f
guadjacent but unequal frequency is as the signal frequency of normal operation; The excitation signal that described extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source is exported is sinusoidal signal, and the frequency of the sinusoidal signal that this excites is made as f
swash, f
swashfrequency range be (f
gu-1.5) KHz is to (f
gu-3.5) between KHz;
Step 3, the undesired signal that the outside noise that utilizes the narrow pass filter rejecting of high attenuation rate to equate with natural frequency causes; The centre frequency of setting the narrow pass filter of high attenuation rate is f
filter, f
filter=f
swashthereby, can guarantee the excitation signal f that works
swashlow decay pass through, guarantee outside noise and natural frequency f simultaneously
guthe height decay cut-off of the undesired signal that frequency is equal.
Optimize as a supplement, the narrow pass filter of described high attenuation rate can be active filter or passive filter.Wave filter is generally divided into two kinds, active filter and passive filter.In wave filter when work,, need to connect external power source, is called active filter; Otherwise, wave filter when work, without connecing external power source, be called passive filter.Generally speaking, more by force, but that passive filter uses active filter carrying load ability is more more convenient.
Invention advantage:
(1) the present invention can eliminate the outside noise interference that normal measurement causes to ultrasonic wind velocity indicator effectively, and method cost of the present invention is lower simultaneously, and during work, power consumption is also lower.
(2) wave filter of the present invention can be realized by passive or active mode, and filtering does not relate to complicated mathematical computations, and application is simple, and reliability is high.
(3) the present invention can use in random two-dimensional formula ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, three-dimension type ultrasonic wind velocity indicator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the implementation system of device of the present invention is always schemed.
Fig. 2 is transducer natural frequency inside modules functional block diagram.
Fig. 3 is ultrasonic wind velocity indicator transducer system frequency sweeping test result figure.
Fig. 4 is operating frequency range figure selected in the method for the invention.
Fig. 5 is the filtering performance figure of the elliptic filters mentioned in the method for the invention.
In figure: 1, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, 2A, 2B, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator transmitting transducer, 3A, 3B, ultrasonic wind velocity indicator receiving transducer, 4, transducer natural frequency test module, 4A, excite amplification module, 4B, control module, 4C, signal receiving module, 5, extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source, 6, high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and a preferred embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment:
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 2: the jamproof device of a kind of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency that the present embodiment disclosed, the the first transmitting transducer 2A that comprises ultrasonic wind velocity indicator 1, the second transmitting transducer 2B, the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B, also comprise transducer natural frequency test module 4, extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source 5 and high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6, wherein, the signal output part of described transducer natural frequency test module 4 connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B, the signal input part of described transducer natural frequency test module 4 connects the signal output part of the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B, the signal output part of described extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source 5 connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B, the signal output part of described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6 connects the signal input part of the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B.
Described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6 is ellipse bandpass filter.
Described transducer natural frequency test module 4 is comprised of excite amplification module 4A, control module 4B, the signal receiving module 4C that connect successively.Wherein, excite the output terminal of amplification module 4A to be connected to the first transmitting transducer 2A of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator and the signal input part of the second transmitting transducer 2B, signal receiving module 4C is connected to the first receiving transducer 3A of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator and the signal output part of the second receiving transducer 3B.
The ultrasonic wind velocity indicator anti-interference method that said apparatus excites based on extrinsic frequency, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the application prerequisite of the method for the invention, is exactly in the natural frequency of measuring ultrasonic wind velocity indicator transducer system.Transducer natural frequency test module 4 is established for realizing above-mentioned functions exactly.When ultrasonic wind velocity indicator Default Value, under transducer natural frequency test module 4 control of the control module 4B of portion within it, by exciting amplification module 4A, the sinusoidal signal changing to the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B transmission frequency in the mode of frequency sweeping.For improving testing efficiency, the frequency scanning should have certain scope.In the application of the method for the invention, the lower limit of frequency sweeping scope is the transducer nominal frequency f mark-5KHz that dispatches from the factory, the higher limit of frequency sweeping scope is the transducer nominal frequency f mark+5KHz that dispatches from the factory, and during frequency sweeping, frequency is with the 0.5KHz velocity variations of increase per second.In frequency sweeping process, the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator 1 will produce corresponding sinusoidal signal, and signal amplitude changes with the change of stimulating frequency.Signal receiving module 4C in transducer natural frequency test module 4 will gather the signal amplitude of the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B output, and it is inner that signal amplitude is stored into control module 4B.After frequency sweeping process finishes, corresponding stimulating frequency when signal amplitude that control module 4B receives automatic decision is maximum, as shown in Figure 3, and solid using this stimulating frequency as up-to-date anemoscope transducer natural frequency f, be stored in control module 4B.
Step 2: as shown in Figure 4, method of the present invention, when practical application, needs to determine the frequency of operation of transducer system in ultrasonic wind velocity indicator, i.e. the frequency of extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source 5 output signals.Method of the present invention is chosen at frequency of operation than the solid little 1.5KHz of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator natural frequency f in the scope of 3.5KHz, and the frequency f of the excitation signal of 5 couples of the first transmitting transducer 2A of extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source and the second transmitting transducer 2B swashs for (f solid-1.5) KHz is between (f solid-3.5) KHz.Choosing of above-mentioned operating frequency range, both meet the method for the invention and for frequency of operation, be not equal to the requirement of transducer system natural frequency, fully taking into account again frequency of operation, to leave transducer system natural frequency too far away, will cause the problem that transducer is too low to the excitation response under frequency of operation.Meanwhile, the choosing of above-mentioned operating frequency range, also fully take into account frequency of operation from transducer system natural frequency too close to, will cause the bandwidth of follow-up narrow band filter by narrow, thus the realization that causes wave filter difficulty too.
Simultaneously, for guaranteeing that the first receiving transducer 3A under selected frequency of operation and the reception signal amplitude of the second receiving transducer 3B are obviously greater than the white noise signal amplitude being caused by ambient noise, the amplitude of the exciting voltage signal under selected frequency of operation is answered corresponding lifting, generally can be promoted to the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B nominal rated operational voltage 130%～150%, but to be no more than the maximum working voltage of the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B nominal, be advisable simultaneously.
Step 3: as shown in Figure 5, in method of the present invention, desired high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6 is ellipse bandpass filter, its centre frequency f filter equals selected frequency of operation f and swashs, and bandwidth is 2KHz.High attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6 of the present invention, the low decay of the signal that should guarantee to work is passed through, and guarantees the height decay cut-off of the undesired signal of that noise causes and frequency and natural frequency f solid phase etc. simultaneously.High attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6 of the present invention can the mode of active filter or the mode of passive filter realize.
The principle of work of the method for the invention and the course of work are: the sinusoidal excitation signal f of extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source 5 output swashs, and the frequency of this sinusoidal signal to be not equal to the natural frequency f of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator transducer system solid.This sine excitation signal f swash be applied to the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B upper after, the first transmitting transducer 2A and the second transmitting transducer 2B are by generation and launch ultrasound beamformer.Ultrasound beamformer arrives after the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B, and the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B swash with excitation signal frequency f the sine reception signal equating by producing frequency.Because the above-mentioned sinusoidal frequency of signal that receives is filtered and equated with the centre frequency f of elliptic filters 6, and within the sinusoidal frequency that receives signal is positioned at the bandwidth of elliptic filters 6, therefore, sinusoidal reception signal will be by elliptic filters 6, be input to ultrasonic wind velocity indicator 1 inside, to calculate the wind speed and direction of surrounding environment.When extraneous sound, abnormal sound, the external interference such as utter long and high-pitched sounds cause that the first receiving transducer 3A and the second receiving transducer 3B produce noise signal, the natural frequency f that equals transducer system due to the frequency of noise signal is solid, due to the frequency of noise signal, be not equal to the centre frequency f filter of elliptic filters 6 simultaneously, and the frequency of noise signal is positioned at outside the bandwidth of high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6, therefore, noise signal cannot be by high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter 6.Thereby method of the present invention, has successfully eliminated the interference of outside noise to ultrasonic wind velocity indicator 1 normal operation.
It is to be noted; as described above is only in order to explain the present invention's preferred embodiment; not attempt is done any formal restriction to the present invention according to this; be with; all any modification or changes that has the relevant the present invention that does under identical invention spirit, all must be included in the category that the invention is intended to protection.
Claims (5)
1. the jamproof device of the ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency, it is characterized in that, the first transmitting transducer (2A) that comprises ultrasonic wind velocity indicator (1), the second transmitting transducer (2B), the first receiving transducer (3A) and the second receiving transducer (3B), also comprise transducer natural frequency test module (4), extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source (5) and high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter (6), wherein, the signal output part of described transducer natural frequency test module (4) connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer (2A) and the second transmitting transducer (2B), the signal input part of described transducer natural frequency test module (4) connects the signal output part of the first receiving transducer (3A) and the second receiving transducer (3B), the signal output part of described extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source (5) connects the signal input part of the first transmitting transducer (2A) and the second transmitting transducer (2B), the signal output part of described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter (6) connects the signal input part of the first receiving transducer (3A) and the second receiving transducer (3B).
2. the jamproof device of the ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described high attenuation rate narrow-band pass filter (6) is ellipse bandpass filter.
3. the jamproof device of the ultrasonic wind velocity indicator exciting based on extrinsic frequency according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described transducer natural frequency test module (4) is comprised of excite amplification module (4A), control module (4B), the signal receiving module (4C) that connect successively.
4. the ultrasonic wind velocity indicator anti-interference method exciting based on extrinsic frequency is installed in utilization as described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtains the natural frequency of transducer system by frequency sweeping mode; The transducer nominal frequency of setting ultrasonic wind velocity indicator (1) is f
mark, transducer natural frequency test module (4) signal output part is with the sinusoidal signal of the mode transmission frequency variation of frequency sweeping, and the frequency sweeping scope of described sinusoidal signal is (f
mark-5) KHz is to (f
mark+ 5) KHz; During frequency sweeping, frequency increase per second 0.5KHz; In this frequency sweeping process, transducer natural frequency test module (4) signal receiving end synchronously receives and records the signal amplitude that receives the first receiving transducer (3A) and the second receiving transducer (3B) output; After frequency sweeping process finishes, corresponding stimulating frequency when signal amplitude that transducer natural frequency test module (4) automatic decision receives is maximum, and the natural frequency using this stimulating frequency as transducer system, be made as f
gu, and be stored in transducer natural frequency test module (4);
Step 2, selects and transducer system natural frequency f
guadjacent but unequal frequency is as the signal frequency of normal operation; The excitation signal that described extrinsic frequency transducer excitaton source (5) is exported is sinusoidal signal, and the frequency of the sinusoidal signal that this excites is made as f
swash, f
swashfrequency range be (f
gu-1.5) KHz is to (f
gu-3.5) between KHz;
Step 3, the undesired signal that the outside noise that utilizes the narrow pass filter of high attenuation rate (6) rejecting to equate with natural frequency causes; The centre frequency of setting the narrow pass filter of high attenuation rate (6) is f
filter, f
filter=f
swashthereby, can guarantee the excitation signal f that works
swashlow decay pass through, guarantee outside noise and natural frequency f simultaneously
guthe height decay cut-off of the undesired signal that frequency is equal.
5. the ultrasonic wind velocity indicator anti-interference method exciting based on extrinsic frequency according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the narrow pass filter of described high attenuation rate (6) can be active filter or passive filter.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105319389A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-10 | 吉林大学 | High-precision and wide-range ultrasonic wind speed measuring system and method |
| CN106771347A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of frequency sweep type ultrasonic wind measurement method |
| CN113671215A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州斯威高科信息技术有限公司 | Measurement and calibration method and system for improving precision of ultrasonic wind sensor |
| CN114370931A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏无线电厂有限公司 | Method for rapidly calculating frequency of ultrasonic transducer |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105319389A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-10 | 吉林大学 | High-precision and wide-range ultrasonic wind speed measuring system and method |
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| CN113671215A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州斯威高科信息技术有限公司 | Measurement and calibration method and system for improving precision of ultrasonic wind sensor |
| CN113671215B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2024-02-20 | 苏州斯威高科信息技术有限公司 | Measurement and calibration method and system for improving accuracy of ultrasonic wind sensor |
| CN114370931A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏无线电厂有限公司 | Method for rapidly calculating frequency of ultrasonic transducer |
| CN114370931B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏无线电厂有限公司 | Method for rapidly calculating frequency of ultrasonic transducer |
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| CN103558410B (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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